Medusae in 116 samples collected from the coastal waters of the northern Beibu Gulf during four seasonal oceanographic cruises from October 2017 to August 2018 were analyzed.In total,34 species were identified.Two of ...Medusae in 116 samples collected from the coastal waters of the northern Beibu Gulf during four seasonal oceanographic cruises from October 2017 to August 2018 were analyzed.In total,34 species were identified.Two of the species are new to science,Proboscidactyla pentacanalis Xu,Chen&Yang sp.nov.and Helgicirrha apapillata Xu,Chen&Wang sp.nov.,and three species are newly recorded in the Beibu Gulf,i.e.,Hydractinia vacuolata Xu&Huang,2006,Proboscidactyla flavicirrata Brandnt,1834 and Phialella macrogona Xu,Huang&Wang,1985.Collections of the species were deposited at the Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources.展开更多
A new kind of nematocyst, heteromorphore, and three new types of nematocysts, microbasic spino-mastigophore, microbasic undulata-mastigophore, microbasic laevis-mastigophore, are described from medusae of the Xiamen H...A new kind of nematocyst, heteromorphore, and three new types of nematocysts, microbasic spino-mastigophore, microbasic undulata-mastigophore, microbasic laevis-mastigophore, are described from medusae of the Xiamen Harbour and discussed by comparison with the results of other research workers.展开更多
Sarsia tubulosa(M. Sars, 1835) belongs to the family Corynidae, and is mainly distributed in coastal boreal and arctic waters. During regular zooplankton sampling in a coastal artificial lake(Lake Fenghuang) near the ...Sarsia tubulosa(M. Sars, 1835) belongs to the family Corynidae, and is mainly distributed in coastal boreal and arctic waters. During regular zooplankton sampling in a coastal artificial lake(Lake Fenghuang) near the northern Yellow Sea(36?55?N, 122?24?E) in May 2015, we found high densities of Sarsia sp. in the zooplankton samples. The mean density of the medusae was 50± 40 individuals m^(-3)(mean ± SD). These specimens were characterized by a long tube-like manubrium and were consistent with previous descriptions of S. tubulosa. Furthermore, a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I subunit gene fragments revealed that these individuals clustered with S. tubulosa. Therefore, based on both morphological and molecular data, these specimens were identified as S. tubulosa. This report represents the first formal record of S. tubulosa in Chinese coastal waters, which extended its known geographical distribution.展开更多
Based on the maritime data collected from 23°30′-33°00′N and 118°30′-128°00′E of the East China Sea(ECS)in four seasons during 1997-2000,the dynamics of medusae diversity and their causes were ...Based on the maritime data collected from 23°30′-33°00′N and 118°30′-128°00′E of the East China Sea(ECS)in four seasons during 1997-2000,the dynamics of medusae diversity and their causes were analyzed.A total of 103 medusae species were identified,and these species mainly distributed in the southern and north-ern offshore areas of the ECS.Species diversity index(H′)of medusae was higher in the south than those in the north,higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn,and higher in offshore than in the nearshore areas.The species number was closely correlated with H′value,whereas the abundance of species had no significant rela-tionship with the diversity index.The lower H′value of the nearshore in spring and autumn resulted from the aggregation of Muggiaea atlantica in the south nearshore and Diphyes chamissonis in the north nearshore.In addition,water temperature,followed by salinity,is the main environmental factor influencing the distribution of species diversity.The H′value was related to the water temperature at the 10 m layer in winter and spring,and it was associated with the surface water temperature in summer and with the 10 m-salinity-layer in autumn.In spring and summer,the isoline distribution of H′value reflected the direction of the Taiwan Warm Current and the variation of the water masses in the ECS.In winter,the isoline of the H′value indicated the incursion of Kuroshio current.In conclusion,the H′isoline is an good indicator for water masses in ECS.展开更多
Background: Psychological archetypes are according to Carl Jung universal, archaic patterns and images that are derived from the collective unconscious and are the psychic counterpart of an instinct. Besides fundament...Background: Psychological archetypes are according to Carl Jung universal, archaic patterns and images that are derived from the collective unconscious and are the psychic counterpart of an instinct. Besides fundamental Jungian archetypes (persona, shadow, anima, animus, great mother, wise old man, hero, self and self-realization), there may be plenty of other psychological archetypes, existence of which can be deduced indirectly through stories, art, myths, religions or dreams. Purpose: This review article is to discuss the myths of Medusa, Hades and Persephone, as well as psychological archetypes present in art and stories. Methods: Several famous psychological archetypes deducted from myths, art and culture, are presented in this article and discussed from medical, psychological and philosophical perspective. Results: Interpretation of psychological archetypes deduced from here presented myths and works of art are posttraumatic embitterment disorder (Medusa), arranged marriage (Hades and Persephone), duality of human nature (Jekyll and Hyde), shared psychosis (Harley Quinn and Joker), fear, phobias, child abuse and childhood traumas (It), instinctive fear of clinical and psychic/emotional vampirism (vampires), the mystery of time (Langoliers). Conclusion: Psychological archetypes represent the powerful source of artistic and scientific inspiration originating from collective unconscious. Research, discovery and understanding of psychological archetypes may be of great value as these reveal universal human thoughts, fears, desires, tendencies, and problems being present throughout the history of humankind. Investigation of psychological archetypes may significantly improve our knowledge of human psychology.展开更多
