The construction industry has been considered an accident prone industry. Alarming statistics indicate thatthe construction industry accounts for 55,000 fatal injuries each year. That is because construction sites are...The construction industry has been considered an accident prone industry. Alarming statistics indicate thatthe construction industry accounts for 55,000 fatal injuries each year. That is because construction sites are often filled with potential hazards that can lead to serious injury or death. Responsibility for these injuries may be attributed to a variety of individuals including owners, contractors or subcontractors, engineers, equipment manufacturers, and architects. This mandated a new safety culture to emerge resulting in a decline in the incidence rate of all recordable nonfatal injury and illness for construction workers. This study explores the safety culture encountered in twolarge construction companies in the USA and Egypt, over the last five years. Comparison of the results recorded in both companies was also conducted. The study also investigated the benefits of focusing on the occupational health in the construction field in Egypt and USA. In addition to the literature review, the research methodology used for this study was inspired by the Contextual Design (CD) Methodology. The study indicated thepositive impact of implementing safety programs on significantly reducing the recordable injuries. It also showed the benefits of focusing on occupational health and wellness, training, and education of workers.展开更多
Organizational characteristics and worker perceptions are among the main factors affecting the safety climate in construction sites. Although some perceptions of the workers may seem absurd to others, these components...Organizational characteristics and worker perceptions are among the main factors affecting the safety climate in construction sites. Although some perceptions of the workers may seem absurd to others, these components are part of their reality. Worker behavior is an extremely important factor in workplace safety as many accidents are often caused by insecure actions, in which combinations of human behavior are the consequence of such perceptions. The aim of this study was to explore workers’ perceptions of safety practices in their habitual work environment, a building site in Mexico. Worker perceptions of safety practices were captured using an instrument in which the following dimensions were taken into consideration: Education and training, Work motivation, Family and social integration, Work place integration, Safety awareness integration, and Accidents. The conclusion was that the workers have received very little education and possess a limited culture of safety awareness, which has led them to perceive that their lack of precaution is the main cause of accidents.展开更多
The enormity of the problem of construction accidents and hazards in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI) calls for the need to engage in relevant research to equip stakeholders with the required knowledge to impr...The enormity of the problem of construction accidents and hazards in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI) calls for the need to engage in relevant research to equip stakeholders with the required knowledge to improve construction health and safety (CHS) and reduce site accidents and hazards. The complexity of the problem of accident causation explains a large number of conceptual models developed to aid the understanding of the dynamics involved in CHS. This paper involved a qualitative study to identify causes of accidents and hazards in the GCI and underlying issues requiring remedying and also a desk study to review Health and Safety related theories and concepts from extant literature to explain and contribute to the improvement of CHS. The paper contributes to the use of theories to advance studies on improving health and safety at construction sites, especially in developing countries like Ghana, where such studies have so far attracted little attention. The framework may enable construction stakeholders to easily identify problem areas on site and apply required improvement measures to create a healthier and safer construction site. The findings may provide useful knowledge to improve CHS and reduce site accidents and hazards, and also provide a multi-theory approach for understanding the dynamics of the complexity of the problems involved in CHS.展开更多
Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a dispr...Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a disproportionate number of occupational-related fatalities what is supported by statistics. According to the International Labour Organization, it accounts for 30-40% of the world's fatal injuries. In The European Union around thirteen employees out of every one hundred thousands are killed each year. Hence, construction site safety is a matter of global concern. However it is not easy to describe and define how to deport safely at some actual site because the workers are exposed to many safety risks varying in con^nection with conditions of the construction realization and with technologies using. The paper provides a brief knowledge from the study comparing the construction safety in Europe and North America referencing to presented statistics. There are also analyzed, described and systemized the principal groups of construction safety risks; described the interdependencies among safety risks, affecting by spatial, technological and time parameters of the building process, as well as by the site conditions.展开更多
当前建筑业迅速发展,但随之而来的是频频发生的建筑安全事故,造成不可逆转的损失和伤害。虽然近些年来在建筑安全事故控制方面的研究已取得一定的成果,但建筑安全事故仍未得到有效控制。针对建筑业市政工程安全事故总数和死亡人数,探究...当前建筑业迅速发展,但随之而来的是频频发生的建筑安全事故,造成不可逆转的损失和伤害。虽然近些年来在建筑安全事故控制方面的研究已取得一定的成果,但建筑安全事故仍未得到有效控制。针对建筑业市政工程安全事故总数和死亡人数,探究二者之间的关系,构建灰狼优化算法-支持向量回归机(Grey Wolf Optimization and Support Vactor Regression,GWO-SVR)组合模型,收集2008—2020年每个月的建筑安全事故数据及死亡人数数据集,发现二者之间成正向相关关系,以建筑安全事故数为特征对建筑死亡人数进行预测,精度达到95%以上,对建筑安全资源与人力投入有较大参考价值,有助于提升建筑安全管理水平。展开更多
为系统了解施工安全事故致因分析领域的发展现状和前沿动态,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的246篇文献作为数据源,借助CiteSpace软件进行文献计量和知识图谱网络分析。结果表明:施工安全事故致因分析领域发文量总体呈现不断上升趋势...为系统了解施工安全事故致因分析领域的发展现状和前沿动态,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的246篇文献作为数据源,借助CiteSpace软件进行文献计量和知识图谱网络分析。结果表明:施工安全事故致因分析领域发文量总体呈现不断上升趋势;Safety Science和Accident Analysis and Prevention期刊上发表的相关文章对开展该领域研究具有较强的参考价值;领域内尚未形成较为紧密的学者合作网络。此外,该领域的研究重点包括事故致因理论和模型、事故致因因素和事故致因分析方法,热点趋势包括事故致因因素系统研究横向广度和个体研究纵向深度的延伸、数据挖掘和自动化技术的应用。最后提出加强跨学科研究以全面理解事故致因机理、工人行为的动态特征追踪、高效利用非结构化文本和处理多模态特征数据等几点未来展望。展开更多
文摘The construction industry has been considered an accident prone industry. Alarming statistics indicate thatthe construction industry accounts for 55,000 fatal injuries each year. That is because construction sites are often filled with potential hazards that can lead to serious injury or death. Responsibility for these injuries may be attributed to a variety of individuals including owners, contractors or subcontractors, engineers, equipment manufacturers, and architects. This mandated a new safety culture to emerge resulting in a decline in the incidence rate of all recordable nonfatal injury and illness for construction workers. This study explores the safety culture encountered in twolarge construction companies in the USA and Egypt, over the last five years. Comparison of the results recorded in both companies was also conducted. The study also investigated the benefits of focusing on the occupational health in the construction field in Egypt and USA. In addition to the literature review, the research methodology used for this study was inspired by the Contextual Design (CD) Methodology. The study indicated thepositive impact of implementing safety programs on significantly reducing the recordable injuries. It also showed the benefits of focusing on occupational health and wellness, training, and education of workers.
