MEN1在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展

多发性内分泌腺肿瘤型1(MEN1)基因通过编码Menin调节细胞增殖和凋亡等过程,并且参与多个信号通路的调节,包括Wnt/β-catenin、Notch、Hedgehog/Dnmt1、Hippo等信号通路,这些都与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。因此,MEN1的突变或功能缺陷可能导致肿瘤发生的风险增加。以往关于MEN1的研究主要集中于神经内分泌肿瘤,MEN1在神经内分泌肿瘤中作为抑癌基因发挥作用,其缺失突变引起的基因功能丧失,参与了神经内分泌肿瘤的发生发展。但近年研究表明,MEN1在不同的肿瘤中发挥不同的作用,如在胃癌中通过抑制IQ基元GTP酶激活蛋白1(IQGAP1)表现为抑癌基因,在肝癌中则通过甲基化相关途径表现为癌基因,在结直肠癌中通过自噬相关机制也表现为癌基因;而在食管癌、胰腺癌中MEN1的作用尚存在争议。现就近年来MEN1在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展做一综述。

Epidemiological Profile of Men Who Have Sex with Men: First Data about Male Sex Workers in Central African Republic (CAR)

Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex workers (SW) among them, as well as the proportion of MSM who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study coordinated by the Direction de la Médecine du Travail was carried out at the headquarters of the association ALTERNATIVES in Bangui Bangui from July 1 to October 31, 2021. Consenting MSM present during the study period were systematically included. Sociodemographic variables, those relating to the future vision of the activity and to GBV were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Results: Forty MSM with an average age of 23 years and mainly secondary education (75.0%) were included. The vast majority of MSM were unemployed (85.0%). 45.0% had been victims of GBV and wanted to stop working as an MSM (47.5%), and almost 2/3 (65.0%) would accept another income-generating activity in exchange for the MSM. Violence was sexual (32.5%), economic (22.5%), physical (20.0%), verbal (12.5%) and psychological (12.5%). Conclusion: The MSM were mainly young, poorly educated, unemployed, and almost half were victims of GBV. The desire to change MSM activity to another income-generating activity alongside that of MSM shows that many of them are SW, workers in the informal sector. This must be taken into account in prevention activities, even if the data needs to be confirmed on a much larger sample.

Clinical prediction of insufficient vaults after implantable collamer lens implantation

AIM:To determine the factors related to preoperative ocular characters that are predictive of insufficient vault(<250μm)after implantable collamer lens(ICL V4c;STAAR Surgical)implantation.METHODS:The participants underwent ICL surgery and were divided into the low(<250μm)and normal(250-1000μm)vault groups based on the postoperative vault at 3mo.The preoperative biometric parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.The relationship between the 3-month vault values and preoperative ocular parameters were evaluated by Generalized estimating equations.RESULTS:Sixteen(23 eyes)and 36 patients(63 eyes)were in the low and normal vault groups,respectively.All implantation procedures were uneventful with no cataract formation in the early postoperative period.The sulcusto-sulcus lens rise(STSL)and iris ciliary angle(ICA)were correlated with vault at 3mo after surgery.Every 0.1 mm increase in STSL was associated with 38.9μm decrease in the postoperative 3-month vault.A rise of 1 degree in ICA is associated with a reduction of 4μm in vault.CONCLUSION:Eyes with a narrow ciliary sulcus are associated with a higher rate of low vault after ICL implantation,suggesting a need for adjustments to the ICL size in these patients.Evaluating the characteristics of the ciliary sulcus contributes valuable information to predict low vault after surgery.

MEN1基因在前列腺癌中生物学功能的研究进展

近二十年来,我国前列腺癌的发病率逐年攀升,已经成为泌尿外科三大恶性肿瘤中最常见的一种。当下我国前列腺癌患者中,初诊即晚期的比例相比于欧美日等发达国家仍然较高,且有超过70%的晚期前列腺癌病患发生转移,若出现远处转移,其患者生存率仅为30%。因此,进一步寻找新的诊疗分子靶点就具有更加重要的现实意义和理论价值。研究证实多发性内分泌肿瘤1型(MEN1)基因编码的menin蛋白参与前列腺癌的发生发展,同时menin是前列腺治疗潜在的新靶点。该文将对MEN1基因结构及menin在前列腺癌中的生物学功能进行概述,重点探讨menin调控前列腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭的分子机理。以期为MEN1基因及menin蛋白在前列腺癌中的深入研究提供参考。

