For analytic functions u,ψin the unit disk D in the complex plane and an analytic self-mapφof D,we describe in this paper the boundedness and compactness of product type operators T_(u,ψ,φ)f(z)=u(z)f(φ(z))+ψ(z)f...For analytic functions u,ψin the unit disk D in the complex plane and an analytic self-mapφof D,we describe in this paper the boundedness and compactness of product type operators T_(u,ψ,φ)f(z)=u(z)f(φ(z))+ψ(z)f'(φ(z)),z∈D,acting between weighted Bergman spaces induced by a doubling weight and a Bloch type space with a radial weight.展开更多
Hydrogen energy,with its abundant reserves,green and low-carbon characteristic,high energy density,diverse sources,and wide applications,is gradually becoming an important carrier in the global energy transformation a...Hydrogen energy,with its abundant reserves,green and low-carbon characteristic,high energy density,diverse sources,and wide applications,is gradually becoming an important carrier in the global energy transformation and development.In this paper,the off-grid wind power hydrogen production system is considered as the research object,and the operating characteristics of a proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolysis cell,including underload,overload,variable load,and start-stop are analyzed.On this basis,the characteristic extraction of wind power output data after noise reduction is carried out,and then the self-organizing mapping neural network algorithm is used for clustering to extract typical wind power output scenarios and perform weight distribution based on the statistical probability.The trend and fluctuation components are superimposed to generate the typical operating conditions of an off-grid PEM electrolytic hydrogen production system.The historical output data of an actual wind farm are used for the case study,and the results confirm the feasibility of the method proposed in this study for obtaining the typical conditions of off-grid wind power hydrogen production.The results provide a basis for studying the dynamic operation characteristics of PEM electrolytic hydrogen production systems,and the performance degradation mechanism of PEM electrolysis cells under fluctuating inputs.展开更多
Energy consumption and environmental impact considerations of machining processes are viewed as important issues for the global trends towards sustainable manufacturing. The existing research of reducing energy consum...Energy consumption and environmental impact considerations of machining processes are viewed as important issues for the global trends towards sustainable manufacturing. The existing research of reducing energy consumption and environmental impacts of machining processes greatly focuses on design and planning activities, but is reasonably sparse for production operation activities. This paper explores a systematic methodology that incorporates energy consumption and environmental impact considerations into the production operation of machining processes. Firstly, the framework of the methodology is proposed to establish the generic procedures for integrating the above considerations in production operation activities. As the two key issues of the framework, the profile index value matrix is determined by valuing the individual quantity of energy consumption and environmental impacts of machining each job on each machine, and the multi-criteria models are constructed by the operational methods. Furthermore, with the guideline of the framework, the specific formulations are modeled by two sub-models for the parallel machine scheduling problem, in which makespan and energy consumption are the optimizing objectives as well as the constraints of environmental impact considerations. The specific formulations provide a practical method to integrate energy consumption and environmental impact considerations into the scheduling activity, and also can serve as a reference to other activities in the production operation. The case study for a batch of jobs, including seven kinds of gears in the machining shop floor, is presented to demonstrate the application of the specific formulations of the methodology. The proposed methodology provides potential opportunities for reducing energy consumption and environmental impacts in machining processes, and helps production managers in decision-making on the issues of energy consumption and environmental impacts in the production operation.展开更多
We study Hausdorff operators on the product Besov space B0,1 1 (Rn ×Rm) and on the local product Hardy space h1 (Rn ×Rm). We establish some boundedness criteria for Hausdorff operators on these function ...We study Hausdorff operators on the product Besov space B0,1 1 (Rn ×Rm) and on the local product Hardy space h1 (Rn ×Rm). We establish some boundedness criteria for Hausdorff operators on these function spaces.展开更多
In this article, we obtain the sharp bounds from LP(Gn) to the space wLP(Gn) for Hardy operators on product spaces. More generally, the precise norms of Hardy operators on product spaces from LP(Gn) to the space...In this article, we obtain the sharp bounds from LP(Gn) to the space wLP(Gn) for Hardy operators on product spaces. More generally, the precise norms of Hardy operators on product spaces from LP(Gn) to the space LPI (Gn) are obtained.展开更多
