Discussion and Practice on Talent Cultivation Model Based on OBE Concept in Veterinary Medicine Graduate Education

To address the challenges in training veterinary master’s students,it is essential to align with the core objectives of veterinary graduate education.This involves focusing on faculty development,course design,innovative teaching methods,university-industry collaboration,and reforming the evaluation system.By applying the outcome-based education model,new approaches to veterinary graduate training can be developed,particularly for applied talent development in agricultural universities serving local communities.This innovative model emphasizes ideological and political education,aiming to enhance students’abilities in knowledge and practical innovation,preparing them to be well-rounded professionals.The goal is to cultivate senior veterinary experts who are not only skilled in academic research and scientific inquiry but also committed to advancing agriculture,rural areas,and supporting rural revitalization.This approach provides a valuable framework for fostering highly qualified graduates who are both technically proficient and socially responsible.

Teaching Research and Effect Observation on the Integration of Clinical Medicine Integrated Course and Ideological and Political Elements from the Perspective of“Sanquan Education”

Purpose:To analyze the application path of the integration of clinical medicine integrated courses with the elements of ideology and politics under the theory of“Sanquan Education,”and to provide references for the promotion of educational reform in medical schools.Methods:60 clinical medicine undergraduates at Jiamusi University in 2018 and 2019 were randomly selected as research subjects.On the basis of the analysis of students’characteristics and pre-study content,the students were divided into the integration group and the traditional group,each with 30 students.Students in the integration group carried out clinical medicine integrated class with the integration of ideological and political elements.Students in the traditional group carried out the traditional clinical medicine integrated class.Classroom evaluation scales,anonymous questionnaires,and interviews were used to conduct research,collect data,and compare and observe the application effects.Results:After carrying out different modes of clinical medicine integrated courses,the undergraduates of the Excellent Physician Class in the integration group were higher than those in the traditional group in terms of teaching satisfaction,comprehensive quality,basic knowledge test,and case analysis scores through questionnaire analysis(P<0.05).In the evaluation of the effect of ideological education,the undergraduates of the Excellent Physician Class of the integration group were higher than the traditional group in terms of the acceptance of doctor-patient communication,the correct rate of mastering the history of the discipline,and the correct rate of mastering the frontiers and policies(P<0.05).Conclusion:Through the integration of clinical medicine integrated course and ideological and political elements,we can help students establish correct values while teaching them professional knowledge,improve the implementation of moral education in medical schools,cultivate excellent medical workers with high morality and firm beliefs for the society,and realize the fundamental educational task of establishing morality and educating people in medical schools in the context of“Sanquan Education.”

Development of Chinese Medicine Education in the United States:Two Examples of Pacific College of Health and Science New York and Eastern School of Acupuncture and Traditional Medicine

Chinese medicine originated in China and has taken root all over the world.In the United States,Chinese medicine belongs to the category of complementary and alternative medicine and has a history of over 50 years as a recognized profession.The education of Chinese medicine is undoubtedly the foundation for the development and growth of Chinese medicine practice.In this article,we briefly introduced the history of acupuncture profession and its development in the United States.Pacific College of Health and Science New York and Eastern School of Acupuncture and Traditional Medicine were discussed and analyzed.This article aims to discuss two examples of acupuncture schools in the United States to provide an overview of the history and current development of Chinese medicine education in the United States.

Emergency department operations and management education in emergency medicine training

BACKGROUND:This study was undertaken to examine the current level of operations and management education within US-based Emergency Medicine Residency programs.METHODS:Residency program directors at all US-based Emergency Medicine Residency programs were anonymously surveyed via a web-based instrument.Participants indicated their levels of residency education dedicated to documentation,billing/coding,core measure/quality indicator compliance,and operations management.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for the ordinal data/Likert scales.RESULTS:One hundred and six(106)program directors completed the study instrument of one hundred and fifty-six(156)programs(70%).Of these,82.6%indicated emergency department(ED)operations and management education within the training curriculum.Dedicated documentation training was noted in all but 1 program(99%).Program educational offerings also included billing/coding(83%),core measure/quality indicators(78%)and operations management training(71%).In all areas,the most common means of educating came through didactic sessions and direct attending feedback or 69%-94%and 72%-98%respectively.Residency leadership was most confident with resident understanding of quality documentation(80%)and less so with core measures(72%),billing/coding/RVUs(58%),and operations management tools(23%).CONCLUSIONS:While most EM residency programs integrate basic operational education related to documentation and billing/coding,a smaller number provide focused education on the dayto-day management and operations of the ED.Residency leadership perceives graduating resident understanding of operational management tools to be limited.All respondents value further resident curriculum development of ED operations and management.

