Ability of rotary compactor in compacting consistent slabs and effect of rotary compaction on engineering properties of stone mastic asphalt mixtures

A new automatic rotary compactor and its abilities in compacting stone mastic asphalt （SMA） are presented. Following an overview of the rotary compactor and the compaction procedure, it is demonstrated that the rotary compactor is able to produce uniform slabs with the desired thickness of 65 mm all over around. Furthermore, 132 cored samples from the rotary compactor had been compacted uniformly with approximately 4% optimum air void content. In addition, performance tests results indicate that the rotary compactor produces asphalt mixturures with the requirements of resilient modulus, Marshall stability and flow. A weight factor was introduced for each fraction of aggregates in the degradation analysis to compensate the crushing effect of aggregates during mixing and compacting.

Application of the Bayesian Statistical Approach to Develop a Stone Mastic Asphalt(SMA)Pavement Performance Model

Stone mastic asphalt(SMA)has not been widely used in the pavement industry,and there are no detailed design specifications for this type of asphalt.Therefore,long-term behavior properties of this pavement type are not accessible widely,and no model has been established for SMA regarding its performance.The main purpose of this study was to incorporate expert experience(using the Markov-chain process)and data from field experiments to propose a model for SMA performance using the Bayesian approach.The implementation of these sources resulted in a well-organized method to develop a performance model for SMA pavements,which did not have a long-term data.Finally,a linear performance model was established to calculate the SMA service life.The service life of SMA can be predicted explicitly according to the developed performance model which has been validated using a new set of data.

Study on the Effect of Fibers on the Properties of Asphalt Mastics

To study the influence of fiber on the properties of asphalt mortar,the properties of lignin fiber,polyester fiber,and basalt fiber were summarized and analyzed respectively.The high-and low-temperature properties of fiber asphalt mortar were studied and analyzed by using three indexes,rutting factor and tensile fracture energy.The results showed that all three kinds of fibers could improve the performance of asphalt mortar to varying degrees,with lignin fiber demonstrating the best effect,followed by basalt fiber and polyester fiber.The type the fiber can be selected based on the required thermal stability and cost depending on the project type.

Rheological and physicochemical characteristics of asphalt mastics incorporating lime kiln dust and dolomite powder as sustainable fillers

The filler-bitumen interaction mechanism is one of the most essential phases for comprehending the asphalt mixture's performance.However,despite numerous studies,in-depth knowledge of filler-bitumen reciprocity at a microscale level is yet to be ascertained.The goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of the fillerbitumen microscale interaction in terms of the synergy and coaction between the physicochemical and rheological performance of mastics due to filler inclusions.The rheological properties of two sustainable mastics,dolomite powder(DP)and lime kiln dust(LKD),together with a neat PEN 60/70 binder,were analysed based on a temperature sweep at elevated temperature conditions.Meanwhile,frequency sweep and multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR)tests were also conducted at pavement serviceability temperature using the dynamic shear rheometer(DSR).Physicochemical tests using a scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-rays(EDX)were conducted to analyse the impact of parameters such as particle shape,grain size,texture,and chemical compositions.The DSR test results showcased how the incorporation of fillers in asphalt binder considerably improved the performance of the binder in terms of rutting and fatigue.Likewise,its strain and nonrecoverable compliance parameters were substantially reduced at higher filler and binder concentrations.Physical filler attributes of low rigden voids(R.V),high fineness modulus(FM),and high specific surface area(SSA)led to greater interfacial stiffness and elasticity in LKD mastics compared to DP mastics at different loading frequencies and temperature levels.The SEM/EDX results also indicated that the elemental calcium and carbon composition of each filler component,together with its grain morphology,strongly influenced its rheological performance.

Discrete Element Simulation of Asphalt Mastics Based on Burgers Model

In order to investigate the viscoelastic performance of asphalt mastics, a micro-mechanical model for asphalt mastics was built by applying Burgers model to discrete element simulation and constructing Burgers contact model. Then the numerical simulation of creep tests was conducted, and results from the simulation were compared with the analytical solution for Burgers model. The comparision showed that the two results agreed well with each other, suggesting that discrete element model based on Burgers model could be employed in the numerical simulation for asphalt mastics.

