Entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment

Considering the difficulty of fuzzy synthetic evaluation method in calculation of the multiple factors and ignorance of the relationship among evaluating objects, a new weight evaluation process using entropy method was introduced. This improved method for determination of weight of the evaluating indicators was applied in water quality assessment of the Three Gorges reservoir area. The results showed that this method was favorable for fuzzy synthetic evaluation when there were more than one evaluating objects. One calculation was enough for calculating every monitoring point. Compared with the original evaluation method, the method predigested the fuzzy synthetic evaluation process greatly and the evaluation results are more reasonable.

Application of traditional indexes and adverse events in the ophthalmologic perioperative medical quality evaluation during 2010-2012

AIM: To evaluate the medical quality of ophthalmologic perioperative period during 2010-2012 in our hospital. METHODS: The relevant data of perioperative period were collected in our hospital during 2010-2012, and the medical quality of perioperative period was evaluated by using the traditional evaluation indexes and adverse events. Whereby, the traditional indicators include vision changes, improving of intraocular pressure, diagnostic accordance rate before and after operation, cure improvement rate, successful rescue rate, and incidence of surgical complications, etc Adverse events are associated with ophthalmologic perioperative events including pressure sores, postoperative wound infection, drug adverse events, and equipment related adverse events. RESULTS: There were 1483, 1662 and 1931 ophthalmic operations in our hospital in the year 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. From traditional index analysis, the proportions of vision improvement for each year were 96.43%, 96.76% and 97.32%, respectively; the rates of intraocular pressure improvement were 87.50%, 85.72% and 90.17%, respectively ( P <0.05); the diagnostic accordance rates before and after operation were 99.86%, 99.94% and 99.90%, respectively; cure improvement rates were 99.73%, 99.93% and 99.84%, respectively; the successful rescue rates were 82.98%, 81.46% and 76.66%, respectively; the complications incidence rates were 18.44%, 17.52% and 17.97%, respectively. The negative factor analysis results showed that: among all the patients of ophthalmic surgeries in our hospital during 2010 and 2012, only one case of postoperative wound infection was found in 2011, and also only one case of tumbling in 2010. The adverse drug events for each year were 1 case (0.07%), 2 cases (0.12%), and 4 cases (0.21%), respectively; the medical device adverse events for each year were 3 cases (0.20%), 5 cases (0.30%), and 6 cases (0.31%), respectively. Noticeably, only one case with postoperative infection of endophthalmitis was found in 2011. Moreover, no pulmonary infection or pulmonary embolism occurred during the three years. The perioperative adverse event rates for each year were 0.34% (5/1483), 0.48% (8/1662) and 0.52% (10/1931), respectively. Though incidence was rising during the three years, no statistical significance was observed (P>0.05). It is the same case with drugs and medical devices adverse events (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Traditional indicators reflect an excellent operation of the perioperative ophthalmologic quality, whereas adverse events analysis indicates some underlying problems. Compared with the traditional indexes for medical quality evaluation, the index of adverse events is more reasonable and easier to make an objective evaluation for medical quality of ophthalmologic perioperation, facilitating further refine analysis. Reasonable application of the adverse events indicators helps hospital to make the detailed quality control measures.

Using the Delphi method to propose foods for special medical purposes health effect evaluation indicators

Objective:The Delphi method was used to propose health effect evaluation indicators to assess foods for special medical purposes(FSMPs).This lays the foundation for the formation of a big data model for human health testing,as well as a big data platform for the health and safety evaluation of special medical foods.Methods:The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the constructed FSMP health effect evaluation indicators.Results:Ten major items were identified after two rounds of expert consultation.Among these,there were 10 primary entries,32 secondary entries,50 tertiary entries,and 28 quaternary entries.Conclusion:The complete list of evaluation indicators contains 10 entries,which can comprehensively and systematically monitor adverse reactions to the use of FSMPs.The present findings lay the foundation for a big data platform to evaluate the health and safety of special foods.