Study on Current Trends in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Australia and Policy Proposals of Internationalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Education in Future

With the rapid rise of China’s economy and the deployment of the Belt and Road Initiative,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),one of the main components of Chinese culture,has become an important aspect of foreign exchange.Therefore,recent research has focused on how to effectively spread TCM culture internationally and improve TCM acceptance.Australia is currently a representative region with decent TCM development.Taking TCM development in Australia as a starting point,this article analyzes the challenges in TCM development,discusses countermeasures to address these issues,and provides recommendations for improving the international development and dissemination of TCM.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in Malaysia:A Brief Historical Overview of Education and Research

The education and research of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in Malaysia started coincidentally circa Malaysia’s independence movement.Before the independence,much of the development focused on establishing treatment centers and Chinese medical halls to provide TCM treatment.Periodicals and journals advocating TCM and its advancement were published between the 1940s and 1960s,but many did not survive after a few issues.The challenge posed by the Immigration Ordinance 1952 further united TCM practitioners and TCM associations to establish the Chinese Medical Institute of Malaya.The trend gained momentum,and many educational institutes were set up in each of Malaysia.From the 1970s,Malaysia started hosting regional and international TCM conferences.In 2000,TCM education in Malaysia had finally gained recognition from the government.ATCM program standard was thus released by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency(MQA).To date,there are seven private higher education institutions which offer TCM programs based on the MQA standards and have established international collaborations with other universities.It is projected that Malaysia’s TCM education and research will grow further as a result of China’s Belt and Road initiative.

Surgical and non-surgical education practices in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellowships within the United States

Data are scarce regarding surgical and non-surgical education in accredited Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) fellowships in theUnited States. We compared surgical and non-surgical and education among training programs and expected surgical comfort level with pelvic reconstructive procedures from the perspective of the fellow and program director. An online survey was distributed to program directors and fellows from the 39 accredited FPMRS fellowships at the time (2010). Domains evaluated in the survey were academic education requirements;surgical approaches to prolapse and to incontinence;other surgical procedures;and research and publication expectations. In total, forty fellows from 21 programs and directors from 27 programs. The most common surgical procedures performed for apical, anterior, and posterior prolapse were uterosacral ligament suspension, native tissue anterior colporrhaphy, and posterior colporrhaphy, respectively. Differences in perceived surgical comfort level were seen for coccygeus suspension, graftreinforced posterior colporrhaphy, rectus fascial sling, urethral bulking agent, cystoscopic ureteral stent placement and bowel repair. A greater proportion of program directors reported that fellows would be comfortable performing these procedures upon graduation than the proportion reported by the fellows themselves. Differences exist in FPMRS training nationwide, however, responding fellows appeared to be trained in multiple approaches to prolapse repair. Differences were seen in surgical comfort level as perceived by fellows and program directors.

Comparison of Chinese medicine higher education programs in China and five Western countries

Object:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been taught widely in the both Eastern and Western world countries.This study compared the origin,student source,duration,and curriculum design of TCM higher education programs in China and five Western countries.Method:We searched the Internet and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database to gather relevant information.Result:All the six countries offer acupuncture and/or Chinese herbal medicine programs at universities and/or private schools.However,there are great large differences among them in the education of curriculum and TCM students enrollment and curriculum policies of TCM courses.Conclusions:There are large differences among their curriculum and enrollment policies.This comparison should provide information about the further development of international standards in TCM education.

