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An efficient method for constructing a random insertional mutant library for forward genetics in Nannochloropsis oceanica
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作者 Zhongyi ZHANG Hang LIU +5 位作者 Xiaohui PAN Yanan ZONG Leili FENG Lixian LIU Li GUO Guanpin YANG 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期216-225,共10页
Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-st... Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species. 展开更多
关键词 Nannochloropsis oceanica genetic transformation random insertional mutant library zeocin pretreatment forward genetics
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Interaction between diet and genetics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
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作者 Daniéla Oliveira Magro Ligia Yukie Sassaki Júlio Maria Fonseca Chebli 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第12期1644-1650,共7页
In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease... In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease”.The authors emphasized the role of diet,especially the interaction with genetics,in promoting the inflam-matory process in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,focusing on DNA methylation,histone modifications,and the influence of microRNAs.In this editorial,we explore the interaction between genetics,gut microbiota,and diet,in an only way.Furthermore,we provided dietary recommendations for patients with IBD.The Western diet,characterized by a low fiber content and deficiency the micronutrients,impacts short-chain fatty acids production and may be related to the pathogenesis of IBD.On the other hand,the consumption of the Mediter-ranean diet and dietary fibers are associated with reduced risk of IBD flares,particularly in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients.According to the dietary guidance from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IOIBD),the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the consumption of saturated,trans,dairy fat,additives,processed foods rich in maltodextrins,and artificial sweeteners containing sucralose or saccharine is recommended to CD patients.For patients with ulcerative colitis,the IOIBD recommends the increased intake of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids and follows the same restrictive recommendations aimed at CD patients,with the possible inclusion of red meats.In conclusion,IBD is a complex and hetero-geneous disease,and future studies are needed to elucidate the influence of epigenetics on diet and microbiota in IBD patients. 展开更多
关键词 DIET genetics MICRORNAS Gastrointestinal microbiome Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease
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A Theory of Bio-Quantum Genetics
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作者 Jianzhong Zhao 《Journal of Quantum Information Science》 CAS 2024年第1期15-27,共13页
