Green transformation paths of resource-based cities in China from the configuration perspective

Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to apply green transformation strategies universally across cities.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses that can handle multiple concurrent causality problems and determine how different conditions combine into configurations and generate an outcome.Thus,to address this gap,in this study,we established a research framework for green transformation and utilized the fsQCA to examine the configurations of 113 RBCs in China.By incorporating the element of time,this study explored the dynamic evolution of solutions in 2013,2016,and 2019.The main findings indicate that individual elements do not constitute the necessary conditions for improving the green transformation efficiency(GTE),and the systematic combination of multiple conditions is an effective path for realizing the improvement of the GTE in RBCs.Green transformation paths of RBCs exhibit the same destination through different paths.Additionally,the combination of system environment elements and system structure elements is both complementary and alternative.Differences in RBCs have led to various factor combinations and development paths,but there are some similarities in the key elements of the factor combinations at different stages.Economic environment,government support,and technological innovation are key factors that universally enhance the GTE in RBCs.These insights can assist city managers in formulating policies to drive green transformation and contribute to a better theoretical understanding of green transformation paths in RBCs.

Conceptualizing and Measuring Economic Resilience of Resource-based Cities： Case Study of Northeast China

This paper develops a conceptual model and an indicator system for measuring economic resilience of resource-based cities based on the theory of evolutionary resilience and the related concepts of persistence, adaptation, and transformation. Nineteen resource-based cities in Northeast China were analyzed using the indicator system. The results showed that Liaoning and Jilin provinces had higher economic resilience than Heilongjiang Province. Panjin, Benxi, and Anshan in Liaoning Province were the top three cities, while Shuangyashan and other coal-based cities in Heilongjiang Province ranked last. Metals-and petroleum-based cities had significantly higher resilience than coal-based cities. The differences in persistence, adaptability, transformation, and resilience among resource-based cities decreased since the introduction of the Northeast Revitalization Strategy in 2003. Forestry-based cities improved the most in terms of resilience, followed by metals-based and multiple-resource cities; however, resilience dropped for coal-based cities, and petroleum-based cities falling the most. The findings illustrate the importance and the way to develop a differentiated approach to improve resilience among resource-based cities.

The Evolution and Differentiation of Economic Convergence of Resource-based Cities in Northeast China

A key target of the overall strategy implementation for regional development since the 18th Party Congress of China has involved taking measures to narrow regional disparities. This is because resource-based cities' economic development has fallen below general levels due to resource exhaustion and an unbalanced industrial structure, among other factors. Further, an economic gap has long existed between Northeast China's large number of resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities. This article comprehensively studies the economic convergence of Northeast China's resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities from 1996 to 2015 by using a dynamic panel to analyze not only the economic development of different industries and types of cities, but also the main factors that influence economic development. The empirical results demonstrate that economic convergence exists in both resource-based and non-resource-based cities, but the economic gap between them has clearly narrowed since the implementation of a strategy to revitalize the Northeast's old industrial base. Shrinking cities are the fastest to converge, as mature cities are slower and regenerating cities are the slowest; regarding industry structure, the secondary industry dominates the economy in mature and shrinking cities, and the tertiary industry in regenerating cities. The primary stimulus in resource-based cities' economic development involves upgrading the industrial structure and investing in human capital. As China faces a ‘new normal' economy, resource-based cities in Northeast China should restructure the economy and perfect their market system to avoid again widening the economic gap.

Discussion on the Problems and Path of Characteristic Town Construction in Underdeveloped, Resource-Based Cities: A Case Study of Ganzhou City

Characteristic towns as a characteristic industry are one of the important measures of China's new urbanization strategy. The construction of characteristic towns in different regions needs to pay attention to regional differentiation. At present, the research on characteristic towns focuses on the developed the developed central and eastern regions. There are still few studies on characteristics towns in underdeveloped areas. Starting from the analysis of the concept of the characteristic town, this paper sorted out the general situation of the construction of characteristic towns in China based on the existing research literature, selected Ganzhou City for research, pointed out there were "two restrictions and two singles" in the construction of characteristic towns in Ganzhou City, and clarified that the characteristic towns of Ganzhou City should adhere to the construction path of "two characteristics and two integrations", with a view to providing a useful reference for in Ganzhou City the construction of characteristic towns, industrial transformation and upgrading, and poverty alleviation in such underdeveloped, resource-based cities.

