Multi-stage attack weapon target allocation method based on defense area analysis

For better reflecting the interactive defense between targets in practical combat scenarios,the basic weapon-target allocation(WTA)framework needs to be improved.A multi-stage attack WTA method is proposed.First,a defense area analysis is presented according to the targets’positions and the radii of the defense areas to analyze the interactive coverage and protection between targets’defense areas.Second,with the coverage status and coverage layer number,a multi-stage attack planning method is proposed and the multi-stage attack objective function model is established.Simulation is conducted with interactive defense combat scenarios,the traditional WTA method and the multi-stage WTA method are compared,and the objective function model is validated with the Monte-Carlo method.The results suggest that if the combat scenario involves interactive coverage of targets’defense areas,it is imperative to analyze the defense areas and apply the multi-stage attack method to weakening the target defense progressively for better combat effectiveness.

基于AI的多模态融合感知综合决策系统设计实现

针对传统军事要地安防系统智能化程度较低,各自独立互不关联,缺少顶层数据综合治理等问题,选取外围周界、重要卡口、无人巡更和区域高点四种典型安防业务场景开展建模,通过数据标准化接入、智能研判分析、安防态势显示三个处理环节,构建基于AI的多模态融合感知综合决策系统,实现前端感知多维化、中台研判智能化、后端处置多样化,有效支撑了重要军事目标安全防卫,系统后续也具有良好的可扩展性与可维护性。

Thoughts on Energy Solutions to Alleviation of Air Pollution during the Heating Period in Key Areas

Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However, the atmospheric environment in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and Fenwei Plain is still severe, and especially during the heating period heavy pollution occurs frequently, which has become the focus and difficulty of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and is also the weakest link of China s air pollution control at present. How to alleviate air pollution, how to win the battle of pollution prevention and control, how to hold the fruits of the blue sky defense war, energy consumption is key.

Analysis of Lightning Disaster in Shaoyang City and Research on Its Defense Countermeasures

The climate impact assessment and monthly and annual reports of surface meteorological observation of cities and counties were reviewed,and there were no records of lightning disasters in Shaoyang from 1978 to 2000.Since 2001,there have been few records of lightning disasters,with only about 10 times in various regions.In this paper,a total of 143 investigation reports on lightning accidents since 2002 were collected,and statistical analysis was conducted based on the loss,location of occurrence,damaged industries,and social impact.In particular,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning in Shaoyang area have been clearly understood,and the main characteristics and laws of lightning accidents in Shaoyang area were revealed.The results showed that the most lightning accidents occurred in June,and no lightning accidents occurred in December.Dongkou,Longhui,and Shaoyang urban areas were the lightning prone areas,and the impact of lightning on agriculture was the largest,followed by commerce.The prevention countermeasures of lightning disasters were proposed to provide reference for disaster prevention and reduction.

低烈度重点监控防御区建筑减震设计研究

根据《建设工程抗震管理条例》规定,重点监视防御区乙类建筑应进行减震设计。以7度(0.1 g)地区一栋学生宿舍为例,通过合理的选择与布置阻尼器增加结构的附加阻尼,消耗由地震所产生的地震能量,减轻地震对结构的作用。计算结果表明:设置速度型阻尼器后,该结构在多遇地震下楼层层间剪力与层间位移角明显减小,在设防地震作用下阻尼器可正常工作,在罕遇地震作用下阻尼器变形性能良好,起到很好的耗能作用,达到结构抗震性能目标。

Influence of vapor pressure deficit on vegetation growth in China

Vapor pressure deficit(VPD)plays a crucial role in determining plant physiological functions and exerts a substantial influence on vegetation,second only to carbon dioxide(CO_(2)).As a robust indicator of atmospheric water demand,VPD has implications for global water resources,and its significance extends to the structure and functioning of ecosystems.However,the influence of VPD on vegetation growth under climate change remains unclear in China.This study employed empirical equations to estimate the VPD in China from 2000 to 2020 based on meteorological reanalysis data of the Climatic Research Unit(CRU)Time-Series version 4.06(TS4.06)and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)Reanalysis 5(ERA-5).Vegetation growth status was characterized using three vegetation indices,namely gross primary productivity(GPP),leaf area index(LAI),and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation(NIRv).The spatiotemporal dynamics of VPD and vegetation indices were analyzed using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall test.Furthermore,the influence of VPD on vegetation growth and its relative contribution were assessed using a multiple linear regression model.The results indicated an overall negative correlation between VPD and vegetation indices.Three VPD intervals for the correlations between VPD and vegetation indices were identified:a significant positive correlation at VPD below 4.820 hPa,a significant negative correlation at VPD within 4.820–9.000 hPa,and a notable weakening of negative correlation at VPD above 9.000 hPa.VPD exhibited a pronounced negative impact on vegetation growth,surpassing those of temperature,precipitation,and solar radiation in absolute magnitude.CO_(2) contributed most positively to vegetation growth,with VPD offsetting approximately 30.00%of the positive effect of CO_(2).As the rise of VPD decelerated,its relative contribution to vegetation growth diminished.Additionally,the intensification of spatial variations in temperature and precipitation accentuated the spatial heterogeneity in the impact of VPD on vegetation growth in China.This research provides a theoretical foundation for addressing climate change in China,especially regarding the challenges posed by increasing VPD.

