Measurement on Physicochemical Properties ofNaCl-KCl-ScCl_3 System for Manufacture of Al-Sc Alloy by Molten Salt Electrolysis

The physicochemical properties of the system, such as density, surface tension, specific conductance and melting point were measured. The results were discussed.

Integrated On-line Instrumentation System of Magnetic Properties Measurement

A portable microcomputer-controlled inspection system has been developed for detection of magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials. It incorporates custom designed software for control of the magnetic field during operation such as demagnetization, field sweeping, and for data logging and analysis. Results are recorded using a 12-bit analog to digital converter and are then stored on disk. The magnetic hysteresis loop and Barkhausen noise data can be converted into important magnetic parameters: coecivity, remanence, and hysteresis loss, Barkhausen amplitude, and Barkhausen noise energy. This system incorporated with the magnetostriction, and magnetoacoustic emission, is then related with the nondestructive detection of material degradation.

Evaluation of myocardial viability during cold storage by measurement of myocardual dielectric properties tanδm in radio frequency

Objective To study the mechanism of myocardial dielectric property changes in radio frequency during hypothermic preservation and explore myocardial viability evaluative method. Methods Hybrid young pigs ( 20 - 30 kg) were used in the experiment. Heart arrest was in-

The study of measuring technology on the dynamic mechanical properties of welded joint with high strainrate

In this paper, to meet the needs of studying work of dynamic mechanical properties of welded joint, the dynamic mechanical properties of welded joint were measured by means of SHPB(Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar).The dynamic mechanical property's curves of every part of welded joint were obtained. For studying the dynamic behavior of mechanical heterogeneity of welded joint, important data were offered. The method of test creates a new way of studying dynamic mechanical properties of welded joint.

Systematic evaluation of maternal and infant health literacy assessment tools based on COSMIN guidelines

Background:To systematically evaluate the measurement performance of the maternal and child health literacy scale and the study’s methodological quality and to provide a reference for selecting and developing related health outcome measurement tools.Methods:Databases such as CNKI,PubMed,and Embase were searched,and the search time frame was established until January 2023.The literature was independently screened by two researchers.The methodological quality and measurement performance of the included scales were evaluated using the health measurement tool selection criteria,and the evaluation results were summarized and analyzed using descriptive analysis.Results:A total of six papers were included,covering six specific scales,with significant differences in the methodological quality and measurement performance of their development studies,none of which evaluated hypothesis testing,the validity of scales,cross-cultural validity,measurement error,or responsiveness.Conclusion:The methodological quality and scale measurement performance of the maternal health literacy inventory in pregnancy,the women’s reproductive health literacy in pregnancy questionnaire,and the maternal and infant health literacy scale development studies are relatively high,but the number of studies on maternal and infant health literacy specific scales is relatively insufficient,and more studies should be conducted in the future.

PROPERTIES OF FeMnSiCrNi SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS

Some mechanical and thermal properties of FeMnSiCrNi shape memory alloys are studied The results show that Fe 14Mn 6Si 9Cr 5Ni alloy among the alloys studied has the best SME with an absolute recovery strain of 6 2% when training method is used The preexisting ε martensite (thermal and stress induced)is beneficial to the shape memory effect Up to a critical prestrain with a critical training time,the absolute recovery strain increases. Any further increase of prestrain or training time leads to the appearance of α′ phase identified by superelasticity measurement Alloys with good SME also have good creep and stress relaxation resistance,and hence possible industrial application for couplings

Vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties based on aircraft measurements over the Loess Plateau in China

Vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties based on aircraft measurements over the Loess Plateau were measured for the first time during a summertime aircraft campaign, 2013 in Shanxi, China. Data from four flights were analyzed. The vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties including aerosol scattering coefficients（σsc）, absorption coefficients（σab）,Angstr？m exponent（α）, single scattering albedo（ω）, backscattering ratio（βsc）, aerosol mass scattering proficiency（Q sc） and aerosol surface scattering proficiency（Q sc′） were obtained. The mean statistical values of σsc were 77.45 Mm-1（at 450 nm）, 50.72 Mm-1（at 550 nm）, and32.02 Mm-1（at 700 nm）. The mean value of σab was 7.62 Mm-1（at 550 nm）. The mean values ofα, βsc and ω were 1.93, 0.15, and 0.91, respectively. Aerosol concentration decreased with altitude. Most effective diameters（ED） of aerosols were less than 0.8 μm. The vertical profiles of σsc,, α, βsc, Q sc and Q sc′ showed that the aerosol scattering properties at lower levels contributed the most to the total aerosol radiative forcing. Both α and βsc had relatively large values, suggesting that most aerosols in the observational region were small particles. The mean values of σsc, α, βsc, Q sc, Q sc′, σab and ω at different height ranges showed that most of the parameters decreased with altitude. The forty-eight hour backward trajectories of air masses during the observation days indicated that the majority of aerosols in the lower level contributed the most to the total aerosol loading, and most of these particles originated from local or regional pollution emissions.