文摘Organizational characteristics and worker perceptions are among the main factors affecting the safety climate in construction sites. Although some perceptions of the workers may seem absurd to others, these components are part of their reality. Worker behavior is an extremely important factor in workplace safety as many accidents are often caused by insecure actions, in which combinations of human behavior are the consequence of such perceptions. The aim of this study was to explore workers’ perceptions of safety practices in their habitual work environment, a building site in Mexico. Worker perceptions of safety practices were captured using an instrument in which the following dimensions were taken into consideration: Education and training, Work motivation, Family and social integration, Work place integration, Safety awareness integration, and Accidents. The conclusion was that the workers have received very little education and possess a limited culture of safety awareness, which has led them to perceive that their lack of precaution is the main cause of accidents.
文摘The enormity of the problem of construction accidents and hazards in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI) calls for the need to engage in relevant research to equip stakeholders with the required knowledge to improve construction health and safety (CHS) and reduce site accidents and hazards. The complexity of the problem of accident causation explains a large number of conceptual models developed to aid the understanding of the dynamics involved in CHS. This paper involved a qualitative study to identify causes of accidents and hazards in the GCI and underlying issues requiring remedying and also a desk study to review Health and Safety related theories and concepts from extant literature to explain and contribute to the improvement of CHS. The paper contributes to the use of theories to advance studies on improving health and safety at construction sites, especially in developing countries like Ghana, where such studies have so far attracted little attention. The framework may enable construction stakeholders to easily identify problem areas on site and apply required improvement measures to create a healthier and safer construction site. The findings may provide useful knowledge to improve CHS and reduce site accidents and hazards, and also provide a multi-theory approach for understanding the dynamics of the complexity of the problems involved in CHS.
文摘Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a disproportionate number of occupational-related fatalities what is supported by statistics. According to the International Labour Organization, it accounts for 30-40% of the world's fatal injuries. In The European Union around thirteen employees out of every one hundred thousands are killed each year. Hence, construction site safety is a matter of global concern. However it is not easy to describe and define how to deport safely at some actual site because the workers are exposed to many safety risks varying in con^nection with conditions of the construction realization and with technologies using. The paper provides a brief knowledge from the study comparing the construction safety in Europe and North America referencing to presented statistics. There are also analyzed, described and systemized the principal groups of construction safety risks; described the interdependencies among safety risks, affecting by spatial, technological and time parameters of the building process, as well as by the site conditions.
文摘当前建筑业迅速发展,但随之而来的是频频发生的建筑安全事故,造成不可逆转的损失和伤害。虽然近些年来在建筑安全事故控制方面的研究已取得一定的成果,但建筑安全事故仍未得到有效控制。针对建筑业市政工程安全事故总数和死亡人数,探究二者之间的关系,构建灰狼优化算法-支持向量回归机(Grey Wolf Optimization and Support Vactor Regression,GWO-SVR)组合模型,收集2008—2020年每个月的建筑安全事故数据及死亡人数数据集,发现二者之间成正向相关关系,以建筑安全事故数为特征对建筑死亡人数进行预测,精度达到95%以上,对建筑安全资源与人力投入有较大参考价值,有助于提升建筑安全管理水平。
文摘为系统了解施工安全事故致因分析领域的发展现状和前沿动态,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的246篇文献作为数据源,借助CiteSpace软件进行文献计量和知识图谱网络分析。结果表明:施工安全事故致因分析领域发文量总体呈现不断上升趋势;Safety Science和Accident Analysis and Prevention期刊上发表的相关文章对开展该领域研究具有较强的参考价值;领域内尚未形成较为紧密的学者合作网络。此外,该领域的研究重点包括事故致因理论和模型、事故致因因素和事故致因分析方法,热点趋势包括事故致因因素系统研究横向广度和个体研究纵向深度的延伸、数据挖掘和自动化技术的应用。最后提出加强跨学科研究以全面理解事故致因机理、工人行为的动态特征追踪、高效利用非结构化文本和处理多模态特征数据等几点未来展望。