Artificial Immune Detection for Network Intrusion Data Based on Quantitative Matching Method

Artificial immune detection can be used to detect network intrusions in an adaptive approach and proper matching methods can improve the accuracy of immune detection methods.This paper proposes an artificial immune detection model for network intrusion data based on a quantitative matching method.The proposed model defines the detection process by using network data and decimal values to express features and artificial immune mechanisms are simulated to define immune elements.Then,to improve the accuracy of similarity calculation,a quantitative matching method is proposed.The model uses mathematical methods to train and evolve immune elements,increasing the diversity of immune recognition and allowing for the successful detection of unknown intrusions.The proposed model’s objective is to accurately identify known intrusions and expand the identification of unknown intrusions through signature detection and immune detection,overcoming the disadvantages of traditional methods.The experiment results show that the proposed model can detect intrusions effectively.It has a detection rate of more than 99.6%on average and a false alarm rate of 0.0264%.It outperforms existing immune intrusion detection methods in terms of comprehensive detection performance.

A Visual Indoor Localization Method Based on Efficient Image Retrieval

The task of indoor visual localization, utilizing camera visual information for user pose calculation, was a core component of Augmented Reality (AR) and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). Existing indoor localization technologies generally used scene-specific 3D representations or were trained on specific datasets, making it challenging to balance accuracy and cost when applied to new scenes. Addressing this issue, this paper proposed a universal indoor visual localization method based on efficient image retrieval. Initially, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was employed to aggregate features from intermediate layers of a convolutional neural network, obtaining a global representation of the image. This approach ensured accurate and rapid retrieval of reference images. Subsequently, a new mechanism using Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) was designed to resolve relative pose ambiguity caused by the essential matrix decomposition based on the five-point method. Finally, the absolute pose of the queried user image was computed, thereby achieving indoor user pose estimation. The proposed indoor localization method was characterized by its simplicity, flexibility, and excellent cross-scene generalization. Experimental results demonstrated a positioning error of 0.09 m and 2.14° on the 7Scenes dataset, and 0.15 m and 6.37° on the 12Scenes dataset. These results convincingly illustrated the outstanding performance of the proposed indoor localization method.

Stiffness-damping matching method of an ECAS system based on LQG control

A novel method of matching stiffness and continuous variable damping of an ECAS(electronically controlled air suspension) based on LQG(linear quadratic Gaussian) control was proposed to simultaneously improve the road-friendliness and ride comfort of a two-axle school bus.Taking account of the suspension nonlinearities and target-height-dependent variation in suspension characteristics,a stiffness model of the ECAS mounted on the drive axle of the bus was developed based on thermodynamics and the key parameters were obtained through field tests.By determining the proper range of the target height for the ECAS of the fully-loaded bus based on the design requirements of vehicle body bounce frequency,the control algorithm of the target suspension height(i.e.,stiffness) was derived according to driving speed and road roughness.Taking account of the nonlinearities of a continuous variable semi-active damper,the damping force was obtained through the subtraction of the air spring force from the optimum integrated suspension force,which was calculated based on LQG control.Finally,a GA(genetic algorithm)-based matching method between stepped variable damping and stiffness was employed as a benchmark to evaluate the effectiveness of the LQG-based matching method.Simulation results indicate that compared with the GA-based matching method,both dynamic tire force and vehicle body vertical acceleration responses are markedly reduced around the vehicle body bounce frequency employing the LQG-based matching method,with peak values of the dynamic tire force PSD(power spectral density) decreased by 73.6%,60.8% and 71.9% in the three cases,and corresponding reduction are 71.3%,59.4% and 68.2% for the vehicle body vertical acceleration.A strong robustness to variation of driving speed and road roughness is also observed for the LQG-based matching method.

SERIES PERTURBATIONS APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS TO N-S EQUATIONS AND MODIFICATION TO ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION MATCHED METHOD

A method that series perturbations approximate solutions to N-S equations with boundary conditions was discussed and adopted. Then the method was proved in which the asymptotic solutions of viscous fluid flow past a sphere were deducted. By the ameliorative asymptotic expansion matched method, the matched functions, are determined easily and the ameliorative curve of drag coefficient is coincident well with measured data in the case that Reynolds number is less than or equal to 40 000.

