Visual Query Language on Spatial Information (SIVQL) is one kind of visual query language based on the extension of Query by Example (QBE). It is a visual operation based on graphics or media object, such as point, li...Visual Query Language on Spatial Information (SIVQL) is one kind of visual query language based on the extension of Query by Example (QBE). It is a visual operation based on graphics or media object, such as point, line and area elements. In this paper, the relation calculation and query function of SIVQL have been studied and discussed by using set theory and relation algebra. The theory foundation of SIVQL has been investigated by the mathematical method. Finally, its application examples are also given with the specific information system.展开更多
In Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154, the mathematical structure of the much discussed problem of probability known as the Monty Hall problem was mapped i...In Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154, the mathematical structure of the much discussed problem of probability known as the Monty Hall problem was mapped in detail. It is styled here as Monty Hall 1.0. The proposed analysis was then generalized to related cases involving any number of doors (d), cars (c), and opened doors (o) (Monty Hall 2.0) and 1 specific case involving more than 1 picked door (p) (Monty Hall 3.0). In cognitive terms, this analysis was interpreted in function of the presumed digital nature of rational thought and language. In the present paper, Monty Hall 1.0 and 2.0 are briefly reviewed (§§2-3). Additional generalizations of the problem are then presented in §§4-7. They concern expansions of the problem to the following items: (1) to any number of picked doors, with p denoting the number of doors initially picked and q the number of doors picked when switching doors after doors have been opened to reveal goats (Monty Hall 3.0;see §4);(3) to the precise conditions under which one’s chances increase or decrease in instances of Monty Hall 3.0 (Monty Hall 3.2;see §6);and (4) to any number of switches of doors (s) (Monty Hall 4.0;see §7). The afore-mentioned article in APM, Vol. 1, No. 4 may serve as a useful introduction to the analysis of the higher variations of the Monty Hall problem offered in the present article. The body of the article is by Leo Depuydt. An appendix by Richard D. Gill (see §8) provides additional context by building a bridge to modern probability theory in its conventional notation and by pointing to the benefits of certain interesting and relevant tools of computation now available on the Internet. The cognitive component of the earlier investigation is extended in §9 by reflections on the foundations of mathematics. It will be proposed, in the footsteps of George Boole, that the phenomenon of mathematics needs to be defined in empirical terms as something that happens to the brain or something that the brain does. It is generally assumed that mathematics is a property of nature or reality or whatever one may call it. There is not the slightest intention in this paper to falsify this assumption because it cannot be falsified, just as it cannot be empirically or positively proven. But there is no way that this assumption can be a factual observation. It can be no more than an altogether reasonable, yet fully secondary, inference derived mainly from the fact that mathematics appears to work, even if some may deem the fact of this match to constitute proof. On the deepest empirical level, mathematics can only be directly observed and therefore directly analyzed as an activity of the brain. The study of mathematics therefore becomes an essential part of the study of cognition and human intelligence. The reflections on mathematics as a phenomenon offered in the present article will serve as a prelude to planned articles on how to redefine the foundations of probability as one type of mathematics in cognitive fashion and on how exactly Boole’s theory of probability subsumes, supersedes, and completes classical probability theory. §§2-7 combined, on the one hand, and §9, on the other hand, are both self-sufficient units and can be read independently from one another. The ultimate design of the larger project of which this paper is part remains the increase of digitalization of the analysis of rational thought and language, that is, of (rational, not emotional) human intelligence. To reach out to other disciplines, an effort is made to describe the mathematics more explicitly than is usual.展开更多
The application of Information and Communication Technologies has transformed traditional Teaching and Learning in the past decade to computerized-based era. This evolution has resulted from the emergence of the digit...The application of Information and Communication Technologies has transformed traditional Teaching and Learning in the past decade to computerized-based era. This evolution has resulted from the emergence of the digital system and has greatly impacted on the global education and socio-cultural development. Multimedia has been absorbed into the education sector for producing a new learning concept and a combination of educational and entertainment approach. This research is concerned with the application of Window Speech Recognition and Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 Integrated/Interactive Development Environment in Multimedia-Assisted Courseware prototype development for Primary School Mathematics contents, namely, single digits and the addition. The Teaching and Learning techniques—Explain, Instruct and Facilitate are proposed and these could be viewed as instructors’ centered strategy, instructors’—learners’ dual communication and learners' active participation. The prototype is called M-EIF and deployed only users' voices;hence the activation of Window Speech Recognition is required prior to a test run.展开更多
