Discussion on the Fundamental Role of Traditional Culture in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine--Using Ophthalmology As An Example

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was developed from and is rooted in traditional Chinese culture.Nowadays,the Chinese state attaches great importance to the development of TCM and has implemented a series of policies and measures.This paper first demonstrates the rationality of the view that"traditional culture plays a fundamental role in the development of TCM",and analyzes the influence of traditional culture on the development of TCM from the perspective of philosophy and religion,in order to have a deeper understanding of the formation and development process of TCM.Finally,taking ophthalmology of TCM as an example,this paper discusses the importance of the continual inheritance of traditional culture and development of TCM.

Intra-set correlation analysis of medical records of thyroid cancer treated by traditional Chinese medicine Master ZHOU Zhongying

Objective Based on intra-set correlation analysis, this paper deconstructs the clinical medical records of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Master ZHOU Zhongying in treating thyroid cancer, and analyzes the experience in “mechanism-syndrome-medicine-prescription” for thyroid cancer.Methods Through Medcase data processing platform, based on Frequent Pattern(FP)-Growth enhanced correlation analysis algorithm, the medical records of Professor ZHOU Zhongying for the treatment of thyroid cancer from June 1, 2001 to February 28, 2015 were analyzed within the set.Results This study involved 43 medical records, 43 patients, and 167 visits. After processing intra-set correlations, 28 groups of highly correlated symptoms, 21 groups of highly correlated tongue images, 10 groups of highly correlated pulse conditions, 28 groups of highly correlated pathogenesis, 34 groups of highly correlated herbs, and 26 groups of highly correlated western medicine diagnosis were selected. Professor ZHOU Zhongying treats thyroid cancer according to syndrome differentiation. Symptoms with more association rules included neck swelling, neck pain, cough, and dry mouth;tongue images with more association rules included dark purple tongue, dark red tongue, and fissured tongue;pulse conditions with more association rules were wiry pulse, thready pulse, small pulse, and slippery pulse;the pathogenesis with more association rules was phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation,and impairment of both Qi and Yin;herbs with more association rules were Chaihu(Bupleuri Radix), Zeqi(Sun Euphoribiae Herb), and Tiandong(Asparagi Radix);western medicine diagnosis with more association rules included thyroid cancer, insomnia, and chronic gastritis.Conclusion Thyroid cancer mostly presents as deficiency in origin and excess in manifestations. The basic pathogenesis is phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation, and impairment of both Qi and Yin, which are closely related to liver, kidney, and spleen. Professor ZHOU Zhongying adopts both attack and supplement approaches as the general treatment principle, with a strong emphasis on regulating Qi and relieving depression, eliminating phlegm and resolving stagnation, eliminating dampness and turbidity, clearing fire and destroying poison, moistening dryness and softening hard mass, invigorating Qi and nourishing Yin, and paying attention to nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating spleen and stomach,while protecting the heart and lungs.

Traditional Chinese medicine Master XIONG Jibo’s medication experience in treating arthralgia syndrome through data mining

