Measurements of the effective mass transfer areas for the gas–liquid rotating packed bed

Rotating packed bed(RPB) is one of the most effective gas–liquid mass transfer enhancement reactors, its effective specific mass transfer area(ae) is critical to understand the mass transfer process. By using the NaOH–CO_(2) chemical absorption method, the aevalues of three RPB reactors with different rotor sizes were measured under different operation conditions. The results showed that the high gravity factor and liquid flow rate were major affecting factors, while the gas flow rate exhibited minor influence.The radius of packing is the dominant equipment factor to affect aevalue. The results indicated that the contact area depends on the dispersion of the liquid phase, thus the centrifugal force of rotating packed bed greatly influenced the aevalue. Moreover, the measured ae/ap(effective specific mass transfer area/specific surface area of packing) values were fitted with dimensionless correlation formulas. The unified correlation formula with dimensionless bed size parameter can well predict the experimental data and the prediction errors were within 15%.

A Mass Transfer Model for Devolatilization of Highly Viscous Media in Rotating Packed Bed

A mass transfer model for devolatilization process of highly viscous media in rotating packed bed(RPB) was developed based on penetration theory and mass conservation.Before establishing the model,some mass transfer experiments of thin film were conducted in a designed diffusion cell including vacuum and feeding system. In this study,acetone was used as the volatile organic compound(VOC) and syrup as the highly viscous media.The thickness of thin film was changed by using different liquid distributor.It was found that bubbling played an important role in the devolatilization.The correlation of diffusion coefficient of acetone in highly viscous dilute solution was proposed.The relative error between predicted and experimental data was within the range of ± 30% for diffusion coefficient of acetone in syrup.A comparison of experimental data of RPB with model indicated that the relative error was within ± 30% for efficiency of acetone removal.

Catalytic decomposition and mass transfer of aqueous ozone promoted by Fe-Mn-Cu/γ-Al2O_(3) in a rotating packed bed

This study investigated catalytic decomposition and mass transfer of aqueous ozone promoted by Fe-MnCu/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)(Cat)in a rotating packed bed(RPB)for the first time.The results showed that the value of the overall decomposition rate constant of ozone(K_(c))and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient(K_(L)a)are 4.28×10^(-3) s^(-1) and 11.60×10^(-3) s^(-1) respectively at an initial pH of 6,βof 40,Co3(g)of 60 mg·L^(-1)and Q_(L) of 85 L·h^(-1) in deionized water,respectively.Meanwhile,the K_(c) and K_(L)a values of Fenhe water are0.88×10^(-3) s^(-1) and 2.51×10^(-3) s^(-1) lower than deionized water,respectively.In addition,the K_(c) and K_(L)a values in deionized water for the Cat/O_(3)-RPB system are 44.86%and 47.41%higher than that for the Cat/O_(3)-BR(bubbling reactor)system,respectively,indicating that the high gravity technology can facilitate the decomposition and mass transfer of ozone in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and provide some insights into the industrial wastewater.

Liquid-solid mass transfer in a rotating packed bed reactor with structured foam packing

A rotating packed bed(RPB) reactor has substantially potential for the process intensification of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. However, the scarce knowledge of the liquid–solid mass transfer in the RPB reactor is a barrier for its design and scale-up. In this work, the liquid–solid mass transfer in a RPB reactor installed with structured foam packing was experimentally studied using copper dissolution by potassium dichromate. Effects of rotational speed, liquid and gas volumetric flow rate on the liquid–solid mass transfer coefficient(kLS) have been investigated. The correlation for predicting kLSwas proposed, and the deviation between the experimental and predicted values was within±12%. The liquid–solid volumetric mass transfer coefficient(kLSaLS) ranged from 0.04–0.14 1^-1, which was approximately 5 times larger than that in the packed bed reactor. This work lays the foundation for modeling of the RPB reactor packed with structured foam packing for heterogeneous catalytic reaction.