A Quality Evaluation System for Dissertation Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

A dissertation is a research report or scientific paper written by an author to obtain a certain degree. It reflects postgraduates’ research achievements and the educational quality of an institute, even a country. To construct an optimized quality evaluation system for postgraduate dissertation (QESPD), we summarized the influencing factors and invited 10 experienced specialists to rate and prioritize them based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Four primary indicators (innovation, integrity, scientificity and normativity) and 16 sub-indicators were selected to form the evaluation system. The order of primary indicators by weight, was innovation (0.4269), scientificity (0.2807), integrity (0.1728) and normativity (0.1196). The top five sub-dimensions were theoretical originality, scientific value, data reliability, design rationality and evidence credibility. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a case study was performed. In the case study, it was demonstrated that the established two-index-hierarchy QESPD in this study was a more scientific and reasonable evaluation system worthy of promotion and application.

An Evaluation Scale of Medical Services Quality Based on “Patients' Experience”

An evaluation scale of medical services quality was developed on the basis of ＂patients＇ experience＂. The questionnaires were developed by, among others, searching relevant literature, col- lecting well-established assessment scales, measuring patients＇ experience and satisfaction, brain-storming, literature analysis. Delphi method was adopted for expert consultation. Scale items were screened and revised. The key indexes were converted. Field surveys were conducted for testing the reliability and validity of the scale. Our modified evaluation scale for measuring medical services quality based on ＂patients＇ experience＂ included 6 dimensions （tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and continuity）, and 50 items. The novel scale based on ＂patients＇ experience＂ may better serve the purpose of assessin~ medical services quality.

Evaluation of Laboratory Performance with Quality Indicators in Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Background: In January 2010, the implementation of quality management systems toward WHO-AFRO laboratory accreditation commenced in the Antiretroviral Treatment Laboratory of the Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Quality improvement projects were instituted in 2011 in line with ISO 15189 requirements for accreditation of medical laboratory. In this study we evaluated the performance of the laboratory through some set of quality indicators (QI). Methodology: This was a retrospective study to evaluate laboratory QIs monitored from January 2011 to December 2013. The QIs were specimen rejection rate (SSR), turnaround time (TAT), proficiency testing performance (PTP) and client satisfaction survey (CSS). Data was collected into an excel file for analysis and percentage performance compared among years. SSR & TAT were evaluated with the Sigma scale. Results: A total of 7920 (2194 in 2011, 2715 in 2012, 3011 in 2013) specimens were received for testing. 22 (0.28%) specimens were rejected and 81 (1.02%) specimens’ results were reported after the acceptable TAT, giving a Sigma level of 4.27 and 3.82 for SSR and TAT respectively. There was steady improvement in PTP: CD4+ from 67% in 2011 to 90% in 2013, hematology from 81% in 2012 to 83% in 2013, blood film reading 79% in 2011 to 83% in 2013 and chemistry from 90% in 2011 to 93% in 2013. HIV serology recorded 100% throughout. CSS increased from 59% in 2012 to 78% in 2013. However, there was no statistically significance difference reported for PTP and CSS over the years (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights the need to continuously evaluate QIs and calls for more effort to improve on PTP and focuses on understanding and improving on clients concerns.

Canonical Correlation between the Leaf Quality Indicators of "Moderate Aroma" Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to find out the correlation between tobacco quality evaluation indicators in China's traditional " moderate aroma" tobaccoproducing areas and simplify the tobacco quality evaluation indicators,we evaluate the appearance quality and smoking quality of 143 flue-cured tobacco leaf samples in China's " moderate aroma" tobacco-producing areas,test the physical traits and chemical component,and analyze the canonical correlation between four quality evaluation indicators. The results show that there is significant or extremely significant canonical correlation between four evaluation indicators( tobacco smoking quality,chemical component,appearance quality and physical trait quality); the cumulative variance contribution rate of evaluation indicators is in the order of chemical component( 69. 17%) > appearance quality( 68. 76%) > physical traits( 64. 13%); appearance quality is most closely related to physical traits( 93. 84%). The individual indicators for tobacco quality evaluation make different contribution to the correlation between quality evaluation indicators. The chemical component evaluation indicators mainly include total sugar and ratio of total sugar to betaine; sensory taste indicators mainly include aroma volume,smoke concentration,irritation and softness degree; physical trait evaluation indicators mainly include leaf weight,leaf length and leaf density; appearance quality indicators mainly include leaf organizational structure,color,maturity and identity. Studies have shown that in the large-scale ecoregion,using canonical correlation analysis to simplify tobacco quality evaluation indicators is feasible.

