耦合优化蚁群算法与P-Median model的选址模型设计

为节省城建部门对于公共体育设施的投入成本以及提高城市人民生活质量,以运动场所优化选址为例,提出一种新型设施选址模型。该模型主要基于P-Median model(最小化阻抗模型)根据需求点数量从全部候选设施选址中选择设施空间位置,让用户达到离自己最近设施距离成本总和最小的目的,对选址的基本原则和实际情况提出要求,构造目标函数用于优化后蚁群算法求解进行选址工作。优化蚁群算法实现基于Python语言模块,通过改进蚁群原始信息素,提升原有算法的收敛速度,求出目标函数最优解,可以很好地模拟对于运动场所的选址。用二者耦合进行优势互补所设计的选址模型来搜寻研究区蚁群信息素浓度残留最大的栅格像元,从而确定未被已有设施点服务半径覆盖的最佳设施点建立位置。实验结果表明,该新型选址模型相较于最小化阻抗模型与最大化覆盖模型,新增优化设施点使整体服务半径覆盖率分别高出10.42%和6.95%,适合求解较为精确且小规模空间下的选址问题。

Median-of-Means方法在偏度系数中的应用

传统偏度系数的定义涉及样本均值和三阶矩,使其对离群值十分敏感。本文在偏度系数的估计中引入Median-of-Means方法,提出偏度系数的新估计量,并证明其相合性和渐近正态性。此外,基于经验似然方法提出一种新的偏度系数检验统计量,证明其渐近性质并进行数值模拟。结果表明,本文提出的估计量具有一定稳健性,检验统计量表现也优于传统方法。最后将所提出的估计与检验方法应用于实际数据分析发现,估计结果比较稳健,进一步表明原有的偏度系数估计方法并不适用。

Simultaneous Compression of the Celiac Trunk, Superior Mesenteric Artery, and Renal Arteries by the Median Arcuate Ligament: About One Case

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS), is a rare abdominal vascular compression syndrome caused by the compression of the proximal celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament. According to many authors, a low insertion of the diaphragmatic crura or an abnormally high origin of the celiac trunk from the aorta can cause compression of the celiac artery. Usually, patients with MALS are asymptomatic. Computed tomography (CT) angiography of the abdomen is the main imaging modality to confirm the diagnosis. The coexistence of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery compression by the median arcuate ligament is rarely described in the literature. To our knowledge, until now, a simultaneous combination of three abdominal vascular compressions by the median arcuate ligament has never been described. From this case, we report a simultaneous compression of the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries by the median arcuate ligament.

An ultrasound-guided percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation regimen devised using finite element modeling promotes functional recovery after median nerve transection

Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of an injured nerve can promote and accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration and improve function.When performing acupuncture and moxibustion,locating the injured nerve using ultrasound before percutaneous nerve stimulation can help prevent further injury to an already injured nerve.However,stimulation parameters have not been standardized.In this study,we constructed a multi-layer human forearm model using finite element modeling.Taking current density and activated function as optimization indicators,the optimal percutaneous nerve stimulation parameters were established.The optimal parameters were parallel placement located 3 cm apart with the injury site at the midpoint between the needles.To validate the efficacy of this regimen,we performed a randomized controlled trial in 23 patients with median nerve transection who underwent neurorrhaphy.Patients who received conventional rehabilitation combined with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation experienced greater improvement in sensory function,motor function,and grip strength than those who received conventional rehabilitation combined with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.These findings suggest that the percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation regimen established in this study can improve global median nerve function in patients with median nerve transection.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome often poses a diagnostic challenge: A literature review with a scope of our own experience

The median arcuate ligament syndrome(MALS)is recognized as a rare clinical entity,characterized by chronic post-prandial abdominal pain,nausea,vomiting,and unintentional weight loss.Due to its vague symptomatology,it is mainly regarded as a diagnosis of exclusion.Patients can often be misdiagnosed for several years before a correct diagnosis is established,also due to a medical team’s clinical suspicion.We present a case series of two patients who suffered from MALS and were treated successfully.The first patient is a 32-year-old woman,presenting with post-prandial abdominal pain and weight loss that have lasted for the past ten years.The second patient,a 50-year-old woman,presented with similar symptomatology,with the symptoms lasting for the last five years.Both cases were treated by laparoscopic division of the median arcuate ligament fibers,which alleviated extrinsic pressure from the celiac artery.Previous cases of MALS were retrieved from PubMed,to assemble a better diagnostic algorithm and propose a treatment method of choice.The literature review suggests an angiography with a respiratory variation protocol as the diagnostic modality of choice,along with the laparoscopic division of the median arcuate ligament fibers as the proposed treatment of choice.