Objective This study aimed to examine and propagate the medication experience and group formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Master XIONG Jibo in diagnosing and treat-ing arthralgia syndrome(AS)through data mining.Methods Data of outpatient cases of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018,along with cases recorded in A Real Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctor:XIONG Jibo's Clinical Medical Record 1,which was published in December 2019.The five variables collected from the patients’data were TCM diagnostic information,TCM and western medicine diagnoses,syndrome,treatment,and prescription.A database was established for the collected data with Excel.Using the Python environment,a custom-ized modified natural language processing(NLP)model for the diagnosis and treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo was established to preprocess the data and to analyze the word cloud.Frequency analysis,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,and visual analysis of AS cases were performed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(V3.0)and RStudio(V4.0.3).Results A total of 610 medical records of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from the case database.A total of 103 medical records were included after data screening criteria,which comprised 187 times(45 kinds)of prescriptions and 1506 times(125 kinds)of Chinese herbs.The main related meridians were the liver,spleen,and kidney meridians.The properties of Chinese herbs used most were mainly warm,flat,and cold,while the flavors of herbs were mainly bitter,pungent,and sweet.The main patterns of AS included the damp heat,phlegm stasis,and neck arthralgia.The most commonly used herbs for AS were Chuanniuxi(Cyathu-lae Radix),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),and Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).The most common effect of the herbs was“promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis”,followed by“supple-menting deficiency(Qi supplementing,blood supplementing,and Yang supplementing)”,and“dispelling wind and dampness”.The data were analyzed with the support≥15%and con-fidence=100%,and after de-duplication,five second-order association rules,39 third-order association rules,39 fourth-order association rules,and two fifth-order association rules were identified.The top-ranking association rules of each were“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)+Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”and“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)+Huangbo(Phello-dendri Chinensis Cortex)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”,respectively.Five clusters were obtained using cluster analysis of the top 30 herbs.The herbs were mainly dry-ing dampness,supplementing Qi,and promoting blood circulation.The main prescriptions of AS were Ermiao San(二妙散),Gegen Jianghuang San(葛根姜黄散),and Huangqi Chongteng Yin(黄芪虫藤饮).The herbs of core prescription included Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Mugua(Chaenomelis Fructus),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macro-phyllae Radix),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen).Conclusion Clearing heat and dampness,relieving collaterals and pain,and invigorating Qi and blood are the most commonly used therapies for the treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo.Additionally,customized NLP model could improve the efficiency of data mining in TCM.

Interpretation of the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Jiangxi based on"unified coldness and warmness"

`Since the outbreak of COVID-19,various regions have introduced their own TCM prevention and treatment methods.However,there are two opposing views on the nature of cold and temperature.Since modern times,the thought of the unification of cold and temperature has developed rapidly,and many doctors gradually realized the importance and practicability of the unification of cold and temperature,and began to advocate the unification of cold and temperature syndrome.The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Jiangxi was developed by Professor Wu Bingcai,a master of Chinese medicine,based on the unified idea of cold and temperature,according to the characteristics of humid climate in Jiangxi,and in combination with the characteristics of COVID-19,the anti-toxin prescription for dispelling cold and desiccating dampness and the anti-toxin prescription for clearing heat and dehumidifying,which achieved exact and satisfactory results in clinical application.

《普济方》中医眼科外治法及外用处方考略

《普济方》是中国古代最大方书之一,于1406年由明朝周定王朱橚组织编撰,原书已散佚不全,现存版本为清初《四库全书》重新编次整理本。本文以1959年人民卫生出版社出版排印本《普济方》为研究对象,以《普济方》著者、成书、主要内容和特色价值为研究背景,概述明以前中医眼科外治法及外用药发展源流,重点探讨《普济方》中眼科外治法及外用方药收录情况、收方特色和学术价值。《普济方》广泛收集了明初以前眼科外治法及外用方药,其中有明确出处者729首,来源于51部自汉至明代的各类医籍,其中包含了10余部今已亡佚不存、或著者成书均已不详的稀有中医古籍。深入研究《普济方》所载中医眼科外治法及外用方剂,对认识古代中医眼科外治法的发展史,了解传统眼科外治技术的演变、眼科外用药的选择、眼科经典方剂和新药研发等方面都具有极为重要的学术意义和实践价值。

中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生培养模式探究

为进一步提升中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生的传承和创新能力,根据中国当前中医风湿病学专硕研究生的培养现状,提出了一个以“传承+创新”为导向的中医风湿病学培养体系.该体系主要包括:强化中医“经典”学习,传承中医药文化;深化科研创新能力培养;加强中西医结合知识体系构建;发挥导师引导作用;合理规划科室轮转时间.多管齐下,与时俱进,培养高校人才.研究结果可为相关院校优化及创新中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生培养模式提供参考.