The Main Evaluation Indicators for the Quality of Fruit Radish

The aim of this study was to establish a scientific evaluation system for fruit radish quality. 8 quality indicators were measured for23 varieties,such as Meinong,Qiaotouqing and Chunbulao. The indicators included root weight,root shape index,water content,crispness,soluble solids,crude fiber,isothiocyanate and vitamin C. These data were analyzed by variation correlation analysis,principal component analysis and system cluster analysis. 23 varieties of fruit radish were analyzed by variation correlation; 8 indicators were compressed into 6 integrated variables using principal component analysis. Finally,the main evaluation indicators of fruit radish were determined by using cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The results indicated that the range of variation coefficient was from 1. 64%-89. 99%. Water content,crispness,soluble solids,crude fiber,isothiocyanate were the important components of fruit radish quality,playing a major role in the quality. These 8indicators were closely related and relatively independent. Water content was significantly and positively correlated with crispness; soluble solids and crude fiber were significantly and negatively related to vitamin C; crispness was significantly and positively correlated with crude fiber and vitamin C. Based on the above results,4 representative indicators were used for evaluating fruit radish quality,that is water content,crispness,soluble solids,crude fiber,which could reflect the most information of fruit radish quality.

新一轮本科教育教学审核评估中的质量文化

新一轮审核评估将“推动高校积极构建自觉、自省、自律、自查、自纠的高校质量文化”作为评估指导思想的重要内容,首次将“质量文化”作为评估指标。高校质量文化是高校及其师生对人才培养质量的共同价值追求和理想理念。高校对人才培养质量不断提升的承诺、信仰和价值追求,以及自觉、自省、自律、自查、自纠的“五自”质量文化是其核心表现。制度建设和制度认同是质量文化建设的主要路径,即质量文化的嵌入可以促进质量保障科层模式向文化模式转型,释放价值选择和软性制约功能,增强高校质量保障能力。

基于相对联系数的区域水利高质量发展评价指标体系筛选方法

为综合判断在区域水利高质量发展目标、发展途径、发展条件相互作用下区域水资源-经济社会-生态环境复合系统不断协同优化的系统高质量发展水平状态,构建了由发展目标、发展途径和发展条件3个子系统组成的区域水利高质量发展初步评价指标体系。为定量分析初步评价指标体系的专家咨询信息,根据专家指标排序合理性模糊关系的取值区间特点提出了相对联系数,用相对联系数的平均集对势估计各专家指标排序合理性的权重,进而可得各指标重要性的专家综合排序值,据此筛选初步评价指标体系,构建了基于相对联系数的区域水利高质量发展评价指标体系筛选方法(SM-RCN)。SM-RCN在陕西省的应用结果表明:筛选后的指标体系汇聚了各专家对区域水利高质量发展主要影响指标的综合评判;SM-RCN可克服评价指标体系构建过程缺乏定量分析依据的不足,可识别不同专家、同一专家对不同评价方面的指标排序合理性的程度。该筛选方法在区域水利现代化、水资源空间均衡、水资源承载力等评价指标体系构建过程中具有应用前景。

基于Delphi法构建手术室围术期低体温预防管理评价指标体系

目的 构建手术室围术期低体温预防管理评价指标体系。方法 2022年2月,以结构-过程-结果三维质量评价模式为理论框架,参考相关文献拟定手术室围术期低体温预防管理评价指标体系,采用德尔菲法对来自手术室护理管理、院内感染、麻醉领域的23名专家进行2轮专家函询,采用优序图法确定指标权重系数。结果 2轮专家函询的积极系数分别为100.0%和95.7%,专家权威系数分别为0.946和0.934,各项指标变异系数(CV)均<0.25,Kendall’s W值分别为0.419和0.359(均P<0.001),最终构建了包含3项一级指标、9项二级指标、53项三级指标的手术室围术期低体温预防管理评价指标体系。结论基于Delphi法构建手术室围术期低体温预防管理评价指标体系有较好的科学性和可靠性,可为手术室护理管理者提供参考,有利于临床开展科学、规范、统一的质量评价。