Urethroplasty among Elderly Men, Surgical Techniques and Outcomes

Introduction: Urethroplasty remains the gold standard for the management of urethral stricture. However, the treatment of stricture disease in the elderly tends to be less invasive due to the presumption that they might not be able to stand long hours of surgery and might have higher rates of recurrence due to poor wound healing from microangiopathy. We present our experience with the outcomes of urethroplasty among elderly men seen at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021. Methods: This was a retrospective review of data captured in the urology database on all patients 65 years and above who underwent urethroplasty at the hospital over the study period. Data was obtained on patients’ demographics, stricture characteristics, urethroplasty technique, and outcome. A successful outcome was defined as peak flow rate > 15 mls/s, a patent urethra on retrograde urethrogram, patient satisfaction with urine stream, or restoration of the normal stream of urine with only one attempt at urethral calibration or internal urethrotomy postoperatively. Data was analyzed using PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Results: Overall, 43 urethroplasties were done over the study period in elderly men. The age range was 65 to 87 years. The commonest aetiology was catheterization (62.79%) followed by urethritis (32.56%). Stricture length ranged from 0.5 cm to 16 cm with a mean of 3.93 cm. Most patients (60.46%) had bulbar urethral strictures. The repair methods employed were anastomotic urethroplasty (62.80%), fasciocutaneous flap (FCF) ventral onlay (13.95%), buccal mucosa graft (BMG) ventral onlay urethroplasty (4.65%), and staged urethroplasty (4.65%). Three of the patients (6.98%) had a combination of anastomotic and tissue transfer urethroplasty. The overall success rate was 88.37%. Complications included three surgical site infections, two urethral diverticula and one glans dehiscence. Conclusion: Elderly men tolerate urethroplasty well and the procedure should not be denied solely based on age.

Vault predicting after implantable collamer lens implantation using random forest network based on different features in ultrasound biomicroscopy images

AIM:To analyze ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images using random forest network to find new features to make predictions about vault after implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation.METHODS:A total of 450 UBM images were collected from the Lixiang Eye Hospital to provide the patient’s preoperative parameters as well as the vault of the ICL after implantation.The vault was set as the prediction target,and the input elements were mainly ciliary sulcus shape parameters,which included 6 angular parameters,2 area parameters,and 2 parameters,distance between ciliary sulci,and anterior chamber height.A random forest regression model was applied to predict the vault,with the number of base estimators(n_estimators)of 2000,the maximum tree depth(max_depth)of 17,the number of tree features(max_features)of Auto,and the random state(random_state)of 40.0.RESULTS:Among the parameters selected in this study,the distance between ciliary sulci had a greater importance proportion,reaching 52%before parameter optimization is performed,and other features had less influence,with an importance proportion of about 5%.The importance of the distance between the ciliary sulci increased to 53% after parameter optimization,and the importance of angle 3 and area 1 increased to 5% and 8%respectively,while the importance of the other parameters remained unchanged,and the distance between the ciliary sulci was considered the most important feature.Other features,although they accounted for a relatively small proportion,also had an impact on the vault prediction.After parameter optimization,the best prediction results were obtained,with a predicted mean value of 763.688μm and an actual mean value of 776.9304μm.The R²was 0.4456 and the root mean square error was 201.5166.CONCLUSION:A study based on UBM images using random forest network can be performed for prediction of the vault after ICL implantation and can provide some reference for ICL size selection.

Proportioning Criteria for Traditional and Innovative Extrados Techniques for the Strengthening of Barrel Vaulted Structures Subjected to Rocking of the Abutments

In this paper, the behavior of barrel-vaulted structures undergoing rocking of the abutments and the effectiveness of a few retrofit solutions are discussed. The comprehension of the structural performance of vault-abutment systems is fundamental for their seismic vulnerability assessment, and for the design of efficient strengthening techniques. In the paper, traditional techniques such as extrados thin concrete slab or masonry spandrel walls as well as an innovative solution with an extrados thin improved lime mortar slab reinforced by means of glass fiber mesh are considered. The different strengthening solutions are studied and compared on the basis of the results of non linear numerical analyses and by reference to a simplified analytical approach. Numerical and analytical models are validated through comparison with the results of a recent experimental study focusing on the behavior of vaulted masonry structures subjected to rocking of the abutments. The validated models can be used by engineers for the seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry vaulted structures as well as for the proportioning of possible extrados strengthening solutions, and will be used in the future to explore different structural system configurations.