Study on Correlative Issues about State-owned Enterprises Restructuring in Resource-based Cities in China

The ＂sediment＂ formed in the process of long-term development of the resource-based cities not only restricts the economic structure trans/brmation, but also increases the difficulties for restructuring the state-owned enterprises. Furthermore, it makes current ways of reforming staffs＇ identity replacement and managers＇ shareholding mode inefficient in state-owned enterprises reformation in resource-based cities. According to the characteristics of resource-based cities and property right reform theory, cash and share right compensation for the different staffs in the process of staffs＇ identity replacement have been identified. In addition, different profitable investment policies have also been suggested. For managers＇ share holding, the stimulant share ownership should be adopted principally, at the same time corresponding restrictions should be set up for managers＇ investment share ownership due to share ownership structure.

Resource-based City Type and Reforming Strategy Discussion and Research

The resource-based city can divides according to the Israeli resource type and development phase two big standards. The resource-based city economic transformation strategy first should from the macroscopic level, seek for the regional economic development the new superiority, next should act according to the new regional development favorable condition that establishes the pattern of industrial transformation from the microscopic level.

Green development and economic resilience:Evidence from Chinese resource-based cities

Resource-based cities are currently facing challenges due to ecological pollution and an unbalanced industrial structure,which hinders sustainable economic growth.The focus on green development as a strategy for economic growth and environmental protection is becoming increasingly popular.This study employs a spatial econometric model to explore the effect of green development on economic resilience in Chinese resource-based cities from 2011 to 2019,revealing a positive correlation between green development and economic resilience.For each 1 unit increase in green development,economic resilience increases by an average of 0.512 units.Furthermore,the analysis of heterogeneity reveals differences in the factors influencing various resource-based cities.In addition,provincial green policies bolster economic resilience by encouraging green development.This research aids in comprehending the balance between the economy and the environment.

Curing Characteristics and Suitable Harvest Maturity of Fresh Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves in Ankang Tobacco Growing Areas

CuItivars K326, Yunyan 87 and Guiyan 4 were used to investigate the curing characteristics and suitabIe harvest maturity of fresh fIue-cured tobacco Ieaves in Ankang tobacco growing areas. ResuIts indicated that the water Ioss of K326 was sIow,and the Ieaves were resistant to curing and reIative easiIy to cure. The water Ioss of Yunyan 87 and Guiyan 4 were quick, and the Ieaves with normal resistance to curing were reIative difficuIt to cure. For Guiyan 4, the shrinkage of CM1 maturity was the Iargest. For K326 and Yunyan 87, the shrinkages of CM2 maturity were the Iargest whiIe the shrinkage of CM1 maturity was the Iowest, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The proportion of top-middIe-grade tobacco Ieaves and average price for K326 were the highest with XM2, CM2 and BM2 maturity, and for Yunyan 87 were XM1, CM3 and BM2 maturity. For K326, Ieaves with XM2, CM2 and BM2 maturity showed the balanced chemical components and the best smoking quality.

Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Habitat Quality and Mechanism of Factors Influencing in Resource-based Cities:A Case Study of Tangshan City,China

The degradation of the eco-environment has been a challenge for sustainability in resource-based cities around the world.Although much attention has been drawn to this issue,few insights have been acquired regarding the spatial differentiation and mechanism of the factors influencing habitat quality in resource-based cities from the perspective of the interactions of natural and human factors.Using Tangshan City as a case study,this paper evaluates habitat quality by integrating Ecosystem Service Value Assessment and the InVEST-HQ model,identifies the spatial distribution of Tangshan’s habitat quality with spatial auto-correlation,and explores the influencing factors and their mechanism of influence on the spatial differentiation with the geographical detector model and Space production theory.The results show that:(1)The total value of the habitat quality in Tangshan City in 2019 was 3.45×10^(10) yuan,and the habitat quality value was 24435.05 yuan ha-1.The habitat quality value presents a clustered distribution pattern of"hot in the north and the south,cold from the center to the west".(2)On the county scale,Qianxi County had the best habitat quality and Lubei District had the worst habitat quality;Shangying Township had the highest average habitat quality and Kaiping Street had the lowest average habitat quality in the township unit.(3)The results of geographical detectors show that natural environmental conditions are the important basic factors affecting the spatial differentiation of habitat quality in Tangshan City,while urbanization and industrialization factors are the most important external forces driving the spatial differentiation of habitat quality.The contributions of average elevation,average slope,raw material industrial density,and population density to the spatial differentiation of habitat quality are all above 0.40.The interactions of any two factors on habitat quality are enhanced.Areas with concentrated populations,rich industrial resources,and convenient transportation become low-value habitat quality areas;while areas with beautiful landscape patterns,abundant precipitation,and a comfortable climate become high-value habitat quality areas.Space production theory can be used to explain the mechanism of the formation of the spatial differentiation of habitat quality.

