Microstructure and mechanical properties of BFe10 cupronickel alloy tubes fabricated by a horizontal continuous casting with heating-cooling combined mold technology

A new horizontal continuous casting method with heating-cooling combined mold （HCCM） technology was explored for fabri- cating high-quality thin-wall cupronickel alloy tubes used for heat exchange pipes. The microstructure and mechanical properties of BFe 10 cupronickel alloy tubes fabricated by HCCM and traditional continuous casting （cooling mold casting） were comparatively investigated. The results show that the tube fabricated by HCCM has smooth internal and external surfaces without any defects, and its internal and external surface roughnesses are 0.64 μm and 0.85 μm, respectively. The tube could be used for subsequent cold processing without other treatments such as surface planning, milling and acid-washing. This indicates that HCCM can effectively reduce the process flow and improve the pro- duction efficiency of a BFel0 cupronickel alloy tube. The tube has columnar grains along its axial direction with a major casting texture of {012}〈 621 〉. Compared with cooling mold casting （6 = 36.5%）, HCCM can improve elongation （3 = 46.3%） by 10% with a slight loss of strength, which indicates that HCCM remarkably improves the cold extension performance of a BFe 10 cupronickel alloy tube.

Microstructures and Properties of 550 MPa Grade High Strength Thin-walled H-beam Steel

The microstructures and mechanical properties of 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin-walled H-beam steel were experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the microstructure of the air-cooled H-beam steel sample is consisted of ferrite, pearlite and a small amount of granular bainites as well as fine and dispersive V（C,N） precipitates. The microstructure of the water-cooled steel sample is consisted of ferrite and bainite as well as a small amount of fine pearlites. The microstructure of the water-cooled sample is finer than that of the air-cooled sample with the average intercept size of the surface grains reaching to 3.5 gna. The finish rolling temperature of the thin-walled high strength H-beam steel is in the range of 750 ~C-850 ~C. The lower the finish rolling temperature and the faster the cooling rate, the finer the ferrite grains, the volume fraction of bainite is increased through water cooling process. Grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening are used as major strengthening means to develop 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin- walled H-beam steel. Vanadium partially soluted in the matrix and contributes to the solution strengthening. The 550 MPa grade high-strength thin-walled H-beam steel could be developed by direct air cooling after hot rolling to fully meet the requirements of the target properties.

Study on Interface mechanical behavior of steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile

Currently for the steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile research, although predecessors make a comprehensive research on the composite pile beating performance, design technology, but there are still many problems have not been solved, such as the steel tube reinforced concrete pile composite interracial force learn performance research is still in the initial stage. In this paper, we mainly discuss the research methods of several interface mechanical properties and propose the possibility of studying the mechanical properties of the steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile by using the principle of ultrasonic speckle.

Effects of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr25Ni35Nb and Cr35Ni45Nb furnace tube steel

Cr25Ni35Nb and Cr35Ni45Nb alloys are usually used in the ethylene cracking furnaces. However, premature failure of furnace tubes often occurs ahead of design life due to elevated temperature exposure conditions （1050-1100 ℃） and aggressive service environment. Effects of exposure temperature and time on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr25Ni35Nb and Cr35Ni45Nb steel at aging temperature （1200 ℃） with various exposure time were simulated different service times at 1050 ℃. Change of mechanical properties at room temperature and elevated temperature （900 ℃） of the aged Cr25Ni35Nb and Cr35Ni45Nb steel were investigated. Under exposure at 1200 ℃, ultimate tensile and yield strength, elongation of Cr35Ni45Nb steel increase initially and then decrease, however, strength and ductility of Cr25Ni35Nb steel decrease with aging time increasing. Large amount of fine secondary carbide particles precipitated and dispersed in matrix of Cr35Ni45Nb steel, which increased strength and ductility for dispersion strengthening. However, the effect of the dispersion strengthening is weakened by needle-like secondary carbides. Strength and ductility decreased with fine secondary carbide particles growing. For Cr25Ni35Nb steel, few fine secondary carbide particles precipitated and dispersed in the matrix, and needle-like secondary carbides generated in the matrix, which causes strength and ductility decreased with aging time increasing.