基于目标暴露区的地面防空兵力最佳配置区规划

利用远距离支援干扰存在的目标暴露区,通过优化配置地面防空兵力,可有效降低干扰对我方地面防空作战的不利影响。在“三点一线”干扰模式分析的基础上,利用雷达干扰方程得到目标暴露区,提出了基于目标暴露区的地面防空兵力可配置区及横向、纵向兵力配置间距计算方法,并根据雷达有效干扰扇面,得到地面防空兵力干扰威胁指数计算模型。在此基础上,构建以干扰威胁指数总量最小为目标函数,以兵力可配置区及兵力配置间距为约束条件的远距离支援干扰下地面防空兵力最佳配置规划模型。采用基于线性递减权重函数的改进萤火虫优化(improved glowworm swarm optimization,IGSO)算法对其求解并进行了有效性仿真验证,结果表明所提出的规划模型具有较好的理论价值。

大区域防御体系构建思考

随着大量空中目标、弹道目标、临近空间目标和太空目标等新质武器的出现,我国空天安全面临着重大威胁。首先,从当前现状出发,分析了面临的空天威胁态势以及对手的主要作战样式;然后,从独立建设、逐步融合和跨域联合3个阶段介绍了美军防空反导体系的发展历程及相关启示,引出了对大区域防御体系构建的思考;最后,给出了大区域防御体系构建的关键技术分析。

Online task planning method of anti-ship missile based on rolling optimization

Based on the wave attack task planning method in static complex environment and the rolling optimization framework, an online task planning method in dynamic complex environment based on rolling optimization is proposed. In the process of online task planning in dynamic complex environment,online task planning is based on event triggering including target information update event, new target addition event, target failure event, weapon failure event, etc., and the methods include defense area reanalysis, parameter space update, and mission re-planning. Simulation is conducted for different events and the result shows that the index value of the attack scenario after re-planning is better than that before re-planning and according to the probability distribution of statistical simulation method, the index value distribution after re-planning is obviously in the region of high index value, and the index value gap before and after re-planning is related to the degree of posture change.

闽粤赣客家地区“围居”建筑空间形态比对研究

闽粤赣是客家人的主要聚集地区,在特定的历史环境背景下,客家人聚族而居,建造了大量的用于居住及防御的“围居”建筑。文章通过文献资料查阅、实地调研等方式,对闽粤赣客家地区的“围居”建筑类型进行整理,找出不同类型围居的发展演变规律,并且比对其形态特征,将不同的围居类型进行对比联系,发现其发展的差异之处。通过对闽粤赣客家围居的建筑形态比对,虽然不同类型围居存在一定相似特征或者相同的做法,彼此之间也存在一定的传承、演变关系,但由于彼此所处的时空环境不同,所形成的建筑形态也发生了差异。

琼北羊山古村落安全防御特征研究

海口羊山是琼北火山地区的核心区域。当地古村落独特的自然环境、移民文化、社会矛盾、耕读需求,催生了独特的防御文化。该文以羊山四个古村落作为主要研究对象,从地理位置、选址特色、空间格局、院落布局、防御工事等方面来研究物质安全防御;从血缘宗族、村规良俗、宗教信仰等方面来研究文化安全防御,推导并总结了羊山地区古村落安全防御形成原因和防御特征。同时还提出了“遗存保护”“民俗引导”“精华传承”等观点和建议。

居住区地下车库与人防工程的结合设计

首先,讨论了地下车库与人防工程的结合设计,分析了地下车库的设计要点和规划考虑;其次,概述了人防工程的定义和功能,探讨人防工程在居住区的设计原则,包括与住房紧密结合、安全性和可达性等方面的考虑;再次,深入讨论了地下车库与人防工程的结合设计,强调在设计中需兼顾实用性和安全因素,包括适应多功能利用、安全设备的规划和紧急情况下的运作模式等方面。结合设计的优势在于多重功能的实现和空间利用的最大化,但也面临管理和技术上的挑战;最后,举出两个实例,总结了该设计的重要性,强调其对城市规划和居民生活的积极意义,并提出未来的发展方向和建议,包括智能化技术的应用和政策法规的完善。

飞机三防技术分析

飞机金属、橡胶、涂层、油料受沿海地区潮湿、霉菌、高温、盐雾等环境影响,导致老化、变质、剥离、腐蚀,危及飞机安全。为保证飞机在沿海地区的飞行安全,从飞机的设计、装配、加工、保养、维护等多方面出发,采取全面、有效的控制措施,加强飞机的抗霉菌、抗湿热、抗盐雾能力,对飞机的设计、装配、加工、保养和维护等工作具有一定指导作用。