The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics... The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics is suggested. I propose and define the soft-genes of genetics controlling the processes of heredity or inheritance of genes. This research deals with the quantum mechanisms of Mendel plant heredity and family inheritance as examples of bio-quantum genetics, deepening our understanding of heredity or inheritance. I believe that more contributions will be made to promote researches of bio-quantum genetics or quantum biology at large. 展开更多
关键词 Bio-Quantum genetics Quantum Mechanics GENES Soft Genes Quantum Mechanism of Mendel Plant Heredity Quantum Mechanism of Family Inheritance
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The Practice and Exploration of Applying EBM to Bilingual Teaching of Medical Genetics at OSBCM
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作者 Rong Liu Huaming Zuo 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2024年第4期983-990,共8页
In the process of teaching medical genetics of undergraduate clinical medicine, the practice and exploration of applying EBM to the bilingual teaching of OSBCM medical genetics are carried out. Using CBL and PBL as th... In the process of teaching medical genetics of undergraduate clinical medicine, the practice and exploration of applying EBM to the bilingual teaching of OSBCM medical genetics are carried out. Using CBL and PBL as the carrier can make up for the shortcomings of a single teaching mode, synthesize the advantages of multiple teaching modes. It starts from integrating the basic theoretical knowledge of medicine and clinical practice knowledge, improving students’ bilingual level of medical genetics, cultivating students’ literature retrieval ability, and promoting early clinical, multi-clinical and repeated clinical consciousness for medical students. Therefore, it is more conducive to cultivate students’ ability to learn independently, accurately analyze and solve problems, improve medical students’ clinical thinking ability and scientific research awareness, improve medical students’ ability of international communication, and lay a solid foundation for improving medical students’ future post competence, innovative spirit and lifelong learning ability. 展开更多
关键词 Medical genetics Evidence Based Medicine Organ-System-Based Curriculum Model Problem Based Learning Case-Based Learning
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Population genetics of marmosets in Asian primate research centers and loci associated with epileptic risk revealed by whole-genome sequencing 被引量:1
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作者 Xiangyu Yang Yafei Mao +11 位作者 Xuan-Kai Wang Dong-Ni Ma Zhen Xu Neng Gong Barbara Henning Xu Zhang Guang He Yong-Yong Shi Evan EEichler Zhi-Qiang Li Eiki Takahashi Wei-Dong Li 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第5期837-847,共11页