By means of vector-valued product Calderón-Zygmund operators and some subtle estimates,the boundedness in product Hardy spaces on R^n × R^m of Calderón-Zygmund operators introduced by J.L. Journé i...By means of vector-valued product Calderón-Zygmund operators and some subtle estimates,the boundedness in product Hardy spaces on R^n × R^m of Calderón-Zygmund operators introduced by J.L. Journé is established.展开更多
To explore the problems of dynamic change in production demand and operating contradiction in production process, a new extension theory-based production operation method is proposed. The core is the demand requisitio...To explore the problems of dynamic change in production demand and operating contradiction in production process, a new extension theory-based production operation method is proposed. The core is the demand requisition, contradiction resolution and operation classification. For the demand requisition, the deep and comprehensive demand elements are collected by the conjugating analysis. For the contradiction resolution, the conflict between the demand and operating elements are solved by the extension reasoning, extension transformation and consistency judgment. For the operating classification, the operating importance among the operating elements is calculated by the extension clustering so as to guide the production operation and ensure the production safety. Through the actual application in the cascade reaction process of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) of a chemical plant, cases study and comparison show that the proposed extension theory-based production operation method is significantly better than the traditional experience-based operation method in actual production process, which exploits a new way to the research on the production operating methods for industrial process.展开更多
Production planning models generated by common modeling systems do not involve constraints for process operations, and a solution optimized by these models is called a quasi-optimal plan. The quasi-optimal plan cannot...Production planning models generated by common modeling systems do not involve constraints for process operations, and a solution optimized by these models is called a quasi-optimal plan. The quasi-optimal plan cannot be executed in practice some time for no corresponding operating conditions. In order to determine a practi- cally feasible optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of fluidized catalytic cracking unit (FCCU), a novel close-loop integrated strategy, including determination of a quasi-optimal plan, search of operating conditions of FCCU and revision of the production planning model, was proposed in this article. In the strategy, a generalized genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with a sequential process simulator of FCCU was applied to search operating conditions implementing the quasi-optimal plan of FCCU and output the optimal individual in the GA search as a final genetic individual. When no corresponding operating conditions were found, the final genetic individual based correction (FGIC) method was presented to revise the production planning model, and then a new quasi-optimal production plan was determined. The above steps were repeated until a practically feasible optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of FCCU were obtained. The close-loop integrated strategy was validated by two cases, and it was indicated that the strategy was efficient in determining a practically executed optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of FCCU.展开更多
To conveniently calculate the Wigner function of the optical cumulant operator and its dissipation evolution in a thermal environment, in this paper, the thermo-entangled state representation is introduced to derive t...To conveniently calculate the Wigner function of the optical cumulant operator and its dissipation evolution in a thermal environment, in this paper, the thermo-entangled state representation is introduced to derive the general evolution formula of the Wigner function, and its relation to Weyl correspondence is also discussed. The method of integration within the ordered product of operators is essential to our discussion.展开更多
In this survey report, we shall mainly summarize some recent progress, interesting problems and typical methods used in the theory related to rough Marcinkiewicz integrals and rough singular integrals on product space...In this survey report, we shall mainly summarize some recent progress, interesting problems and typical methods used in the theory related to rough Marcinkiewicz integrals and rough singular integrals on product spaces. In addition, we give new proofs for some known results.展开更多