Median neuropathy after multiple punctures of the forearm for catheterization:A case report

BACKGROUND Neuropathy may occur at some sites after catheterization for close examination of cardiac disease.Although the radial artery is considered a relatively uncomplicated site for catheterization,the radial artery and median nerve are in relatively close proximity,with the risk of median nerve injury depending on the angle of puncture.The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of surgery performed for conservative therapy-resistant median neuropathy following forearm catheterization.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old woman experienced palsy from the right thumb to the radial side of the ring finger after catheterization from the radial artery of the right forearm.Paresthesia developed at the same site and a positive tinel-like sign was seen for the median nerve area at the high level of the puncture site.Nerve conduction study showed reduced compound muscle action potentials and loss of sensory nerve action potentials.Symptoms did not improve despite pharmacotherapy and the patient gradually developed flexion restrictions of the index and middle fingers.Median nerve injury and associated flexor tendon adhesion was diagnosed,and the patient was referred for surgery at 3 mo after injury.When the same area was opened,no injury to the median nerve epithelium was obvious,but the area of the positive tinel-like sign was highly adherent to surrounding tissue and to the flexor digitorum superficialis of the index and middle fingers.The surgery was terminated with adequate adhesion release.Rehabilitation was initiated postoperatively,improving neurological symptoms and range of motion of the fingers.Six months after surgery,the patient returned to daily activities without discomfort.CONCLUSION This case provides the appropriate diagnosis and treatment for a suspected peripheral nerve injury.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome complicated with gallbladder stones:A case report

BACKGROUND Median arcuate ligament syndrome(MALS)is a rare disease caused by compression of the celiac trunk artery by the median arcuate ligament(MAL).It can cause symptoms of postprandial abdominal pain,weight loss,and nausea and vomiting.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old woman was admitted due to abdominal pain,nausea and vomiting.On admission,the patient presented with epigastric pain that worsened after eating,without signs of peritoneal irritation.Computed tomography angiography of the upper abdomen showed compression of the proximal segment of the abdominal trunk,local luminal stenosis with angular“fishhook”changes,which changed significantly during forceful inspiration and expiration;gallbladder stones;and multiple cysts in the liver.Abdominal duplex ultrasonography showed that peak systolic velocity was 352 cm/s.After diagnosis of MALS was confirmed,an arch ligament release procedure was performed.MALS has no specific symptoms and can be misdiagnosed as other abdominal diseases.Awareness of MALS should be improved to avoid misdiagnosis.The commonly used treatment option is MAL release and resection of the peripheral ganglion of the celiac trunk artery.CONCLUSION The diagnosis and treatment of MALS must be individualized,and MAL release is effective and provides immediate symptomatic relief.

A Note on the Inverse Connected p-Median Problem on Block Graphs

Recently, the inverse connected p-median problem on block graphs G(V,E,w) under various cost functions, say rectilinear norm, Chebyshev norm, and bottleneck Hamming distance. Their contributions include finding a necessary and sufficient condition for the connected p-median problem on block graphs, developing algorithms and showing that these problems can be solved in O(n log n) time, where n is the number of vertices in the underlying block graph. Using similar technique, we show that some results are incorrect by a counter-example. Then we redefine some notations, reprove Theorem 1 and redescribe Theorem 2, Theorem 3 and Theorem 4.

Adaptive Threshold Median Filter for Multiple-Impulse Noise

Attenuating the noises plays an essential role in the image processing. Almost all the traditional median filters concern the removal of impulse noise having a single layer, whose noise gray level value is constant. In this paper, a new adaptive median filter is proposed to handle those images corrupted not only by single layer noise. The adaptive threshold median filter （ATMF） has been developed by combining the adaptive median filter （AMF） and two dynamic thresholds. Because of the dynamic threshold being used, the ATMF is able to balance the removal of the multiple-impulse noise and the quality of image. Comparison of the proposed method with traditional median filters is provided. Some visual examples are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed filter.

库区水上应急救助设施多因素P-median选址模型

为提高库区水域的水上应急救助能力和救助设施选址决策的科学性,在深入分析救助设施最优选址问题的基础上,引入应急需求点安全风险权重系数,以应急救助点覆盖半径为约束条件,建立同时考虑救助时间和安全风险的P-median水上应急救助设施选址模型。将所建模型应用于甘肃刘家峡库区水上应急救助设施选址问题,采用免疫算法求解模型,得到应急救助点最优选址方案。结果表明,用免疫算法能有效求得P-median应急救助设施选址模型的最优解。