Application of femtosecond laser in assisted cataract after ICL implantation with different vault

Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report two unusual cases of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)in two ICL-implanted patients with significant different vault.FLACS has been confirmed by accumulating evidence to improve the safety and precision of surgery from common cases to complicated cases in treating cataracts[1-3].Implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation possesses a good performance in its predictability,reversibility,and the rapid visual recovery.

Men’s Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions on Family Planning in Tourourou Village, Gogui Rural Commune, Nioro Circle, Kayes Region of Mali

Introduction: The involvement of men in reproductive health programmes and more specifically in family planning has always been of concern to the various development actors at both national and international levels. Objective: To study the births, ideas and opinions of men on Family Planning in the village of Tourourou. Material and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study from February 1 to July 31, 2020 in the village of TOUROUROU on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions of Men on Family Planning. We included in our study, all men residing in TOUROUROU whose age is between 14 and 99 years, who agreed to participate in the study. Results: Our study involved 200 men. The 25 - 29 age group was the most represented with 25.5%. The Soninke had represented 41%. In our study, 97.5% of men had heard of family planning, 62% had spontaneously cited at least one modern contraceptive method, and the pill ranked first with 64.5%. Radio and friends were the most frequent sources of information with 57.5% and 54.5% respectively. Birth spacing was the most cited family planning goal by men in 43.5% of cases. Men supported the practice of family planning in 50.5% of cases. Conclusion: In the village of Tourourou men play a crucial role in decision-making concerning the health of the couple and the family, their effective involvement in Reproductive Health especially in Family Planning will contribute enormously to the improvement of the health of the family.

To Explore the Relationship between Lower Extremity Vascular Sclerosis and Osteoporosis in Elderly Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To investigate the correlation between lower extremity vascular sclerosis and osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 359 elderly male patients with type II diabetes hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2018 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to the BMD (Bone Density Value), the patients were categorized into osteoporotic (T ≤ -2.5, n = 248) and non-osteoporotic groups (T > -2.5, n = 111). T test and Chi-square test were used to evaluate the differences in clinical data, biochemical markers and ABI between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: Compared with the non-osteoporotic group, the differences in diabetes course, systolic blood pressure, ABI, BMI, uric acid, triglyceride, and HDL in the osteoporotic group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that lower extremity vascular sclerosis was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P Conclusion: Atherosclerosis of the lower extremities in elderly men with T2DM is closely related to osteoporosis, and can lead to a decrease in bone mass, and an increase in osteoporosis.

Structural Gender Inequality and Mental Health among Chinese Men and Women

Little is known about the association between structural gender inequality and health in patriarchal China.This study employed a sample from the Chinese Women’s Social Status,consisting of 26,139 participants aged 18 and 70 years(13,494 women and 12,645 men).Structural gender inequality was assessed at the macro-,meso-,and micro-levels.Mental health was measured by the summed scores of eight questions on depressive symptoms.Multilevel linear regression was applied for analysis.Results showed that total sex ratio at birth was associated with poorer mental health among women and men but sex ratio at birth of the second-born child predicted better mental health.Gender inequality at meso-level resulted in poorer mental health and gender inequality at micro-level was associated with poorer mental health both for men and women.Eliminating structural gender inequality promotes populations’mental health in China.

Bone Defect of the Cranial Vault: Difficulty of the Diagnostic about a Case, and Revew of Literature

The bone defects of the cranial vault encompassed rare malformations including acalvaria, hypocalvaria, acrania, hypocrania, anencephaly and exencephaly. They are also described in some pathological entities such as aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp. We report an unusual case of cephalic malformation which combine defects of the skin, the dura mater, and the bones of the vault, with a malformation of the central nervous system. This unique case emphasizes a problem of nosological definition between the terms mentioned above. acalvaria, the acrania, the hypocalvaria and the aplasia cutis congenita. Thus, herein, we proceed to a literature review of bone defects of the skull and their differential diagnosis.

Comparison of“Song to the Men of England”With“Large Rat”of Book of Songs From the Approach of New Criticism

New Criticism is an important theory in deciphering poetry.With the help of New Criticism,the meanings and the charms of the poetry are shown.“Song to the Men of England”and“Large Rat”are from different countries with the same emotions of accusing the cruelty of the exploiter and the miserable life of the exploited.However,“Song to the Men of England”is full of hatred to the exploiter,hoping to destroy the society.Nevertheless,the exploited of“Large Rat”keep the hope of moving to a new free land.The two poems show different characteristics of Englishmen and Chinese.