The present paper is part of a large scale project in Intelligence Science. The nearterm aim of this project is the increased digitalization of the analysis of human intelligence in as far as intelligence is rational....The present paper is part of a large scale project in Intelligence Science. The nearterm aim of this project is the increased digitalization of the analysis of human intelligence in as far as intelligence is rational. The ultimate aim is to draw up a complete and definitive map of the totality of rational human intelligence or rational thought and language. As far as the mathematical component of this project is concerned, two contributions have appeared so far, the following: 1) “The Monty Hall Problem and beyond: Digital-Mathematical and Cognitive Analysis in Boole’s Algebra, Including an Extension and Generalization to Related Cases”, in Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154;2) “Higher Variations of the Monty Hall Problem (3.0, 4.0) and Empirical Definition of the Phenomenon of Mathematics, in Boole’s Footsteps, as Something the Brain Does”, in Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 2, No. 4 (July 2012), pp. 243-273, including an appendix by Richard D. Gill. The present paper pertains to the linguistics branch of the project. It is concerned with linguistic cognition. The focus of this paper is on a single phenomenon, the relative clause and all its possible types. The method of analyzing the structure of rational thought and language that is advanced in this paper and applied to the relative clause claims validity on the following three grounds. First, it is mathematical and digital in the strictest possible sense. Second, the empirical data to which this mathematical method is applied are fully accessible in language. After all, all that is essential to that structure must be exteriorized in sounds or written symbols for the structure to be transported from one brain to another and understood. The structure must somehow be encoded in its entirety in the airwaves or light beams that travel to a hearer’s ear or a reader’s eye. And these airwaves and light beams are accessible to observation. Third, general inspiration and encouragement can be drawn from the fact that it has already been long established that the brain teems with digital activity, including in the prefrontal cortex. In sum, there is every incentive for dissecting language in search of the digital structure of rational thought and its expression in language. The design of the present paper is to demonstrate that the structure can be found.展开更多
The Memorable Tourist Experience(MTE)is a scientific concept within the studies on tourism that is developed based on several related constructions:Perceived Confidence,Sincerity,Authenticity,and Satisfaction.This wor...The Memorable Tourist Experience(MTE)is a scientific concept within the studies on tourism that is developed based on several related constructions:Perceived Confidence,Sincerity,Authenticity,and Satisfaction.This work takes this model established by the work of Dr.Babak Taheri in 2018 on Monuments World Heritage of UNESCO,adopting an alternative data collection method to the face-to-face survey.Therefore,this work takes as a source of data the reviews collected in the recommendation platform TripAdvisor,working the same constructions of the MTE,with the collection of similar terms and the relationships between them.In order to highlight the terms,a first step is established with the use of Natural Language Processing(NLP),followed by the use of Machine Learning(ML)techniques to generate the relationships between the constructors defined in the models.The study makes a comparison using the method,in immaterial nature such as a flamenco show in the city of Seville;Flamenco has been declared by UNESCO an intangible World Heritage Site since 2010.The results of the study go in two directions:on the one hand to find similarities in the study of the specific MTE of both monuments with the hypotheses worked in the original model of Taheri.In addition to highlighting possible distinctive elements of each case and,and furthermore within the value contribution of the visit when it is led by an official tour guide,on the other hand,give presence to the model of obtaining data by reviews as a complementary data source of any tourist study.The data collection and analysis from both NLP and ML techniques permit the scientific study and the tourist operators to develop better value propositions to users and understanding of heterogeneous behaviors in the tourism industry.The study of reviews within the MTE allows identifying the stimulus that leads the user to choose an activity and hire it.These studies are extendable to other industries and business models,given the importance that references acquire within the consumer willing to buy.For the scientific community,the use of ML is a solid way to initiate studies on behavioral models,supplement them,and accept or reject hypotheses.When the source of the data is taken from free expressions,such as reviews,the appearance of bias in the behavior is attenuated.展开更多
随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)在自然语言处理和各种知识应用中展现了强大的能力.研究了国内大语言模型在中小学学科知识图谱自动标注中的应用,重点以义务教育阶段道德与法治学科和高中数学学科...随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)在自然语言处理和各种知识应用中展现了强大的能力.研究了国内大语言模型在中小学学科知识图谱自动标注中的应用,重点以义务教育阶段道德与法治学科和高中数学学科为例进行分析和探讨.在教育领域,知识图谱的构建对于整理和系统化学科知识具有重要意义,然而传统的知识图谱构建方法在数据标注方面存在效率低、耗费大量人工成本等问题.研究旨在通过大语言模型来解决这些问题,从而提升知识图谱构建的自动化和智能化水平.基于国内大语言模型的现状,探讨了其在学科知识图谱自动标注中的应用,以道德与法治和数学学科为例,阐述了相关方法和实验结果.首先,探讨了研究背景和意义.接着,综述了国内大语言模型的发展现状和学科知识图谱的自动标注技术.在方法与模型部分,尝试探索一种基于国内大语言模型的自动标注方法,力图完善其在学科知识图谱上的应用.还探讨了学科知识图谱人工标注方法模型,以此作为对比,评估自动标注方法的实际效果.在实验与分析部分,通过在道德与法治和数学学科的自动标注实验和对其结果的分析,发现两个学科的知识图谱自动标注均取得了较高的准确率和效率,与人工标注结果进行了深入比较分析,得出了一系列有价值的结论,验证了所提出方法的有效性和准确性.最后,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.总体而言,研究为学科知识图谱的自动标注提供了一种新的思路和方法,有望推动相关领域的进一步发展.展开更多
文摘Visual Query Language on Spatial Information (SIVQL) is one kind of visual query language based on the extension of Query by Example (QBE). It is a visual operation based on graphics or media object, such as point, line and area elements. In this paper, the relation calculation and query function of SIVQL have been studied and discussed by using set theory and relation algebra. The theory foundation of SIVQL has been investigated by the mathematical method. Finally, its application examples are also given with the specific information system.