三级公立医院绩效考核背景下医院运营管理的研究

国家三级公立医院绩效考核开始于2019年,运营效率作为考核的一部分,相关的国家监测指标有9个,包含收支结构和费用控制。绩效考核是医改工作的有力抓手,也是加快现代医院管理制度建立的强劲推手。通过分析某三级甲等口腔专科医院在绩效考核背景下运营效率指标的得分情况,找出原因;并通过加强党建引领,做好医院运营管理体系架构顶层设计,加强医疗质量管理,落实医改相关政策,加强能耗管理,不断提高员工福利待遇,强化公立医院功能定位,提高医疗服务收入占比,绩效分配体现医务人员的劳动技术价值,提高运营管理能力,助推医院高质量发展。

医养服务机构质量评价指标体系的构建与初步应用

目的以“结构-过程-结果”理论为框架,构建医养服务机构质量评价指标体系并初步应用。方法基于文献研究、小组讨论、德尔菲法及层次分析法,确定评价指标体系和各指标权重。应用该指标体系在长沙市3家医养服务机构进行现场评价。结果共进行2轮函询,专家权威系数分别为0.915和0.927,协调系数分别为0.211和0.164,最终确定一级指标3个,二级指标13个,三级指标53个。评价指标体系的Cronbach'sα系数为0.786,平均内容效度指数为0.862。在3家医养服务机构进行的预调查效果较好。结论医养服务机构质量评价指标体系信度、效度较好。构建的指标科学、合理、实用性强,能有效评价医养服务机构质量并发现问题。

癫痫及惊厥性癫痫持续状态医疗质量控制体系建设

癫痫是世界卫生组织重点防治的五大神经精神疾病之一,在我国有超1000万人受累,疾病负担沉重。经规范治疗,70%以上的癫痫患者可达到控制发作、重返社会的治疗目标。提高癫痫诊疗质量可有效改善我国癫痫医疗的可及性。2017年,在国家卫生健康委员会的支持下,国家神经系统疾病医疗质量控制中心成立了癫痫质控专病组,启动了癫痫及惊厥性癫痫持续状态医疗质量控制体系建设。癫痫及惊厥性癫痫持续状态医疗质量控制体系建设强化了我国的癫痫诊疗体系,调查了我国癫痫诊治现状,建设了数据来源互补医疗质量体系动态反馈机制。应用癫痫及惊厥性癫痫持续状态医疗质量工具可持续推动我国癫痫诊疗质量的同质化发展。

多源数据融合视角下突发公共卫生事件信息公开质量评估体系研究

[目的/意义]构建基于国家政策、研究文献、公众访谈资料在内的多源数据视角下的突发公共卫生事件信息公开质量评估体系,旨在更全面地评估信息公开质量,明确当前信息公开中存在的问题,进而有的放矢提升信息公开质量。[方法/过程]利用扎根理论的研究方法,选取国家政策、研究文献、访谈资料共计32份数据作为原始资料,利用Nvivo12质性分析软件对资料进行开放式编码、主轴式编码和选择式编码,并通过理论饱和度检验验证编码结果可信度。[结果/结论]构建多源数据融合视角下的突发公共卫生事件信息公开质量评估体系,分为基础保障、执行过程、社会效应以及核心内容4个维度,包括资源建设、流程管理、服务提供、传播载体、公众体验、政民互动和信息内容7个一级指标和40个二级指标,并给出了各指标的含义和类属,为有效开展更全面的突发公共卫生事件信息公开质量评估工作提供了理论和实践基础。

基于全面质量管理理论的临床专科能力建设实践

临床专科能力建设是优质医疗资源扩容的基础。以全面质量管理理论的六要素为框架,从人才队伍建设(人)、设备耗材管理(机和料)、制度流程管理(法)、医院文化建设(环)、质量控制和系统评价(测)等6个方面阐述了临床专科能力建设的主要做法。实践后,临床专科能力持续提升,并提高了优质医疗服务可及性。还需进一步整合各类资源,注重分院区专科能力建设,促进专科同质化发展。

