Measurement invariance and latent mean differences of the Chinese version physical activity self-efficacy scale across gender and education levels

Background: Self-efficacy has been identified as an important determinant of youth's behavior change including physical activity(PA) participation. However, the dimensionality check of a PA self-efficacy scale has rarely been conducted in China. The current study aims to examine(1) the unidimensionality of a shortened Chinese version of PA self-efficacy scale(S-PASESC);(2) the measurement invariance of S-PASESC across gender and levels of education;(3) the latent factor mean difference between gender and levels of education;(4) the direct effects of self-efficacy on PA by different gender and education levels; and(5) the comparisons of the direct effects of self-efficacy on PA across gender and education levels.Methods: The participants were 5 th through 11 th grade public school students recruited from 7 cities located in different geographic regions of China. The final data include a total of 3003 participants(49.7% boys) who have completed the scales.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) test supported the unidimensionality of S-PASESC. The S-PASESC is invariant across gender and 3 levels of education at both configural, full metric, and full scalar levels. Findings from latent mean comparisons showed that boys reported higher PA self-efficacy than girls. Students' perceived PA self-efficacy tend to decrease from elementary to high school. Finally, self-efficacy positively related to PA by groups of different gender and education levels and the relationship between self-efficacy and PA is stronger among middle school boys than girls.Conclusion: Findings suggest S-PASESC is a valid scale for measuring Chinese students' PA self-efficacy.

Teaching Physical Education and Sports during Covid-19: A Community Case

Teaching skills depend to a large extent on their “didactization” characterized, in the case of physical and sports education, erected in law and compulsory at school, by a body practice often favoring contacts in extramural. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic marked by the cessation then the resumption of classes, physical distancing injunctions and the use of detergent products, masks, etc. it seems logical to question the positions of the actors, the feasibility of the Physical Education and Sports (P.E.S.) and the controversies generated by community particularly in the colleges of the Pikine-Guédiawaye Academy Inspectorate and apprehended thanks to mixed methods. In fact, we used participant observation, semi-structured interviews with administrative, pedagogical and community actors and the questionnaire survey addressed to a sample of 115 students drawn according to the quota technique. The objective was to understand the contradictions of the actors concerned. They were manifested by the practice of physical and sports activities at the beach instead of the forbidden Physical Education and Sports (P.E.S.) like all other school subjects, by the exclusion and then the reintegration of the subject with controversies relating to interests different from the administrative and PEPS, by the difficult acceptance of health measures and physical distancing variously manifested, by the question of the adaptation of P.E.S. to the realities of the numbers and spaces leading to lessons at several speeds, by the demotivation of middle school students who no longer experience hedonism in the field and finally by the diversity of the objectives of the authorities who want to save the year, teachers defending their discipline, students deprived of their agitation moments and parents skeptical and fearful of these moments who can expose their children to the disease.

Construct and correlates of basic motor competencies in primary school-aged children

Background: A central aim of physical education is the promotion of basic motor competencies(in German: Motorische Basiskompetenzen;MOBAK), which are prerequisites for children's active participation in sports culture. This article introduces the MOBAK-1 test instrument for 6-to 8-year-old children and determines the construct validity of this test instrument. In addition, the relationship between MOBAK and motor ability(i.e., strength) as well as body mass index(BMI), sex, and age is investigated.Methods: We analyzed data of 923 first and second graders(422 girls, 501 boys, age = 6.80 ±0.44 years). The children's basic motor competencies were assessed by the MOBAK-1 test instrument. Besides analyses of frequency, correlation, and variance, 3 confirmatory factor analyses with covariates were performed.Results: We found 2 MOBAK factors consisting of 4 items each. The first factor, locomotion, included the items balancing, rolling, jumping, and side stepping; the second factor, object control, included the items throwing, catching, bouncing, and dribbling. The motor ability strength had a significant influence on the factors locomotion(b = 0.60) and object control(b = 0.50). Older pupils achieved better results than younger pupils on object control(b = 0.29). Boys performed better on object control(b = -0.44), whereas girls achieved better results in locomotion(b = 0.07).Pupils with a high BMI achieved lower performance only on the factor locomotion(b =-0.28).Conclusion: The MOBAK-1 test instrument developed for this study meets psychometric validity demands and is suitable to evaluate effects of sports and physical education.