Mass transfer characteristics in a rotating packed bed with split packing

The rotating packed bed （RPB） with split packing is a novel gas-liquid contactor, which intensifies the mass transfer processes controlled by gas-side resistance. To assess its efficacy, the mass transfer characteristics with adjacent rings in counter-rotation and co-rotation modes in a split packing RPB were studied experimentally. The physical absorption system NH3-H2O was used for characterizing the gas volumetric mass transfer coeffi- cient （kyae） and the effective inteffacial area （ae） was determined by chemical absorption in the CO2-NaOH sys- tem. The variation in kyae and ae with the operating conditions is also investigated. The experimental results indicated that kyae and ae for counter-rotation of the adjacent packing rings in the split packing RPB were higher than those for co-rotation, and both counter-rotation and co-rotation of the split packing RPB were superior over conventional RPBs under the similar ooerating conditions.

Comparison of Mass Transfer Characteristics between Countercurrent-Flow and Crosscurrent-Flow Rotating Packed Bed

The rotating packed bed(RPB), mainly including the countercurrent-flow RPB(Counter-RPB) and the crosscurrentflow RPB(Cross-RPB) that are classified from the perspective of gas-liquid contact style, is a novel process intensification device. A significant measurement standard for evaluating the performance of RPB is the mass transfer effect. In order to compare the mass transfer characteristics of Counter-RPB and Cross-RPB with the same size, the liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient(k_La_e) and effective interfacial area(a_e) were measured under identical operating conditions. Meanwhile, the comparison of comprehensive mass transfer performance was conducted using the ratio of ΔP(pressure drop) to kLae as the standard. Experimental results indicated that kLae and ae increased with the increase in liquid spray density q, gas velocity u, and high gravity factor β. Furthermore, compared with the Cross-RPB, the Counter-RPB has higher liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient and slightly larger effective interfacial area. The experimental results of comprehensive mass transfer performance showed that the Counter-RPB had higher ΔP/k_La_e than the Cross-RPB with changes in liquid spray density and high gravity factor, and there exists a turning point at 0.71 m/s accompanied by a variation with gas velocity. Moreover, the relative error of experimental value to calculated value, which was computed by the correlative expressions of kLae, was less than 5 %. In conclusion, the mass transfer characteristics of RPB are deeply impacted by the manner in which the flows are established and the Cross-RPB would have a great potential for industrial scale-up applications.

Experimental researches on mass and heat transfer in new typical cross-flow rotating packed bed

New typical cross-flow Rotating Packed Bed(RPB)called multi-pulverizing RPB was manufactured.There is enough void in multi-pulverizing RPB,where liquid easily flows and is repeatedly pulverized by light packing,which decreases the material consumed,lightens the weight,and compacts the structure.Mass and heat transfer property in the new type PRB were studied by two experimental models.In the mass transfer model,the axial fan pumping gas press is only 100 Pa,mass transfer coefficient and volumetric mass transfer coefficient are similar to countercurrent RPB,which are an order quantity lager than that in the conventional packed tower.In the heat transfer experiment,the axial fan pumping gas press is only 120 Pa;volumetric heatwhich especially suits the treatment of large gas flow and lower gas pressure drop.

Process Intensification of VOC Removal from High Viscous Media by Rotating Packed Bed

The removal of a volatile organic compound (VOC) from high viscous liquid was carried out in a rotat-ing packed bed (RPB) in this study. The mixed liquid of syrup and acetone was used as simulated high viscous polymer solution with acetone as the volatile compound. The influence of the rotating speed of RPB, liquid viscos-ity, liquid flow rate, vacuum degree, and initial acetone content in the liquid on acetone removal efficiency was in-vestigated. The experimental results indicated that the removal efficiency increased with increasing rotating speed and initial acetone content in the viscous liquid and decreased with increasing liquid viscosity and flow rate. It was also observed that acetone removal efficiency increased with an increasing vacuum degree and reached 58% at a vacuum degree of 0.1 MPa. By the comparison with a flash tank devolatilizer, it was found that acetone removal ef-ficiency in RPB increased by about 67%.