文摘In Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154, the mathematical structure of the much discussed problem of probability known as the Monty Hall problem was mapped in detail. It is styled here as Monty Hall 1.0. The proposed analysis was then generalized to related cases involving any number of doors (d), cars (c), and opened doors (o) (Monty Hall 2.0) and 1 specific case involving more than 1 picked door (p) (Monty Hall 3.0). In cognitive terms, this analysis was interpreted in function of the presumed digital nature of rational thought and language. In the present paper, Monty Hall 1.0 and 2.0 are briefly reviewed (§§2-3). Additional generalizations of the problem are then presented in §§4-7. They concern expansions of the problem to the following items: (1) to any number of picked doors, with p denoting the number of doors initially picked and q the number of doors picked when switching doors after doors have been opened to reveal goats (Monty Hall 3.0;see §4);(3) to the precise conditions under which one’s chances increase or decrease in instances of Monty Hall 3.0 (Monty Hall 3.2;see §6);and (4) to any number of switches of doors (s) (Monty Hall 4.0;see §7). The afore-mentioned article in APM, Vol. 1, No. 4 may serve as a useful introduction to the analysis of the higher variations of the Monty Hall problem offered in the present article. The body of the article is by Leo Depuydt. An appendix by Richard D. Gill (see §8) provides additional context by building a bridge to modern probability theory in its conventional notation and by pointing to the benefits of certain interesting and relevant tools of computation now available on the Internet. The cognitive component of the earlier investigation is extended in §9 by reflections on the foundations of mathematics. It will be proposed, in the footsteps of George Boole, that the phenomenon of mathematics needs to be defined in empirical terms as something that happens to the brain or something that the brain does. It is generally assumed that mathematics is a property of nature or reality or whatever one may call it. There is not the slightest intention in this paper to falsify this assumption because it cannot be falsified, just as it cannot be empirically or positively proven. But there is no way that this assumption can be a factual observation. It can be no more than an altogether reasonable, yet fully secondary, inference derived mainly from the fact that mathematics appears to work, even if some may deem the fact of this match to constitute proof. On the deepest empirical level, mathematics can only be directly observed and therefore directly analyzed as an activity of the brain. The study of mathematics therefore becomes an essential part of the study of cognition and human intelligence. The reflections on mathematics as a phenomenon offered in the present article will serve as a prelude to planned articles on how to redefine the foundations of probability as one type of mathematics in cognitive fashion and on how exactly Boole’s theory of probability subsumes, supersedes, and completes classical probability theory. §§2-7 combined, on the one hand, and §9, on the other hand, are both self-sufficient units and can be read independently from one another. The ultimate design of the larger project of which this paper is part remains the increase of digitalization of the analysis of rational thought and language, that is, of (rational, not emotional) human intelligence. To reach out to other disciplines, an effort is made to describe the mathematics more explicitly than is usual.
文摘The application of Information and Communication Technologies has transformed traditional Teaching and Learning in the past decade to computerized-based era. This evolution has resulted from the emergence of the digital system and has greatly impacted on the global education and socio-cultural development. Multimedia has been absorbed into the education sector for producing a new learning concept and a combination of educational and entertainment approach. This research is concerned with the application of Window Speech Recognition and Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 Integrated/Interactive Development Environment in Multimedia-Assisted Courseware prototype development for Primary School Mathematics contents, namely, single digits and the addition. The Teaching and Learning techniques—Explain, Instruct and Facilitate are proposed and these could be viewed as instructors’ centered strategy, instructors’—learners’ dual communication and learners' active participation. The prototype is called M-EIF and deployed only users' voices;hence the activation of Window Speech Recognition is required prior to a test run.