HIV阳性MSM的社会行为及首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素分析

目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性男男性行为者(MSM)的社会行为特征,分析首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素。方法收集2007—2022年绵阳市疾病预防控制中心新确证并实施首次流行病学调查的阳性MSM资料,阳性时间的影响因素分析采用χ^(2)检验和Logistics回归模型。结果共收集有效资料457份,自认性取向成因属先天因素63.95%、后天因素36.05%,首次同性性行为性伴来源互联网60.54%、朋友等39.46%。首次同性性行为年龄平均23.95岁,发生阶段为在校学生44.64%、工作后55.36%。53.75%使用过rush poppers。阳性时间平均5.25年。多因素分析结果,职业学生/商业服务/无业(OR=1.868)、首次同性性行为发生在在校学生阶段(OR=1.555)者阳性时间短的可能更大,婚姻状况在婚及其他(OR=0.566)、固定性伴数≥3人(OR=0.553)、偶遇性伴数≥5人(OR=0.457)者阳性时间短的可能更小。结论阳性MSM多自认其性取向属先天因素,首次同性性行为的性伴来源互联网、发生在工作后和使用新型毒品较为普遍。阳性时间与婚姻状况、首次同性性行为发生阶段及性伴数量相关联。要针对性强化健康教育和行为干预。

七例猴痘临床特征分析

对上海市浦东新区人民医院2023年7~12月收治的7例猴痘患者临床症状及实验室检查等资料进行分析。7例患者皮疹部位和咽拭子标本猴痘病毒核酸检测阳性。7例猴痘患者均为MSM人群,年龄26~41岁;发病前21天内均有男男性行为史;6例患者首发部位为阴阜或生殖器区域,1例患者首发部位为口周及肛周;6例出现发热;6例伴有其他性传播疾病;病例发现方式均为主动就诊。

绵阳市男男性行为者经历亲密关系暴力现状及其关联因素

目的了解四川省绵阳市男男性行为者(MSM)经历亲密关系暴力(IPV)现状,分析其关联因素。方法于2022年1至12月采用“滚雪球”抽样法选取984名MSM作为研究对象,进行问卷调查,采用χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归模型分析经历IPV的关联因素。结果共调查984人,经历IPV者占3.7%,其中肢体暴力占8.3%、语言暴力占69.4%、性暴力和其他暴力各占11.1%,经历IPV来自固定性伴占50.0%、偶遇性伴占30.6%、都有占19.4%。经多因素分析结果显示,市级城市居住(OR=4.831)、性角色被插入方/均可(OR=3.652)、肛交人数≥4人(OR=2.740)、高性感觉寻求(OR=2.470)者经历IPV的可能性更大,知晓艾滋病知识(OR=0.141)、害怕感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)(OR=0.240)者经历IPV的可能性更小。结论MSM经历IPV以固定性伴和语言暴力为主,其经历IPV与性角色、肛交人数和性感觉寻求等因素相关,经历IPV会增大HIV感染风险,要针对性开展健康教育和行为干预。

北京市男男性行为人群流感知信行现状分析

目的 通过研究北京市男男性行为人群流行性感冒知信行的现状及影响因素,为男男性行为人群流行性感冒防控和健康教育提供参考依据。方法 依托北京市艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊和定点治疗机构,利用问卷星对男男性行为人群进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验和多因素二分类logistic回归模型分析调查对象关于流行性感冒的相关知识、态度和行为及影响因素。结果 收回有效问卷977份,调查对象流行性感冒相关知识正确率为86.28%,高中或中专(OR=2.279,95%CI:1.146~4.499)、大专或本科(OR=2.679,95%CI:1.462~4.916)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=6.400,95%CI:2.244~18.281)的流感知识水平高于初中及以下,HIV感染者流感知识水平低于HIV未感染者(OR=0.645,95%CI:0.442~0.967);流行性感冒正向态度持有率为61.31%,18~<30岁(OR=0.278,95%CI:0.128~0.608)、30~<40岁(OR=0.265,95%CI:0.134~0.578)、40~<50岁(OR=0.266,95%CI:0.115~0.609)年龄者的流感正向态度持有水平低于≥50岁者,高中或中专(OR=2.473,95%CI:1.293~4.708)、大专或本科(OR=2.556,95%CI:1.464~4.476)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=2.731,95%CI:1.435~5.173)的流感正向态度持有水平高于初中及以下,近3年接种过其他疫苗史者流感正向态度持有水平高于近3年未接种其他疫苗史者(OR=1.973,95%CI:1.304~2.990),流感相关知识合格者流感正向态度持有水平高于知识不合格者(OR=3.580,95%CI:2.376~5.372);流行性感冒正向行为形成率为66.84%,未发现行为相关的影响因素。结论 北京市男男性行为人群具有较高的流行性感冒相关知识水平,但正向态度持有和正向行为形成水平不高。应将50岁以下、文化程度较低、HIV感染者、近3年无疫苗接种史的男男性行为人群作为流行性感冒健康教育的重点对象。