Historical Legacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Education in Canada:The Case of Henry C.Lu

This article begins with a review of the publications by Dr.Henry C.Lu,a Canadian-Chinese traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)scholar,educator and writer,and founder of a Vancouver-based TCM college.Dr.Lu has translated many TCM classics and written books extensively on TCM education,TCM clinical practice and Mandarin-Chinese grammar.Aside from his widespread prominence as one of the representative English translators of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic),Dr.Lu is also noted for his pioneering role in the promotion of TCM education in British Columbia,where he lived and worked for more than half of his life.By making references to and drawing lessons from Dr.Lu’s four-decade-long efforts to help TCM gain legal status and to promote wider application of TCM in Canada,this article also puts forth suggestions for overseas TCM education and international TCM standards for building a global community with a shared future.

Behavior analysis and formative assessments in online oral medicine education during the COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,traditional teaching methods were disrupted and online teaching became a new topic in education reform and informatization.In this context,it is important to investigate the necessity and effectiveness of online teaching methods for medical students.This study explored stomatology education in China to evaluate the development and challenges facing the field using massive open online courses(MOOCs)for oral medicine education during the pandemic.AIM To investigate the current situation and challenges facing stomatology education in China,and to assess the necessity and effectiveness of online teaching methods among medical students.METHODS Online courses were developed and offered on personal computers and mobile terminals.Behavioral analysis and formative assessments were conducted to evaluate the learning status of students.RESULTS The results showed that most learners had already completed MOOCs and achieved better results.Course behavior analysis and student surveys indicated that students enjoyed the learning experience.However,the development of oral MOOCs during the COVID-19 pandemic faced significant challenges.CONCLUSION This study provides insights into the potential of using MOOCs to support online professional learning and future teaching innovation,but emphasizes the need for careful design and positive feedback to ensure their success.

Learning, understanding, trusting and applying-Promoting development of traditional Chinese medicine from medical education

From the end of the Qing dynasty to the establishment of Republic of China until the present day, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has declined from the original medical system parallel to western medicine to a supplementary medicine in China. During the long time, western medicine has gradually become the dominate medical system forming the situation of 'western medicine in the north, TCM in the wild'. On July 1, 2017, China's TCM law has been officially implemented ensuring a time of great opportunity for TCM in the future. The current situations are: 'western medicine is dominated, TCM are supplementary for use'. Some people insist that TCM should be weakened others suppose that Chinese medicine should be evaluated with biomedical standards and are lack of scientificity. Facing the disadvantages of degradation of Chinese medicine, lack of characteristics, the development of TCM still has a long way to go. This paper puts forward the 'education of medical students', so that medical students can learn, understand, believe and use TCM in order to carry forward the career of TCM.

Clinical Research on the Treatment of Simple Obesity by Oral Chinese Medicine Combined with Health Education to Improve Phlegm Dampness Constitution

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of oral traditional Chinese medicine granules combined with health education to regulate phlegm constitution and treat simple obesity. METHODS: According to the method of constitution evaluation in TCM Constitution Classification and Evaluation(Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine), the TCM classification of Chinese medicine was performed on patients who came to the outpatient department of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Pinggu District of Beijing and met the diagnostic criteria of simple obesity. One hundred patients with phlegm constitution were selected and those in accordance with the standards, were randomly divided into group with oral TCM granules combined with health education(refer to as treatment group) and health education group(refer to as control group) according to 1:1 ratio. The control group was given health education including diet and exercise instruction. Treatment group:(1) Health education includes diet and exercise instruction.(2) Oral Chinese medicine granules: ingredients: atractylodes rhizome 15g, raw barley 30g, Folium Nelumbinis 10g, Chinese hawthorn fruit 10g, Chinese waxgourd peel 15g, milk-vetch root;15g, kudzuvine root 15g, danshen root10g, 2 times/d. The two groups were intervened for 12 weeks each time, and obesity evaluation indicators such as body weight, body fat, waist circumference, hip circumference, weight index, and score table of TCM constitutional were observed before and after the intervention. Statistical software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The total curative effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group(P<0.001). The weight index, body weight, waist and hip circumference decreased significantly after treatment(P <0.01). Compared with the two groups, the treatment group is better than the control group in terms of dampness constitution improvement, weight and fat losing and waist and hip circumference reducing.(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Oral Chinese medicine granules Jiangzhuo Fang(combined with health education) and simple health education can improve phlegm constitution, and improve the body weight, body fat percentage and other indicators of the patients, but oral granules combined with health education to improve the physical fitness of phlegm is better than simple health education. The thoughts and methods of Chinese medicine granules combined with health education to regulate phlegm constitution is effective for weight losing and is worthy of further research and promotion.