Computational fluid dynamic simulation of gas-liquid flow in rotating packed bed:A review

The rotating packed bed(RPB)has been widely used in gas-liquid flow systems as a process intensification device,exhibiting excellent mass transfer enhancement characteristics.However,the complex internal structure and the high-speed rotation of the rotor in RPB bring significant challenges to study the intensification mechanism by experiment methods.In the past two decades,Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)has been gradually applied to simulate the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics in RPB and instruct the reactor design.This article covers the development of the CFD simulation of gasliquid flow in RPB.Firstly,the improvement of the simulation method in the aspect of mathematical models,geometric models,and solving methods is introduced.Secondly,new progress of CFD simulation about hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics in RPB is reviewed,including pressure drop,velocity distribution,flow pattern,and concentration distribution,etc.Some new phenomena such as the end effect area with the maximum turbulent have been revealed by this works.In addition,the exploration of developing new reactor structures by CFD simulation is introduced and it is proved that such new structures are competitive to different applications.The defects of current research and future development directions are also discussed at last.

A two-stage blade-packing rotating packed bed for intensification of continuous distillation

A two-stage blade-packing rotating packed bed(TSBP-RPB) was designed and developed for the intensification of continuous distillation. The mass transfer parameters of the TSBP-RPB were investigated using a chemisorption system. Continuous distillation experiments were conducted in the TSBP-RPB by the methanol–water binary system. Experimental results showed that values of the effective interfacial area and liquid-side mass transfer coefficient of the TSBP-RPB were 93–337 m^2·m^(-3) and 0.05–0.19 cm·s^(-1), respectively. The height of equivalent theoretical plate(HETP) of the TSBP-RPB ranged from 1.9 to 10 cm. Moreover, the TSBP-RPB is easy to be manufactured, which shows great potential for the application of continuous distillation.

Mass transfer performance of structured packings in a CO_2 absorption tower

This paper studies the mass transfer performance of structured packings in the absorption of CO2 from air with aqueous Na OH solution. The Eight structured packings tested are sheet metal ones with corrugations of different geometry parameters. Effective mass transfer area and overall gas phase mass transfer coefficient have been measured in an absorption column of 200 mm diameter under the conditions of gas F-factor in 0.38–1.52 Pa0.5and aqueous Na OH solution concentration of 0.10–0.15 kmol·m-3. The effects of gas/liquid phase flow rates and packing geometry parameters are also investigated. The results show that the effective mass transfer area changes not only with packing geometry parameters and liquid load, but also with gas F-factor. A new effective mass transfer area correlation on the gas F-factor and the liquid load was proposed, which is found to fit experiment data very well.

Research and development of advanced structured packing in a rotating packed bed

As the core component of the rotating packing bed,packing is a place for efficient gas–liquid mixing and mass transfer.In this paper,a 3D structured packing composed of a mesh structure and a support structure was designed.The mesh structure is a ring-shaped mesh surrounded by triangular meshes,which is stable in structure and can achieve a high degree of dispersion and aggregation of the liquid phase.The support structure is composed of ring-shaped structural units arranged at a certain angle along the axial direction,which can enhance the turbulence of the airflow while constructing regular gas-phase channels.Circumferential steel meshes of different diameters and supporting structures are alternately combined to form 3D packing,which is loaded in a layered cross-flow rotating packing bed.The results show that under the same operating conditions,the mass transfer performance of 3D packing and wire mesh packing are equivalent,and both are better than pall ring packing.Moreover,the pressure drop of 3D packing is significantly lower than that of pall ring packing and wire mesh packing.The design and implementation of packing the development presented in this paper can be used to develop special structured packing for rotating bed,which can further improve the performance of rotating packed bed(RPB).

功能性填料在超重力旋转填料床中的应用和研究进展

填料作为旋转填料床的核心部件,是物料微观混合和传质反应过程发生的重要场所。填料的结构、材质组成、填装方式决定了填料的功能性,进而直接影响到旋转填料床的传质性能、使用寿命和应用范围,故而增强填料的功能性显得尤为重要。功能性填料通过改变常用填料的表面性质、调节形态、设计结构等手段,使填料具有如吸附、催化、疏水等的功能特性,在提高旋转填料床的性能和运行效果方面表现出优异的成效。综述了在旋转填料床中功能性填料的主要分类与特点,总结分析了近年来功能性散装填料和规整填料在旋转填料床中的应用情况,从增强传质特性和改善液体流动行为方面分析了填料功能特性的体现,并对功能性填料的发展方向和工业化前景做出了展望。