Seasonal variability of cirrus depolarization properties derived from CALIPSO lidar measurements over Beijing in China

The seasonal variability of cirrus depolarization ratio and its altitude at the region of Beijing （39.93°N, 116.43°E, the capital of China） are presented. From the results obtained from the cloud aerosol lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observations lidar measurements, it appears that the values of depolarization ratio and altitude of cirrus are generally higher in autumn and summer than those in spring and winter, and the cirrus altitude is modulated by the height of tropopause. Additionally, the depolarization ratio tends to linearly vary with the increase of altitude and the decrease of temperature.

The manufacture of a three-dimensional transducer used in laboratory

Since the development of ultrasonic pulse technique seismologists can study the seismic problems by simulation experiments in laboratries. In the 1950s Oliver (1954) conducted two-dimensional seismic model experimental study. Henceforth geophysical model experiments have been conducted widly all over the world. In 1958 Zhao et al. of Peking University built the apparatures for seismic model experiments and did various model experiments (Zhao, 1986). In the 1960s, Birch (1960) measured the velocity of seismic waves in rocks under high pressure and first used the ultrasonic technique in the measurement of physical properties of rocks under high pressure. Since the end of the 1960s people paid attention to wave velocity anomaly as a seismic precursor, and simulation experiments of wave velocity anomoly have been developed (Nur, 1969; Liu and Lai, 1986; Liu, 1989). In the 1980s the developments of three-dimensional AE loation technique provided the conditions for study of seismic source mechanism in the laboratory (Kusunose, et al., 1981 ). All the experimental studies mentioned above used one-dimensional transducers. But the experiments require three-dimensional transducers with high precision to get accurate experimental data. We have manufactured three-dimensional transducers used in the laboratory,and they are able to stand high temperature and high pressure. By using the three-dimensional transducer in the laboratory the shape and the arrival times of longitudinal wave (P) and transverse wave in two polarization directions (S1, S2) can be measured simulataneously. Therefore, in the measurement of parameters of physical properties, the velocities, attenuation properties and frequency spectra of longitudinal wave (P) and transverse waves (S1, S2) can be measured with the same sample in the same experiemnt. Thus the problem caused by the difference in conditions of two experiments can be avoided. These trnasducers can also be used in model experiments and acoustic-wave position location, and under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

Structural Characterization of Thin Epitaxial GaN Films on Polymer Polyimides Substrates by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition

The Epitaxial GaN thin films have been fabricated by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) process using nitrogen ions with hyperthermal energies on the polyimides polymer substrates. By applying with the Reflection of High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Quantum Design Physical Properties Measurement System, the behaviour of hexagonal GaN thin films is investigated. The result showed that the high quality of the deposited GaN layers kept appearing for many parameters depending on the temperature greatly. The behaviour of high quality of epitaxial GaN coating on the polyimide polymer substrates is a promising material for optoelectronic devices and semiconductor devices application.

Techniques and Apparatus for Measuring Rotational Core Losses of Soft Magnetic Materials

In many situations such as the cores of a rotating electrical machine and the T joints of a multiphase transformer, the local flux density varies with time in terms of both magnitude and direction, i.e. the flux density vector is rotating. Therefore, the magnetic properties of the core materials under the rotating flux density vector excitation should be properly measured, modeled and applied in the design and analysis of these electromagnetic devices. This paper presents an extensive review on the development of techniques and apparatus for measuring the rotational core losses of soft magnetic materials based on the experiences of various researchers in the last hundred years.

On the Perfection of Legislation on Property Rights Protection of Criminal Suspects in Investigation Process

The property rights of a criminal suspect are an important component of human rights,but,unfortunately,may be restrained by factors in the investigation process like judicial stereotypes,legal regulations,and a lack of initiative on the part of the rights holder,which,from time to time,may result in infringements of such rights.Thus it is necessary for us to probe into the reasons why such infringements occur and sort out the contents about enhancing property rights protection of criminal suspects in the amendment to Criminal Procedure Law.To counter the existing disregard for property rights protection of criminal suspects and its legislative deficiency,judicial reform must be carried out as to three aspects:procedural improvement,institutional establishment,and judicial transformation property rights ideas in criminal proceedings.

In-Situ Measurements of Cloud-Precipitation Microphysics in the East Asian Monsoon Region Since 1960

A large number of in-situ measurements of cloud-precipitation microphysical properties have been made since 1960, including measurements of particle size distribution, particle concentration, and liquid water content of clouds and rain. These measurements have contributed to considerable progress in understanding microphysical processes in clouds and precipitation and significant improvements in parameterizations of cloud microphysics in numerical models. This work reviews key findings regarding cloud-precipitation microphysics over China. The total number concentrations of various particles vary significantly, with certain characteristic spatial scales. The size distributions of cloud droplets in stratiform clouds can generally be fit with gamma distributions, but the fit parameters cover a wide range. Raindrop size distributions（RSDs）associated with stratiform clouds can be fit with either exponential or gamma distributions, while RSDs associated with convective or mixed stratiform-cumuliform clouds are best fit with gamma distributions.Concentrations of ice nuclei（IN） over China are higher than those observed over other regions, and increase exponentially as temperature decreases. The particle size distributions of ice crystals, snow crystals, and hailstones sampled at a variety of locations can be reliably approximated by using exponential distributions,while aerosol particle size distributions are best described as the sum of a modified gamma distribution and a Junge power-law distribution. These results are helpful for evaluating and improving the fidelity of physical processes and hydrometeor fields simulated by microphysical parameterizations. The comprehensive summary and analysis of previous work presented here also provide useful guidelines for the design of future observational programs.