How modern teaching technology affects the transmission of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge: reflections from educators in clinical Chinese pharmaceutical education

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)education plays a crucial role in cultivating TCM talents and preserving the profound cultural heritage of the Chinese nation.This paper explores the current situation and problems of TCM education and proposes philosophical reflections on this issue.The analysis shows that the current TCM education faces various challenges,including an unbalanced curriculum,a narrow teaching approach,a lack of practical experience,and an insufficient number of qualified teachers.To enhance the teaching effectiveness and foster a new generation of high-quality Chinese medicine professionals,it is necessary to reform the teaching methods of TCM and integrate the depth of humanities into the teaching process.The paper argues that a philosophical perspective can provide a more comprehensive understanding of TCM education and its role in the development of Chinese medicine.

Reflections on Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture Teaching in the Context of International Chinese Education

With the development of the times,both international Chinese education and traditional Chinese medicine have ushered in not only great potential development opportunities,but also various challenges.Traditional Chinese medicine culture has gradually gained international recognition,and many foreign students are now choosing to study traditional Chinese medicine.Therefore,the development of international Chinese education needs to embody traditional Chinese medicine culture teaching,which can promote the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.At the same time,encountering problems such as cultural differences ensue the need for improving the teaching system,which lacks teaching practice.On this basis,strategies such as exploring the teaching mode of traditional Chinese medicine culture,cultivating a team of high-quality international Chinese teachers,and creating experience courses with characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine culture have been put forward,so as to enhance the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine culture and promote the development of international Chinese education.

Exploration of Teaching and Education: Integration of Sports and Medicine in Physical Education in Colleges and Universities

Based on the concept and definition of“integration of sports and medicine,”this paper analyzes the current situation of the integration,where it lacks innovative physical education curriculum content and physical education teachers with conventional medical professional knowledge;in addition,physical education disciplines with medical characteristics are not highlighted.Therefore,relevant measures are put forward for reference and discussion.

Transfusion medicine education in the United States:a review for International medical audiences

Background US and international medical audiences not infrequently inquire about the US medical education system with regards to the training of transfusion medicine specialists.Methods Relevant websites were reviewed to summarize the current methods by which technologists or specialists in blood banking and physicians specializing in transfusion medicine are trained in the US.Results Specialized training in blood bank/transfusion medicine requires additional years of education and specific certifications.Medical technologists/medical laboratory specialists can pursue additional training to become technologists and/or specialists in blood banking.Similarly,physicians can pursue fellowship training in transfusion medicine.Conclusion The education of future specialists in transfusion medicine is particularly important for maintaining the field's tradition of growth and development.This is true at the level of the medical laboratory scientist and at the level of the physician.

Research on the Reform of“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”Teaching Based on the Concept of Outcome-Based Education

Continuously evolving teaching concepts and the adoption of diverse teaching methods have led to outcome-oriented education becoming a fundamental focus of teaching reform in colleges and universities.In this article,the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”course is used as an example to discuss the reform of education based on the concept of outcome-based education,with the purpose of improving students'learning outcomes and practical skills.

The Making of a Health Profession:How Chinese Medicine Became a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia

In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed by Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can be traced back to the beginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which began in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first acupuncture courses. Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited bachelor degrees, and the development, by the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd.(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession. After decades of tribalism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic Standards Committee brought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collaborated on joint submissions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and subsequently became national in 2012. Despite national registration, some barriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lobby the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans Affairs.

Exploration of Teaching Reform of TCM Dispensing Technology in Higher Vocational Colleges Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Skills Competition

This paper aims to thoroughly explore the teaching reform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,with a focus on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Skills Competition.By analyzing the current teaching status and main challenges of TCM dispensing technology,and aligning with the requirements of the skills competition,a series of detailed and practical teaching reform measures are proposed.These measures are designed to comprehensively improve the teaching quality of TCM dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,enhance students’practical skills and professional qualities,and ultimately meet the demand for high-quality,skilled talents in the field of TCM.