从“气化”浅述国医大师葛琳仪运用风药治疗脾胃病之学术思想

[目的]介绍国医大师葛琳仪教授(以下简称葛教授)分层次施用风药辨治脾胃病的临床特色及其临证经验。[方法]通过理论溯源,跟师随诊,整理并分析葛教授基于气化理论运用风药治疗脾胃系疾病的临床医案,总结葛教授巧施风药辨治脾胃病的思路、心得和用药特色,并附医案一则加以佐证。[结果]气化是生命的基本活动,气化异常是疾病产生的重要原因。葛教授指出,脾胃病的基本病机是“气化异常”,常从“气化”切入,巧施风药以调畅气机,恢复脾升胃降功能,维稳五脏气机,具体分为四个层次:以风药疏肝和脾、壮气运脾、燥湿健脾以及搜风通络养脾。常用的风药有柴胡、防风、黄芪、升麻、佛手、紫苏梗、苍术、娑罗子、桑叶、藿香、草果、厚朴、佩兰、徐长卿、炒僵蚕等及其组成的药对、药串。[结论]葛教授临证精于辨证,从“气”切入,按不同层次巧施风药治疗脾胃病,特色鲜明,疗效显著,其学术思想值得临床借鉴和推广。

国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻用药规律探究

对国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻病案进行数据挖掘,分析熊继柏教授诊治泄泻的用药经验。基于中医传承辅助平台软件(V3.0),归纳和分析熊继柏教授在湖南中医药大学第一附属医院治疗泄泻患者的门诊病历数据,利用该平台软件的关联规则、复杂系统熵聚类等统计方法进行数据挖掘和分析,总结药物的性味、归经、应用频次、舌脉象频次及药对组合,通过结合熊继柏教授对泄泻病因病机、治则治法的认识,明确核心用药,探索国医大师的诊治规律及用药规律;且以验案举例说明。通过总结分析,共纳入病历168份,处方中用药频次较多的有砂仁、厚朴、黄连、木香、甘草、茯苓、白术、陈皮、半夏、西洋参,药性以温、平、寒为主,药味偏苦、辛、甘,归经多为脾胃经,归纳出治疗泄泻的主方为香砂六君子汤和连朴饮。国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻以“健脾理气,清热燥湿”为治疗原则,在香砂六君子汤和连朴饮的基础上进行辨证论治,加减化裁。

雷火灸摆阵配合电刺激治疗盆腔肌筋膜痛的临床护理效果

目的观察雷火灸摆阵疗法配合电刺激治疗盆腔肌筋膜疼痛的临床护理措施。方法选取贵港市中西医结合骨科医院于2019年1月—2020年6月收治的盆腔肌筋膜疼痛患者58例,依据随机单盲方法将患者分为2组,各29例。所有患者均应用雷火灸摆阵疗法配合电刺激治疗,在治疗的同时,对照组采取常规护理,观察组实施针对性护理。对2组疼痛评分、满意度等进行综合分析,评估不同方案对患者的影响。结果观察组护理1、2周,疼痛评分分别为(4.2±1.0)分、(3.5±0.9)分,明显低于对照组的(4.8±1.2)分、(4.2±1.1)分(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为3.45%,低于对照组的20.69%(P<0.05)。护理满意度为93.10%,高于对照组的72.41%(P<0.05)。护理3周后盆腔功能障碍评分为(9.2±1.4)分,低于对照组(15.6±1.6)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雷火灸摆阵联合电刺激是治疗盆腔肌筋膜疼痛的有效方案,在治疗中配合针对性护理方案,能减轻患者的痛苦,提升护理满意度,改善盆腔的功能。

膝骨关节炎五种中医证候程度与膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级、磁共振Recht分级的相关性研究

