Formation and destruction of striation plasmas in helium glow discharge at medium pressures

The striation plasmas are usually generated within a positive column of glow discharge,where rich and complex physical interactions are involved,especially,in the medium or high pressures.Along these lines,our work aims to thoroughly investigate the formation and destruction of helium striation plasmas at kPa level pressures.The characteristics of the helium striation plasmas,and especially the optical emission properties are explored.The emission lines of 706.52 nm and391.44 nm related to the energetic electrons and the high-energy metastable helium atoms respectively,were focused on in this work.The formation of striation plasmas in a helium glow discharge,is mainly associated with the instability originating from the stepwise ionization of high-energy metastable state atoms,Maxwellization of the electron distribution functions and gas heating.Additionally,the destruction effect of helium striation plasmas is of great significance when a small amount of nitrogen or oxygen is mixed into the discharge plasmas.The reduction of the mean electron energy and the consumption of the high-energy metastable helium atoms are considered as the underlying reasons for the destruction of striation plasmas.

Influence of Polar Pressure Transmission Medium on the Pressure Coefficient of Excitonic Interband Transitions in Monolayer WSe_2

The influence of the pressure transmission medium（PTM）on the excitonic interband transitions in monolayer tungsten diselenide（WSe2）is investigated using photoluminescence（PL）spectra under hydrostatic pressure up to 5GPa.Three kinds of PTMs,condensed argon（Ar）,1：1 n-pentane and isopentane mixture（PM）,and4：1 methanol and ethanol mixture（MEM,a PTM with polarity）,are used.It is found that when either Ar or PM is used as the PTM,the PL peak of exciton related to the direct K-K interband transition shows a pressure-induced blue-shift at a rate of 32±4 or 32±1 meV/GPa,while it turns to be 50±9meV/GPa when MEM is used as the PTM.The indirect A-K interband transition presents almost no shift with increasing pressure up to approximatel.y 5 GPa when Ar and PM are used as the PTM,while it shows a red-shift at the rate of-17±7meV/GPa by using MEM as the PTM.These results reveal that the optical interband transitions of monolayer WSe2 are very sensitive to the polarity of the PTM.The anomalous pressure coefficient obtained using the polar PTM of MEM is ascribed to the existence of hydrogen-like bonds between hydroxyl in MEM and Se atoms under hydrostatic pressure.

Fundamentals and Processes of Fluid Pressure Forming Technology for Complex Thin-Walled Components

A new generation of fluid pressure forming technology has been developed for the three typical structures of tubes,sheets,and shells,and hard-to-deform material components that are urgently needed for aerospace,aircraft,automobile,and high-speed train industries.in this paper,an over all review is introduced on the state of the art in fundamentals and processes for lower-pressure hydroforming of tubular components,double-sided pressure hydroforming of sheet components,die-less hydroforming of ellipsoidai shells,and dual hardening hot medium forming af hard-to-deform materiais Particular attention is paid to deformation behavior,stress state adjustment,defect prevention,and typical applications.In addition,future development directions of fluid pressure forming technology are discussed,including hyper lower-loading forming for ultra-large non-uniform components,precision for ming for intermetallic compound and high-entropy alloy components,intelligent process and equipment,and precise finite element simulation of inhomogeneous and strong anisotropic thin shells.

Viscous Inner and Outer Pressure Forming Method of Thin-walled Tube and Its Application

Aiming at overcoming the difficulties in integral forming of thin-walled tubes with complex shapes, a novel forming method by inner and outer pressure through viscous was proposed. In this method, by dividing large deformation of the part into inner and outer pressure forming deformations, the limit deformation of tube part can be increased by several times. Meanwhile, the principle of viscous inner and outer pressure forming was provided, and key problems during the forming process such as reduction of the wall-thickness and instability wrinkling were analyzed. Thereby, the complex curved surface super-alloy GH3044 thin-walled tube with varying diameter ratio of 1.35（the ratio between the maximum and minimum diameters of the part） can be integrally formed by this method. The experimental surface of the formed part is superior in quality and the wall-thickness distribution is uniform. The results show that the viscous inner and outer pressure forming can provide a new approach for integral forming of thin-walled tubes with complex shapes.

Commercial Application of RMC Technology in the 1.5 Mt/a Hydrocracking Unit at Shanghai Petrochemical Company

The RMC technology developed by RIPP has been applied in a 1.5 Mt/a medium pressure hydrocracking unit at Shanghai Petrochemical Company. The unit was successfully put on stream in September 2002. Calibration of the performance of the commercial unit has shown that the RMC technology has higher hydrogenation activity and selectivity, and high quality product can be obtained under lower reaction temperature. The heavy naphtha with less than 0.5 ppm of sulfur and 58.5 m% potential aromatic content is a good feedstock for catalytic reforming unit. The diesel with less than 0.5 ppm of sulfur, 6.6 m% aromatics and cetane rating of 56 is a high-grade diesel fuel. The hydrocracked tail oil containing more than 14 m% hydrogen and mere 1.7m% aromatics could be used as a good feedstock for steam cracking process to produce ethylene.

A New Procedure for Separation and Purification of Scutellarin from Erigeron multiradiatus

Abstract: Objective To establish a new procedure for isolating scutellarin from Erigeron multiradiatus. Methods Aproposed method was developed by combining macroporous resins with ODS column. Firstly, E. multiradiatus wasextracted by ultrasound with 80% methanol. Preliminary separation was performed on macroporous resin column.The performance and adsorption characteristics of three macroporous resins, D140, D141, and D605, were comparedand the enrichment procedure was optimized. Further purification was carried out by medium pressure liquidchromatography (MPLC) with ODS column. Results It was demonstrated that D141 had better extractive effects onscutellarin. The MPLC conditions were optimized as follows: 15% ethanol aqueous as mobile phase with flow rate at2.5 mL/min. The yield and purity of the isolated scutellarin were 1.20 mg/g and 96.5%, respectively. ConclusionThe overall procedure is efficient and low-cost, which is considered suitable for the separation and purification ofscutellarin from E. multiradiatus. The results provide the scientific basis for developing and using scutellarin in clinic.