我国男子跳马单项决赛动作特征分析--以2022年全国体操锦标赛为例

文章运用文献资料、录像观察、数理统计等方法,以2022年全国体操锦标赛男子跳马单项决赛动作选择为切入点。按照上板、第一腾空、第二腾空、落地的顺序进行对比分析,研究国内优秀跳马运动员动作选择倾向以及动作特征,找出特长与优势,为运动员日常训练提供理论指导从而将运动训练过程置于科学控制状态之下,提高训练的科学性。研究得出:通过预赛的层层选拔,进入跳马单项决赛的8名选手在一定程度上代表了国内跳马的最高水平,随着国内跳马项目迅速发展,运动员动作难度价值整体上升了一个水平,但完成质量有待提高;跳马单项决赛中5.4是基本难度水平;动作选择依旧集中在手翻类动作,踺子上板类动作较少;单一轴转体的动作是运动员动作选择的主流;动作完成质量以及落地稳定性是世界大赛中夺金的有力保障。以上结论有利于了解当前国内跳马现状;为运动员提出了未来训练的发展方向和要求;为备战巴黎奥运会,在世界大赛上冲击奖牌具有重要意义。

绵阳市男男性行为者对HIV暴露前预防的使用意愿及影响因素

目的 了解绵阳市男男性行为者(MSM)对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)暴露前预防(PrEP)的使用意愿,分析影响因素。方法 2022年1—12月,用滚雪球抽样法进行MSM的PrEP使用意愿等问卷调查,使用χ2检验和logistics回归模型分析PrEP使用意愿的影响因素。结果 有效问卷共981份,如药品不免费和免费MSM的PrEP使用意愿分别为19.6%(192人)和48.1%(472人)。期望获得PrEP服务的途径为医院为23.3%(229人)、疾控中心和社会组织均为43.4%(426人)、诊所为95.3%(935人)。PrEP药品不免费时,职业为学生(OR=2.660,95%CI:3.676~5.128)、月收入>5 000元(OR=2.471,95%CI:1.308~4.666),PrEP知晓(OR=6.804,95%CI:4.314~10.730),社区朋友对PrEP使用持支持态度(OR=2.323,95%CI:1.503~3.591)者PrEP的使用意愿较高,艾滋病知识全正确(OR=0.417,95%CI:0.237~0.733)、害怕感染HIV(OR=0.423,95%CI:0.258~0.895)、有预防HIV感染的能力(OR=0.426,95%CI:0.252~0.722)、性角色被插入方(OR=0.566,95%CI:0.347~0.924)和均可(OR=0.504,95%CI:0.309~0.821)者PrEP的使用意愿较低。结论 绵阳市MSM PrEP使用意愿较低,其使用意愿受多种因素影响,经济状况和社区支持不佳、对HIV感染的恐惧心理和预防感染能力的盲目自信或制约其PrEP的使用意愿,要针对性开展PrEP宣传促进。

福州市男男性行为人群HIV暴露前预防需求的影响因素分析

目的通过了解男男性行为(menwhohavesexwithmen,MSM)人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)暴露前预防(pre-exposure prophylaxis,PrEP)需求及其影响因素,为开展PrEP服务提供相关依据。方法于2022年4—6月通过简单随机抽样的方法,由社会组织在浴池、酒吧、网络招募自愿参与调查的MSM者,对调查对象进行问卷调查,分析福州市MSM人群艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)PrEP的需求情况及其影响因素。结果福州市MSM人群对于PrEP需求度为73.34%。学历越高的MSM者HIV PrEP需求越高、未婚/离异/丧偶的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于已婚/同居的、每次发生MSM都使用安全套的HIV PrEP需求高于有时使用和从未使用的、同性恋的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于其他、最近一个男性性伴的AIDS检测结果为阴性HIV PrEP需求高于阳性或不清楚感染状况、未使用新型毒品的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于有使用过新型毒品的、最近1年有进行HIV检测的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于未检测过的(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,新型毒品的使用与被调查人的学历是福州市MSM人群PrEP需求的主要影响因素。结论加大PrEP预防效果宣传,针对学历低、已婚、无检测意识、使用过新型毒品的MSM人群开展专项教育,提高MSM人群对PrEP使用信心,充分认识PrEP对预防AIDS感染效果及其副作用。