西欧“11.4”大停电事故的初步分析及防止我国大面积停电事故的措施

介绍了西欧“11.4”大停电事故的发生、发展及恢复过程,并根据公布的事故调查报告分析了“9.23”瑞典–丹麦大停电、“9.28”意大利大停电和“11.4”西欧大停电的调查结论,指出了欧洲电网目前存在的问题,并提出了保证我国电网安全稳定运行应做的工作,给出了防止我国大面积停电事故的措施。

基于在线自组织同步MAS的电网广域保护系统

介绍了电网广域保护的定义、作用、构建模式、体系结构和关键技术,提出了一种电网广域保护新方案。所提广域保护系统基于在线自组织同步MAS,其中的所有智能体(Agent)由广域精确同步脉冲驱动实现时间同步,提高了广域保护系统的实时性;依据功能需求和预定规则在线自组织成多个基于MAS的子系统,以灵活实现不同层次和不同功能的广域保护子系统;具备实现广域后备保护及协调主保护、安稳措施的能力。详细描述了所提技术方案,并讨论了与常规保护和稳定控制装置的配合问题。

边远地区灾害卫生应急能力文献分析及建设研究

目的分析边远地区灾害卫生应急能力建设主要存在的问题,为制定符合边远地区灾害特点的卫生应急能力建设方案,提高基层灾害卫生应急能力,促进我国灾害应急救援体系向"正金字塔"型发展提供参考证据。方法电子检索中国科技期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方中文期刊全文数据库(WanFang DATA)、维普网(CqVIP)和国内主要官方网站信息,对符合纳入标准的文献主要结果进行描述性分析。结果共纳入81篇文献,其研究类型以政策措施和现状调查居多,分别为37.03%和32.10%;2000—2010年,文献研究的区域分布东部占57.15%、中部占26.98%、西部占15.87%;边远地区灾害卫生应急能力建设主要存在问题为:基层卫生人才短缺,村卫生室服务半径大,仪器设备简陋,村民缺乏灾害救护知识及信息化、网络化建设落后等。结论西部边远地区灾害卫生应急能力建设落后于东、中部;边远地区卫生资源贫瘠制约其灾害卫生应急能力建设;因此,制定与边远地区基层医疗服务体系建设协调发展的灾害卫生应急能力建设方案是现阶段亟待解决的问题。

大电网安全稳定综合协调防御的工程应用

构建安全稳定综合协调防御系统是提高大电网安全稳定运行水平的重要技术措施。分析了实现大电网安全稳定综合协调防御系统工程应用的关键技术,介绍了在电网安全稳定时空协调的防御框架内研究开发的大电网安全稳定综合协调防御系统的工程实施与应用情况,包括技术特点和主要应用功能,阐述了其对大电网安全稳定运行与控制能力的提升作用。

时空大数据环境下的大电网稳定态势量化评估与自适应防控体系构建

广域测量系统实测信息及故障集仿真结果构成了电网时空大数据,如何采用大数据技术对它们进行快速、高效地挖掘,实现大电网在线安全评估与防御是智能电网核心目标之一。从电网广域时空量测信息角度,解释了电网时空大数据的内涵,提出大电网在线稳定态势评估与自适应防御体系(stability situation assessment and adaptive defense control system,ST-SADC)的整体架构及关键技术。ST-SADC以大数据分析与处理为底层技术支撑,基于广域时空量测信息实现大电网稳定态势量化评估及主导环节的反映射虚拟建模,进而实现轨迹型自适应防御控制。针对当前技术现状,讨论了ST-SADC循环递进式研究路线。该体系可进一步提高广域时空量测信息的挖掘深度和广度,最终提升大电网轨迹型智能化预警和防控能力。

区域防空部署优化系统建模

为了全面、合理地度量区域防空作战部署的优劣,解决兵力一定情况下的优化部署问题,首先提出了掩护价值的概念,它是掩护能力与保卫目标重要程度的综合量度;然后建立了一种新的评价区域防空部署的指标体系,给出了各指标或因素的具体确定方法;在此基础上建立了以掩护价值为目标函数的区域防空优化部署模型;提出了基于启发式方法的部署优化模型求解方法,给出了求解框架和算法流程。实际应用证明,模型是有效的,求解结果是可行的。

弹炮结合防空系统作战部署建模与分析

对弹炮结合防空系统部署的依据和方法进行研究,在线形、扇形和环形3种基本的部署模型基础上,详细分析了弹炮结合防空系统的杀伤区范围及主要参数,并在此基础上解算了杀伤区的特征值计算模型,利用任务规划系统进行软件仿真,验证了模型的正确性。