Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. In a physiological condition, appr...Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. In a physiological condition, appropriate levels of ROS, generated either in restricted amounts or transient fashion, are required to promote physiological angiogenesis and homeostatic maintenance of healthy vasculature. Uncontrolled continuous ROS production will ultimately contribute to pathology and cause tissue damage. One of the most important proangiogenic factors is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which plays a key role in diabetic endothelial dysfunction, which ultimately leads to pathogenesis of vascular complications. As VEGF is released by activated platelets, hence platelet activation could be the source of VEGF in plasma samples. Increased platelet activity is emphasized to play a role in the development of vascular complications in T2DM patients and platelet volume, a marker of the platelet function and activation, is measured as mean platelet volume (MPV). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma VEGF levels and MPV levels that may lead to vascular complications. A case-control study of one hundred patients with T2DM (n = 100) and thirty control subjects (n = 30) were screened from different areas of West Bengal. All procedures were done with the informed consent of participants. Elevated VEGF level was found in T2DM patients (526.8 ± 34.3 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (317.9 ± 12.9 pg/ml) which was statistically significant. T2DM patients had higher MPV (12.5 ± 0.2 fl) compared to controls (11.4 ± 0.2 fl). Thus the present study showed a significant association between VEGF level in plasma and MPV indicating the severity of vascular complications. Hence, in conclusion, it suggested that VEGF levels along with MPV are a reliable biomarker for evaluating the development and progression of vascular complications.展开更多
Crack growth rate curves are the fundamental material property for metal structures under fatigue loading. Although there are many crack growth rate curves available in the literature, few of them showed the capabilit...Crack growth rate curves are the fundamental material property for metal structures under fatigue loading. Although there are many crack growth rate curves available in the literature, few of them showed the capability to explain various special phenomena observed in tests. A modified constitutive relation recently proposed by McEvily and his co-workers showed very promising capability. This modified constitutive relation is further generalized by (1) introducing an unstable fracture condition; (2) defining a virtual strength to replace the yield stress; and (3) defining an overload and underload parameter. The performances of this general constitutive relation for fatigue crack growth is extensively studied and it is found that this general constitutive relation is able to explain various phenomena observed with particular strong capability on load sequence effect.展开更多
This note addresses monotonic growths and logarithmic convexities of the weighted （（1-t2）αdt2, -∞〈α〈∞, 0〈t〈1） integral means Aα,β（ f ,·） and Lα,β（ f ,·） of the mixed area （πr2）-βA（ f...This note addresses monotonic growths and logarithmic convexities of the weighted （（1-t2）αdt2, -∞〈α〈∞, 0〈t〈1） integral means Aα,β（ f ,·） and Lα,β（ f ,·） of the mixed area （πr2）-βA（ f ,r） and the mixed length （2πr）-βL（ f ,r） （0≤β≤1 and 0〈r〈1） of f （rD） and？f （rD） under a holomorphic map f from the unit disk D into the finite complex plane C.展开更多
The Bertalanffy-Pütter (BP) five-parameter growth model provides a versatile framework for the modeling of growth. Using data from a growth experiment in literature about the average size-at-age of 24 species of ...The Bertalanffy-Pütter (BP) five-parameter growth model provides a versatile framework for the modeling of growth. Using data from a growth experiment in literature about the average size-at-age of 24 species of tropical trees over ten years in the same area, we identified their best-fit BP-model parameters. While different species had different best-fit exponent-pairs, there was a model with a good fit to 21 (87.5%) of the data </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“Good fit” means a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">normalized root-mean-squared-error <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRMSE</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> below 2.5%. This threshold was the 95% quantile of the lognormal distribution that was fitted to the <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRMSE</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> values for the best-fit models for the data)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In view of the sigmoidal character of this model despite the early stand we discuss </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">whether </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the setting of the growth experiment may have impeded growth.展开更多