健康老龄化视域下“医养结合嵌入式”养老服务的质量评价研究

健康老龄化视角下的嵌入式医养结合养老模式是未来老年人养老质量的保障,也体现了老年人对未来老年幸福美好生活的需求。但对该模式的研究多集中在理论研究层面,对实证的研究较为缺乏。本研究基于医养结合的嵌入式养老服务的评价方法和评价原则,对构建嵌入式医养结合养老模式的评价指标体系进行了较为详尽的阐释。发现目前嵌入式养老机构重在养老轻在医疗,医疗机构与养老机构之间存在着衔接不足的问题,具体表现在医护人员的服务主体不够专业、服务项目不够落实、医疗机构与养老机构的资源整合碎片化以及机构管理的多头监管等问题。研究针对相关问题提出了建议,对我国医养结合的嵌入式养老模式的进一步实施具有一定借鉴意义。

三级公立医院绩效考核背景下门诊医疗服务质量提升的实践效果研究

目的通过对内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院三级公立医院绩效考核实施前后门诊医疗服务质量进行对比,分析三级公立医院绩效考核对医院门诊医疗服务质量的影响,并提出改进措施。方法筛选三级公立医院绩效考核实施后2022年1月1日至12月31日及三级公立医院绩效考核实施前2018年1月1日至12月31日的门诊医疗服务质量的门诊运营、门诊预约管理、患者等候时间、门诊医疗安全和患者评价指标,分析三级公立医院绩效考核实施前后门诊医疗服务质量的差异。结果三级公立医院绩效考核实施后门诊总量同比增加11.8%,专家门诊量同比增加63.7%,普通门诊量同比下降45.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);线上预约挂号数同比增加46.4%,分时段就诊数同比增加41.0%,按时就诊数同比增加43.0%,退号数同比下降95.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者等候时间也都有所降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);门诊医疗安全比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是门诊医疗安全管理在逐步完善;门诊患者满意度也有显著提高。结论三级公立医院绩效考核是将各项服务质量进行量化管理,对提升医院门诊服务质量有显著效果。

基于街景分析技术的滨江路空间品质研究——以重庆三代滨江路为例

滨江路是滨江城市中极具特征性的线性空间,但针对其特殊的地理环境条件,在特征性指标体系建构及量化评价等方面还有待拓展。结合滨江路环境要素分析构建特征性指标体系,运用基于语义分割的街景分析技术,对重庆市不同时期的3代滨江路展开特征总结与问题剖析。结果表明:1)在指标体系研究方面,应依据不同研究对象和研究目的,有针对性地选取指标;2)在个案层面,由于道路功能的综合提升及城市地形限制的减弱,使新一代滨江路空间品质显著提高;3)跨江立体交通节点对滨江路空间品质影响较大。利用街景技术建立滨江路空间品质评价指标体系,所得结论可为其品质提升提供科学依据。

山东省57家三级综合医院医疗质量与运营效率综合评价研究

目的 以山东省57家三级综合医院为研究样本,评价其医疗质量与运营效率状况,为加强医院内涵建设、提升精细化管理水平提供参考依据。方法 通过构建评价指标体系,运用熵权逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, TOPSIS)与数据包络分析法(data envelopmentanalysis, DEA)分别对样本医院的医疗质量及运营效率水平进行评价分析。结果 医疗质量方面,样本医院间四级手术占比和CMI差异较大,且权重最大;质量水平排名靠前的医院为A1、A2、A3、A4、A29,均为三级甲等医院,且多为省属医院。运营效率方面,57家样本医院整体运营效率较高,但医院间发展不均衡,其中22家医院DEA有效,12家医院DEA弱有效,23家医院DEA无效。医疗质量与纯技术效率之间存在正相关关系。结论 部分样本医院医疗质量与运营效率有较大改进空间,应聚焦功能定位,在医疗技术水平、资源配置和内部管理能力等方面持续改进和提升,从规模扩张转向提质增效,助力医院高质量发展。