Cooling, transportation and sale processes of spiced geese were studied, eight spiced geese meat samples with different sampling time, Airborne microorganism samples of three different workplaces and five different en...Cooling, transportation and sale processes of spiced geese were studied, eight spiced geese meat samples with different sampling time, Airborne microorganism samples of three different workplaces and five different environmental contact substance samples were test, measures of special mediums, biochemical identification and DNA sequencing were carried out, then Escherichia coli, Yeast, Mildew, Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were detected. For spiced geese meat samples, microorganisms were significant (p ) increased with the prolong of sampling time. Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were detected in each processing operation and the total aerobic counts of each sample was increased or significant (p ) increased with the prolong of sampling time;Escherichia coli, Yeast and Mildew were detected on samples entered into the retail outlet mainly and the total aerobic counts of each sample was increased or significant (p ) increased also. In the household workshop, Mildew and Janthinobacterium were the superior microorganisms. In the transport vehicle, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were the superior microorganisms;Staphylococcus aureus was the superior microorganism in the retail outlet. For environmental contact substances, Cooling platform, pallet, chopping block were the most serious contaminated environmental contact substances and the total bacteria counts were significant (p ) more than stainless steel barrel and chopper;Janthinobacterium was the superior microorganism on pallet, stainless steel barrel and chopper;Lactic acid bacteria was the superior microorganism on chopping block and stainless steel barrel;Staphylococcus aureus was the superior microorganism on cooling platform. Findings indicate that Escherichia coli, Yeast, Mildew, Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Janthinobacterium were the main microorganisms;Household workshop and the retail outlet were the main place microorganisms contaminated;Pallet, stainless steel barrel and chopper were the main environmental contact substances.展开更多
Hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane electrolysis has good fluctuation adaptability,making it suitable for hydrogen production by electrolysis in fluctuating power sources such as wind power.However,current...Hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane electrolysis has good fluctuation adaptability,making it suitable for hydrogen production by electrolysis in fluctuating power sources such as wind power.However,current research on the durability of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers is insufficient.Studying the typical operating conditions of wind power electrolysis for hydrogen production can provide boundary conditions for performance and degradation tests of electrolysis stacks.In this study,the operating condition spectrum of an electrolysis stack degradation test cycle was proposed.Based on the rate of change of the wind farm output power and the time-averaged peak-valley difference,a fluctuation output power sample set was formed.The characteristic quantities that played an important role in the degradation of the electrolysis stack were selected.Dimensionality reduction of the operating data was performed using principal component analysis.Clustering analysis of the data segments was completed using an improved Gaussian mixture clustering algorithm.Taking the annual output power data of wind farms in Northwest China with a sampling rate of 1 min as an example,the cyclic operating condition spectrum of the proton-exchange membrane electrolysis stack degradation test was constructed.After preliminary simulation analysis,the typical operating condition proposed in this paper effectively reflects the impact of the original curve on the performance degradation of the electrolysis stack.This study provides a method for evaluating the degradation characteristics and system efficiency of an electrolysis stack due to fluctuations in renewable energy.展开更多
In order to improve production and operation ability of medium and small-sized enterprises, an assessment-index system of production and operation ability was proposed, and a corresponding assessment model was establi...In order to improve production and operation ability of medium and small-sized enterprises, an assessment-index system of production and operation ability was proposed, and a corresponding assessment model was established based on BP neural network. The conjunction weights of the neural network were continuously modified from output layer to input layer in the process of neural network training to reduce the errors between the anticipated and actual outputs. The results from an example show that this method is reliable and feasible. The production and operation abilitv of an enterorise with assessed result of 0.833 is fairly oowerful, and that with assessed result of 0.644 is average.展开更多
Developing production and operation in scales in the major grain producing areas is the direction of the paper. Seizing the opportunity of modem agriculture comprehensive reform in two plains (Songnen Plain and Sanji...Developing production and operation in scales in the major grain producing areas is the direction of the paper. Seizing the opportunity of modem agriculture comprehensive reform in two plains (Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain) of Heilongjiang Province and supporting to build a new type of production and management based on the big grain production householding, which plays demonstration and leading roles, have an important strategic position in improving agricultural comprehensive production capacity and ensuring national food security. In this paper, based on the survey data about the big grain production households production operations and analyses of the obstacles in expansion of production in Heilongjiang Province, specific suggestions in supporting the development of the big grain production household were put forward, such as, increasing agricultural production socialized level; perfecting the service system of land transferring; improving financial policies and farmer-friendly policy measures and perfecting the agriculture socialized service system.展开更多
