Offline handwritten mathematical expression recognition is a challenging optical character recognition(OCR)task due to various ambiguities of handwritten symbols and complicated two-dimensional structures.Recent work ...Offline handwritten mathematical expression recognition is a challenging optical character recognition(OCR)task due to various ambiguities of handwritten symbols and complicated two-dimensional structures.Recent work in this area usually constructs deeper and deeper neural networks trained with end-to-end approaches to improve the performance.However,the higher the complexity of the network,the more the computing resources and time required.To improve the performance without more computing requirements,we concentrate on the training data and the training strategy in this paper.We propose a data augmentation method which can generate synthetic samples with new LaTeX notations by only using the official training data of CROHME.Moreover,we propose a novel training strategy called Shuffled Multi-Round Training(SMRT)to regularize the model.With the generated data and the shuffled multi-round training strategy,we achieve the state-of-the-art result in expression accuracy,i.e.,59.74%and 61.57%on CROHME 2014 and 2016,respectively,by using attention-based encoder-decoder models for offline handwritten mathematical expression recognition.展开更多
Fuzzy pattern recognition has been employed to identify some atlas and images of the unevenness of carbide in tool steel. Three models have been constructed. These models were based on fuzzy mathematics theory, as wel...Fuzzy pattern recognition has been employed to identify some atlas and images of the unevenness of carbide in tool steel. Three models have been constructed. These models were based on fuzzy mathematics theory, as well as fuzzy pattern recognition method. Distribution rule of the unevenness of eutectic carbide in ledeburite steel is proposed in these models respectively.展开更多
The face recognition with expression and occlusion variation becomes the greatest challenge in biometric applications to recognize people. The proposed work concentrates on recognizing occlusion and seven kinds of exp...The face recognition with expression and occlusion variation becomes the greatest challenge in biometric applications to recognize people. The proposed work concentrates on recognizing occlusion and seven kinds of expression variations such as neutral, surprise, happy, sad, fear, disgust and angry. During enrollment process, principle component analysis (PCA) detects facial regions on the input image. The detected facial region is converted into fuzzy domain data to make decision during recognition process. The Haar wavelet transform extracts features from the detected facial regions. The Nested Hidden markov model is employed to train these features and each feature of face image is considered as states in a Markov chain to perform learning among the features. The maximum likelihood for the input image was estimated by using Baum Welch algorithm and these features were kept on database. During recognition process, the expression and occlusion varied face image is taken as the test image and maximum likelihood for test image is found by following same procedure done in enrollment process. The matching score between maximum likelihood of input image and test image is computed and it is utilized by fuzzy rule based method to decide whether the test image belongs to authorized or unauthorized. The proposed work was tested among several expression varied and occluded face images of JAFFE and AR datasets respectively.展开更多
To overcome the disadvantage of classical recognition model that cannot perform well enough when there are some noises or lost frames in expression image sequences, a novel model called fuzzy buried Markov model （FBM...To overcome the disadvantage of classical recognition model that cannot perform well enough when there are some noises or lost frames in expression image sequences, a novel model called fuzzy buried Markov model （FBMM） is presented in this paper. FBMM relaxes conditional independence assumptions for classical hidden Markov model （HMM） by adding the specific cross-observation dependencies between observation elements. Compared with buried Markov model （BMM）, FBMM utilizes cloud distribution to replace probability distribution to describe state transition and observation symbol generation and adopts maximum mutual information （MMI） method to replace maximum likelihood （ML） method to estimate parameters. Theoretical justifications and experimental results verify higher recognition rate and stronger robustness of facial expression recognition for image sequences based on FBMM than those of HMM and BMM.展开更多
In this paper an approach of on-line identification for grinding burn via the cluster method of FER bas been proposed. Based on the characteristic anairsis of grinding spark temperature and rational selection of chara...In this paper an approach of on-line identification for grinding burn via the cluster method of FER bas been proposed. Based on the characteristic anairsis of grinding spark temperature and rational selection of characteristic parameters the fuzzy matrix can be constructed by means of cluster method of FER. Furthermore, the elassification of the two grinding statea (unburn or burn) has been made.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China No.2020YFB1313602.
文摘Offline handwritten mathematical expression recognition is a challenging optical character recognition(OCR)task due to various ambiguities of handwritten symbols and complicated two-dimensional structures.Recent work in this area usually constructs deeper and deeper neural networks trained with end-to-end approaches to improve the performance.However,the higher the complexity of the network,the more the computing resources and time required.To improve the performance without more computing requirements,we concentrate on the training data and the training strategy in this paper.We propose a data augmentation method which can generate synthetic samples with new LaTeX notations by only using the official training data of CROHME.Moreover,we propose a novel training strategy called Shuffled Multi-Round Training(SMRT)to regularize the model.With the generated data and the shuffled multi-round training strategy,we achieve the state-of-the-art result in expression accuracy,i.e.,59.74%and 61.57%on CROHME 2014 and 2016,respectively,by using attention-based encoder-decoder models for offline handwritten mathematical expression recognition.
文摘Fuzzy pattern recognition has been employed to identify some atlas and images of the unevenness of carbide in tool steel. Three models have been constructed. These models were based on fuzzy mathematics theory, as well as fuzzy pattern recognition method. Distribution rule of the unevenness of eutectic carbide in ledeburite steel is proposed in these models respectively.
文摘The face recognition with expression and occlusion variation becomes the greatest challenge in biometric applications to recognize people. The proposed work concentrates on recognizing occlusion and seven kinds of expression variations such as neutral, surprise, happy, sad, fear, disgust and angry. During enrollment process, principle component analysis (PCA) detects facial regions on the input image. The detected facial region is converted into fuzzy domain data to make decision during recognition process. The Haar wavelet transform extracts features from the detected facial regions. The Nested Hidden markov model is employed to train these features and each feature of face image is considered as states in a Markov chain to perform learning among the features. The maximum likelihood for the input image was estimated by using Baum Welch algorithm and these features were kept on database. During recognition process, the expression and occlusion varied face image is taken as the test image and maximum likelihood for test image is found by following same procedure done in enrollment process. The matching score between maximum likelihood of input image and test image is computed and it is utilized by fuzzy rule based method to decide whether the test image belongs to authorized or unauthorized. The proposed work was tested among several expression varied and occluded face images of JAFFE and AR datasets respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60673190
文摘To overcome the disadvantage of classical recognition model that cannot perform well enough when there are some noises or lost frames in expression image sequences, a novel model called fuzzy buried Markov model （FBMM） is presented in this paper. FBMM relaxes conditional independence assumptions for classical hidden Markov model （HMM） by adding the specific cross-observation dependencies between observation elements. Compared with buried Markov model （BMM）, FBMM utilizes cloud distribution to replace probability distribution to describe state transition and observation symbol generation and adopts maximum mutual information （MMI） method to replace maximum likelihood （ML） method to estimate parameters. Theoretical justifications and experimental results verify higher recognition rate and stronger robustness of facial expression recognition for image sequences based on FBMM than those of HMM and BMM.
文摘In this paper an approach of on-line identification for grinding burn via the cluster method of FER bas been proposed. Based on the characteristic anairsis of grinding spark temperature and rational selection of characteristic parameters the fuzzy matrix can be constructed by means of cluster method of FER. Furthermore, the elassification of the two grinding statea (unburn or burn) has been made.