The common marmoset(Callithrix jacchus)has emerged as a valuable nonhuman primate model in biomedical research with the recent release of high-quality reference genome assemblies.Epileptic marmosets have been independ... The common marmoset(Callithrix jacchus)has emerged as a valuable nonhuman primate model in biomedical research with the recent release of high-quality reference genome assemblies.Epileptic marmosets have been independently reported in two Asian primate research centers.Nevertheless,the population genetics within these primate centers and the specific genetic variants associated with epilepsy in marmosets have not yet been elucidated.Here,we characterized the genetic relationships and risk variants for epilepsy in 41 samples from two epileptic marmoset pedigrees using whole-genome sequencing.We identified 14558184 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from the 41 samples and found higher chimerism levels in blood samples than in fingernail samples.Genetic analysis showed fourth-degree of relatedness among marmosets at the primate centers.In addition,SNP and copy number variation(CNV)analyses suggested that the WW domain-containing oxidoreductase(WWOX)and Tyrosine-protein phosphatase nonreceptor type 21(PTPN21)genes may be associated with epilepsy in marmosets.Notably,KCTD18-like gene deletion was more common in epileptic marmosets than control marmosets.This study provides valuable population genomic resources for marmosets in two Asian primate centers.Genetic analyses identified a reasonable breeding strategy for genetic diversity maintenance in the two centers,while the case-control study revealed potential risk genes/variants associated with epilepsy in marmosets. 展开更多
关键词 Common marmoset(Callithrix jacchus) Population genetics Whole-genome sequencing Genetic chimerism Epilepsy Risk locus
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Molecular phylogenetics and population demographic history of Amphioctopus fangsiao,inferred from mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers
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作者 Jian Zheng Yan Tang +2 位作者 Ran Xu Xiaoying Zhang Xiaodong Zheng 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第6期39-48,共10页
Amphioctopus fangsiao(Cephalopoda:Octopodidae)is an important commercial species in the coastal waters of China.In recent years,however,the resource of A.fangsiao have declined because of habitat destruction and overf... Amphioctopus fangsiao(Cephalopoda:Octopodidae)is an important commercial species in the coastal waters of China.In recent years,however,the resource of A.fangsiao have declined because of habitat destruction and overfishing.To analyze the genetic variations of A.fangsiao caused by the fluctuation of resources,the population genetic structure of nine sampling locations collected from the Bohai Sea to the South China Sea were investigated,using mtDNA COI fragments and microsatellite DNA.The results of F-statistics,AMOVA,STRUCTURE and PCA analyses showed three phylogeographic clades(Clades A,B and C),revealing limited genetic exchange between north and south populations.These clades diverged in 2.23(Clades A and B)and 3.67(Clades A,B and C)million years ago,during the dramatic environmental fluctuations,such as sea level and temperature changes,have exerted great influence on the survival distribution pattern of global organisms.Our results for low genetic connectivity among A.fangsiao populations provide insights into the development of management strategies,that is,to manage this species as separate management unit. 展开更多
关键词 genetic diversity population genetic structure Amphioctopus fangsiao mitochondrial DNA microsatellite DNA