Rheological Behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Asphalt Mastic

The characters of basalt fiber are analyzed and compared with commonly used fibers. The rheological behaviors of the basalt fiber reinforced asphalt mastic are investigated by the dynamic shear rheological tests and the repeated creep tests. The results show that basalt fiber has excellent reinforced performances, such as high asphalt absorption ratio, low water absorption ratio, high tensile strength, high elastic modulus and high temperature stability. The rutting factor of the fiber reinforced asphalt mastic is higher than the plain asphalt mastic and the reinforced effects are more remarkable under high temperature. The rheological performances of the asphalt mastic demonstrate a good linear relationship between different temperature and loading frequency. The creep stiffness modulus of the asphalt mastic at different loading time can be expressed by power function. Improved Burgers model is used to represent the rheological behaviors of the asphalt mastic with basalt fiber and the model parameters are estimated.

Visco-elastoplastic damage constitutive model for compressed asphalt mastic

In order to describe the three-stage creep behavior of compressed asphalt mastic, a visco-elastoplastic damage constitutive model is proposed in this work. The model parameters are treated as quadratic polynomial functions with respect to stress and temperature. A series of uniaxial compressive creep experiments are performed at various stress and temperature conditions in order to determine these parameter functions, and then the proposed model is validated by comparison between the predictions and experiments at the other loading conditions. It is shown that very small permanent deformation at low stress and temperature increases rapidly with elevated stress or temperature and the damage may initiate in the stationary stage but mainly develops in the accelerated stage. Compared with the visco-elastoplastic models without damage, the predictions from the proposed model is in better agreement with the experiments, and can better capture the rate-dependency in creep responses of asphalt mastic especially below its softening point of 47 ℃

温湿耦合循环对SBS改性沥青胶浆的性能影响

为探究SBS改性沥青胶浆在自然环境中受到温度和湿度共同作用下的性能变化,模拟温湿耦合循环环境进行室内试验。在不同温度区间的循环条件下,采用锥入度试验、软化点试验、延度试验、布氏旋转黏度试验和双边缺口拉伸试验评价SBS改性沥青胶浆的宏观性能变化;结合红外光谱测试,从化学成分角度探究其性能变化机理。研究结果表明:随着温湿耦合循环次数增加,SBS改性沥青胶浆出现变硬、变脆等老化现象,其宏观性能发生衰退;在相同试验条件下,温度区间的温差越大,对胶浆性能的影响越大;在温湿耦合循环后,SBS改性沥青胶浆的亚砜基指数增大,丁二烯指数下降。

植物茎秆纤维结构及其沥青胶浆流变特性

本研究将棉秸秆、玉米秸秆、废竹、蔗渣制备出植物纤维。采用相关分析和试验评价各植物纤维沥青胶浆的物化特性。结果表明:在微米级结构层面上,棉秸秆纤维、玉米秸秆纤维和蔗渣纤维呈现出空腔管状结构,竹纤维、木质素纤维为实心结构;各纤维的化学成分存在差异,且影响其热解速率。掺入纤维后,沥青胶浆高温稳定性改善明显,在初始试验温度下各纤维沥青胶浆车辙因子提升了23.8%~75.7%,弹性恢复率提高了9.4%~18.5%。掺加纤维后,沥青胶浆低温抗裂性能略有下降,但植物纤维类型对其影响并不显著。

密级配橡胶沥青路面降噪技术原理与研究综述

密级配橡胶沥青路面是低噪声路面发展的新形式。为了推动低噪声路面的发展,阐述了轮胎/路面噪声的产生、增强机理及密级配橡胶沥青路面的降噪机理和降噪效果。首先介绍大孔隙和密级配两种类型降噪沥青路面及其降噪机理,然后对轮胎/路面噪声的产生和增强机制进行论述,接着针对密级配降噪沥青路面降噪模式、胎路噪声的影响因素及检测方法进行重点评述,最后对密级配低噪声沥青路面的发展及优化方向进行展望。大多数低噪声沥青路面都偏向于开级配大孔隙类型,对密级配沥青路面的降噪机理及实现路径研究较少。开级配大孔隙沥青路面在孔隙堵塞时,其降噪效果急剧下降,并且堵塞的孔隙难以恢复,这制约了其广泛使用。而密级配橡胶沥青路面通常依靠自身丰富的表面纹理及橡胶颗粒的弹性实现吸声阻尼降噪,故不存在上述不足。密级配橡胶沥青路面虽在降噪效果方面不如开级配大孔隙路面,但因其优异的路用性能和持久稳定的降噪效果,已成为低噪声路面在实际工程应用中的重要选择。为了更好应用密级配橡胶降噪沥青路面,未来应重点研究影响其降噪效果的诸多重要因素,如橡胶颗粒的掺入方式、粒径和掺量等。