使用对数平均迪氏指数(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index,LMDI)法,根据中国经济和彩票业实际情况,对LMDI法加以适当调整,并结合对各级各地体育彩票机构的调研访谈,以月度时频分析人口、经济、彩票行业和机构等驱动因素对全国(不包括港澳...使用对数平均迪氏指数(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index,LMDI)法,根据中国经济和彩票业实际情况,对LMDI法加以适当调整,并结合对各级各地体育彩票机构的调研访谈,以月度时频分析人口、经济、彩票行业和机构等驱动因素对全国(不包括港澳台地区)总体以及各省份在各时期体育彩票销售增长的贡献度,考察“彩票监管审慎政策发布”和“世界杯举办”等事件对于体育彩票销售的影响,并与中国福利彩票相应指标进行对比。研究表明,中国体育彩票销售增长3项最主要动因依次为国家层面经济因素、行业因素和机构因素;地方层面机构因素有一定的边际性作用,但未得到充分释放,人口数量下降对彩票销售的负面冲击已在部分省份显现。两项彩票审慎监管政策初步实现了制订初衷,但亦有负面问题;世界杯举办期间,在体育彩票机构努力和监管部门支持下,体育彩票销售大幅增长。体育彩票与福利彩票此前长期的互补关系近期与竞争关系相抵消。基于此,建议国家体彩管理中心强化全局引领作用,地方体彩管理中心有效发挥主观能动效应,且体育彩票相关机构应积极与监管部门实现良性互动,与福利彩票协调好合作关系。展开更多
文摘Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. In a physiological condition, appropriate levels of ROS, generated either in restricted amounts or transient fashion, are required to promote physiological angiogenesis and homeostatic maintenance of healthy vasculature. Uncontrolled continuous ROS production will ultimately contribute to pathology and cause tissue damage. One of the most important proangiogenic factors is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which plays a key role in diabetic endothelial dysfunction, which ultimately leads to pathogenesis of vascular complications. As VEGF is released by activated platelets, hence platelet activation could be the source of VEGF in plasma samples. Increased platelet activity is emphasized to play a role in the development of vascular complications in T2DM patients and platelet volume, a marker of the platelet function and activation, is measured as mean platelet volume (MPV). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma VEGF levels and MPV levels that may lead to vascular complications. A case-control study of one hundred patients with T2DM (n = 100) and thirty control subjects (n = 30) were screened from different areas of West Bengal. All procedures were done with the informed consent of participants. Elevated VEGF level was found in T2DM patients (526.8 ± 34.3 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (317.9 ± 12.9 pg/ml) which was statistically significant. T2DM patients had higher MPV (12.5 ± 0.2 fl) compared to controls (11.4 ± 0.2 fl). Thus the present study showed a significant association between VEGF level in plasma and MPV indicating the severity of vascular complications. Hence, in conclusion, it suggested that VEGF levels along with MPV are a reliable biomarker for evaluating the development and progression of vascular complications.
文摘Crack growth rate curves are the fundamental material property for metal structures under fatigue loading. Although there are many crack growth rate curves available in the literature, few of them showed the capability to explain various special phenomena observed in tests. A modified constitutive relation recently proposed by McEvily and his co-workers showed very promising capability. This modified constitutive relation is further generalized by (1) introducing an unstable fracture condition; (2) defining a virtual strength to replace the yield stress; and (3) defining an overload and underload parameter. The performances of this general constitutive relation for fatigue crack growth is extensively studied and it is found that this general constitutive relation is able to explain various phenomena observed with particular strong capability on load sequence effect.
基金in part supported by NSERC of Canada and the Finnish Cultural Foundation
文摘This note addresses monotonic growths and logarithmic convexities of the weighted （（1-t2）αdt2, -∞〈α〈∞, 0〈t〈1） integral means Aα,β（ f ,·） and Lα,β（ f ,·） of the mixed area （πr2）-βA（ f ,r） and the mixed length （2πr）-βL（ f ,r） （0≤β≤1 and 0〈r〈1） of f （rD） and？f （rD） under a holomorphic map f from the unit disk D into the finite complex plane C.
文摘The Bertalanffy-Pütter (BP) five-parameter growth model provides a versatile framework for the modeling of growth. Using data from a growth experiment in literature about the average size-at-age of 24 species of tropical trees over ten years in the same area, we identified their best-fit BP-model parameters. While different species had different best-fit exponent-pairs, there was a model with a good fit to 21 (87.5%) of the data </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“Good fit” means a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">normalized root-mean-squared-error <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRMSE</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> below 2.5%. This threshold was the 95% quantile of the lognormal distribution that was fitted to the <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRMSE</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> values for the best-fit models for the data)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In view of the sigmoidal character of this model despite the early stand we discuss </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">whether </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the setting of the growth experiment may have impeded growth.
文摘使用对数平均迪氏指数(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index,LMDI)法,根据中国经济和彩票业实际情况,对LMDI法加以适当调整,并结合对各级各地体育彩票机构的调研访谈,以月度时频分析人口、经济、彩票行业和机构等驱动因素对全国(不包括港澳台地区)总体以及各省份在各时期体育彩票销售增长的贡献度,考察“彩票监管审慎政策发布”和“世界杯举办”等事件对于体育彩票销售的影响,并与中国福利彩票相应指标进行对比。研究表明,中国体育彩票销售增长3项最主要动因依次为国家层面经济因素、行业因素和机构因素;地方层面机构因素有一定的边际性作用,但未得到充分释放,人口数量下降对彩票销售的负面冲击已在部分省份显现。两项彩票审慎监管政策初步实现了制订初衷,但亦有负面问题;世界杯举办期间,在体育彩票机构努力和监管部门支持下,体育彩票销售大幅增长。体育彩票与福利彩票此前长期的互补关系近期与竞争关系相抵消。基于此,建议国家体彩管理中心强化全局引领作用,地方体彩管理中心有效发挥主观能动效应,且体育彩票相关机构应积极与监管部门实现良性互动,与福利彩票协调好合作关系。