贪心算法求解k-median问题

文章讨论了用贪心算法解k-m edian问题以及其试验结果。首先提出了一个解k-m edian问题的简单贪心算法,然后对求解质量和求解的近似性能比进行了探讨。主要讨论了公制空间和非公制空间初始解的产生,用贪心算法解k-m edian问题以及全局最优解的计算。试验结果表明:贪心算法解公制空间的k-m edian问题效果要好于解非公制空间的k-m edian问题;用贪心算法解公制空间和非公制空间k-m edian问题都能得到较好的结果。

使用MIP优化器求解p-median问题——以学校选址为例

通常采用启发式或元启发式算法求解区位问题.随计算机性能的大幅提升和整型规划(MIP)算法的持续改进,基于MIP优化器求解大规模区位问题模型已具有可行性.以有容量约束的县级市规模义务学校选址为例,构建p-median问题指派规划和一般整型规划模型,采用多个免费和商业优化器进行模型求解.案例测试表明:常见MIP优化器能高效地获得最优解或高质量可行解;与指派规划模型相比,构建p-median问题的一般整型规划模型更容易求解;商业MIP优化器明显优于开源软件.

K-median问题贪心近似算法的分析与实验

讨论K-median问题的贪心近似算法及其在实际计算中的表现。提出一个解K-median问题的贪心算法,证明该算法的近似度为O(In(n/k)),通过实验证明该贪心算法在实际应用当中可以取得较好的效果,大约有90%的客户能被距离其最近、次近和第三近的设备服务。

一类median问题的近似算法研究

利用Lin和Vitter的过滤思想研究了完全图的赋权median问题,并给出了一个近似算法.此算法可在最小化破坏背包约束的条件下求得问题的一个近似比为1+ε(ε>0)的解.

k-median问题反向贪心随机算法

k-median问题的近似算法研究一直是计算机科学工作者关注的焦点。基于均衡限制条件,利用反向贪心策略,给出求解该问题的随机近似算法。证明该算法以较大的概率满足其近似性能比的期望值为(3+O(ln(ln(k)/α))。该算法的时间复杂度为O([kαln(k)]2(n+m)),其中n和m分别代表设施集合以及客户点集的大小。最后,通过计算机实验验证了k-median问题的反向贪心算法的实际计算效果。

Adaptive median threshold algorithm used in FDIS of DSSS receivers

For direct sequence spread spectrum （DSSS） receivers, the capability of rejecting narrow-band interference can be significantly improved by a process of frequency-domain interference suppression （FDIS）. The key issue of this process is how to determine a threshold to eliminate interference in the frequency domain, which has been extensively studied. However, these previous methods are tedious or very complex. A simple and ef- ficient algorithm based on medians is proposed. The elimination threshold is only related to the median by a scale factor, which can be obtained by the numerical analysis. Simulation results show that the algorithm provides excellent narrow-band interfer- ence suppression while only slightly degrading the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. A one-pass algorithm using logarithmic segmentation is further derived to estimate medians with low computational complexity. Finally, the FDIS is implemented in a field programmable gate array （FPGA） of Xilinx. Experiments are carried out by connecting the FDIS FPGA to a DSSS receiver, and the results show that the receiver has an effective countermeasure for a 60 dB interference-to-signal ratio （ISR）.

近似k-median分类属性数据聚类

数据挖掘中解决分类属性数据聚类的算法有很多种,但大多数基于划分的方法得到的聚类中心一般不是数据集中的实际数据对象,缺乏实际的物理意义,有时会导致某一聚类为空。该文研究了近似k-median的求解算法,用数据的近似中值来代替模式进行聚类,提出了分类属性数据的近似k-median聚类算法,克服了一般基于划分的可分类属性数据聚类中所遇到的问题,仿真实验证明该算法有效。

基因组断点Median问题的算法研究

为有效解决生物信息学中的基因组断点median问题,针对4个以上环形基因组的一般情形,建立了该问题的图模型。鉴于基因组断点median问题自身的-困难性,从问题转化的角度,将其等价地化为图上的旅行商问题(TSP),找出二者之间最优解的关系,进而给出了其-近似算法,其中为用于求解TSP问题的近似算法的近似比。对算法的复杂度和近似比进行了分析,基于LINGO软件的算例表明了该算法的可行性和有效性。

一类基因组断点median问题的模型与算法

研究了来自生物信息学领域的基因组断点median问题。在无向环形基因组的经典情形的基础上,针对有向环形基因组的情形给出了模型和算法。基于LINGO软件的算例表明算法是可行和有效的。

LOCAL MEDIAN ESTIMATION OF VARIANCE FUNCTION

This paper considers local median estimation in fixed design regression problems. The proposed method is employed to estimate the median function and the variance function of a heteroscedastic regression model. Strong convergence rates of the proposed estimators are obtained. Simulation results are given to show the performance of the proposed methods.