Research on Mixed Logic Dynamic Modeling and Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control of Multi-Inverter Parallel System

Parallel connection of multiple inverters is an important means to solve the expansion,reserve and protection of distributed power generation,such as photovoltaics.In view of the shortcomings of traditional droop control methods such as weak anti-interference ability,low tracking accuracy of inverter output voltage and serious circulation phenomenon,a finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC)strategy of microgrid multiinverter parallel system based on Mixed Logical Dynamical(MLD)modeling is proposed.Firstly,the MLD modeling method is introduced logical variables,combining discrete events and continuous events to form an overall differential equation,which makes the modeling more accurate.Then a predictive controller is designed based on the model,and constraints are added to the objective function,which can not only solve the real-time changes of the control system by online optimization,but also effectively obtain a higher tracking accuracy of the inverter output voltage and lower total harmonic distortion rate(Total Harmonics Distortion,THD);and suppress the circulating current between the inverters,to obtain a good dynamic response.Finally,the simulation is carried out onMATLAB/Simulink to verify the correctness of the model and the rationality of the proposed strategy.This paper aims to provide guidance for the design and optimal control of multi-inverter parallel systems.

Coordinated Control for Harmonic Mitigation of Parallel Voltage-source Inverters

The increasing use of power electronic devices can deteriorate the power quality by introducing voltage and current harmonics.In islanded microgrids,the presence of nonlinear loads can distort the point of common coupling(PCC)voltage,while the dead-time effect can also bring additional circulating current harmonics among parallel inverters.To simultaneously attenuate the PCC voltage harmonics and suppress the dead-time induced circulating current harmonics,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for harmonic mitigation of parallel inverters.The proposed control strategy allows inverter impedances to be properly reshaped at selective harmonic frequencies.As a consequence,the PCC voltage harmonics are filtered by the inverter operating in the harmonic compensation mode(HCM),whereas the dead-time induced circulating current harmonics are suppressed by the inverter operating in the harmonic rejection mode(HRM).Experimental results from an islanded microgrid prototype with two parallel inverters are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Decoupling Control Strategy for Single Phase SPWM Parallel Inverters

A deconpling control strategy of inverter parallel system is proposed based on the equivalent output impedance of single phase voltage source SPWM （sinusoidal pulse width modulation） inverter. The active power and reactive power are calculated in terms of output voltage and current of the inverter, and sent to the other inverters in the parallel system via controller area network （CAN） bus. By calculating and decoupling the circumfluence of the active power and reactive power, the inverters can share load current via the regulation of the reference-signal phase and amplitude. Experimental results of an 110V/2kVA inverter parallel system show the feasibility of the decoupling control strategy.

Control of mutiple Power Inverters for More Electronics Power Systems:A Review

With the development and utilization of renewable energy,the scaling of microgrid composed of distributed generation systems and energy storing devices,e.g,photovoltaic(PV),wind power,micro gas turbine,fuel cell,are becoming much lager.Research on control of multi-inverter parallel is the focus as the key technique,which can improve the reliability of microgrids.The inverters in the microgrid operate in parallel,which not only facilitates the expansion of the microgrid but also improves the reliability of the operation of the microgrid system in off-grid mode.The key to the parallel operation of the inverter is to achieve even distribution of the load current.In this paper,a comprehensive review on the control strategies of parallel-operated inverters is presented.Also,the detailed analysis,comparison,and discussion on the existing parallel control strategies are investigated.

Inverter power supply system for high-power twin-wire pulsed GMAW

A type of novel inverter power supply system for high-power twin-wire pulsed gas metal arc welding （GMAW） is presented mainly for dealing with the disadvantages of the conventional power supply for twin-wire pulsed GMA W of which the output power is generally difficult to increase due to limitations of the power of semiconductors and the power density of magnetic devices. In the power supplies for the master and slave arcs, the digital signal processor （DSP） TMS320F28335 is used to form the DSP- based synergic control system for parallel high-power pulsed GMA W, which achieves high-power output of two parallel inverters controlled by a single DSP ; master-slave communication is achieved by using e controller area network （eCAN）module of DSP, thas realizing anti-phase pulse output of high-power twin-wire pulsed GMA W and reducing the interference between twin arcs. The experiment results demonstrate that the designed inverter power supply system for high-power twin-wire pulsed GMAW can bring about high-power efficiency of welding, stable welding process and proper formation of welds.