Aurelia spp.ephyrae have been reported to form blooms in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds in the Bohai and Yellow Seas.To identify the species,we carried out a genetic analysis of Aurelia spp.ephyrae and medusae based o...Aurelia spp.ephyrae have been reported to form blooms in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds in the Bohai and Yellow Seas.To identify the species,we carried out a genetic analysis of Aurelia spp.ephyrae and medusae based on mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene.Samples offour Aurelia sp.ephyrae populations were collected in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds and samples offour Aurelia sp.medusae populations were collected in coastal waters.Using a BLASTn search,we found that both the ephyrae collected in the aquaculture ponds and medusae collected in coastal waters belong to Aurelia coerulea.Seventeen haplotypes were recovered from the 16 S rRNA gene.The overall haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the 166 A.coerulea individuals were 0.686%and 0.329%,respectively,indicating high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity.Moreover,the haplotype diversity of ephyrae populations were generally lower than that of medusae populations with close sampling points.The genetic differentiation between ephyrae populations collected in the sea cucumber aquaculture ponds and A.coerulea medusae collected in coastal waters was not significant,suggesting the ephyrae populations in the sea cucumber culture ponds were part of the same genetic group as the medusae populations in the coastal waters.Phylogeographic analysis of the 16 S rRNA region revealed that there was no significant correlation between the haplotypes and the geographic distribution of populations.Pairwise fixation index values showed significant genetic differentiation and limited gene flow between A.coerulea population of Weifang and other locations.展开更多
Willa Cather's Youth and the Bright Medusa first published in 1920 is a collection of eight stories of similar themes depicting the modern artists' futile attempts to construct their art kingdom. This essay fo...Willa Cather's Youth and the Bright Medusa first published in 1920 is a collection of eight stories of similar themes depicting the modern artists' futile attempts to construct their art kingdom. This essay focuses on Cather's antipathy toward monetary wealth and aesthet ic persistence and reflects on theartists' dilemma in a philistine industrial society.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41406216the foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography under contract No.2013016the Global Climate Change and Ocean Atmosphere Interaction Research,Biological Classification System Research and the Marine Biological Sample Museum Upgrade and Expansion under contract No.GASI-01-02-04
文摘Medusae in 116 samples collected from the coastal waters of the northern Beibu Gulf during four seasonal oceanographic cruises from October 2017 to August 2018 were analyzed.In total,34 species were identified.Two of the species are new to science,Proboscidactyla pentacanalis Xu,Chen&Yang sp.nov.and Helgicirrha apapillata Xu,Chen&Wang sp.nov.,and three species are newly recorded in the Beibu Gulf,i.e.,Hydractinia vacuolata Xu&Huang,2006,Proboscidactyla flavicirrata Brandnt,1834 and Phialella macrogona Xu,Huang&Wang,1985.Collections of the species were deposited at the Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources.
文摘A new kind of nematocyst, heteromorphore, and three new types of nematocysts, microbasic spino-mastigophore, microbasic undulata-mastigophore, microbasic laevis-mastigophore, are described from medusae of the Xiamen Harbour and discussed by comparison with the results of other research workers.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41576152)the Special Exchange Program for Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus from CAS
文摘Sarsia tubulosa(M. Sars, 1835) belongs to the family Corynidae, and is mainly distributed in coastal boreal and arctic waters. During regular zooplankton sampling in a coastal artificial lake(Lake Fenghuang) near the northern Yellow Sea(36?55?N, 122?24?E) in May 2015, we found high densities of Sarsia sp. in the zooplankton samples. The mean density of the medusae was 50± 40 individuals m^(-3)(mean ± SD). These specimens were characterized by a long tube-like manubrium and were consistent with previous descriptions of S. tubulosa. Furthermore, a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I subunit gene fragments revealed that these individuals clustered with S. tubulosa. Therefore, based on both morphological and molecular data, these specimens were identified as S. tubulosa. This report represents the first formal record of S. tubulosa in Chinese coastal waters, which extended its known geographical distribution.