Through statistical analysis on questionnaire survey data from 136 silkworm eggs producing farms in China,it was concluded that most silkworm eggs producing farms had such problems as follows: old production facilitie...Through statistical analysis on questionnaire survey data from 136 silkworm eggs producing farms in China,it was concluded that most silkworm eggs producing farms had such problems as follows: old production facilities and poor production condition,heavy staff burden,weak scientific and technological support,small operation scale and heavy surplus production capacity; narrow silkworm eggs sale channels and stubborn regional segmentation,insufficient innovation and lack of technological support for diversified expansion. All these problems led to low labor productivity,low asset utilization rate and poor economic benefit in silkworm eggs producing farms in China. Except the provinces( regions) of Guangxi,Guangdong and Yunnan,the silkworm eggs producing farms in other provinces were generally at deficit condition. In the light of ownership,although silkworm eggs producing farms of different ownership systems were in the red,those of the private sector had the minimum deficit. Based on these findings,it is proposed to deepen system reformation of silkworm eggs producing farms,loosen control to price and circulation of silkworm eggs,implement large-scaled production and operation,speed up scientific and technological innovation,expand diversified development channels,and reinforce government support so as to increase production and operation benefits of silkworm eggs producing farms in China.展开更多
In this paper, we consider the general quasi-differential expressions each of order n with complex coefficients and their formal adjoints on the interval (a,b). It is shown in direct sum spaces of functions defined on...In this paper, we consider the general quasi-differential expressions each of order n with complex coefficients and their formal adjoints on the interval (a,b). It is shown in direct sum spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals with the cases of one and two singular end-points and when all solutions of the equation and its adjoint are in (the limit circle case) that all well-posed extensions of the minimal operator have resolvents which are HilbertSchmidt integral operators and consequently have a wholly discrete spectrum. This implies that all the regularly solvable operators have all the standard essential spectra to be empty. These results extend those of formally symmetric expression studied in [1-10] and those of general quasi-differential expressions in [11-19].展开更多
The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian sta...The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian states with various non-classical properties.In this paper,the two-mode squeezing operator is derived with integral theory within the Weyl ordering product of operators using a combinatorial field in which one mode is a chaotic field and the other mode is a vacuum field.The density operator of the new light field,its entanglement property and photon number distribution are analyzed.We also note that tracing a three-mode pure state can yield this new light field.These methods represent a theoretical approach to investigating new density operators of light fields.展开更多
Commutators of Calderon-Zygmund operators on product spaces to be study in the paper is the commutators of Sarah H Ferguson and Michael T Lacey. The L^P boundedness of the nested commutators is proved on product space...Commutators of Calderon-Zygmund operators on product spaces to be study in the paper is the commutators of Sarah H Ferguson and Michael T Lacey. The L^P boundedness of the nested commutators is proved on product spaces, where 1<p<∞.展开更多
Let L1 and L2 be the Schrodinger operators on Rn and Rm, respectively. By using different maximal functions and Littlewood-Paley g function on distinct variables, in this paper,some characterizations for functions in ...Let L1 and L2 be the Schrodinger operators on Rn and Rm, respectively. By using different maximal functions and Littlewood-Paley g function on distinct variables, in this paper,some characterizations for functions in the product Hardy space HL1,L21(R^n×R^m) associated to operators L1 and L2 are obtained.展开更多
文摘For analytic functions u,ψin the unit disk D in the complex plane and an analytic self-mapφof D,we describe in this paper the boundedness and compactness of product type operators T_(u,ψ,φ)f(z)=u(z)f(φ(z))+ψ(z)f'(φ(z)),z∈D,acting between weighted Bergman spaces induced by a doubling weight and a Bloch type space with a radial weight.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Program Number 2021YFB4000100)the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation(Grant Number 2023-ZZ-63).
