Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) is a Gammacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae and causes highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens. Innate immunity plays significant roles in host defense against IB...Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) is a Gammacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae and causes highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens. Innate immunity plays significant roles in host defense against IBV. Here, we explored the interaction between IBV and the host innate immune system. Severe histopathological lesions were observed in the tracheal mucosa at 3–5days post inoculation(dpi) and in the kidney at 8 dpi, with heavy viral loads at 1–11 and 1–28 dpi,respectively. The expression of m RNAs encoding Toll-like receptor(TLR) 3 and TLR7 were upregulated at 3–8 dpi, and that of TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon(IFN) β(TRIF) was upregulated at 21 dpi in the trachea and kidney. Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88(My D88) was upregulated in the trachea during early infection. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF) 3 and TRAF6 were upregulated expression in both tissues.Moreover, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5(MDA5), laboratory of genetics and physiology 2(LGP2), stimulator of IFN genes(STING), and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS), as well as TANK binding kinase 1(TBK1), inhibitor of kappa B kinase(IKK) ?, IKKα, IKKβ,IFN regulatory factor(IRF) 7, nuclear factor of kappa B(NF-κB), IFN-α, IFN-β, various interleukins(ILs), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β(MIP-1β) were significantly upregulated in the trachea and downregulated in the kidney. These results suggested that the TLR and MDA5 signaling pathways and innate immune cytokine were induced after IBV infection. Additionally,consistent responses to IBV infection were observed during early infection, with differential and complicated responses in the kidney.展开更多
目的探讨抗黑色素瘤分化相关蛋白-5(melanoma differentiation associated protein-5,MDA5)抗体、抗Ro-52抗体双阳性皮肌炎的临床特征及预后情况。方法收集2018年8月~2022年7月空军军医大学第二附属医院唐都医院收治的抗MDA5抗体阳性的4...目的探讨抗黑色素瘤分化相关蛋白-5(melanoma differentiation associated protein-5,MDA5)抗体、抗Ro-52抗体双阳性皮肌炎的临床特征及预后情况。方法收集2018年8月~2022年7月空军军医大学第二附属医院唐都医院收治的抗MDA5抗体阳性的47例皮肌炎患者,根据抗Ro-52抗体是否阳性,分为MDA5+Ro-52阳性组(n=23),MDA5+Ro-52阴性组(n=24),回顾性分析其临床资料,比较两组患者的临床特征、实验室指标、快速进展性肺间质病变发生率及病死率的差异。结果两组比较,MDA5+Ro-52阳性组Gotton疹、声音嘶哑发生率高于MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);皮肤破溃、甲周红斑、向阳疹、披肩征、发热、关节疼痛、咽痛等发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);MDA5+Ro-52阳性组淋巴细胞计数[0.65(0.50,0.81)×10^(9)/L vs 1.18(0.91,1.63)×10^(9)/L,z=-3.821,P=0.001]、血清白蛋白[33.40(29.40,35.67)g/L vs 37.25(32.65,40.27)g/L,z=-3.325,P=0.001]、动脉氧分压[66.60(58.60,86.80)mmHg vs 88.60(75.67,95.72)mmHg,z=-2.373,P=0.018]、血氧饱和度[90.40%(89.00%,95.00%)vs 94.90%(90.50%,97.73%),z=-2.353,P=0.019]低于MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),红细胞沉降率[41.00(30.00,62.50)mm/h vs 28.50(21.50,48.75)mm/h,z=2.161,P=0.031]、血清乳酸脱氢酶水平[426.00(335.50,605.50)U/L vs 260.00(217.50,373.25)U/L,z=3.313,P=0.011]、血清铁蛋白水平[1210.00(465.50,2749.00)μg/L vs 366.00(150.25,629.25)μg/L,z=2.856,P=0.004]、快速进展性肺间质病变发生率(73.91%vs 25.00%,χ^(2)=11.245,P=0.001)及病死率(43.47%vs 8.33%,χ^(2)=7.63,P=0.006)均高于抗MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗MDA5抗体、抗Ro-52抗体双阳性的皮肌炎患者易出现血清乳酸脱氢酶、铁蛋白水平增高,血清白蛋白、外周血淋巴细胞计数减低,且更易合并快速进展性肺间质病变、出现低氧血症,预后差,病死率高,需引起临床医师的重视。展开更多
Retinoic acid-inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) sense viral RNA and activate antiviral immune responses.Herein we investigate their functions in human epithelial cells...Retinoic acid-inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) sense viral RNA and activate antiviral immune responses.Herein we investigate their functions in human epithelial cells,the primary and initial target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).A deficiency in MDA5,RIG-Ⅰ or mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) enhanced viral replication.The expression of the type I/III interferon(IFN) during infection was impaired in MDA5;and MAVS;,but not in RIG-Ⅰ;,when compared to wild type (WT) cells.The mRNA level of full-length angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2),the cellular entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2,was approximately 2.5-fold higher in RIG-Ⅰ;than WT cells.These data demonstrate MDA5 as the predominant SARS-CoV-2 sensor,IFN-independent induction of ACE2 and anti-SARS-CoV-2 role of RIG-Ⅰ in epithelial cells.展开更多