Analysis of CO2 Emissions and the Mechanism of the Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size（IEDS） in Resource-based Cities by Application of Geographical Detector Technology

Resource-based cities are the most important players in responding to climate change and achieving low carbon development in China.An analysis of relevant data(such as the energy consumption)showed an inter-city differentiation of CO2 emissions from energy consumption,and suggested an influence of the Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size(IEDS)in resource-based industrial cities at the prefecture level and above in different regions.Then by geographical detector technology,the sizes of each influencing mechanism on CO2 emissions from energy consumption of the IEDS were probed.This analysis showed that significant spatial differences exist for CO2 emissions from energy consumption and revealed several factors which influence the IEDS in resource-based cities.(1)In terms of unit employment,Eastern and Western resource-based cities are above the overall level of all resource-based cities;and only Coal resource-based cities far exceeded the overall level among all of the cities in the analysis.(2)In terms of unit gross industrial output value,the Eastern,Central and Western resources-based cities are all above the overall level for all the cities.Here also,only Coal resource-based cities far exceeded the overall level of all resources-based cities.Economic scale and energy structure are the main factors influencing CO2 emissions from energy consumption of the IEDS in resource-based cities.The factors influencing CO2 emissions in different regions and types of resource-based cities show significant spatial variations,and the degree of influence that any given factor exerts varies among different regions and types of resource-based cities.Therefore,individualized recommendations should be directed to different regions and types of resource-based cities,so that the strategies and measures of industrial low carbon and transformation should vary greatly according to the specific conditions that exist in each city.

Advantages of Nanchong City in Developing Late-maturing Citrus and Countermeasures

Nanchong City has the advantages of developing late-maturing citrus in ecology,no-quarantine diseases and insect pests,base construction starting taking shape,production and management technology becoming increasingly mature,leaders paying close attention and market recognition,and significant income increase of fruit growers. However,there are also problems such as weak infrastructure and weak anti-disaster ability,inadequate technology extension system,unmatched cold chain warehouses,and uneven quality of seedlings. Therefore,it is recommended to make scientific plan in accordance with actual local situations,regulate fine variety breeding and market supervision,build orchards with high standard and strengthen management,do a good job of propaganda and branding,improve post-harvest processing,extend the industrial chain,and issue preferential policies to promote the development of citrus industry in Nanchong City.

“成熟都市”视角下东京2020奥运遗产探析

采用文献资料、归纳分析等方法,结合“成熟都市”面临的问题及解决路径,对东京2020奥运会产生的奥运遗产进行探讨。研究认为,东京2020奥运形成临海副都心城市建设遗产,推进“共生型社会”建设遗产,可持续发展“东京方案”方面的环境改善遗产,以及数字化、智能化技术的科技创新遗产。上述奥运遗产实践提供“成熟都市”与奥运会互动的新样本,也在全周期治理、以人为本、多元主体参与、科技支撑方面为奥运遗产的前置规则及赛后延展提供借鉴。

中国智慧城市灾害应急管理能力成熟度评价研究

现阶段,我国的大部分智慧城市仍沿用传统城市灾害应急管理能力评估模型,导致智慧城市灾害应急管理的问题难以得到精准识别和有效解决。针对这一问题,该文运用层次分析法构建了智慧城市灾害应急管理能力成熟度评估模型,并对陕西省西安市的智慧城市应急管理能力成熟度进行评价,以证明该模型的合理性和可行性。研究结果表明,我国大部分智慧城市的灾害应急管理能力成熟度等级尚未达到智慧级,未来应该从加强智慧城市应急技术的发展投入、构建多元主体参与的智慧应急网格化管理模式以及优化智慧应急管理的安全防范能力等方面进行努力。

我国数字城市治理成熟度实证研究

本文建立了我国数字城市治理成熟度体系,同时结合因子分析与聚类分析方法,对我国31个省市的数字城市进行了实证分析,得出处于不同成熟度阶段的四类地区并找出其优势与薄弱环节,为我国数字城市采取有针对性的治理措施提供了有价值的参考。

城市CBD功能成熟度评价指标体系的构建--以杭州钱江新城CBD为例

本文基于"如何衡量CBD的功能发育程度"这一极具现实意义的问题,通过以杭州钱江新城CBD为例,结合国内外CBD研究中的理论及实践经验,采用德尔菲法归纳出总体规模、功能协调、功能集聚和功能辐射四大类指标,并进一步从可操作性的角度进行了细分,最终形成1项目标层(A层)、4项准则层(B层)和18项基础指标层(C层)的一整套较为完善的CBD功能成熟度指标体系。文中采用层次分析法,通过对32位相关专家学者的问卷调查,确定了各项基础指标的权重,并通过了一致性检验。结果表明,就准则层指标而言,显然CBD的功能集聚程度B3(0·4085)和功能辐射程度B4(0·3392),更能凸显CBD作为城市区域经济的核心地位。而且,各基础指标层内部也存在着显著的差异。