文摘Hydrogen energy,with its abundant reserves,green and low-carbon characteristic,high energy density,diverse sources,and wide applications,is gradually becoming an important carrier in the global energy transformation and development.In this paper,the off-grid wind power hydrogen production system is considered as the research object,and the operating characteristics of a proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolysis cell,including underload,overload,variable load,and start-stop are analyzed.On this basis,the characteristic extraction of wind power output data after noise reduction is carried out,and then the self-organizing mapping neural network algorithm is used for clustering to extract typical wind power output scenarios and perform weight distribution based on the statistical probability.The trend and fluctuation components are superimposed to generate the typical operating conditions of an off-grid PEM electrolytic hydrogen production system.The historical output data of an actual wind farm are used for the case study,and the results confirm the feasibility of the method proposed in this study for obtaining the typical conditions of off-grid wind power hydrogen production.The results provide a basis for studying the dynamic operation characteristics of PEM electrolytic hydrogen production systems,and the performance degradation mechanism of PEM electrolysis cells under fluctuating inputs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50775228)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education, China (Grant No. NCET-07-0907)Chongqing Provincal Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2010BB0055)
文摘Energy consumption and environmental impact considerations of machining processes are viewed as important issues for the global trends towards sustainable manufacturing. The existing research of reducing energy consumption and environmental impacts of machining processes greatly focuses on design and planning activities, but is reasonably sparse for production operation activities. This paper explores a systematic methodology that incorporates energy consumption and environmental impact considerations into the production operation of machining processes. Firstly, the framework of the methodology is proposed to establish the generic procedures for integrating the above considerations in production operation activities. As the two key issues of the framework, the profile index value matrix is determined by valuing the individual quantity of energy consumption and environmental impacts of machining each job on each machine, and the multi-criteria models are constructed by the operational methods. Furthermore, with the guideline of the framework, the specific formulations are modeled by two sub-models for the parallel machine scheduling problem, in which makespan and energy consumption are the optimizing objectives as well as the constraints of environmental impact considerations. The specific formulations provide a practical method to integrate energy consumption and environmental impact considerations into the scheduling activity, and also can serve as a reference to other activities in the production operation. The case study for a batch of jobs, including seven kinds of gears in the machining shop floor, is presented to demonstrate the application of the specific formulations of the methodology. The proposed methodology provides potential opportunities for reducing energy consumption and environmental impacts in machining processes, and helps production managers in decision-making on the issues of energy consumption and environmental impacts in the production operation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10931001, 10871173 and 11026104)
文摘We study Hausdorff operators on the product Besov space B0,1 1 (Rn ×Rm) and on the local product Hardy space h1 (Rn ×Rm). We establish some boundedness criteria for Hausdorff operators on these function spaces.
基金supported by NSFC(11471309,11271162,and11561062)Project of Henan Provincial Department of Education(18A110028)+1 种基金the Nanhu Scholar Program for Young Scholars of XYNUDoctoral Scientific Research Startup Fund of Xinyang Normal University(2016)
文摘In this article, we obtain the sharp bounds from LP(Gn) to the space wLP(Gn) for Hardy operators on product spaces. More generally, the precise norms of Hardy operators on product spaces from LP(Gn) to the space LPI (Gn) are obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871025)
文摘By means of vector-valued product Calderón-Zygmund operators and some subtle estimates,the boundedness in product Hardy spaces on R^n × R^m of Calderón-Zygmund operators introduced by J.L. Journé is established.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61104131)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(ZY1111)
文摘To explore the problems of dynamic change in production demand and operating contradiction in production process, a new extension theory-based production operation method is proposed. The core is the demand requisition, contradiction resolution and operation classification. For the demand requisition, the deep and comprehensive demand elements are collected by the conjugating analysis. For the contradiction resolution, the conflict between the demand and operating elements are solved by the extension reasoning, extension transformation and consistency judgment. For the operating classification, the operating importance among the operating elements is calculated by the extension clustering so as to guide the production operation and ensure the production safety. Through the actual application in the cascade reaction process of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) of a chemical plant, cases study and comparison show that the proposed extension theory-based production operation method is significantly better than the traditional experience-based operation method in actual production process, which exploits a new way to the research on the production operating methods for industrial process.
文摘Production planning models generated by common modeling systems do not involve constraints for process operations, and a solution optimized by these models is called a quasi-optimal plan. The quasi-optimal plan cannot be executed in practice some time for no corresponding operating conditions. In order to determine a practi- cally feasible optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of fluidized catalytic cracking unit (FCCU), a novel close-loop integrated strategy, including determination of a quasi-optimal plan, search of operating conditions of FCCU and revision of the production planning model, was proposed in this article. In the strategy, a generalized genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with a sequential process simulator of FCCU was applied to search operating conditions implementing the quasi-optimal plan of FCCU and output the optimal individual in the GA search as a final genetic individual. When no corresponding operating conditions were found, the final genetic individual based correction (FGIC) method was presented to revise the production planning model, and then a new quasi-optimal production plan was determined. The above steps were repeated until a practically feasible optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of FCCU were obtained. The close-loop integrated strategy was validated by two cases, and it was indicated that the strategy was efficient in determining a practically executed optimal plan and corresponding operating conditions of FCCU.
