Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduce...Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduced mass as the substitution of original electron mass is stressed. Based on new cognition about the essence of special relativity, we provide a reasonable argument for the reduced Dirac equation to have two symmetries, the invariance under the （newly defined） space-time inversion and that under the pure space inversion, in a noninertial frame. By using the reduced Dirac equation and within the framework of quantum electrodynamics in covariant form, the Lamb shift can be evaluated （at one-loop level） as the radiative correction on a bound electron staying in an off-mass-shell state^a new approach eliminating the infrared divergence. Hence the whole calculation, though with limited accuracy, is simplified, getting rid of all divergences and free of ambiguity.展开更多
采用热重-质谱联用（TG-MS）研究了氮气气氛中花生壳在不同升温速率（5,10和20℃/min）下的热解行为,分析得到了花生壳热裂解过程产生的小分子气相产物（CO2,CH4,H2,CO）随温度和升温速率变化的释放规律.结果表明：花生壳热裂解过程分...采用热重-质谱联用（TG-MS）研究了氮气气氛中花生壳在不同升温速率（5,10和20℃/min）下的热解行为,分析得到了花生壳热裂解过程产生的小分子气相产物（CO2,CH4,H2,CO）随温度和升温速率变化的释放规律.结果表明：花生壳热裂解过程分为四个阶段,升温速率越大,花生壳热解的失重温度区间越宽,最大热解速率峰越陡峭.应用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法得出花生壳热裂解过程不同转化率（0.2~0.8）下的活化能在57.3~88.6 k J/mol范围内.结合Achar微分法和Coats-Redfern积分法确定了该反应过程的机理函数表达式,将30种常用机理函数一一代入得出花生壳热裂解机理的最概然函数为球形对称的三维扩散Jander方程,反应级数为2级.展开更多
文摘Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduced mass as the substitution of original electron mass is stressed. Based on new cognition about the essence of special relativity, we provide a reasonable argument for the reduced Dirac equation to have two symmetries, the invariance under the （newly defined） space-time inversion and that under the pure space inversion, in a noninertial frame. By using the reduced Dirac equation and within the framework of quantum electrodynamics in covariant form, the Lamb shift can be evaluated （at one-loop level） as the radiative correction on a bound electron staying in an off-mass-shell state^a new approach eliminating the infrared divergence. Hence the whole calculation, though with limited accuracy, is simplified, getting rid of all divergences and free of ambiguity.
文摘采用热重-质谱联用（TG-MS）研究了氮气气氛中花生壳在不同升温速率（5,10和20℃/min）下的热解行为,分析得到了花生壳热裂解过程产生的小分子气相产物（CO2,CH4,H2,CO）随温度和升温速率变化的释放规律.结果表明：花生壳热裂解过程分为四个阶段,升温速率越大,花生壳热解的失重温度区间越宽,最大热解速率峰越陡峭.应用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法得出花生壳热裂解过程不同转化率（0.2~0.8）下的活化能在57.3~88.6 k J/mol范围内.结合Achar微分法和Coats-Redfern积分法确定了该反应过程的机理函数表达式,将30种常用机理函数一一代入得出花生壳热裂解机理的最概然函数为球形对称的三维扩散Jander方程,反应级数为2级.