基金This study was funded by theMajor Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90511005)the National Basic Research Program(No.G2001CB409700).We thank Wang Yunlong,Chen Yuanquan,Yuan Qi,Jiang Mei,He Dehua,Yang Guanmin,Yang Yuanli,Hong Bo and Hang Jindi for sampling,in-door sample processing and data processing.Special thanks to Prof.Zhang Jinbiao for his great work in identification of the species.We also thank Prof.Shen Xiaomin for his insightful suggestion and great efforts in the preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Based on the maritime data collected from 23°30′-33°00′N and 118°30′-128°00′E of the East China Sea(ECS)in four seasons during 1997-2000,the dynamics of medusae diversity and their causes were analyzed.A total of 103 medusae species were identified,and these species mainly distributed in the southern and north-ern offshore areas of the ECS.Species diversity index(H′)of medusae was higher in the south than those in the north,higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn,and higher in offshore than in the nearshore areas.The species number was closely correlated with H′value,whereas the abundance of species had no significant rela-tionship with the diversity index.The lower H′value of the nearshore in spring and autumn resulted from the aggregation of Muggiaea atlantica in the south nearshore and Diphyes chamissonis in the north nearshore.In addition,water temperature,followed by salinity,is the main environmental factor influencing the distribution of species diversity.The H′value was related to the water temperature at the 10 m layer in winter and spring,and it was associated with the surface water temperature in summer and with the 10 m-salinity-layer in autumn.In spring and summer,the isoline distribution of H′value reflected the direction of the Taiwan Warm Current and the variation of the water masses in the ECS.In winter,the isoline of the H′value indicated the incursion of Kuroshio current.In conclusion,the H′isoline is an good indicator for water masses in ECS.
文摘Background: Psychological archetypes are according to Carl Jung universal, archaic patterns and images that are derived from the collective unconscious and are the psychic counterpart of an instinct. Besides fundamental Jungian archetypes (persona, shadow, anima, animus, great mother, wise old man, hero, self and self-realization), there may be plenty of other psychological archetypes, existence of which can be deduced indirectly through stories, art, myths, religions or dreams. Purpose: This review article is to discuss the myths of Medusa, Hades and Persephone, as well as psychological archetypes present in art and stories. Methods: Several famous psychological archetypes deducted from myths, art and culture, are presented in this article and discussed from medical, psychological and philosophical perspective. Results: Interpretation of psychological archetypes deduced from here presented myths and works of art are posttraumatic embitterment disorder (Medusa), arranged marriage (Hades and Persephone), duality of human nature (Jekyll and Hyde), shared psychosis (Harley Quinn and Joker), fear, phobias, child abuse and childhood traumas (It), instinctive fear of clinical and psychic/emotional vampirism (vampires), the mystery of time (Langoliers). Conclusion: Psychological archetypes represent the powerful source of artistic and scientific inspiration originating from collective unconscious. Research, discovery and understanding of psychological archetypes may be of great value as these reveal universal human thoughts, fears, desires, tendencies, and problems being present throughout the history of humankind. Investigation of psychological archetypes may significantly improve our knowledge of human psychology.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA23050301)the Special Exchange Program from the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41576152,41876138)+1 种基金the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.YJKYYQ20180047)the Key Research and Development Program of Yantai(No.2018ZHGY073)。
文摘Aurelia spp.ephyrae have been reported to form blooms in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds in the Bohai and Yellow Seas.To identify the species,we carried out a genetic analysis of Aurelia spp.ephyrae and medusae based on mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene.Samples offour Aurelia sp.ephyrae populations were collected in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds and samples offour Aurelia sp.medusae populations were collected in coastal waters.Using a BLASTn search,we found that both the ephyrae collected in the aquaculture ponds and medusae collected in coastal waters belong to Aurelia coerulea.Seventeen haplotypes were recovered from the 16 S rRNA gene.The overall haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the 166 A.coerulea individuals were 0.686%and 0.329%,respectively,indicating high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity.Moreover,the haplotype diversity of ephyrae populations were generally lower than that of medusae populations with close sampling points.The genetic differentiation between ephyrae populations collected in the sea cucumber aquaculture ponds and A.coerulea medusae collected in coastal waters was not significant,suggesting the ephyrae populations in the sea cucumber culture ponds were part of the same genetic group as the medusae populations in the coastal waters.Phylogeographic analysis of the 16 S rRNA region revealed that there was no significant correlation between the haplotypes and the geographic distribution of populations.Pairwise fixation index values showed significant genetic differentiation and limited gene flow between A.coerulea population of Weifang and other locations.
文摘Willa Cather's Youth and the Bright Medusa first published in 1920 is a collection of eight stories of similar themes depicting the modern artists' futile attempts to construct their art kingdom. This essay focuses on Cather's antipathy toward monetary wealth and aesthet ic persistence and reflects on theartists' dilemma in a philistine industrial society.