Removal of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds with sodium hypochlorite and surfactant in a co-current rotating packed bed

A co-current flow rotating packed bed was applied to remove volatile organic compounds（VOCs） by sodium hypochlorite（Na Cl O） and surfactant（sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate,SDBS） from air stream. Xylene was used as a model VOC herein. The effect of p H,concentration of Na Cl O and SDBS solution, liquid flow rate, gas flow rate and rotational speed on xylene removal efficiency and overall mass transfer coefficient（KGa） were discussed. Then, a correlation for KGa of the co-current rotating packed bed was proposed by fitting the experimental data of KGa and independent variables of liquid/gas ratio,rotational speed, p H, Na Cl O concentration and treatment time, which was in good agreement with the experimental data（the deviation ≤ ± 30%）.

超重力场内气液传质强化研究进展

气液传质过程广泛存在于化学工业当中。气液传质强化技术的研究,对缩短工艺流程、缩小设备尺寸、降低投资和运行成本等具有重要的意义。以旋转床为核心装备的超重力技术,是气液传质过程强化的有效技术之一。经过30多年的发展,超重力过程强化技术在基础和应用研究方面都取得了长足的进展,特别是在受混合和传递限制的过程中得到广泛应用。本文从旋转床转子结构出发,综述了整体旋转式、双动盘式、动静结合式等转子结构的超重力旋转床气液传质强化的研究进展和理论成果,并展望了超重力旋转床气液强化传质的发展方向。

多孔波纹板错流旋转床的传质性能

以CO2-NaOH为介质,研究了两种板间距填料结构的传质性能。结果表明:多孔波纹板错流旋转床的体积传质系数在相近的操作条件下分别比文献丝网错流旋转床高0.95～2.1倍、比逆流旋转床略低,比传统气液传质设备高1～2个数量级。应用MATLAB语言编制应用程序对实验数据的回归分析得出了体积传质系数的关联式。

撞击流-旋转填料床萃取器传质性能研究

以磷酸三丁酯 (煤油 ) -苯酚 -水为试验体系 ,研究了IS -RPB萃取器的传质性能。在研究主要操作参数对萃取级效率影响的基础上 ,确定了最适宜的操作条件 ,得到了 97%以上萃取级效率。试验结果表明 ,撞击流

超重力旋转填充床用于高黏聚合物脱挥的研究进展

针对高黏聚合物体系脱挥过程的特点,指出聚合物脱挥技术推广的关键是开发高速表面更新的新型高效传质设备。工业上常规的脱挥设备存在不同的使用限制,本文提出了设计新型旋转填充床用于高黏聚合物脱挥的可能性,并类比螺杆挤出机结构介绍其脱挥机理。结果表明,相比常规的脱挥设备,旋转填充床脱挥效率高,能耗低。采用该技术对丙烯腈系聚合物进行两次循环脱挥处理,丙烯腈脱除率达到99%以上。在脱挥过程中,解吸的挥发分气体在第一时间离开填料层,并迅速由真空泵抽走,防止了挥发分的二次溶解。

化学吸收法测定多级离心雾化旋转填料床有效相界面积及体积传质系数

对多级离心雾化旋转填料床的有效相界表面积及体积传质系数，用化学吸收法做了实验测量。实验结果表明：多级离心雾化旋转填料床不仅具有超低气阻，而且可产生良好的喷雾扩展相界面积的作用，体积传质系数比传统填料塔提高一个数量级，接近气液逆流型旋转填料床。多级离心雾化旋转填料床开拓了新的气液传热传质途径。

超重力旋转床中的传质研究

超重力旋转床是80年代出现的新型传质设备,该设备利用远大于重力的离心力,极大地强化了气液或液固间的接触,增强了传质效果.在相同的传质条件下,与重力场中的设备相比,该设备的体积小、操作强度大、体积传质系数K_(La)大,可广泛适用于各种气液传质.也适用于液固传质.理论研究由传统的重力作用下的传质发展到超重力场作用下的传质.本文对近年来关于超重力旋转床中的液膜厚度、比表面积、传质系数等的研究结果作了综述、分析和研究.