REQUIREMENTS AND DESIGN METHOD FOR MATCHING AIRCRAFT GUNS WITH THEIR SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

In aircraft structural dynamic design the matching of guns with their supporting structure is one of the most important tasks on which hinges the success or failure of the structural design. The design curves for matching guns with their supporting structure can be obtained from response calculations of the plate-spring system supporting the gun on the ground,the model structure tested on the ground and the actual structure.A set of matching curves is given for engineering application.Then,the matching design can be accomplished by means of impact load spectrograms so as to perform an optimal structural design and to make further improvements on dynamic design program.

AUTOMATIC DISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS OF PLANAR MECHANISMS WITH MATCHING BASIC KINEMATIC CHAINS METHOD

A simple, efficient, automatic and universal method to fulfill displacementanalysis of a great deal of mechanisms regenerated by Yan's mechanism creative theory has beendeveloped. For a regenerated mechanism, at first, the method identifies its type and structure andchanges it into a rigid structure by fixing the ground link and the input link. And then this rigidstructure is decomposed into a set of basic kinematic chains (BKCs). By matching the type of BKC,the displacement analysis equations can be set up, and all possible configurations, in whichpositions of all movable links are considered, can be given out.

氢电-锂电通勤飞机分布式推进系统匹配设计

针对通勤类飞机总体设计参数和飞行任务剖面需求,根据氢电-锂电推进系统架构方案,提出了推进系统参数匹配方法和能源动态平衡管理策略。以19座级通勤飞机作为验证对象,对其动力装置和储备能源进行了选型和管理研究。根据选型的分布式推进气动布局方案,进一步采用全析因试验设计方法分析了螺旋桨转向对飞机气动特性的影响,获得了有利于飞机巡航状态的螺旋桨转向配置方案。

服务型制造试点政策对企业服务绩效的影响

服务型制造是制造业转型升级高质量发展的重要方向。国家高度重视服务型制造试点工作,推动服务型制造创新发展。现有研究聚焦企业内部因素和外部市场因素对制造企业服务绩效的影响,对试点政策因素的促进作用缺乏关注。以浙江省经济和信息化厅分别于2017年和2018年公布的第一、第二批服务型制造试点企业名单为基础,选取包含试点企业在内的浙江省200家具有服务特征的上市制造企业2013—2019年面板数据,通过双重差分分析,检验服务型制造试点政策对企业服务绩效存在的影响。研究发现,服务型制造试点政策的实施对制造企业服务绩效的提升具有显著正向的影响,并且理论上试点带来的企业声誉可能会进一步增强这种提升作用。此外,试点政策对服务绩效的影响存在异质性特征,其净影响随着试点政策的持续而不断加强。具体表现为从试点第一年到试点第三年,企业服务绩效提升速度逐年提高。研究结论有效验证了浙江省服务型制造试点政策实施效果,为我国服务型制造试点政策的制定、实施与改进提供了启示。

云南盐津地区两种地震序列的地震活动性分析

2020年9月—2021年1月,云南盐津地区出现了密集中小地震活动。为获取更完备的地震目录和更准确的震源参数,利用2020年1月—2021年2月云南及其邻区地震台网记录到地震事件的观测报告和连续波形,采用匹配定位方法检测到了1340次地震事件。利用联合波形互相关的双差地震定位方法进行重定位,获得了检测目录中351次地震的精确位置,对精定位后的地震活动时空分布特征进行分析研究,结果表明:盐津地区发生的密集中小地震活动为先后发生的2种不同类型的地震序列,沿两条不同走向和倾角的断裂分布,其中2020年9—10月的M_(L)3.9震群型地震序列发生在NNW走向、倾角约为75°的盐津—筠连断裂;2021年1月的M_(L)5.2孤立型地震序列发生在近SN走向、断层线与盐津—筠连断裂呈约30°夹角且倾角约为50°的隐伏断裂。

基于柔性应变传感器的数据手套手势识别研究

针对传统手势识别系统识别率不高、响应不稳定等问题,设计了一个包括柔性传感器、信号采集系统、手势识别算法的柔性应变传感器数据手套手势识别系统。该系统可准确捕捉每根手指关节运动信息,具有高自由度、低成本、高识别率等特点。在软硅胶材料中掺杂特定配比的碳黑(CB)和碳纳米管(CNTs),通过转印技术设计出线性度好、灵敏度高的电阻式传感器。实验结果表明,传感器具有较好的静态、动态响应特性,并完成传感器标定;利用多个柔性传感器制备数据手套并搭建信号采集系统,进一步提出融合BP神经网络和模板匹配技术的手势识别方法,以提升相近手势字母识别率,算法识别率为98.5%;针对不同人群开展手势识别实验,结果表明,该手势识别系统准确率达到92.8%,响应时间约40ms,该数据手套具有较好的应用潜力。