基于终端积分滑模的三相逆变器自适应下垂控制方法

针对并联逆变器传统下垂控制中电压电流双闭环方法的鲁棒性较差问题,提出了基于自适应鲁棒的终端积分滑模控制律的下垂控制策略。分析滑模控制的收敛速度、响应时间和抖振幅度三个指标,在终端滑模控制律中增加积分环节建立一类扩展滑模控制律。其次,针对系统参数扰动及直流源侧电压的不确定性,利用自适应鲁棒控制实现抑制扰动,将输出电压控制在参考电压的合适范围内,提高了系统的鲁棒性。最后,综合终端积分滑模控制律,根据LC型并联三相逆变器的下垂控制模型,实现逆变器输出电压的自适应鲁棒跟踪控制,有效实现孤岛模式下逆变电源并联干扰抑制。通过MATLAB/Simulink建立并联逆变器的仿真控制模型并进行电路实验,验证了本文控制器的可行性和有效性。

基于虚拟阻抗自适应的孤岛型微电网并联逆变器下垂控制策略

当前微电网并联逆变器下垂控制机制一般设定为独立式,控制的范围较难扩展,导致控制补偿差增加。为此,提出对基于虚拟阻抗自适应的孤岛型微电网并联逆变器下垂控制策略的设计与实践。先进行下垂控制特性提取,采用交互的方式,扩大控制的范围,设计交互控制机制。在此基础上,构建虚拟阻抗自适应微电网并联逆变器下垂控制模型,采用补偿核验的方式确保下垂控制效果。针对选定的5个测试逆变器,经过2个周期的测定得出的控制补偿差被较好地控制在1.05以下,说明此次在虚拟阻抗自适应原理的辅助下,所设计的微电网并联逆变器下垂控制方法更为高效,具有实际的应用价值。

基于下垂控制的构网型变流器电压控制策略

为了提高系统的电压稳定性,在传统下垂控制的基础上,提出了一种基于有功电流和无功电流相结合的自适应下垂控制方法。详细介绍了构网型变流器并联组成微电网的控制策略。下垂控制器分为电流(功率)解耦、一阶微分和下垂控制3个单元。从同步发电机的角度出发,分析了一阶微分环节和下垂系数的设计原则。分析并验证了构网型变流器并联系统功率分担的“通信机制”。最后,建立仿真模型,通过仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性。

异构逆变器并联系统改进Gershgorin圆稳定性判据及其多维谐振特性分析

以新能源为主体的新型电力系统正逐步呈现出异构逆变器并联系统特征,即以跟网型与构网型两类逆变器共存的形式呈现。为了全面准确地分析异构逆变器并联系统的稳定性问题,充分计及逆变器间、逆变器与电网间的交互影响,该文建立多逆变器的交互导纳矩阵模型。同时,提出一种基于Gershgorin圆定理的多机稳定性判据,通过引入距离向量函数简化分析过程。然后,基于改进的稳定性判据提出一种参数灵敏度计算方法,并量化分析了系统关键作用因子对异构系统稳定性的影响程度。最后,通过时域仿真算例与实验,验证了理论分析的有效性和稳定性判据的有效性。