设缝方钢管混凝土短柱轴压力学性能研究

为改善方钢管混凝土柱受力后钢管容易发生屈曲的缺陷,使用设缝钢管代替通长钢管制作相关构件并进行了轴向压力实验对两类试件的力学性能进行研究。通过研究发现钢管设缝后不承受轴向荷载作用、不发生屈曲。随着荷载增加,钢管对核心混凝土的约束效果明显,荷载位移曲线上构件B表现出良好的延性;构件B的承载力略低于构件A。实验后剖开构件发现,核心混凝土表现为被压溃破坏,但在外部钢管约束下,压溃后的构件依然能够承受荷载。相关试验现象说明设缝后钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用更明显,改善了混凝土的受力特点,核心混凝土在外部钢管的约束作用下不但核心承载力得到了进一步提高,还表现出了良好的延性。

Comprehensive Control on Microstructures and Properties of Medium Carbon V-N Microalloyed Steel Seamless Oil-Well Tubes of Hot-Rolling Non-Quenched/Tempered

The relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties of a medium carbon V-N microalloyed steel used for N80 seamless oil-well tubes of hot rolling non-quenched/tempered (non-Q and T) was investigated.The results have shown that volume percentages of upper bainite,modified bainite and ferrite have a decisive influence on impact energies of steel tubes.When the total volume percentage of bainite is larger than 5%,the impact energy of tubes can not satisfy with the industrial criteria.Moreover,if the total volume percentage of bainite is smaller than 5%,then the impact energy of steel tubes enhances with volume percentage of ferrite increasing.The final microstructures have closely relation with tube billet quality,controlled cooling temperature after tube rolling and cooling method after stretch-reduction-diameter.High quality of medium carbon V-N microalloyed steel for non-Q and T oil-well tubes can be produced through comprehensive control of microstructures and mechanical properties in sub-procedures,especially for tube billet quality and controlled cooling parameters.

A Study of the Welding Parameters for High Frequency Welded Pipes

In cold roll forming, steel pipes are welded with different technology parameters in order to improve the steel pipe＇s quality, thus we should optimize the technology parameters for producing steel pipes. By means of metallographic examination, scanning electron microscope examination, hardness test, impact test, bend test, tensile test and so on, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel pipes were investigated. The test results show that welding defects such as crack and blowholes are not found. The microstructure of the welded metal is Widmanstatten ; the microstructure of the heat affected zone is Widmanstatten, pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite, and the base metal is pearlite and ferrite. The highest of the metal Brinell hardness is in the weld seam, followed by the heat affected zone, and the lowest is in the base metal. The microstructure of the weld metal is coarse, which results in that the toughness of the weld is the lowest, but the hardness of the welds is the highest in the weld zone. The bend angles of the weld metal present a mountainous shape with the surface energy. Only when the surface energy is of the best value, the mechanical properties of the weld metal is the best.

石墨管与不锈钢管钎焊接头的组织和残余应力

为使石墨材料能够在空间核电散热装置中更充分地发挥其价值,本文采用BNi-2钎料真空钎焊连接等静压石墨管和304不锈钢管,研究了石墨/BNi-2/不锈钢接头在1010℃、保温90 min条件下的显微组织和不同冷却工艺对接头残余应力的影响。研究表明:在1010℃,保温90 min条件下,钎焊接头致密无裂纹,Cr元素在石墨侧与石墨基体反应形成Cr_(7)C_(3)反应层,在不锈钢侧形成了σ-FeCr扩散层,界面接头组成为石墨/Cr_(7)C_(3)/Ni(s,s)+Ni_(3)Si/σ-FeCr/不锈钢;经缓冷工艺处理的接头,常温剪切强度为28.38 MPa,比炉冷处理的接头剪切强度提高了22%;有限元数值分析结果表明,采用缓慢冷却的钎焊工艺可以有效缓解钎焊接头在冷却过程中产生的残余应力,符合剪切实验结果。

P110S钢级油管管体断裂原因

某油井P110S钢级油管接箍下方8 m位置处发生断裂,采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、金相检验、扫描电镜和能谱分析、X射线衍射分析等方法对油管断裂原因进行分析。结果表明:该批油管力学性能不稳定,油管断口上的腐蚀产物主要为FeS;油管的强度较高、使用温度较低且质量较大,导致油管内部形成硫化物应力腐蚀开裂。

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接节点形式与研究进展

钢管混凝土结构体系中,梁柱节点的受力状态复杂,是结构体系中的关键连接部位,对结构的承载力、刚度以及稳定性能均有重要影响。对国内外钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接节点的相关研究进行了全面的综述,总结了内加强型连接节点、外加强型连接节点、贯通式连接节点、螺栓连接节点等各类钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接节点形式的特点和已有研究,从承载力、刚度、破坏模式、抗震性能、设计方法等方面对各类连接节点的优势和存在的问题进行了分析和归纳。旨在为钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接节点的相关研究提供参考,促进钢管混凝土柱结构体系的研究和工程应用。