“双减”背景下课后服务中科学教育加法能否促进中小学生非认知能力发展——基于6省30个县(区)的调查

非认知能力因其对个体学业成就、未来发展的重要作用而备受学界关注。基于我国东中西部6省30县(区)部分中小学生调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配法解决选择性偏误,研究课后服务中科学教育活动对青少年学生非认知能力发展的影响。研究结果表明:我国青少年学生非认知能力表现普遍偏低;参与课后服务中的科学教育活动能够显著提升青少年学生的非认知能力;参加课后服务中的科学教育活动能直接作用于青少年学生非认知能力的发展,也能通过提升学生的自信心和主观幸福感间接影响青少年学生非认知能力的发展。相关建议为:改革评价体系,青少年认知能力与非认知能力培养“一体推进”;完善非认知能力培养实践体系,将科学教育纳入课后服务“必备项目”;强化科学教育资源“在地化”统筹,健全非认知能力培养的家校社共育机制。

基于多特征SAD-Census变换的立体匹配算法

视差不连续区域和重复纹理区域的误匹配率高一直是影响双目立体匹配测量精度的主要问题,为此,本文提出一种基于多特征融合的立体匹配算法。首先,在代价计算阶段,通过高斯加权法赋予邻域像素点的权值,从而优化绝对差之和(Sum of Absolute Differences,SAD)算法的计算精度。接着,基于Census变换改进二进制链码方式,将邻域内像素的平均灰度值与梯度图像的灰度均值相融合,进而建立左右图像对应点的判断依据并优化其编码长度。然后,构建基于十字交叉法与改进的引导滤波器相融合的聚合方法,从而实现视差值再分配,以降低误匹配率。最后,通过赢家通吃(Winner Take All,WTA)算法获取初始视差,并采用左右一致性检测方法及亚像素法提高匹配精度,从而获取最终的视差结果。实验结果表明,在Middlebury数据集的测试中,所提SAD-Census算法的平均非遮挡区域和全部区域的误匹配率为分别为2.67%和5.69%,测量200~900 mm距离的平均误差小于2%;而实际三维测量的最大误差为1.5%。实验结果检验了所提算法的有效性和可靠性。

基于倾向性评分匹配法探讨血府逐瘀汤对老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者PFNA术后康复的影响

目的:基于倾向性评分匹配法探讨血府逐瘀汤对老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者PFNA术后康复的影响。方法:回顾性分析140例行防旋股骨近端髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)手术治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者,使用SPSS 22.0进行倾向性匹配评分匹配分为观察组(血府逐瘀汤治疗)和对照组(常规支持治疗)各50例,比较两组术后相关康复治疗指标,并对两组用药安全性进行评价分析。结果:观察组证候积分,术后第5、7天患肢肿胀程度,VAS评分,术后第3、7天血清白细胞及C反应蛋白水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而术后第7天血清血红蛋白、红细胞压积水平和术后1个月Harris评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PFNA联合血府逐瘀汤内服治疗对老年股骨粗隆间骨折术后康复恢复效果确切,可显著减轻患肢肿胀程度,在更短时间内缓解患者局部疼痛,减少术后隐性失血,提升Harris评分,快速恢复髋关节功能,且不增加患者用药安全性风险。