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Towards system genetics analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using the mouse model,cellular platform,and clinical human data
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作者 Osayd Zohud Iqbal M.Lone +1 位作者 Aysar Nashef Fuad A.Iraqi 《Animal Models and Experimental Medicine》 CAS CSCD 2023年第6期537-558,共22页
Head and neck squamous cell cancer(HNSCC)is a leading global malignancy.Every year,More than 830000 people are diagnosed with HNSCC globally,with more than 430000 fatalities.HNSCC is a deadly diverse malignancy with m... Head and neck squamous cell cancer(HNSCC)is a leading global malignancy.Every year,More than 830000 people are diagnosed with HNSCC globally,with more than 430000 fatalities.HNSCC is a deadly diverse malignancy with many tumor locations and biological characteristics.It originates from the squamous epithelium of the oral cavity,oropharynx,nasopharynx,larynx,and hypopharynx.The most frequently impacted regions are the tongue and larynx.Previous investigations have demonstrated the critical role of host genetic susceptibility in the progression of HNSCC.Despite the advances in our knowledge,the improved survival rate of HNSCC patients over the last 40 years has been limited.Failure to identify the molecular origins of development of HNSCC and the genetic basis of the disease and its biological heterogeneity impedes the development of new therapeutic methods.These results indicate a need to identify more genetic factors underlying this complex disease,which can be better used in early detection and prevention strategies.The lack of reliable animal models to investigate the underlying molecular processes is one of the most significant barriers to understanding HNSCC tumors.In this report,we explore and discuss potential research prospects utilizing the Collaborative Cross mouse model and crossing it to mice carrying single or double knockout genes(e.g.Smad 4 and P53 genes)to identify genetic factors affecting the development of this complex disease using genome-wide association studies,epigenetics,micro RNA,long noncoding RNA,lnc RNA,histone modifications,methylation,phosphorylation,and proteomics. 展开更多
关键词 animal models Collaborative Cross mice GENOMICS head and neck squamous cell cancinoma host genetic susceptibility
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Genetics Based Compact Fuzzy System for Visual Sensor Network
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作者 Usama Abdur Rahman C.Jayakumar +1 位作者 Deepak Dahiya C.R.Rene Robin 《Computer Systems Science & Engineering》 SCIE EI 2023年第4期409-426,共18页
As a component of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN),Visual-WSN(VWSN)utilizes cameras to obtain relevant data including visual recordings and static images.Data from the camera is sent to energy efficient sink to extract ke... As a component of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN),Visual-WSN(VWSN)utilizes cameras to obtain relevant data including visual recordings and static images.Data from the camera is sent to energy efficient sink to extract key-information out