轻量化沥青路面裂缝图像分割网络PIPNet

裂缝分割是对路面病害损坏程度评估的重要前提,为平衡深度神经网络分割的有效性与实时性,提出一种基于U-Net编码-解码结构的轻量化沥青路面裂缝图像分割网络PIPNet(Parallel dilated convolution of Inverted Pyramid Network)。编码部分为倒金字塔结构,提出了具有不同空洞率的多分支并行空洞卷积模块,结合深度可分离卷积和普通卷积,逐级减少并行卷积的个数,对表层、中层及底层特征提取多尺度信息并降低模型复杂度;同时借鉴GhostNet特点,设计了逆残差轻量化模块,嵌入并行双池化注意力。在GAPs384数据集上的测试结果表明,PIPNet在参数量(Params)和计算量(MFLOPs)仅为ResNet50编码近1/6的情况下,平均交并比(mIoU)提高了1.10个百分点,且较轻量化GhostNet和SegNet分别高出4.14与9.95个百分点。实验结果表明,PIPNet在降低模型复杂度的同时,有着较好的裂缝分割性能,且对不同路面裂缝图像分割适应性良好。

基于功率微分的多机GFI系统振荡阻尼与抑制

随着新能源发电的占比不断提高,具备构网功能的并网逆变器对于电力系统安全稳定运行具有重要的支撑作用,然而构网逆变器(GFI)多机组并联运行时受线路阻抗、控制参数等影响会产生功频振荡问题。首先基于GFI的控制策略通过小信号模型详细分析了多机并联的振荡机理,得出振荡的主要原因为GFI参数不一致,其中主要影响参数有惯量系数、有功下垂系数和线路电抗。然后,基于功率微分的预知特性提出一种互阻尼振荡抑制策略,利用功率微分项实时反馈校正有功参考可以起到功率阻尼的作用,无需相邻机组之间通信即可达到抑制振荡的效果,提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性;同时基于系统传递函数的根轨迹给出互阻尼参数的设计方法。最后,通过实验验证了机理分析的正确性和抑制策略的有效性。

并联三电平光伏并网逆变器中点电压控制策略

针对光伏并网三电平逆变器并联系统的中点电位控制问题,传统的双调制波法无法保证开关周期内平均中点电流始终为零,从而无法有效消除中点电压的低频波动。为此,提出了一种基于改进双调制波法的中点电压控制策略。该策略通过对传统双调制法重构的调制波进行修正,在不影响并联系统输出电压的前提下保证平均中点电流始终为零,不仅可以实现中点电压的平衡控制而且具有良好的动态性能。实验结果验证了所提策略的可行性和有效性。

A high efficiency multi-module parallel RF inverter system for plasma induced hydrogen

Hydrogen energy plays an important role in achieving carbon neutralization,and plasma induced hydrogen is an effective production method.One challenge is how to guarantee high efficiency operation with wide power output range of the RF inverter system used to generate the plasma.In this paper,a multi-module parallel topology of a high-frequency inverter is analyzed,in which the power combining network can maintain the soft switching characteristics of the inverter modules.A control method of"ON/OFF+phase shift"is adopted to broaden the output power range of the inverter.The equivalent impedances of different modules are analyzed in detail.A four-module 13.56 MHz high-frequency inverter prototype is built and tested.The results show that the inverter can operate at high efficiency and wide output power range with efficiency improved by at least 5%compared with the traditional parameter design method without considering the effect of paralleled modules.

基于虚拟阻抗的逆变器并联控制参数优化设计

提出一种改进的虚拟阻抗设计方法,通过优化电压前馈环参数将逆变器等效输出阻抗调节为纯阻性,设计自适应虚拟阻抗,解决传统下垂控制方法中逆变器等效输出阻抗不同的问题。添加电压有效值环,防止虚拟阻抗引起母线电压跌落。提出的改进方案提高逆变器并联控制的功率均分精度、环流抑制能力和动态特性,并通过仿真试验进行正确性和有效性验证。

伏龙大桥工程设计总结之结构与耐久性

传递路径简明的结构几何形体有助于提高结构效率,平顺的几何外形可减少形体突变引起的应力集中[1]。这一条对于钢结构桥梁同样适用,控制应力在理想水平,可减轻桥梁病害。伏龙大桥作为景观桥梁,充分考虑景观的同时,对结构体系和关键构造的设计,也进行了研究分析与优化。通过精细的计算和对比分析,使结构传力路径可靠,受力合理;对局部构造进行详细的优化设计创新。找到使景观与结构受力和谐统一的结构体系及最优的局部构造。总体与局部受力合理是确保正常使用期桥梁耐久性得到保障的第一步。