文摘The present paper is part of a large scale project in Intelligence Science. The nearterm aim of this project is the increased digitalization of the analysis of human intelligence in as far as intelligence is rational. The ultimate aim is to draw up a complete and definitive map of the totality of rational human intelligence or rational thought and language. As far as the mathematical component of this project is concerned, two contributions have appeared so far, the following: 1) “The Monty Hall Problem and beyond: Digital-Mathematical and Cognitive Analysis in Boole’s Algebra, Including an Extension and Generalization to Related Cases”, in Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154;2) “Higher Variations of the Monty Hall Problem (3.0, 4.0) and Empirical Definition of the Phenomenon of Mathematics, in Boole’s Footsteps, as Something the Brain Does”, in Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 2, No. 4 (July 2012), pp. 243-273, including an appendix by Richard D. Gill. The present paper pertains to the linguistics branch of the project. It is concerned with linguistic cognition. The focus of this paper is on a single phenomenon, the relative clause and all its possible types. The method of analyzing the structure of rational thought and language that is advanced in this paper and applied to the relative clause claims validity on the following three grounds. First, it is mathematical and digital in the strictest possible sense. Second, the empirical data to which this mathematical method is applied are fully accessible in language. After all, all that is essential to that structure must be exteriorized in sounds or written symbols for the structure to be transported from one brain to another and understood. The structure must somehow be encoded in its entirety in the airwaves or light beams that travel to a hearer’s ear or a reader’s eye. And these airwaves and light beams are accessible to observation. Third, general inspiration and encouragement can be drawn from the fact that it has already been long established that the brain teems with digital activity, including in the prefrontal cortex. In sum, there is every incentive for dissecting language in search of the digital structure of rational thought and its expression in language. The design of the present paper is to demonstrate that the structure can be found.
文摘The Memorable Tourist Experience(MTE)is a scientific concept within the studies on tourism that is developed based on several related constructions:Perceived Confidence,Sincerity,Authenticity,and Satisfaction.This work takes this model established by the work of Dr.Babak Taheri in 2018 on Monuments World Heritage of UNESCO,adopting an alternative data collection method to the face-to-face survey.Therefore,this work takes as a source of data the reviews collected in the recommendation platform TripAdvisor,working the same constructions of the MTE,with the collection of similar terms and the relationships between them.In order to highlight the terms,a first step is established with the use of Natural Language Processing(NLP),followed by the use of Machine Learning(ML)techniques to generate the relationships between the constructors defined in the models.The study makes a comparison using the method,in immaterial nature such as a flamenco show in the city of Seville;Flamenco has been declared by UNESCO an intangible World Heritage Site since 2010.The results of the study go in two directions:on the one hand to find similarities in the study of the specific MTE of both monuments with the hypotheses worked in the original model of Taheri.In addition to highlighting possible distinctive elements of each case and,and furthermore within the value contribution of the visit when it is led by an official tour guide,on the other hand,give presence to the model of obtaining data by reviews as a complementary data source of any tourist study.The data collection and analysis from both NLP and ML techniques permit the scientific study and the tourist operators to develop better value propositions to users and understanding of heterogeneous behaviors in the tourism industry.The study of reviews within the MTE allows identifying the stimulus that leads the user to choose an activity and hire it.These studies are extendable to other industries and business models,given the importance that references acquire within the consumer willing to buy.For the scientific community,the use of ML is a solid way to initiate studies on behavioral models,supplement them,and accept or reject hypotheses.When the source of the data is taken from free expressions,such as reviews,the appearance of bias in the behavior is attenuated.
文摘随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)在自然语言处理和各种知识应用中展现了强大的能力.研究了国内大语言模型在中小学学科知识图谱自动标注中的应用,重点以义务教育阶段道德与法治学科和高中数学学科为例进行分析和探讨.在教育领域,知识图谱的构建对于整理和系统化学科知识具有重要意义,然而传统的知识图谱构建方法在数据标注方面存在效率低、耗费大量人工成本等问题.研究旨在通过大语言模型来解决这些问题,从而提升知识图谱构建的自动化和智能化水平.基于国内大语言模型的现状,探讨了其在学科知识图谱自动标注中的应用,以道德与法治和数学学科为例,阐述了相关方法和实验结果.首先,探讨了研究背景和意义.接着,综述了国内大语言模型的发展现状和学科知识图谱的自动标注技术.在方法与模型部分,尝试探索一种基于国内大语言模型的自动标注方法,力图完善其在学科知识图谱上的应用.还探讨了学科知识图谱人工标注方法模型,以此作为对比,评估自动标注方法的实际效果.在实验与分析部分,通过在道德与法治和数学学科的自动标注实验和对其结果的分析,发现两个学科的知识图谱自动标注均取得了较高的准确率和效率,与人工标注结果进行了深入比较分析,得出了一系列有价值的结论,验证了所提出方法的有效性和准确性.最后,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.总体而言,研究为学科知识图谱的自动标注提供了一种新的思路和方法,有望推动相关领域的进一步发展.