钢管混凝土墩柱结构设计优化与力学性能研究

为了提高普通钢管混凝土墩柱的承载性能,满足井下巷道高度2.5~3.0m特定条件巷旁支护体的需求,提出了一种内配型钢钢管混凝土墩柱支护体,设计了满足井下巷道尺寸的特定长径比的钢管混凝土墩柱参数。对普通钢管与内配型钢钢管混凝土短柱力学性能进行试验对比,并对钢管混凝土长柱轴压力学性能进行研究,结果表明:内配型钢钢管混凝土墩柱局部鼓曲现象及核心混凝土的破坏程度较轻,横向和纵向变形均小于普通钢管混凝土墩柱,在受力时破坏行为较为缓慢,延性性能较好;内配型钢钢管混凝土墩柱的极限承载力比普通钢管混凝土墩柱高约500kN;随着钢管管径的增加,钢管混凝土长柱的弹性极限应变为0.1%~0.6%,塑性极限应变为2.0%~6.7%,钢管混凝土长柱的承载能力受长径比的影响而显著降低,其破坏形式为明显的屈曲变形。研究结果可为钢管混凝土墩柱的结构优化和力学性能提升提供参考。

磷石膏掺量对钢管混凝土力学性能的影响

通过正交试验研究了粉煤灰掺量(10%、15%、20%、25%)、矿粉掺量(15%、20%、25%、30%)、磷石膏掺量(0、2%、4%、6%)对混凝土抗压强度的影响,优选出了最佳掺量,在此基础上,研究了磷石膏掺量(0、2%、4%、6%)对钢管混凝土轴压性能的影响。结果表明:当粉煤灰、矿粉、磷石膏的掺量分别为10%、20%、2%时,混凝土的28 d抗压强度最大;随着磷石膏掺量的增加,钢管混凝土试件的极限承载力先增大后减小,最佳掺量为2%,此时,钢管混凝土试件受压破坏后的横向变形不明显。

服役态不同晶粒度TP347HFG钢管的显微组织与力学性能的对比

采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电子万能试验机等研究了奥氏体晶粒度分别为7级(粗晶)与10级(细晶)的TP347HFG高温再热器管在600℃下服役约5万小时后的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:服役态两种不同晶粒度的TP347HFG钢管的组织都发生了不同程度的老化,粗晶管的老化程度小于细晶管。粗晶管的奥氏体晶粒尺寸大,除含有较多粗大的初生MX相颗粒外,还在奥氏体晶内析出纳米级次生MX颗粒,同时在奥氏体晶界析出M_(23) C_(6)相颗粒。相反,虽然细晶管的奥氏体晶粒细小,但组织老化更严重,析出的第二相颗粒数量多,且以M_(23) C_(6)相颗粒为主,次生MX颗粒较少,无初生MX相颗粒。细晶管的室温及高温拉伸强度均高于粗晶管,但其断后伸长率低,屈强比较高,塑性变形能力较低。粗、细晶TP347HFG钢管在高温下的屈强比差异更大,粗晶管具有更高的服役安全性。

深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽大尺寸钢管混凝土半埋 入式柱脚性能试验研究

深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽位于地下空间资源紧张的城市核心区,规模巨大且荷载工况复杂,核心换乘区设有51.2m×48.0m的无柱超大跨中庭。为解决由场地条件限制导致的柱脚埋深不足问题,结合已有研究成果和工程实践经验,依托深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽,提出并设计了半埋入式钢管混凝土柱脚节点。为检验节点可靠性,通过1/5大比例缩尺模型试验结合数值分析研究了轴力、剪力和弯矩共同作用下的半埋入式柱脚节点的力学响应,分析了柱脚内部的应力分布规律,揭示了同时设置环板和栓钉作为抗剪连接件时的工作机理。分析结果表明:设计荷载工况下,钢管混凝土柱轴力主要通过环板和柱脚底板传递,弯矩主要通过钢管侧壁承压传递;环板埋深较浅时可以获得较高的传力效率,但其下部混凝土易出现应力集中;钢管侧壁栓钉在埋置深度范围内均能够较好地发挥抗剪作用。承台下部桩基布置合理,设计荷载工况下未见承台冲切破坏特征、节点整体处于弹性工作状态;1.2倍设计荷载工况下节点刚度仍未见明显退化,节点混凝土未出现压溃或剥落,表面无可见裂缝发展,各关键位置钢材应力低于材料强度。设置环板和栓钉作为剪力连接件的半埋入式柱脚可以实现对钢管混凝土柱的可靠嵌固,提出的采用抗剪环板加强的钢管混凝土半埋入式柱脚节点设计与构造方案合理可行,满足结构安全要求。