of it.VWSN applications range from health care monitoring to military surveillance.In a network with VWSN,there are multiple challenges to move high volume data from a source location to a target and the key challenges include energy,memory and I/O resources.In this case,Mobile Sinks(MS)can be employed for data collection which not only collects information from particular chosen nodes called Cluster Head(CH),it also collects data from nearby nodes as well.The innovation of our work is to intelligently decide on a particular node as CH whose selection criteria would directly have an impact on QoS parameters of the system.However,making an appropriate choice during CH selection is a daunting task as the dynamic and mobile nature of MSs has to be taken into account.We propose Genetic Machine Learning based Fuzzy system for clustering which has the potential to simulate human cognitive behavior to observe,learn and understand things from manual perspective.Proposed architecture is designed based on Mamdani’s fuzzy model.Following parameters are derived based on the model residual energy,node centrality,distance between the sink and current position,node centrality,node density,node history,and mobility of sink as input variables for decision making in CH selection.The inputs received have a direct impact on the Fuzzy logic rules mechanism which in turn affects the accuracy of VWSN.The proposed work creates a mechanism to learn the fuzzy rules using Genetic Algorithm(GA)and to optimize the fuzzy rules base in order to eliminate irrelevant and repetitive rules.Genetic algorithmbased machine learning optimizes the interpretability aspect of fuzzy system.Simulation results are obtained using MATLAB.The result shows that the classification accuracy increase along with minimizing fuzzy rules count and thus it can be inferred that the suggested methodology has a better protracted lifetime in contrast with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH)and LEACHExpected Residual Energy(LEACH-ERE). 展开更多
关键词 Visual sensor network fuzzy system genetic based machine learning mobile sink efficient energy life of network
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西北地区草地贪夜蛾种群遗传多样性分析及治理策略 被引量:1
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作者 张大为 陈靖 +3 位作者 魏玉红 惠娜娜 郭致杰 罗进仓 《西北农业学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期312-320,共9页
旨在明确甘肃省草地贪夜蛾的入侵来源,并制定科学有效的防控对策。基于mtCOI基因分子标记分析中国草地贪夜蛾不同生态区8个省12个地理种群276个样品的遗传多样性指数、遗传分化系数及基因流等。结果表明,甘肃省草地贪夜蛾种群的单倍型... 旨在明确甘肃省草地贪夜蛾的入侵来源,并制定科学有效的防控对策。基于mtCOI基因分子标记分析中国草地贪夜蛾不同生态区8个省12个地理种群276个样品的遗传多样性指数、遗传分化系数及基因流等。结果表明,甘肃省草地贪夜蛾种群的单倍型多样性指数和平均核苷酸差异数分别为0.133~0.157与0.133~0.317,均低于中国周年繁殖区广东、广西、云南种群的0.157~0.819与1.033~7.705;所有种群的Tajima’s D中性检验和Fu’s F检验结果均为负值,表明草地贪夜蛾入侵中国后经历了明显的种群扩张事件。四川种群与其他种群遗传分化显著,62个种群间存在中等程度以上的基因交流。陕西略阳、陕西宁强、甘肃徽县、甘肃成县种群的有效迁入个体数和有效迁出个体数之和分别为11 860.66、11 708.65、10 878.66和10 379.32,在中国草地贪夜蛾的基因交流过程中具有中继站的作用,表明陕南汉水谷地为中国草地贪夜蛾西线北迁入侵西北的主要通道。 展开更多
关键词 mtCOI基因 草地贪夜蛾 遗传多样性 遗传分化 基因流
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燕麦F_(1)代杂种优势及F_(2)代遗传变异分析 被引量:1
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作者 慕平 柴继宽 +2 位作者 苏玮娟 章海龙 赵桂琴 《中国草地学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期57-65,共9页