基金Project supported by the Foundation for Young Talents in College of Anhui Province, China (Grant Nos. gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions, China (Grant Nos. 2022AH051580 and 2022AH051586)。
文摘To conveniently calculate the Wigner function of the optical cumulant operator and its dissipation evolution in a thermal environment, in this paper, the thermo-entangled state representation is introduced to derive the general evolution formula of the Wigner function, and its relation to Weyl correspondence is also discussed. The method of integration within the ordered product of operators is essential to our discussion.
基金the Project of Development Plan of the State Key Fundamental Research Major Project of NNSFC,and NSFZJ.
文摘In this survey report, we shall mainly summarize some recent progress, interesting problems and typical methods used in the theory related to rough Marcinkiewicz integrals and rough singular integrals on product spaces. In addition, we give new proofs for some known results.
文摘Cooling, transportation and sale processes of spiced geese were studied, eight spiced geese meat samples with different sampling time, Airborne microorganism samples of three different workplaces and five different environmental contact substance samples were test, measures of special mediums, biochemical identification and DNA sequencing were carried out, then Escherichia coli, Yeast, Mildew, Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were detected. For spiced geese meat samples, microorganisms were significant (p ) increased with the prolong of sampling time. Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were detected in each processing operation and the total aerobic counts of each sample was increased or significant (p ) increased with the prolong of sampling time;Escherichia coli, Yeast and Mildew were detected on samples entered into the retail outlet mainly and the total aerobic counts of each sample was increased or significant (p ) increased also. In the household workshop, Mildew and Janthinobacterium were the superior microorganisms. In the transport vehicle, Staphylococcus aureus and Janthinobacterium were the superior microorganisms;Staphylococcus aureus was the superior microorganism in the retail outlet. For environmental contact substances, Cooling platform, pallet, chopping block were the most serious contaminated environmental contact substances and the total bacteria counts were significant (p ) more than stainless steel barrel and chopper;Janthinobacterium was the superior microorganism on pallet, stainless steel barrel and chopper;Lactic acid bacteria was the superior microorganism on chopping block and stainless steel barrel;Staphylococcus aureus was the superior microorganism on cooling platform. Findings indicate that Escherichia coli, Yeast, Mildew, Lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Janthinobacterium were the main microorganisms;Household workshop and the retail outlet were the main place microorganisms contaminated;Pallet, stainless steel barrel and chopper were the main environmental contact substances.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Materials and Process Basis of Electrolytic Hydrogen Production from Fluctuating Power Sources such as Photovoltaic/Wind Power,No.2021YFB4000100).
文摘Hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane electrolysis has good fluctuation adaptability,making it suitable for hydrogen production by electrolysis in fluctuating power sources such as wind power.However,current research on the durability of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers is insufficient.Studying the typical operating conditions of wind power electrolysis for hydrogen production can provide boundary conditions for performance and degradation tests of electrolysis stacks.In this study,the operating condition spectrum of an electrolysis stack degradation test cycle was proposed.Based on the rate of change of the wind farm output power and the time-averaged peak-valley difference,a fluctuation output power sample set was formed.The characteristic quantities that played an important role in the degradation of the electrolysis stack were selected.Dimensionality reduction of the operating data was performed using principal component analysis.Clustering analysis of the data segments was completed using an improved Gaussian mixture clustering algorithm.Taking the annual output power data of wind farms in Northwest China with a sampling rate of 1 min as an example,the cyclic operating condition spectrum of the proton-exchange membrane electrolysis stack degradation test was constructed.After preliminary simulation analysis,the typical operating condition proposed in this paper effectively reflects the impact of the original curve on the performance degradation of the electrolysis stack.This study provides a method for evaluating the degradation characteristics and system efficiency of an electrolysis stack due to fluctuations in renewable energy.