目的:研究膝骨关节炎五种中医证候程度与膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级、磁共振Recht分级的相关性。方法:选取160例膝骨关节炎不同证候患者的中医证候评分量表量化证候程度,膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级,软骨退变的磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)Recht分级并统计分析各组间的相关性。结果:将膝骨关节炎五种中医证候患者的中医证候评分量表量化证候程度与膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级、MRI下软骨退变的Recht分级绘制散点图。五种中医证候程度与膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级的相关性分析:肝肾亏虚型(r=0.895,P<0.01),痰瘀互结型(r=0.545,P<0.05),气血两虚型(r=0.748,P<0.01,)两者相关性具有统计学意义。五种中医证候程度与MRI下软骨退变的Recht分级的相关性分析:肝肾亏虚型(r=0.839,P<0.01),痰瘀互结型(r=0.572,P<0.01),气血两虚型(r=0.898,P<0.01)两者相关性具有统计学意义。结论:膝骨关节炎不同证候患者膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级,软骨退变的磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) Recht分级呈现不同相关程度,其中肝肾亏虚、痰瘀互结、气血两虚型患者的证候程度能反映的膝关节Kellgren-Lawrence的X线分级、MRI下软骨损伤的分级的严重程度,通过研究我们可以发现,中医的辨证分型和西医的影像学分级在某些方面存在一定的相关性,这可能意味着中医和西医在治疗膝骨关节炎方面有共同的目标和策略。

乳腺癌“应激治乳”新理论的构建与临床应用探讨

应激是生物体对内、外源性刺激的一种非特异的适应性反应,有助于维持机体内环境稳态。然而当应激反应的程度超过机体适应阈值,即可诱发多种疾病。乳腺癌发病率和死亡率高居女性恶性肿瘤前列,乳腺病领域首位国医大师林毅教授创立“六郁治乳”理论,认为六郁是乳腺癌发生发展的核心病机,而六郁与机体应激反应系统密切相关,中医药在调整应激稳态平衡领域有特色优势。该文基于中医经典理论、“六郁治乳”理论及现代应激理论,提出“应激治乳”学说,阐释应激因素介导乳腺癌发生发展的病机特性、致病特点、分子机制,提出基于应激稳态调控的核心思想和辨治原则,总结“应激治乳”理论指导下的遣方用药。“应激治乳”理论的构建丰富了中医乳腺癌理论体系,有望为改善乳腺癌患者的临床预后提供新路径。

非标准化考试教学改革在中医眼科学的探索与实践

目的探索中医眼科学非标准化考试模式的方法与效果。方法对中医学本科专业学生实行非标准化考试的教学改革,贯穿翻转课堂,启发式讲授、病案式导入等教学方式,采用多元化的形成性评价形式,结合终结性评价模式。结果参与非标准化教学改革的学生90.1%对充分肯定教师教学形式及考核方法的合理性及有效性,95.5%对中医眼科学的教学总体满意度积极肯定。结论中医眼科学的非标准化考试教学改革有利于更加合理、全面的评价教师与学生的教与学成果,提升高等中医学教学质量。

借鉴师承教育模式探索闽医萧氏学术流派的生存与发展

闽医萧氏学术流派是福建省萧氏在长期临床实践历程中形成的,拥有独特的学术理论和临床经验,具有区域性特色的中医外科流派。中医师承教育在中医学术流派传承过程中发挥了很大作用,文章分别从闽医萧氏学术流派传承发展情况、存在的主要问题及发展建议等方面报告了研究结果,拟通过借鉴师承教育模式的优势探索出一条更适合闽医萧氏学术流派的生存与发展之道,以期发扬传承闽医学术流派优势特色理论与临床经验。

基于两性一度标准的中医内科学线上线下混合式课程建设探讨

新时代的教学模式逐渐由以教师为中心转变为以学生为中心,学生获得的知识和信息呈现出碎片化、丰富化的特点。因此,线上线下混合式教学法可以更有效地组织学生学习。在教学活动中,采用在线教学与线下教学充分结合的混合式教育,可以提高中医内科学课程的整体教学质量。作为一种基于互联网信息技术发展的新型教学方法,线上线下混合式教学在中医内科学课程中的应用取得了良好的效果。文章对“两性一度”标准的中医内科学线上线下混合式教学进行了探讨,侧重于课间在线独立预习,课堂对重点知识的深入讲解,以及在线上线下结合基础上对中医内科学知识点的讨论。