Semantic Social Service Organization Mechanism in Cyber Physical System

Cyber physical system(CPS)provides more powerful service by cyber and physical features through the wireless communication.As a kind of social organized network system,a fundamental question of CPS is to achieve service self-organization with its nodes autonomously working in both physical and cyber environments.To solve the problem,the social nature of nodes in CPS is firstly addressed,and then a formal social semantic descriptions is presented for physical environment,node service and task in order to make the nodes communicate automatically and physical environment sensibly.Further,the Horn clause is introduced to represent the reasoning rules of service organizing.Based on the match function,which is defined for measurement between semantics,the semantic aware measurement is presented to evaluate whether environment around a node can satisfy the task requirement or not.Moreover,the service capacity evaluation method for nodes is addressed to find out the competent service from both cyber and physical features of nodes.According to aforementioned two measurements,the task semantic decomposition algorithm and the organizing matrix are defined and the service self-organizing mechanism for CPS is proposed.Finally,examinations are given to further verify the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed mechanism.

基于CIPP模型的全科基层实践基地指导医师门诊教学能力提升项目评价研究

背景基层实践基地指导医师的门诊教学能力是关系到全科住院医师规范化培训质量的重要因素。近年来,国内多个地区开展了社区全科师资培训项目,但缺少采用综合方法评价项目实施情况的相关研究。目的探明浙江大学医学院附属第二医院“分层督导式教学门诊”培训项目的实施现状与阻碍因素,为制定问题导向的应对策略提供理论参考和策略支持。方法2021年10月—2022年1月,基于CIPP模型,使用内容分析法、专家会议法、深度访谈法、专家评分法、问卷调查法等多种研究方法,从背景、输入、过程和成果4个方面对浙江大学医学院附属第二医院全科医学科“分层督导式教学门诊”培训项目的实施情况进行系统评估。结果政策文件分析和文献回顾结果表明,社区师资培训是受到国家卫生政策大力支持的医疗人才培养计划,且目前在国内已有广泛的实践基础。浙江大学医学院附属第二医院全科医学科“分层督导式教学门诊”培训制度基本涵盖了社区全科师资培训的内容和过程规范,基层实践基地制定的考核和激励制度缺乏实施细则,2021年5月—2022年1月,10名基层指导医师共完成了57人次社区教学门诊,每人参加4~7轮次,人均门诊教学能力评价得分从第1轮次的(78.6±5.7)分提升至第7轮次的(87.8±4.5)分。基层指导医师和全科住院医师对“教学场地与设备”“培训形式”“培训内容”及“培训效果”的满意度均超过90%,但基层指导医师对“教学激励制度”的满意度仅为20%。参与项目培训的受访者反映目前存在的主要阻碍因素是“教学相关激励制度不健全”“教学门诊患者招募困难”与“培训内容适用性不足”。结论“分层督导式教学门诊”培训项目初期取得了较为理想的结果,但仍有较大的提升空间,在下一阶段的培训中需要结合基层实践基地的实际情况制定相应的策略,以持续地改进培训质量。

固-液界面接触角测定实验的课程思政设计

固液界面接触角的测定是一个重要的物理化学实验,本案例结合特殊润湿性材料可处理含油废水这一科研进展,将其改进为一个融入课程思政元素的综合创新实验,不仅能提升学生的学习兴趣,还能引导学生学会理论联系实际,利用所学专业知识来保护自然、治理环境,培养学生的社会责任感和专业自豪感,有助于达成创新型人才培养目标。