基金Project 2001FJJ036 supported by Society Science Foundation of Henan Province
文摘In order to improve production and operation ability of medium and small-sized enterprises, an assessment-index system of production and operation ability was proposed, and a corresponding assessment model was established based on BP neural network. The conjunction weights of the neural network were continuously modified from output layer to input layer in the process of neural network training to reduce the errors between the anticipated and actual outputs. The results from an example show that this method is reliable and feasible. The production and operation abilitv of an enterorise with assessed result of 0.833 is fairly oowerful, and that with assessed result of 0.644 is average.
基金Supported by the Stage Achievement of Social Science Fund Project of Heilongjiang Province and the Application of Technology Research(12C053)the Development Project in Heilongjiang Province(2013R0242)
文摘Developing production and operation in scales in the major grain producing areas is the direction of the paper. Seizing the opportunity of modem agriculture comprehensive reform in two plains (Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain) of Heilongjiang Province and supporting to build a new type of production and management based on the big grain production householding, which plays demonstration and leading roles, have an important strategic position in improving agricultural comprehensive production capacity and ensuring national food security. In this paper, based on the survey data about the big grain production households production operations and analyses of the obstacles in expansion of production in Heilongjiang Province, specific suggestions in supporting the development of the big grain production household were put forward, such as, increasing agricultural production socialized level; perfecting the service system of land transferring; improving financial policies and farmer-friendly policy measures and perfecting the agriculture socialized service system.
基金Supported by Specific Project of China Agricultural Industry Research System(NO.CARS-22)Special Project of the Ministry of Agriculture in 2011(No.NBN[2012]44)
文摘Through statistical analysis on questionnaire survey data from 136 silkworm eggs producing farms in China,it was concluded that most silkworm eggs producing farms had such problems as follows: old production facilities and poor production condition,heavy staff burden,weak scientific and technological support,small operation scale and heavy surplus production capacity; narrow silkworm eggs sale channels and stubborn regional segmentation,insufficient innovation and lack of technological support for diversified expansion. All these problems led to low labor productivity,low asset utilization rate and poor economic benefit in silkworm eggs producing farms in China. Except the provinces( regions) of Guangxi,Guangdong and Yunnan,the silkworm eggs producing farms in other provinces were generally at deficit condition. In the light of ownership,although silkworm eggs producing farms of different ownership systems were in the red,those of the private sector had the minimum deficit. Based on these findings,it is proposed to deepen system reformation of silkworm eggs producing farms,loosen control to price and circulation of silkworm eggs,implement large-scaled production and operation,speed up scientific and technological innovation,expand diversified development channels,and reinforce government support so as to increase production and operation benefits of silkworm eggs producing farms in China.
文摘In this paper, we consider the general quasi-differential expressions each of order n with complex coefficients and their formal adjoints on the interval (a,b). It is shown in direct sum spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals with the cases of one and two singular end-points and when all solutions of the equation and its adjoint are in (the limit circle case) that all well-posed extensions of the minimal operator have resolvents which are HilbertSchmidt integral operators and consequently have a wholly discrete spectrum. This implies that all the regularly solvable operators have all the standard essential spectra to be empty. These results extend those of formally symmetric expression studied in [1-10] and those of general quasi-differential expressions in [11-19].
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775208)the Foundation for Young Talents in College of Anhui Province,China(Grant Nos.gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant Nos.KJ2020A0638 and 2022AH051586)。
文摘The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian states with various non-classical properties.In this paper,the two-mode squeezing operator is derived with integral theory within the Weyl ordering product of operators using a combinatorial field in which one mode is a chaotic field and the other mode is a vacuum field.The density operator of the new light field,its entanglement property and photon number distribution are analyzed.We also note that tracing a three-mode pure state can yield this new light field.These methods represent a theoretical approach to investigating new density operators of light fields.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10571182)
文摘Commutators of Calderon-Zygmund operators on product spaces to be study in the paper is the commutators of Sarah H Ferguson and Michael T Lacey. The L^P boundedness of the nested commutators is proved on product spaces, where 1<p<∞.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11471176)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(BS2014SF002)
文摘Let L1 and L2 be the Schrodinger operators on Rn and Rm, respectively. By using different maximal functions and Littlewood-Paley g function on distinct variables, in this paper,some characterizations for functions in the product Hardy space HL1,L21(R^n×R^m) associated to operators L1 and L2 are obtained.