钢渣粗集料骨架间隙率变化规律及应用

为指导钢渣沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料(stone mastic asphalt,SMA)级配设计,采用混料试验设计方法与粗集料振实试验,研究了不同组合方案的钢渣粗集料、玄武岩粗集料及玄武岩与钢渣混合粗集料骨架间隙率(voids in coarse aggregate,VCA)变化规律,建立了3类粗集料VCA与各档粗集料比例之间的回归模型。结果表明:钢渣粗集料VCA与各档粗集料比例之间呈多元非线性关系,玄武岩粗集料及钢渣与玄武岩混合粗集料的VCA亦为类似规律;相同级配下钢渣粗集料VCA的数值不同于玄武岩粗集料及钢渣与玄武岩混合粗集料。利用建立的回归模型可预测不同级配曲线的VCA大小次序进而预知矿料间隙率(voids in mineral aggregate,VMA)大小顺序,为SMA配合比优化设计中级配的确定提供依据。

碳化硅沥青胶浆自愈合行为研究及最佳掺量的确定

自愈合技术在延长沥青路面使用寿命方面有着巨大优势。明晰沥青材料的自愈合行为发展和提升其自愈合性能是将它应用于实际工程的前提。微波加热是加速具有吸波性的沥青材料微裂纹愈合的有效方法,本工作以碳化硅为吸波剂制备粉胶比为0.9的自愈合沥青胶浆,提升沥青胶浆的吸波性能和路用性能,通过微观观察分析碳化硅掺入对沥青流变学性能、力学性能和自愈合性能的影响,以及在微波辐照下沥青胶浆的升温情况。结果表明,沥青胶浆的自愈合起始温度、自愈合最佳温度及表面弹性模量都随碳化硅替换比例增大而呈现“双峰曲线”变化,这归因于碳化硅-石灰岩矿粉复合填料的级配变化所形成的不同界面结构使得沥青胶浆的性能发生变化。基于上述性能指标,提出了最佳碳化硅体积替换比例为40%。此外,微波测试也表明最佳替换掺量为40%(体积分数,下同)。综合路用性能及自愈合性能,在粉胶比为0.9的条件下,碳化硅最佳替换掺量为40%,研究结果可为碳化硅吸波沥青材料的开发设计提供理论参考。

沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料纤维复配方案研究

纤维可显著提升沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料的路用性能,但目前市售纤维种类繁杂,且不同纤维对混合料路用性能的影响存在差异。选用工程中常见的玄武岩纤维BF、木质素纤维CF及聚酯纤维PF,分别研究了3种纤维对沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料路用性能(高温性能、低温性能、水稳性能及疲劳性能)的影响。通过绘制沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料路用性能三元等高线图,直观展示了纤维复配对混合料路用性能的交互作用,进而提出纤维复配推荐方案。

封闭层沥青玛蹄脂的制备与性能评价

为实现沥青玛蹄脂在水利工程防渗面板中封闭层的应用,开展了不同沥青品种、沥青与矿粉比例、填料及涂刷厚度的斜坡热稳定性和低温脆裂试验,采用标识线位移和低温脆裂温度分析了不同沥青玛蹄脂的高低温性能。试验结果表明,沥青的用量越少,软化点越高,沥青玛蹄脂的涂刷厚度越薄,有利于提升封闭层沥青玛蹄脂的斜坡热稳定性;水泥可以有效地降低沥青玛蹄脂的变形能力,从而提升其斜坡热稳定性,但均增加了低温脆裂的风险;并且通过现场涂刷试验,确定了具体的施工参数,可为后续封闭层沥青玛蹄脂的施工提供较好的实践参考和指导。

旧水泥路面加铺沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料施工技术研究

为了最大限度地保障修复后旧水泥路面的性能,本文研究了旧水泥路面加铺沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料施工技术。首先对旧水泥路面进行预处理,采用两档粗料和SMA-16级配对沥青混合料进行细化设计并制备,然后在粘结层施工阶段喷洒粘结层材料,按照测量放样、沥青混合料运输、摊铺机就位、摊铺施工和接缝处理的工序,进行沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料摊铺施工,最后在控制温度和速度的前提下开展初压、复压以及终压施工。实际应用结果表明:加铺沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料施工后的路面能够满足道路安全行驶的性能要求。

Evaluation Indices of Interaction Ability of Asphalt and Aggregate Based on Rheological Characteristics

In order to find a parameter as the evaluation index that can capture the effect of the interaction between asphalt and aggregate, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics using two kinds of asphalts and four kinds of aggregates under different filler-asphalt ratios were measured by a dynamic shear rheometer （DSR）. Moreover, four rheological parameters of K.Ziegel-B, Luis Ibrarra-A, complex shear modulus ΔG＊and complex viscosity Δη＊ for evaluating the interaction ability were studied. Results indicate that all the four parameters can characterize the interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate correctly and feasibly. Through the comparison of sensitivities and physical meanings of the four parameters, K.Ziegel-B with high sensitivity and exact physical meaning is finally selected as the evaluation index for interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate.