Introduction:Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis(anti-MDA5+DM)is a distinct subtype of DM,which is characterized by typical cutaneous features,minimal or no muscle involvement and ...Introduction:Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis(anti-MDA5+DM)is a distinct subtype of DM,which is characterized by typical cutaneous features,minimal or no muscle involvement and notable interstitial lung disease,which typically progresses rapidly and has a high mortality.Spontaneous pneumomediastinum(PNM),a relatively unusual but serious complication of anti-MDA5+DM,further increases mortality.Currently,there is no generally accepted treatment regimen for anti-MDA5+DM-associated PNM.Case Description:A 53-year-old man with anti-MDA5+DM presented with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease that progressed to diffuse subcutaneous emphysema and PNM despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapies.He responded well to combined anti-infection treatments,moderate immunotherapy,and continuous oxygen therapy.Conclusion:Comprehensive screening for potential infections,as well as close monitoring of the patient's immune status is essential for individualizing treatment and maximizing prognosis.展开更多
Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)modulate many aspects of biological and pathological processes.Recent studies have shown that host lncRNAs participate in the antiviral immune response,but functional lncRNAs in coxsackievi...Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)modulate many aspects of biological and pathological processes.Recent studies have shown that host lncRNAs participate in the antiviral immune response,but functional lncRNAs in coxsackievirus B5(CVB5)infection remain unknown.Here,we identified a novel cytoplasmic lncRNA,LINC1392,which was highly inducible in CVB5 infected RD cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner,and also can be induced by the viral RNA and IFN-β.Further investigation showed that LINC1392 promoted several important interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)expression,including IFIT1,IFIT2,and IFITM3 by activating MDA5,thereby inhibiting the replication of CVB5 in vitro.Mechanistically,LINC1392 bound to ELAV like RNA binding protein 1(ELAVL1)and blocked ELAVL1 interaction with MDA5.Functional study revealed that the 245–835 nt locus of LINC1392 exerted the antiviral effect and was also an important site for ELAVL1 binding.In mice,LINC1392 could inhibit CVB5 replication and alleviated the histopathological lesions of intestinal and brain tissues induced by viral infection.Our findings collectively reveal that the novel LINC1392 acts as a positive regulator in the IFN-I signaling pathway against CVB5 infection.Elucidating the underlying mechanisms on how lncRNA regulats the host innate immunity response towards CVB5 infection will lay the foundation for antiviral drug research.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (31360611 and 31160516)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2013GXNSFCA01 9010 and 2014GXNSFDA118011)
文摘Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) is a Gammacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae and causes highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens. Innate immunity plays significant roles in host defense against IBV. Here, we explored the interaction between IBV and the host innate immune system. Severe histopathological lesions were observed in the tracheal mucosa at 3–5days post inoculation(dpi) and in the kidney at 8 dpi, with heavy viral loads at 1–11 and 1–28 dpi,respectively. The expression of m RNAs encoding Toll-like receptor(TLR) 3 and TLR7 were upregulated at 3–8 dpi, and that of TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon(IFN) β(TRIF) was upregulated at 21 dpi in the trachea and kidney. Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88(My D88) was upregulated in the trachea during early infection. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF) 3 and TRAF6 were upregulated expression in both tissues.Moreover, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5(MDA5), laboratory of genetics and physiology 2(LGP2), stimulator of IFN genes(STING), and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS), as well as TANK binding kinase 1(TBK1), inhibitor of kappa B kinase(IKK) ?, IKKα, IKKβ,IFN regulatory factor(IRF) 7, nuclear factor of kappa B(NF-κB), IFN-α, IFN-β, various interleukins(ILs), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β(MIP-1β) were significantly upregulated in the trachea and downregulated in the kidney. These results suggested that the TLR and MDA5 signaling pathways and innate immune cytokine were induced after IBV infection. Additionally,consistent responses to IBV infection were observed during early infection, with differential and complicated responses in the kidney.