为了探讨燕麦正、反交杂种后代的杂种优势及遗传变异,本研究以引进品种爱沃和国产品种陇燕5号为亲本配制正、反交组合,对其F_(1)和F_(2)代的性状进行了观测,分析了其表型差异及杂种优势,探讨了F_(2)群体的遗传变异情况。结果表明,正、... 为了探讨燕麦正、反交杂种后代的杂种优势及遗传变异,本研究以引进品种爱沃和国产品种陇燕5号为亲本配制正、反交组合,对其F_(1)和F_(2)代的性状进行了观测,分析了其表型差异及杂种优势,探讨了F_(2)群体的遗传变异情况。结果表明,正、反交对F_(1)代的表型和杂种优势有显著影响,正交(爱沃(♀)×陇燕5号(♂),AL5)F_(1)代比反交(陇燕5号(♀)×爱沃(♂),L5A)早熟6 d,其株高、主穗粒数、千粒重和穗下节长显著大于反交,而旗叶长宽、倒二叶长均显著小于反交(P<0.05);正、反交F_(1)主穗长的超亲优势最大,分别为41.33%和31.92%,茎粗的超亲优势分别为−45.53%和−36.92%。F_(2)群体遗传变异幅度较大,分离现象明显。分蘖数和有效分蘖数的遗传变异系数和相对遗传进度最大,株高和茎粗的广义遗传率最高。叶片数和主穗粒数在正交和反交F_(2)中的遗传变异系数较为接近,但广义遗传率和相对遗传进度差异却很大。在F_(1)代超亲优势显著的茎粗和主穗长在F_(2)呈近似正态分布,正交F_(2)群体中有6.50%的个体主穗长的超亲优势大于30.00%,而反交主穗长的最大超亲优势为23.30%。总体而言,分蘖数、有效分蘖数具有较大的选择空间,株高、茎粗、主穗长等性状可在早代进行选择♂。 展开更多
关键词 燕麦 杂种优势 遗传变异
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梨杂交F_(1)果实性状遗传倾向分析 被引量:1
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作者 卢明艳 王强 +3 位作者 闫兴凯 武春昊 赵滢 张茂君 《植物遗传资源学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期294-302,共9页
以延边大香水为母本,红香酥、早酥、红茄、晋酥、晋密、鄂梨1号和云红1号为父本的7个梨杂交组合F_(1)为试材,对果实性状进行连续3年调查,总结分析果实性状遗传倾向,以期为梨遗传育种提供参考依据。结果表明:杂种F_(1)单果重、果实横径... 以延边大香水为母本,红香酥、早酥、红茄、晋酥、晋密、鄂梨1号和云红1号为父本的7个梨杂交组合F_(1)为试材,对果实性状进行连续3年调查,总结分析果实性状遗传倾向,以期为梨遗传育种提供参考依据。结果表明:杂种F_(1)单果重、果实横径、果实纵径、果柄长度、果柄粗度、果形指数及可溶性固形物等7个性状都有趋中遗传倾向。其中,单果重产生退化,向小果遗传趋势强;可溶性固形物和果形指数变异系数较小,遗传传递力较高;果柄粗度呈趋中偏低遗传,果柄长度、果实横径、果实纵径呈趋中偏高遗传。对不同组合果实性状遗传倾向研究认为果实底色、萼片类型、萼洼深度、质地、汁液、风味等性状受母本影响较大,为母性遗传;萼洼广度有趋中遗传倾向;果实香气受父本影响较大;果实面色可隔代遗传。以上研究结果为梨果实性状遗传规律研究及杂交育种亲本的选择选配提供参考价值。 展开更多
关键词 杂交F_(1) 果实性状 遗传倾向
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数学教学视域下理解与应用皮亚杰建构主义理论 被引量:1
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作者 张涛 代钦 李春兰 《数学教育学报》 北大核心 2024年第3期96-102,共7页
建构主义是皮亚杰发生认识论的核心,同时也是现代建构主义教学的主要理论基础,对建构主义教学思想的发展和国际教育改革均产生了重要影响.其理论从心理学的角度阐述了有变化的“重复”能够促进认知的发展,能够有效地促进学生的数学学习... 建构主义是皮亚杰发生认识论的核心,同时也是现代建构主义教学的主要理论基础,对建构主义教学思想的发展和国际教育改革均产生了重要影响.其理论从心理学的角度阐述了有变化的“重复”能够促进认知的发展,能够有效地促进学生的数学学习.在阐述平衡机制、反省抽象等相关内容的基础上,研究得出反省抽象范畴之间的关系框架图、在数学教学中的应用路径,以及皮亚杰建构主义理论对当下数学教学的启示:数学教学应关注过程教育、数学教学过程中应把经验抽象与反省抽象有机结合、数学抽象思维教学应遵循思维发展的阶段性、数学教学应重视学生批判性思维能力的培养. 展开更多
关键词 皮亚杰 建构主义 发生认识论 反省抽象 数学教学
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氦气资源形成地质条件、成因机理与富集规律 被引量:5
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作者 陶士振 杨怡青 +12 位作者 陈悦 刘祥柏 杨威 李剑 吴义平 陶小晚 高建荣 陈燕燕 王晓波 吴晓智 陈秀艳 李谦 贾进华 《石油勘探与开发》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期436-452,共17页
借鉴含油气系统思路及方法,基于典型富氦气田解剖,并利用地球化学成藏方法技术,研究天然气中氦气资源形成的地质条件、成因机理与富集规律。结果表明:①氦气“生-运-聚”机理与天然气有显著差异性,氦气主要为基底富U、Th元素缓慢α衰变... 借鉴含油气系统思路及方法,基于典型富氦气田解剖,并利用地球化学成藏方法技术,研究天然气中氦气资源形成的地质条件、成因机理与富集规律。结果表明:①氦气“生-运-聚”机理与天然气有显著差异性,氦气主要为基底富U、Th元素缓慢α衰变或深部壳幔氦释放,沿岩石圈复合输导体系运移至天然气成藏系统,依附适宜载体气聚集成藏。②氦运移输导主要受“岩石圈断裂、基底断裂、沉积层断裂、有效输导层”复合输导体系控制,基于地下流体中“氦-气-水”相平衡及相-势耦合综合分析,提出氦气运聚过程中具有“水溶相、气溶相、游离相”3种主要赋存状态,存在氦气“集流、渗流、扩散”3种运移方式。③富氦气藏形成和氦气富集通常受控于“优质氦源、高效输导、适宜载体”3大主控要素,具有“脱溶汇聚、浮力驱动、压差驱替”3种聚集成藏动力类型,已发现富氦气藏具有相对“近氦源、邻断裂、低势区、高部位”的分布规律和成藏模式。④氦气富集区勘探和评价需要依托天然气兼探/并探,在评价落实氦气“源-运-聚”要素与天然气“生-储-盖”条件耦合匹配性、局部相对低势高部位有利圈闭载体气区的基础上,综合评价优选“通源连圈、低势高位、气氦适配”的有利氦气富集区。 展开更多
关键词 氦气 富氦气田 地质特征 形成条件 成因机理 富集规律
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2型猪链球菌天津分离株的鉴定及其遗传特征分析 被引量:1
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作者 董志民 李秀丽 +10 位作者 杨春蕾 杨丽景 田向学 王利丽 池晶晶 张莉 孟乐 张万江 祝瑶 张东超 鄢明华 《中国预防兽医学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期468-475,共8页