眼底血症诊疗优势的传承与创新

气、血、津液相互依存,通过“脏腑”功能而呈现的重要调节作用与“肝开窍于目”更为紧密。肝受血而能视,一旦气机受阻,目睛当先受损,导致眼底血症即眼底出血性病变。基于此理论,开展的多因性心、脑、肾“全身血脉瘀滞与眼底血症”“眼底血症与全身血脉瘀滞”双向性研究,证实气、血、痰、湿的“病-证”关系;利用眼科影像学技术及实验研究,证实了眼底血症核心病机为脉络瘀阻病,依次引起气滞血瘀致出血瘀血、痰湿内停致眼底渗出水肿,痰瘀互结致痰湿与瘀血交融“标志性”演变特点。通过对比性应用研究证实了益气活血法对早期糖尿病视网膜病变的优效性及健脾益肾、化痰利湿联合抗血管内皮生长因子对黄斑水肿中西融合疗效。综上研究,遵循了古人“气血”“脏腑”基础理论,为病证结合、精准辨病、量效参合诊疗模式提供了科学依据,为传承创新眼底血症诊疗体系开辟了更为宽广的诊疗措施。

中医硕士专业学位研究生培训基地调查分析

文章调查了23个住院医师规范化培训基地中医专硕的招生培养、硬件建设情况,发现培训基地对于住院医师规范化培训的组织管理体系完善,拥有一支高水平的临床带教师资队伍,为研究生学习提供了良好的硬件环境,保障了研究生住院医师规范化培训的质量,研究生结业考核通过率高。但也存在研究生学习有待适应、研究生招生规模与基地培训容量不协调、基地间的培训质量差异较大等问题。

中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症患者疼痛及功能康复的影响

目的研究探讨中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症患者疼痛及功能康复的影响。方法选取2021年6月—2023年6月本院收治的100例腰突症患者为对象,随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,每组50例。对照组以常规护理干预结合中药热敷干预,观察组在此基础上增加中医特色健康管理模式干预。评估对比两组中医症状评分、疼痛程度、康复效果、不良事件发生率。结果观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时中医症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时视觉模拟评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时日本骨科协会评估治疗评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率6.00%,低于对照组的22.00%(P<0.05)。结论中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症效果良好,缓解中医症状和疼痛程度,恢复腰椎功能,降低各种不良事件发生。

张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验

心力衰竭是大多数心血管疾病的终末阶段,也是主要的死亡原因。张伯礼教授临证数十载,对于治疗慢性心力衰竭具有丰富的临床经验。本文整理张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验,浅析该病的病因病机、遣方用药,以期体悟张伯礼教授在诊疗此病时的中医临床思维。

基于中西医临床病证特点的免疫性血小板减少动物模型分析

原发免疫性血小板减少(ITP)是一种出血性疾病,发病机制目前尚不明确,为了进一步探究ITP发病机制和临床新药的研究,故通过查阅大量国内外关于免疫性血小板减少模型的相关文献,参照中西医病因病机和临床疾病诊断标准,总结分析ITP相关动物模型特点和与临床吻合度。发现应用最为广泛的是抗血小板血清诱导法,其临床吻合度与病证结合脾不统血、气不摄血模型吻合度均较高,模型造模方式简单,可重复性强。但大多数模型将西医作为评价指标,模型无法完全模拟ITP完整发病过程和状态,缺少中医证候描述,在模型发展仍需进一步完善。

广东省中医人力资源的公平性及空间分布趋势研究

[目的]探索广东省中医人力资源的配置现状以及空间分布趋势,为促进医疗卫生体制改革的发展提供参考。[方法]采用集聚度指标评价中医人力资源配置的公平性,并运用全局和局部空间自相关Morans I指数分析广东省21个地市中医人力资源的空间差异程度。[结果]2014-2021年,广东省中医人力资源总体呈增长趋势;中医人力资源按人口配置与按地理范围配置的公平性存在差距,且地区间呈现较大差异,广州、珠海等卫生资源集聚度与人口集聚度的比值最大,汕尾、潮州等比值最小;中医人力资源全局空间聚集水平略有下降,江门市高-高聚集,汕尾市低-低聚集,差异有统计学意义。[结论]广东省中医人力资源空间分布差距总体呈现下降趋势,但地市间仍有明显差距,建议政府发挥导向作用,结合多方面因素合理配置中医资源,促进各地区间协同发展。