“激励与发展”为导向的体育课成绩标准化评价方法改革研究与实践

在“激励与发展”理念的指导下,对体育课成绩标准化评价方法改革进行了分析。首先讨论了“激励与发展”为导向的体育课成绩标准化评价方法改革的意义,相应的改革不仅可以促使体育成绩评价更加公平合理,还能够激发学生的内在学习体育的动力,提升学生的体育学习效果,之后分析了当前体育成绩评价存在的问题,提出了一些体育课成绩标准化评价方法实践措施,希望能够为相关研究提供一定的参考。

基于学业质量的义务教育体育与健康课程学习评价的内涵解析、应然取向与实践框架

体育与健康课程学习评价是确保体育与健康课程改革落到实处的关键举措和重要保障。《义务教育体育与健康课程标准(2022年版)》研制了学业质量标准,为义务教育体育与健康课程学习评价改革提供了依据。在系统分析基于学业质量的体育与健康课程学习评价的内涵和应然价值取向的基础上,以评价三角理论为理论基础,构建了认知、观察、解读、运用“四位一体”的体育与健康课程学习评价实践框架,其中学业质量标准是认知框架设计的依据,学习评价指标体系是学习评价的具体内容,而基于证据推理的过程模型是体育与健康课程学习评价的基本范式。

新课标实施背景下我国体育中考改革的现实困囿与纾解路径

体育中考作为当前我国一项国家层面的体育考试,对促进学生身心健康发展和提高学校体育工作质量发挥积极作用。通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法等对我国体育中考改革现状进行系统梳理,同时以《义务教育体育与健康课程标准(2022年版)》为参照,发现其存在考试目的偏离课标要求、考试内容与实践脱节、计分办法科学性不足、过程性评价形式化及特殊考生处理办法僵化等问题。在此基础上,分析问题成因并提出通过凝聚价值认同、优化评价内容、建立科学评价体系及健全管理和保障机制等路径纾解现实困囿,进而推进体育中考的科学改革。

高职院校公共体育课程思政效果评价体系构建研究

课程思政效果评价作为学校课程思政建设的关键环节,为提升育人质量提供重要的实践反馈和策略指向。分析高职院校公共体育课程思政效果评价体系的现状,发现其存在评价指标不够科学、评价方法单一及评价结果缺乏实践应用等现实困境。针对其困境,构建了以学生为中心,以校内评价为内环,校外评价为外环的评价主体模型,并从认知、情感、价值和行为4个维度出发,构建了包含认知提升、情感认同、价值取向、行为塑造4个一级指标,18个二级指标的高职院校公共体育课程思政效果评价指标体系,并对体系的各指标进行赋值,为高职院校公共体育课程思政效果评价体系的构建与完善提供借鉴参考。

体育线上教学效果评价体系构建研究

根据系统方法论、德尔菲法和层次分析法的相关理论构建体育线上教学效果评价体系,对体育线上教学评价问题进行研究。该评价体系可科学评价体育线上教学效果,评价结果可信度较高。

评教还是评人:普通高校体育课程学生评教有效性研究

采用问卷调查、数理统计等方法对普通高校体育课程学生评教有效性进行实证研究。研究发现,学生评教既是对“教”的评价,也是对“人”的评价,评教分数具有区分度和有效性。具体而言:(1)“一表多课”学生评教体系造成体育课程评教分数低于其他课程;(2)教学因素影响评教结果,教得好(教学效果好)的教师评教分数较好;(3)非教学因素“人”影响学生评教分数,青年教师、讲师、人缘好、颜值好、技能好的女性教师更易获学生好评,即体育课程教师存在差异;(4)体育课程教学项目评教也存差异,三大球、三小球优于武术、健美操、瑜伽等项目。研究认为,构建不同课程评教指标、实现评教专业化发展,加强学生评教宣传,助力评教公正公平,用好评教结果,实现以评促教,从而有效提升普通高校体育课程教学质量。