为了解天津市某猪场引起育肥猪神经症状的病原及其特性和遗传特征,本研究采集8份患病猪脑组织样品经细菌分离、形态学观察、gdh基因和cps2J基因的PCR扩增及序列分析,确定8份样品中的分离株均为同一2型猪链球菌(SS2),命名为TJS75。测定... 为了解天津市某猪场引起育肥猪神经症状的病原及其特性和遗传特征,本研究采集8份患病猪脑组织样品经细菌分离、形态学观察、gdh基因和cps2J基因的PCR扩增及序列分析,确定8份样品中的分离株均为同一2型猪链球菌(SS2),命名为TJS75。测定其生长曲线、并按照文献方法进行溶血性试验、黏附/侵入试验和对小鼠的致病性试验,分析该SS2分离株特性。结果显示,TJS75菌株经TSB培养6 h~15 h可达对数生长期,对绵羊血红细胞(RBC)具有崩解效果,可黏附并侵入PK-15细胞(黏附率和侵袭率分别为5.16%和7.90%),且感染TJS75株的BALB/c小鼠出现不同程度的行动迟缓、呼吸急促、精神萎靡和神经症状等,经测定其LD50为2.15×107cfu/mL。进一步采用高通量测序,并预测其毒力基因,分析该菌株的遗传特征,结果显示,TJS75菌株基因组全长2368195 bp,GC含量40.88%,含有2299个编码基因,其中有1822、1830和1077个基因分别注释于GO、COG和KEGG数据库,携带的16S r RNA基因序列与国内分离的SS强毒株98HAH33和05ZYH33的亲缘性较近,毒力基因的预测结果显示该菌株携带499种毒力相关基因(编码173种毒力相关因子),依据功能分类,这些毒力基因参与SS2的黏附和侵袭、溶血、促进铁转运、自溶酶的合成、降解胶原酶、唾液酸的合成等。本研究首次分离到携带MRP毒力因子的ST25型SS2,为深入开展SS2 TJS75株的致病机制研究提供了科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 猪链球菌2型 分离鉴定 致病力 遗传特征
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基于遗传护理实践标准的肿瘤遗传护士培训体系构建
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作者 蒋超南 周彩霞 +3 位作者 马子燕 丁培荣 黄中英 吴晓丹 《护理管理杂志》 CSCD 2024年第5期423-429,共7页
目的基于国内对遗传护理实践发展的需求,构建基于遗传护理实践标准的科学、实用的肿瘤遗传护士培训体系,为我国肿瘤遗传护理专科人才的培养提供有效依据。方法以国际遗传学护士协会及美国护士协会等发布的遗传及基因组学护理实践标准为... 目的基于国内对遗传护理实践发展的需求,构建基于遗传护理实践标准的科学、实用的肿瘤遗传护士培训体系,为我国肿瘤遗传护理专科人才的培养提供有效依据。方法以国际遗传学护士协会及美国护士协会等发布的遗传及基因组学护理实践标准为基础,通过文献查阅、专家访谈,初步拟订肿瘤遗传护士培训方案体系,采用Delphi专家咨询法及层次分析法,确立肿瘤遗传护士培训体系。结果共纳入全国17个省市及美国的38名咨询专家,两轮函询问卷有效回收率为92.86%和97.44%,专家权威系数为0.788和0.856,两轮函询各级指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.119~0.161和0.106~0.136(P<0.001)。最终构建的肿瘤遗传护士培训体系共包括4个一级指标、23个二级指标、129个三级指标。结论构建的肿瘤遗传护士培训体系可靠、专业、全面,构建过程科学合理,可为我国培养肿瘤遗传护士提供借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 肿瘤遗传护士 遗传护理 基因组学护理实践 培训
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塔里木盆地北部奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩断溶体油藏成因类型及特征再认识 被引量:1
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作者 杨德彬 鲁新便 +4 位作者 鲍典 曹飞 汪彦 王明 谢润成 《石油与天然气地质》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期357-366,共10页
前人提出的“断溶体”油藏概念,现已成为海相碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探开发的新目标、新类型。但断溶体油藏与传统的风化壳型喀斯特油藏有显著差别,断溶体储集体类型、结构特点也存在差异。研究断溶体溶蚀作用和构造破裂作用的差异性,将断溶... 前人提出的“断溶体”油藏概念,现已成为海相碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探开发的新目标、新类型。但断溶体油藏与传统的风化壳型喀斯特油藏有显著差别,断溶体储集体类型、结构特点也存在差异。研究断溶体溶蚀作用和构造破裂作用的差异性,将断溶体划分为过溶蚀残留型、破碎+强溶蚀型和强破碎+弱溶蚀型3种类型。研究表明不同成因类型的断溶体油藏,其溶蚀程度、缝洞规模、累产油量、地层能量和缝洞间连通性差异明显。过溶蚀残留型油藏的分布受风化壳不整合面及断裂带的纵向溶蚀作用控制。破碎+强溶蚀型及强破碎+弱溶蚀型油藏的形成和分布与不整合面的发育和构造位置关系不大,主要受溶蚀断裂带“破碎+溶蚀程度”控制,在溶蚀断裂带核部发育规模较大的洞穴,向两侧逐步发育裂缝-孔洞型、裂缝型储层。 展开更多
关键词 成因类型 碳酸盐岩 断溶体油藏 奥陶系 塔里木盆地
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闽楠群体遗传结构分析与核心种质库构建 被引量:1
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作者 张俊红 王洋 +5 位作者 周生财 吴小林 吴仁超 杨琪 张毓婷 童再康 《林业科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期68-79,共12页