基于匹配法的不同种类煤和矸石发射率测量研究

煤和矸石的种类、表面纹理结构、变质和发育程度等因素都会对其发射率产生较为显著的影响,精准的发射率参数设置对红外热像仪测温及煤和矸石红外图像的识别至关重要。提出了一种基于匹配法的煤和矸石发射率测量方法,即采用表面热电偶与红外热像仪相结合的方式测量煤和矸石发射率。用密闭的电热炉对被测煤和矸石进行均匀加热,待被测煤和矸石均匀受热且稳定后,用表面热电偶对被测煤和矸石的选定区域进行真实温度测定(标定为t1),然后用红外热像仪对同一区域进行温度测定(标定为t2),最后对红外热像仪的发射率进行调试,当t2=t1时,得出的发射率即为被测煤和矸石在该温度下的真实发射率。实验结果表明:(1)等温条件下,煤和矸石表面越粗糙,其发射率数值越大,表明煤和矸石表面的粗糙度是导致二者产生不同发射率的内在因素。(2)4种不同种类煤和矸石发射率随温度的增大呈幂函数降低,且拟合函数相关系数R2达0.98以上,验证了匹配法应用于煤和矸石发射率测量的可行性。(3)采用反代法得出在不同温度条件下实测值与理论值的误差率均小于3%,验证了实验中测量的煤和矸石发射率的准确性。

基于倾向性评分匹配法分析术前血钙水平与老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的关系

目的基于倾向性评分匹配法(PSM)分析术前血钙水平与老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的关系。方法回顾性分析2020年5月至2023年10月德阳市人民医院心外科接受手术治疗的166例老年患者临床资料,依据术后住院期间是否发生谵妄将其分为发生组(52例)、未发生组(114例),采用PSM对两组患者临床资料进行匹配后得到组间协变量均衡的样本,单因素、logistic多因素回归分析法明确影响老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的危险因素,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估术前血钙水平预测老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的效能。结果PSM后,共得到47对组间协变量均衡的样本。发生组、未发生组合并糖尿病比例、术后输注红细胞比例及白蛋白、血肌酐、血钙、神经元特异性烯醇酶(NSE)水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),合并高血压、高血脂比例、手术类型、血红蛋白、血小板计数等指标水平无明显差异(P>0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析,结果显示,合并糖尿病(OR=1.790,95%CI 1.627~1.952)、白蛋白水平低(OR=1.804,95%CI 1.516~2.092)、血肌酐水平高(OR=1.844,95%CI 1.563~2.125)、血钙水平高(OR=1.835,95%CI 1.612~2.058)、NSE水平高(OR=1.840,95%CI 1.524~2.157)、术后输注红细胞(OR=1.808,95%CI 1.458~2.254)是影响老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的危险因素,即上述指标与老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄有关。ROC曲线结果显示,术前血钙水平预测老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄的敏感度、特异度、AUC分别为87.50%、77.30%、0.906。结论老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄发生风险较高,术前血钙水平与老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄密切相关,且术前血钙水平升高可能是老年心外科手术患者术后谵妄发生的有效预测因子。

An integrated method for matching forest machinery and a weight-value adjustment

Proper matching of forestry machinery is important when raising mechanization levels for forestry production. In the matching process, forestry machinery needs not only expertise, but also improved methods for solving problems. I propose combination of case-based reasoning （CBR） and rule-based reasoning （RBR） by calculating the similarity of quantitative parameters of various forestry machines in an analytical and hierarchical process. I calculated the similarity of machin-ery used in forest industries to enable better selection and matching of equipment. I propose a weight-value adjusting method based on sums of squares of deviations in which the individual parameter weights were modified in the process of application. During the process of system design, I put forward a design method knowledge base and generated a dynamic web reasoning framework to integrate the processes of forest industry machinery selection and weight-value adjustment. This enables expansion of the scope of the complete system and enhancement of the reasoning efficiency. I demonstrate the validity and practicability of this method using a practical example.

养殖户参与农业产业组织对肉羊养殖技术效率的影响

为探究养殖户参与农业产业组织对肉羊养殖技术效率的影响,研究立足微观农户角度,以2013—2022年11个省份489份肉羊养殖户数据为研究对象,运用倾向得分匹配法与随机前沿分析法,分析养殖户参与农业产业组织对肉羊养殖技术效率的影响。结果表明,养殖户参与农业产业组织对肉羊养殖技术效率产生正向促进作用,且该结果在经过近邻匹配、半径匹配与核匹配3种内生性检验之后仍然成立。研究表明,鼓励养殖户积极参与农业产业组织,对于提升肉羊养殖效率及推动整个养殖业高质量发展具有深远意义。