基于Spring MVC架构的体育远程互动教学系统

为了解决现有系统存在互动延迟的问题,提出了基于Spring模型、视图、控制器(Model View Controller,MVC)架构的体育远程互动教学系统。首先,对数据进行去干扰处理,设计互动教学数据库。其次,在数据库的基础上,基于Spring MVC架构设计体育远程教学互动系统。最后,通过互动响应时间测试系统性能。实验结果表明,设计系统的响应时间较短,可有效减少教学过程互动延迟情况的发生,实现体育远程教学的有效互动。

张厚粲教育考试与测评思想及贡献

张厚粲先生是我国著名的心理学家、教育学家、科学家与社会活动家,从推动传统高考改革开始倾其一生为教育考试与测评事业作出重大贡献,引领了中国教育考试科学化研究方向。本文从高考改革、人力资源测验和考试测量理论技术等方面梳理张厚粲先生的学术思想及贡献,期望新一代教育工作者能够接续奋斗,站在巨人的肩膀上不断推动我国教育考试与评价事业的进步与发展。

高校公共体育教学过程性评价研究

评价体系是反馈体育教学质量的重要依据,也是推动体育教学改革的关键抓手。过程性评价与终结性评价相比,具有自身独特的优势和价值内涵,更关注学生在学习过程中的态度认知、品质转变和提升幅度。基于《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》的指导引领,高校公共体育教学工作应切实加强对过程性评价的重视、设计与开发,不断细化过程性评价内容及指标,确保与诊断性评价、终结性评价保持一体化平衡。

高校体育课程思政元素的萃取解析及应用策略

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑推理法等研究方法,基于社会主义核心价值观、《高等学校课程思政建设纲要》、体育学科核心素养、大学生思想道德素质目标等理论依据,从“政治素养、道德素养、个人发展”3个维度对高校体育课程思政元素进行凝练萃取、深入挖掘与深度解析;并依据项群理论,归类分析不同运动项目所蕴含的思政元素,夯实课程思政元素库与教学案例库。针对育人机制、教学设计、体育教师、评价机制等现实困境对高校体育课程思政的建设进行系统推进。在协同育人方面提出“部部协同、课课协同、人人协同”的机制、在教学设计方面对“教学目标的制定、教学任务的规划、教学内容的选择”进行优化、在体育教师方面提出“育人先育己、教学先知学、共进先共享、立道先立德”的意见建议、在评价机制方面对“评价主体、评价客体、评价方法、评价效果”进行完善,以期推动高校体育课程思政走深走实、落实落细、见行见效。

普通高校体育教育专业学生能力培养与评价研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法等方法,遵循客观性、系统性、指导性等原则,探索培养普通高校体育教育专业学生教学能力、科研能力、实践能力的有效途径。通过科学合理的评价可以督促学生学习,促进教改活动,提升教学质量。

基于CIPP模型的公共体育课程思政评价指标体系构建

该研究基于CIPP评估模型,旨在构建公共体育课程思政评价指标体系,并通过实证研究验证其可行性和有效性。研究采用问卷调查和实地观察相结合的方法,以某高校公共体育课程为研究对象,对课程思政的实施情况进行评价。研究结果表明,构建的评价指标体系能够全面、准确地评估公共体育课程思政的成效,为进一步提升课程思政质量提供科学依据。

新时代高校体育教学团队评价指标体系建构的实证研究

运用文献研究法、德尔菲法及层次分析法,基于中国高校体育教学团队的特点和借鉴专家构建“团队指标体系”的相关经验,构建中国高校体育教学团队评价指标体系.该指标体系的构建包括4个步骤,即形成建构思路,设定构建目标,确定建构程序和优化指标,最终形成了由3个一级指标、9个二级指标和27个三级指标构成的中国高校体育教学团队评价指标体系.通过案例分析验证了该指标体系能够较为客观、准确地评价高校体育教学团队的发展水平.同时,针对该指标体系各维度划分的合理性及各指标权重设置的科学性展开了分析,论证了该指标体系是落实创建国家教学团队政策的重要举措.