【目的】基于SSR分子标记技术研究珍稀濒危保护树种闽楠群体的遗传结构,构建核心种质资源库,为种质资源的科学管理、有效保护和高效利用提供理论依据。【方法】利用33对多态性SSR引物,分析来自福建、江西、湖南、浙江、广西5省(区)27个... 【目的】基于SSR分子标记技术研究珍稀濒危保护树种闽楠群体的遗传结构,构建核心种质资源库,为种质资源的科学管理、有效保护和高效利用提供理论依据。【方法】利用33对多态性SSR引物,分析来自福建、江西、湖南、浙江、广西5省(区)27个种源地218个闽楠家系425份种质资源群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构。应用DateTrans1.0联合Popgene32软件计算观测等位基因数(N_(a))、有效等位基因数(N_(e))、观测杂合度(H_(o))、期望杂合度(H_(e))、Shannon信息指数(I)和Nei’s基因多样性指数(H);运用STRUCTURE 2.3.4软件对9个闽楠群体进行遗传类群划分。采用最小距离逐步取样法构建核心种质库,通过对相关遗传参数的t检验验证核心种质库的有效性。【结果】依据种质来源地的地理分布,218个家系可分成9个群体;种质资源群体的平均有效等位基因数(N_(e))、观测杂合度(H_(o))、期望杂合度(H_(e))均值、Shannon信息指数(I)分别为2.159、0.224、0.477和0.841,表明闽楠种质资源群体具较高遗传多样性;群体遗传结构分析表明,9个群体可划分为3个亚群;425份原始种质经最小距离逐步聚类取样得到85份核心种质和340份保留种质,核心种质占原始种质的20%,其N_(a)、N_(e)、H_(o)、H_(e)、I和H保留率分别为92.318%、103.803%、116.652%、105.052%、103.341%和104.664%。t检验表明核心种质和原始种质的遗传多样性参数无显著差异,能充分代表原始种质的遗传多样性。【结论】构建的核心种质库在保留原始种质库遗传多样性的基础上,去除遗传冗余,有利于闽楠种质资源的有效保护和科学利用,为进一步育种工作奠定基础。 展开更多
关键词 闽楠 群体结构 SSR分子标记 遗传多样性 核心种质库
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基于改进实数编码遗传算法的神经网络超参数优化 被引量:2
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作者 佘维 李阳 +2 位作者 钟李红 孔德锋 田钊 《计算机应用》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期671-676,共6页
针对神经网络超参数优化效果差、容易陷入次优解和优化效率低的问题,提出一种基于改进实数编码遗传算法(IRCGA)的深度神经网络超参数优化算法——IRCGA-DNN(IRCGA for Deep Neural Network)。首先,采用实数编码方式表示超参数的取值,使... 针对神经网络超参数优化效果差、容易陷入次优解和优化效率低的问题,提出一种基于改进实数编码遗传算法(IRCGA)的深度神经网络超参数优化算法——IRCGA-DNN(IRCGA for Deep Neural Network)。首先,采用实数编码方式表示超参数的取值,使超参数的搜索空间更灵活;然后,引入分层比例选择算子增加解集多样性;最后,分别设计了改进的单点交叉和变异算子,以更全面地探索超参数空间,提高优化算法的效率和质量。基于两个仿真数据集,验证IRCGA-DNN的毁伤效果预测性能和收敛效率。实验结果表明,在两个数据集上,与GA-DNN(Genetic Algorithm for Deep Neural Network)相比,所提算法的收敛迭代次数分别减少了8.7%和13.6%,均方误差(MSE)相差不大;与IGA-DNN(Improved GA-DNN)相比,IRCGA-DNN的收敛迭代次数分别减少了22.2%和13.6%。实验结果表明,所提算法收敛速度和预测性能均更优,能有效处理神经网络超参数优化问题。 展开更多
关键词 实数编码 遗传算法 超参数优化 进化神经网络 机器学习
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基于YOLO v5的直播油菜激光间苗系统设计与试验 被引量:1
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作者 张昌松 李伟 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期40-52,共13页
间苗是保证直播油菜增产的一项关键技术措施,为解决人工间苗劳动强度大、机械间苗不精确的问题,采用机器视觉的方式,基于深度学习算法YOLO v5平台,设计并搭建自动间苗装置。机器视觉系统评估幼苗种群的合理密植情况,间苗算法以间距和幼... 间苗是保证直播油菜增产的一项关键技术措施,为解决人工间苗劳动强度大、机械间苗不精确的问题,采用机器视觉的方式,基于深度学习算法YOLO v5平台,设计并搭建自动间苗装置。机器视觉系统评估幼苗种群的合理密植情况,间苗算法以间距和幼苗叶展为评估标准,实现控制幼苗间距和筛选优质苗的功能。选用遗传算法对间苗行进路径进行规划,相较于未规划路径可缩短最低为50%的行进距离,最终采用激光器高温烧除的方式完成间苗作业。选取油菜苗作为试验材料,间苗阈值α是划定幼苗最小间距的参数,设置不同的间苗阈值α进行试验。结果表明,间除苗的数量随着间苗阈值α的增加而增加,幼苗平均密度下降的同时种群分布趋于均匀,对间除苗的叶展长度分类统计,α为0~75 mm时,间除苗叶展长度全部在0~20 mm范围;α为75~200 mm时,间除苗叶展长度为0~40 mm,其中叶展长度为20~40 mm的最高占比约为76%;α为200~350 mm时,间除苗叶展长度在40 mm以上的幼苗开始增加,最高占比约为14%,间除苗叶展长度梯次分布证明了间苗算法具备筛选优质苗的性能。间苗执行阶段耗时占据间苗作业总耗时的90%以上,以激光走线参数L、激光器功率P、间苗距离阈值为试验因素,三因素三水平正交试验结果表明:选择合适的激光走线参数L能有效提高间苗死亡率、降低间苗误伤率和减少间苗耗时,在参数L为30 mm、P为7.5 W、α为250 mm下开展土槽台架性能验证试验,激光间苗平均死亡率为93.29%,平均误伤率为5.19%,平均总耗时为15.19 min,为开发基于机器视觉的激光自动间苗机提供了理论基础和技术支撑。 展开更多
关键词 油菜 自动间苗 YOLO v5 激光器 遗传算法
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遗传毒理学课程思政建设的探索与实践 被引量:1
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作者 张婷 徐才懿 +4 位作者 闪越 杨乾磊 李建祥 张洁 安艳 《医学教育研究与实践》 2024年第1期74-78,共5页
课程思政是目前高校对大学生进行思想政治教育的重要方式。遗传毒理学课程中蕴含着丰富的思政元素。本研究通过构建课程思政教学“设计-实施-评价”全方位教学体系,将思想政治教育融入遗传毒理学教学全过程。立足“专业知识-素养价值-... 课程思政是目前高校对大学生进行思想政治教育的重要方式。遗传毒理学课程中蕴含着丰富的思政元素。本研究通过构建课程思政教学“设计-实施-评价”全方位教学体系,将思想政治教育融入遗传毒理学教学全过程。立足“专业知识-素养价值-实践能力-创新能力”四位一体的育人目标,开展“线上与线下融合、虚拟与现实融合、产教融合”三融合的课程思政建设,引导学生主动参与课程思政,并以同行评议和问卷调查进行效果评价,同行评议意见为优秀,问卷调查结果显示学生对“遗传毒理学”课程思政建设的总体设计表示满意。“遗传毒理学”课程思政建设是在医学专业课程中开展课程思政教育的有效探索,可为医学专业课程思政建设提供参考,以培养出更多德才兼备的高素质医学人才。 展开更多
关键词 课程思政 立德树人 遗传毒理学
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