文摘目的探讨抗黑色素瘤分化相关蛋白-5(melanoma differentiation associated protein-5,MDA5)抗体、抗Ro-52抗体双阳性皮肌炎的临床特征及预后情况。方法收集2018年8月~2022年7月空军军医大学第二附属医院唐都医院收治的抗MDA5抗体阳性的47例皮肌炎患者,根据抗Ro-52抗体是否阳性,分为MDA5+Ro-52阳性组(n=23),MDA5+Ro-52阴性组(n=24),回顾性分析其临床资料,比较两组患者的临床特征、实验室指标、快速进展性肺间质病变发生率及病死率的差异。结果两组比较,MDA5+Ro-52阳性组Gotton疹、声音嘶哑发生率高于MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);皮肤破溃、甲周红斑、向阳疹、披肩征、发热、关节疼痛、咽痛等发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);MDA5+Ro-52阳性组淋巴细胞计数[0.65(0.50,0.81)×10^(9)/L vs 1.18(0.91,1.63)×10^(9)/L,z=-3.821,P=0.001]、血清白蛋白[33.40(29.40,35.67)g/L vs 37.25(32.65,40.27)g/L,z=-3.325,P=0.001]、动脉氧分压[66.60(58.60,86.80)mmHg vs 88.60(75.67,95.72)mmHg,z=-2.373,P=0.018]、血氧饱和度[90.40%(89.00%,95.00%)vs 94.90%(90.50%,97.73%),z=-2.353,P=0.019]低于MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),红细胞沉降率[41.00(30.00,62.50)mm/h vs 28.50(21.50,48.75)mm/h,z=2.161,P=0.031]、血清乳酸脱氢酶水平[426.00(335.50,605.50)U/L vs 260.00(217.50,373.25)U/L,z=3.313,P=0.011]、血清铁蛋白水平[1210.00(465.50,2749.00)μg/L vs 366.00(150.25,629.25)μg/L,z=2.856,P=0.004]、快速进展性肺间质病变发生率(73.91%vs 25.00%,χ^(2)=11.245,P=0.001)及病死率(43.47%vs 8.33%,χ^(2)=7.63,P=0.006)均高于抗MDA5+Ro-52阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗MDA5抗体、抗Ro-52抗体双阳性的皮肌炎患者易出现血清乳酸脱氢酶、铁蛋白水平增高,血清白蛋白、外周血淋巴细胞计数减低,且更易合并快速进展性肺间质病变、出现低氧血症,预后差,病死率高,需引起临床医师的重视。
基金supported by a National Institutes of Health grant (No. R01AI132526)a UConn Health Startup fund to Wang P。
文摘Retinoic acid-inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) sense viral RNA and activate antiviral immune responses.Herein we investigate their functions in human epithelial cells,the primary and initial target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).A deficiency in MDA5,RIG-Ⅰ or mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) enhanced viral replication.The expression of the type I/III interferon(IFN) during infection was impaired in MDA5;and MAVS;,but not in RIG-Ⅰ;,when compared to wild type (WT) cells.The mRNA level of full-length angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2),the cellular entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2,was approximately 2.5-fold higher in RIG-Ⅰ;than WT cells.These data demonstrate MDA5 as the predominant SARS-CoV-2 sensor,IFN-independent induction of ACE2 and anti-SARS-CoV-2 role of RIG-Ⅰ in epithelial cells.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,Grant/Award Number:20202ACBL206011Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases,Grant/Award Number:20192BCD42005Jiangxi Province Medical Leading Discipline Construction Project。
文摘Introduction:Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis(anti-MDA5+DM)is a distinct subtype of DM,which is characterized by typical cutaneous features,minimal or no muscle involvement and notable interstitial lung disease,which typically progresses rapidly and has a high mortality.Spontaneous pneumomediastinum(PNM),a relatively unusual but serious complication of anti-MDA5+DM,further increases mortality.Currently,there is no generally accepted treatment regimen for anti-MDA5+DM-associated PNM.Case Description:A 53-year-old man with anti-MDA5+DM presented with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease that progressed to diffuse subcutaneous emphysema and PNM despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapies.He responded well to combined anti-infection treatments,moderate immunotherapy,and continuous oxygen therapy.Conclusion:Comprehensive screening for potential infections,as well as close monitoring of the patient's immune status is essential for individualizing treatment and maximizing prognosis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81860357)the Young Talents Support Program of Yunnan Province,China(Ten Thousand People Plan,YNWR-QNBJ-2019-178).
文摘Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)modulate many aspects of biological and pathological processes.Recent studies have shown that host lncRNAs participate in the antiviral immune response,but functional lncRNAs in coxsackievirus B5(CVB5)infection remain unknown.Here,we identified a novel cytoplasmic lncRNA,LINC1392,which was highly inducible in CVB5 infected RD cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner,and also can be induced by the viral RNA and IFN-β.Further investigation showed that LINC1392 promoted several important interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)expression,including IFIT1,IFIT2,and IFITM3 by activating MDA5,thereby inhibiting the replication of CVB5 in vitro.Mechanistically,LINC1392 bound to ELAV like RNA binding protein 1(ELAVL1)and blocked ELAVL1 interaction with MDA5.Functional study revealed that the 245–835 nt locus of LINC1392 exerted the antiviral effect and was also an important site for ELAVL1 binding.In mice,LINC1392 could inhibit CVB5 replication and alleviated the histopathological lesions of intestinal and brain tissues induced by viral infection.Our findings collectively reveal that the novel LINC1392 acts as a positive regulator in the IFN-I signaling pathway against CVB5 infection.Elucidating the underlying mechanisms on how lncRNA regulats the host innate immunity response towards CVB5 infection will lay the foundation for antiviral drug research.