紫外老化作用下PPA/SBR改性沥青胶浆及混合料高低温性能研究

通过高温温度扫描试验、BBR低温蠕变试验对粉胶比为0.6、0.9、1.2的90#基质沥青胶浆、SBR改性沥青胶浆及PPA/SBR改性沥青胶浆紫外老化前后的高低温流变性能进行了研究,利用高温车辙试验及低温小梁弯曲试验对其紫外老化前后的沥青混合料高低温性能进行分析,同时引入沥青胶浆的车辙因子老化指数ASTA、蠕变劲度老化指数SAI、蠕变速率老化指数mAI,沥青混合料动稳定度老化指数DAI、弯曲劲度模量老化指数SBAI对沥青胶浆及沥青混合料的抗紫外老化性能进行定量分析,结果表明:紫外老化会提高沥青胶浆的高温抗变形能力,而显著降低沥青胶浆的低温抗裂性。而对于沥青混合料而言,紫外老化劣化了90#基质沥青混合料及SBR改性沥青混合料的高温抗车辙性能,提高了PPA/SBR改性沥青混合料的抗车辙性能,而低温抗裂性在紫外老化后均出现了明显下降,但PPA/SBR改性沥青混合料紫外老化前后都具有最佳的低温抗裂性能。说明PPA的掺入有效提高了SBR改性沥青胶浆及沥青混合料的高温抗变形能力、低温抗裂性能及抗紫外老化性能。研究成果表明:PPA/SBR沥青材料非常适用于高寒高海拔地区。

SMA沥青混合料疲劳性能改善措施综述

疲劳开裂是沥青路面在服役过程中出现最多的病害之一。针对沥青混合料的疲劳性能展开研究,提高路面结构的耐久性能是至关重要的。在道路建设过程中使用SMA结构已经成为一种主要的选择,因此,从SMA沥青混合料的性能、组成特点和形成机理入手,综述了SMA沥青混合料疲劳性能改善的现状。目前,研究较多的是主流沥青混合料中采用的纤维外加剂的路用性能,诸多的纤维物理力学性质优良,如木质素纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚合物纤维等。通过多种外加剂的应用可知,SMA沥青混合料疲劳性能现阶段已经得到了特别的关注,采用多种方法能够有效地改善SMA沥青混合料的疲劳性能。

沥青与矿粉的交互作用评价及影响机理分析

目的 评价沥青与矿粉的交互作用能力,探究沥青与矿粉交互作用的影响机理。方法 在基质沥青中分别掺入石灰岩粉(LS)、花岗岩粉(GN)、粉煤灰(FA)和煤矸石粉(CG)制备沥青胶浆,借助动态剪切流变仪(DSR)测试了沥青胶浆的流变性能,基于Palierne模型提出沥青与矿粉交互作用能力的评价指标,通过微观及物理化学试验对交互作用能力的影响机理进行分析。结果 4种矿粉与沥青的交互作用能力从大到小依次为CG、LS、FA、GN,矿粉的孔外比表面积与C值具有较好的相关性,可将其作为矿粉选用的考虑指标。结论 矿粉与沥青混合后并未产生新的产物,两者之间主要发生物理化学吸附作用,4种矿粉中煤矸石粉对沥青的吸附作用最强,因此煤矸石粉与沥青具有较强的交互作用能力。

考虑钢渣表面特征的沥青混凝土水稳定性改善研究

钢渣经过水洗和陈化处理后可作为粗集料铺筑沥青路面。但钢渣表面有杂质粉尘包裹,高压水洗难以去除,陈化后钢渣表面依然对沥青混凝土水稳定性有显著影响。为促进钢渣在工程中应用,本研究以生产线大批量制备的工程用钢渣集料为研究对象,采用SBS改性沥青及硅酸盐水泥填料调整沥青胶浆的组成来增强钢渣与沥青胶浆的粘附,改善钢渣沥青混凝土的水稳定性。首先采用XRD对钢渣及钢渣表面矿物相成分分析,从理论上验证改善方案的可行性;然后对沥青胶浆包裹的钢渣集料进行水煮试验,分析改善措施对粘附性的提升效果;最后对钢渣沥青混凝土进行冻融劈裂试验和浸水马歇尔试验,确定其水稳定性变化。结果表明,改善措施能使水稳定性能得到改善,建议SBS改性沥青和硅酸盐水泥复合使用。