基于阻抗重塑的多并网逆变器并联系统谐振抑制方法研究

多并网逆变器并联系统存在并联谐振问题,且会受到电网阻抗和并联逆变器台数影响导致并联谐振频率点偏移,给该并联系统的控制及稳定运行带来一定的难度。建立了多并网逆变器并联系统的阻抗模型,并根据阻抗重塑原理,采用基于虚拟阻抗的全局谐振抑制方法,通过在公共连接点并联额外的电力电子装置,实时检测公共连接点处谐波电压,采用基于变换器侧电流反馈控制策略,产生一定大小且和谐振频率相关的虚拟阻抗,实现对电网阻抗的重塑以抑制并联系统的谐振。该方法在不改变各个逆变器原有控制策略的情况下,既可以抑制并联谐振,又可以提高整个系统的稳定性。最后,通过仿真验证所研究全局谐振抑制方法的正确性与可行性。

虚拟阻容下的LCL型并网逆变器谐振抑制策略

针对LCL滤波器自身谐振以及多逆变器并联谐振引发逆变器输出电压不稳、破坏电能质量等突出问题,建立了三相滤波等效电路模型,分析了谐振产生机理,重点设计了基于虚拟电容、虚拟电阻的优化组合谐振抑制策略。主要考虑虚拟电容可强化高频滤波能力,简化控制算法;虚拟电阻的设计旨在增大系统阻尼,增强逆变器并网谐振抑制效果。此外,引进电感电压前馈控制可降低LCL型逆变器系统阶次,优化对谐振的抑制效果,有利于提高系统稳定性和鲁棒性。最后,搭建了仿真模型和实验平台验证控制策略的可行性,并网电流波动性明显减弱,THD小于5%可平稳入网,说明了策略的有效性。

弱电网下基于高带宽并网逆变器的并网系统鲁棒性提升技术研究

数字控制LCL型并网逆变器的固有控制延时会影响原有谐振阻尼方案的控制特性,从而降低并网逆变器在弱电网下的鲁棒性。该文首先基于不同参数建立多逆变器并联系统在弱电网下的多输入多输出矩阵,并推出确保系统进网电流稳定性以及各模块交互电流稳定性的3条判据。进一步地,基于频域阻抗法分析数字控制延时在模块采用不同开关频率的情况下对系统鲁棒性的影响,进而发现在系统中引入高带宽逆变器对于抑制低频谐振的有效性。分析高带宽逆变器模块与低频模块之间的交互稳定性,据此选取高带宽并网逆变器的开关频率。最后,搭建一台基于新型宽禁带器件GaN的高带宽并网逆变器原理样机,并将其并入低频模块并网系统中去,通过实验验证所提高带宽并网逆变器有助于提高弱电网下系统的鲁棒性,为提高分布式发电系统的稳定性提供一种新思路。

考虑环流抑制的微网并联多逆变器稳定运行控制研究

针对传统微网并联多逆变器运行控制策略仅能在某种程度上抑制系统中的环流,抑制后的环流仍然比较大的问题,提出考虑环流抑制的微网并联多逆变器稳定运行控制研究。首先,建立微网并联多逆变器模型;基于微网并联多逆变器模型,计算微网并联多逆变器输出有功功率和无功功率;根据计算出的数据,提出改进后的下垂控制方法,对系统进行控制,以减小系统的环流值,控制微网并联多逆变器稳定运行。仿真实验结果显示,在存在环流干扰条件下,当有功功率和无功负载出现变化时,采用所提方法对微网并联多逆变器进行控制,其输出功率和输出频率会随着有功功率和无功负载的变化而产生相应的变化,实现了微网并联多逆变器稳定运行,说明该方法在微网并联多逆变器稳定运行控制研究方面有一定的参考价值。