热-湿-力耦合作用对高温后方钢管混凝土短柱轴压力学性能影响试验研究

火灾发生时钢管混凝土内部会产生水蒸气,为探讨热-湿-力耦合作用对高温后方钢管混凝土轴压力学性能的影响,进行了10根高温后方形钢管混凝土短柱轴压力学性能试验,研究排气孔数量、布置位置、轴压比和升温时间等参数对其破坏形态、轴压刚度与剩余承载力等力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,试件破坏形态表现为压溃破坏;在其他参数相同的情况下,与升温前相比,随着排气孔数量从2个增加至4个和6个,轴压刚度分别降低了69.1%、73.3%、76.4%,剩余承载力分别降低了15.8%、16.2%、21.7%。轴压刚度随轴压比的增大而降低;随着升温时间的延长,剩余承载力先随轴压比的增大而增大,后随轴压比的增大而减小。研究结果可为钢管混凝土柱的抗火设计和该类结构火灾后的损伤评估与加固提供参考。

不同参数下新型灌浆套筒力学性能研究

为研究环肋数量、环肋间距、环肋深度、钢筋锚固长度、钢筋直径对以无缝钢管制成的新型灌浆套筒力学性能的影响,以Q390B低合金无缝钢管为原材料,设计制作23组共69个全灌浆套筒连接试件进行单向拉伸试验。此外,采用ABAQUS进行数值模拟,并将数值分析结果与试验值进行对比,分析上述参数对套筒试件承载力、破坏模式、应力分布等的影响。结果表明:数值分析结果与试验值吻合良好,充分验证了数值模型分析的可行性;套筒环肋不宜设置在钢筋弹性段区域及套筒中部位置附近;环肋数量在一定区间内增加有利于提高套筒承载力;环肋间距与环肋深度过大、过小均不利于提高套筒承载力,且应力集中现象明显;锚固长度不小于6倍钢筋直径即可满足套筒承载力要求,且套筒内径与钢筋直径差值不宜小于12mm。

高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙力学性能试验研究

文中主要就高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙力学性能及抗震性能进行研究。研究表明,高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙荷载-位移曲线及钢板的荷载-应变曲线均包括弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段以及失效阶段。随着轴压比的降低,试件的峰值荷载、顶点侧移、极限位移以及对应的水平荷载均不断增加;钢板的峰值荷载、极限应变均不断增加,剪力墙的骨架曲线末端未出现下降阶段;试件的等效黏滞阻尼系数不断降低,其耗能能力越低。三种轴压比剪力墙的刚度退化曲线基本一致,均呈现钟形,随着顶点侧移的增加,剪力墙的刚度先快速降低后稳定缓慢降低。

钠冷快堆堆内构件用奥氏体不锈钢无缝管的开发

采用真空感应+电渣重熔+均质化热处理+锻造+热挤压+冷轧工艺实现了钠冷快堆堆内构件用TP316H不锈钢无缝管的国产化,并检验了产品表面质量及尺寸、化学成分、金相组织、室温-650℃的拉伸性能、室温冲击及硬度、高温持久性能等。结果表明:该TP316H不锈钢无缝管表面质量良好,尺寸精度高;化学成分完全可控,纵向平均晶粒度约为5.5级,非金属夹杂物级别极低,铁素体含量为0,钢质纯净;室温及高温力学性能优异,耐晶间腐蚀性能优良,完全满足钠冷快堆堆内构件的工况运行要求。

高温时效粗、细晶TP347HFG耐热钢管的显微组织与力学性能对比研究

目的揭示奥氏体晶粒粗化对该钢管服役可靠性的影响。方法采用预变形加固溶处理工艺制备粗晶试样,以模拟长期高温服役TP347HFG钢管中奥氏体晶粒异常长大状态。开展650℃直至3600 h时效后的粗、细晶TP347HFG钢试样显微组织及力学性能的对比研究。结果高温时效过程中,粗、细晶试样奥氏体晶粒大小基本保持不变,孪晶密度降低。第二相颗粒析出行为没有明显差异,M_(23)C_(6)相颗粒优先在奥氏体晶界析出、粗化,但粗晶试样中的M_(23)C_(6)相析出更快,粗化更明显。随时效时间延长,粗、细晶试样的室温、高温拉伸力学性能变化趋势基本一致,室温、高温强度变化不明显,但塑性相差较大。经650℃时效3600 h后,粗晶试样600℃拉伸时的断后伸长率较细晶试样显著下降了30.4%。结论粗晶TP347HFG钢管的高温塑性应受到重点关注。

钢管混凝土系杆拱桥吊杆连锁破断力学性能研究

通过有限元软件建立某下承式钢管混凝土系杆拱桥空间分析模型,建立评价标准分析桥梁结构各组成部分的响应,对拱桥发生吊杆破断连锁反应过程中结构力学性能进行研究。结果表明,仅跨中2根吊杆破断即有可能引发后续吊杆破断连锁反应。在吊杆破断连锁反应过程中,系杆梁与桥面会先于拱肋发生破坏;吊杆破断连锁反应不足以引发结构失稳,发生单侧吊杆破断连锁反应后结构破坏形式为桥面系与拱肋破坏的局部垮塌。