输血检验中凝聚胺法与微柱凝胶法的应用效果及检验结果比较

目的探讨输血检验中凝聚胺法与微柱凝胶法的应用效果及检验结果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年6月赣州市人民医院收治的116例临床输血患者作为研究对象,均采用凝聚胺法与微柱凝胶法进行不完全抗体筛查,比较两种筛查结果,包括交叉配血检测时间、交叉配血结果、不完全抗体检测灵敏度和特异度。结果聚胺法交叉配血检测时间为(10.94±2.66)min,短于微柱凝胶法的(28.54±2.74)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两种方法交叉配血结果中的主侧阳性率、次侧阳性率、假阳性率比较差异无统计学意义;凝聚胺法总阳性率为4.31%,低于微柱凝胶法的12.07%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。微柱凝胶法筛查出不完全抗体患者14例,其中抗C 1例(0.86%)、抗D 4例(3.45%)、抗E 8例(6.90%)、抗e 1例(0.86%);凝聚胺法筛查出不完全抗体患者5例,其中抗C 1例(0.86%)、抗D 1例(0.86%)、抗E 2例(1.72%)、抗e 1例(0.86%)。微柱凝胶法对不完全抗体检测的灵敏度、特异度、正确诊断指数及符合率分别为96.28%、99.42%、0.71、99.37%,凝聚胺法对不完全抗体检测的灵敏度、特异度、正确诊断指数及符合率分别为94.35%、99.14%、0.63、99.10%。结论微柱凝胶法检出阳性率、检测结果稳定性和不完全抗体检测的灵敏度更高,但凝聚胺法配血速度更快。

基于倾向性评分匹配法探讨急性脑梗死并发血管性痴呆的影响因素及预防建议

目的 基于倾向性评分匹配法(PSM)探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)并发血管性痴呆(VD)的影响因素,并针对性提出预防建议措施。方法 选择2019年1月—2023年1月本院收治的258例ACI患者作为研究对象,按有无发生VD分为VD组和无VD组两组,匹配前,VD组54例无VD组204例;匹配后,VD组52例无VD组52例。比较匹配前后两组一般资料;基于PSM匹配两组资料,采用Logistic回归模型分析匹配后ACI并发VD的影响因素。结果 258例患者中54例发生VD,VD发生率为20.93%;匹配前,VD组患者受教育年限短于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、脑梗死病史、额叶脑梗死、脑白质疏松构成比及入院时NIHSS评分高于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者脑梗死面积大于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者ACI发病至入院时间长于VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者出院后康复治疗构成比低于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);匹配后,VD组患者受教育年限短于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者高血压、额叶脑梗死构成比及入院时NIHSS评分高于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者脑梗死面积大于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者ACI发病至入院时间长于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VD组患者出院后康复治疗构成比低于无VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归模型分析显示受教育年限、高血压、额叶脑梗死、脑梗死面积、出院后康复治疗是ACI并发VD的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 基于PSM法发现受教育年限、高血压、额叶脑梗死、脑梗死面积、出院后康复治疗是ACI并发VD的影响因素。

国家数字经济创新发展试验区对民营企业合作创新的影响

数字经济的发展需要数字技术支撑,数字技术水平的提升源于创新。为集合创新人才和资源,推动企业数字化转型与融合创新,2019年10月,国家数字经济创新发展试验区建设正式启动。民营经济是我国推动供给侧结构性改革、经济高质量发展、建设现代化经济体系的重要组成部分,民营企业是民营经济的重要载体,是我国大众创业、万众创新的主力军。但多数民营企业规模偏小,资金、技术、人才相对匮乏,独立自主创新能力较弱,而合作创新能有效降低研发创新中的风险和成本,切实提升民营企业特别是中小民营企业创新成效。运用倾向得分匹配法和双重差分模型,基于2015—2022年我国上市民营企业数据,以国家数字经济创新发展试验区设立为准自然实验,实证分析试验区设立对民营企业合作创新的影响。研究发现,试验区设立对民营企业合作创新具有显著促进作用,且该结论在通过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;企业数字化转型、知识吸收能力在试验区设立对民营企业合作创新的影响中发挥中介作用,即试验区设立通过加快企业数字化转型、提高企业知识吸收能力促进企业合作创新;市场竞争程度、经济开放程度在试验区设立对企业合作创新的影响中发挥调节作用,市场竞争程度、经济开放程度越高,试验区设立对民营企业合作创新的促进作用越强。因此,要鼓励民营企业进行数字化转型与科技人才培养,开展合作创新;要充分发挥试验区辐射示范作用,带动其他地区发展;要综合市场竞争和经济开放情况,因地制宜制定差异化政策,精准施策。