Optical property measurements of 235 mm large-scale Ti:sapphire crystal

A Ti：sapphire crystal with a diameter of 235 mm and thickness of 72 mm was grown by the heat exchange method（HEM）. The absorption intensity of the crystal at 532 nm averaged at 91%. The figures of merit（FOMs）at different positions of the crystal were measured and the FOM value in the central region was found to reach 90.The transmittance laser beam was intact with no obvious distortions and had only a small deformation compared with the incident laser beam. A small-signal amplification experiment was performed on the Ti：sapphire crystal and a gain of more than 6 times was achieved with a pump energy density of 1.98 J∕cm^2. These tests indicate that the 235 mm Ti：sapphire crystal has excellent optical qualities and will further improve the energy output of a 10 PW laser system.

Effect of Chloride on Semiconducting Properties of Passive Films Formed on Supermartensitic Stainless Steel in NaHCO_3 Solution

The effects of chloride ion on the electrochemical behavior and the semiconducting properties of the passive film on supermartensitic stainless steel in 0.5 mol/L NaHCO_3 solution were investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, the potentiostatic current transients and Mott-Schottky analysis. The results indicated that chloride ion narrowed passivation region and improved pitting susceptibility. The steady state current densities were independent of film-formed potentials, which was in good agreement with the assumption of the point defect model （PDM）. The capacitance results showed the fact that the passive films had a multilayer character. The defect density decreased with increasing passive film formation potential. The chloride ion induced changes of the acceptor densities and donor densities of the passive films.

Method based on broadband compressed pulse superposition to measure properties of underwater acoustic materials

A method is proposed for the measurements of the performances of underwater acoustic finite sized large area material samples in a free field by using broadband pulse compression technique. As the result of which, the low-frequency cutoff of the standard tests is obviously reduced, and the broadband measurements are also realized. The experimental system provides measurements of complex reflection and transmission coefficients at continuous frequency points. From the data one can obtain the following acoustic parameters: echo reduction and insertion loss, absorption and attenuation coefficients, etc. The measurements are performed for two actual panels with the size 1 m x 1 m in the frequency range from 2-20 kHz.

Speech distortion measure based on auditory properties

The Perceptual Spectrum Distortion (PSD), based on auditory properties of human being, is presented to measure speech distortion. The PSD measure calculates the speech distortion distance by simulating the auditory properties of human being and converting short-time speech power spectrum to auditory perceptual spectrum. Preliminary simulative experiments in comparison with the Itakura measure have been done. The results show that the PSD measure is a perferable speech distortion measure and more consistent with subjective assessment of speech quality.

High-precision method for measuring the photothermal properties of transparent media with digital holography

Quantitative phase microscopy by digital holography provides direct access to the phase profile of a transparent subject with high precision. This is useful for observing phenomena that modulate phase, but are otherwise difficult or impossible to detect. In this letter, a carefully constructed digital holographic apparatus is used to measure optically induced thermal lensing with an optical path difference precision of less than 1 nm. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the radial symmetry of a thermal lens, such data are processed to determine the absorption coefficient of transparent media with precisions as low as 1 × 10-5cm-1 using low power （30 mW） continuous wave （CW） excitation.

Photoacoustic measurement of the thermal property of condensed matter using a strong light-absorbing surface layer

By using a strong light-absorbing surface layer and front-surface illumination with a low power He-Ne laser ( 6mW), photoacoustic measurements of the thermal effusivities of materials have been made, based on the photoacoustic theory, derived in this paper, of condensed matter with a strong light- absorbing surface layer. This method can eliminate the stray light, give full play to the power of the light irradiation, and improve the signal to noise ratio. The experiment results are in good agreement with the theoretical values.

Clinical outcome measures in dementia with Lewy bodies trials: critique and recommendations

The selection of appropriate outcome measures is fundamental to the design of any successful clinical trial. Although dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common neurodegenerative conditions, assessment of therapeutic benefit in clinical trials often relies on tools developed for other conditions, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. These may not be sufficiently valid or sensitive to treatment changes in DLB, decreasing their utility. In this review, we discuss the limitations and strengths of selected available tools used to measure DLB-associated outcomes in clinical trials and highlight the potential roles for more specific objective measures. We emphasize that the existing outcome measures require validation in the DLB population and that DLB-specific outcomes need to be developed. Finally, we highlight how the selection of outcome measures may vary between symptomatic and disease-modifying therapy trials.