深圳市马占相思过熟林群落组成及物种多样性分析

中国华南地区受台风影响最为频繁。对常年遭受台风侵袭的两种马占相思过熟林(受台风影响较小且现有密度为种植密度70%±5%的马占相思林Ⅰ,受台风影响较大且现有密度为种植密度50%±5%的马占相思林Ⅱ)开展群落调查,调查共记录了维管植物21科,30个属,35种,马占相思林Ⅰ群落物种总数仅为马占相思林Ⅱ的41.38%。马占相思林Ⅰ中马占相思重要值为77.8,其次是下木层的乡土树种银柴,其重要值随着样地内马占相思的增加而减少。马占相思林Ⅱ中,马占相思重要值排第1,仅为44.46,下木层乡土树种豺皮樟和银柴的重要值合计约为20,成为马占相思最主要的伴生乔木。马占相思林Ⅰ乔木层、灌木层、草本层的Pielou均匀度指数均与马占相思林Ⅱ没有显著差异。马占相思林Ⅰ乔木层的Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、物种数量、Margale丰富度指数均小于马占相思林Ⅱ,但两者的灌木层、草本层的Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、物种数量、Margale丰富度指数均没有显著差异。

基于区域视角的西南地区成熟型资源城市分类及转型障碍研究——以地级成熟型资源城市为例

成熟型资源城市处于转型发展的最佳阶段。西南地区成熟型资源城市众多,但所处的地理环境、发展条件、产业特征及内部差异等复杂。分类探讨该区成熟型资源城市特征与转型障碍有助于其转型发展。基于区域视角,尝试选取影响城市转型的发展基础、产业特征、民生状况、生态环境等5类28个指标,采用定量聚类和综合对比分析对该区11个地级成熟型资源城市进行类型划分、特征与转型障碍研究。结果表明,该区地级成熟型资源城市可划分为四类:Ⅰ类城市(雅安、自贡)主要面临创新发展不足和城市生态环境保护等障碍。Ⅱ类城市(安顺、保山、广元、达州、广安、曲靖)数量多、人口与GDP份额大,主要面临资源产业链延伸和污染治理等障碍。Ⅲ类城市(普洱、临沧)主要面临全域发展与人文生态落后、产业转型与文化保护和绿色发展难协调、自身优势与支柱产业不匹配等障碍。Ⅳ类城市(攀枝花)比较特殊,主要面临对外协作难度大、资源产业刚性约束、固体废弃物数量巨大、区域内部差异突出等障碍。

城市人口老龄化面临的形势及对策

未来的30年内,我国人口老龄化进程将不断加快,如何承载4亿多老年人群的各种需求,是一个十分严峻的社会课题。由于城市老年人口的抚养具有相对较强的社会性,因此,城市人口老龄化面临的社会经济问题更加突出。以齐齐哈尔市为例,就如何面对和把握城市人口老龄化带来的挑战,提出积极的应对策略。

基于可持续发展的成熟期资源型城市产业结构调整研究

根据资源型城市发展阶段性特征,提出了成熟期资源型城市可持续发展的基本内涵,指出资源型城市要实现可持续发展应在城市支柱产业成熟期进行转型,核心是产业结构调整。分析了成熟期资源型城市及其产业结构特征与存在的问题,并针对淮南市产业发展及结构调整存在的问题,提出产业结构调整的战略导向和途径及其政策建议。

资源型城市可持续发展与产业转型升级研究——以四川省成熟型资源型城市为例

针对四川省成熟型资源型城市,在实地调研的基础上,梳理各城市的基本情况及发展现状。基于资源、经济、社会、生态环境4个方面的内容,构建成熟型资源型城市可持续发展评价指标体系,共包含4个一级指标和8个二级指标,并通过德尔菲法对各指标所包含的要素进行权重确定。对四川省9个成熟型资源型城市的发展状况进行实证分析,分析结果表明:攀枝花处于可持续发展状态;自贡、广元、广安处于中等可持续发展状态;绵竹、凉山、达州、兴文和雅安处于初级可持续发展状态。针对四川省9个成熟型资源型城市,分别提出产业转型升级的路径与建议。