Preparation of activated carbon from chicken waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Hg removal. A three-stage activation process （drying at 200℃, pyrolysis in N2 atmosphere, followed by CO2 activ...Preparation of activated carbon from chicken waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Hg removal. A three-stage activation process （drying at 200℃, pyrolysis in N2 atmosphere, followed by CO2 activation） was used for the production of activated samples. The effects of carbonization temperature （409-4500℃）, activation temperature （700-900℃）, and activation time （1-2.5 h） on the physicochemical properties （weight-loss and BET surface） of the prepared carbon wereinvestigated. Adsorptive removal of mercury from real flue gas onto activated carbon has been studied. The activated carbon from chicken waste has the same mercury capacity as commercial activated carbon （Darco LH） （Hg^v： 38.7% vs. 53.5%, Hg^0： 50.5% vs. 68.8%）, although its surface area is around 10 times smaller, 89.5 m^2/g vs. 862 m^2/g. The low cost activated carbon can be produced from chicken waste, and the procedure is suitable.展开更多
The adsorption capacity for vapor-phase elemental mercury(Hg0) of residual carbon separated from fly ash was studied in an attempt for the control of elemental mercury emissions from combustion processes. At low mercu...The adsorption capacity for vapor-phase elemental mercury(Hg0) of residual carbon separated from fly ash was studied in an attempt for the control of elemental mercury emissions from combustion processes. At low mercury concentrations(<200 μg/m3), unburned carbon had higher adsorption capacity than commercial activated carbon. The adsorbality of unburned carbon was also found to be source dependent. Isotherms of FS carbon(separated from fly ash of a power plant of Shishi in Fujian Province) were similar to those classified as typeⅡ. Isotherms of XJ carbon(separated from fly ash of a power plant of Jingcheng in Shanxi Province) were more like those classified as type Ⅲ. Due to the relatively low production costs, these residual carbons would likely be considerably more cost-effective for the full-scale removal of mercury from combustion flue gases than other technology.展开更多
Mercury ions have been considered highly toxic to human health. What would be great is to develop the ionic probes without any toxicities themselves. Here, we report a friendly, highly sensitive mercury(II) ionic prob...Mercury ions have been considered highly toxic to human health. What would be great is to develop the ionic probes without any toxicities themselves. Here, we report a friendly, highly sensitive mercury(II) ionic probe, watersoluble photoluminescence carbon dots which were synthesized by simply hydrothermal treatment of fresh cherry tomatoes without adding any other reagents. The ultra-small(\1 nm) carbon dots show robust excitation-depended photoluminescence under a wide p H range(4–10) or a strong ionic strength of up to 1 M, and the detection limit of mercury(II) has been determined as low as 18 n M. We envision such water-soluble, biocompatible carbon dots that could be applied to biolabeling, bio-imaging, and biosensing fields.展开更多
The present work reports the synthesis and application of sulfur doped into porous activated carbon for removing elemental mercury from natural gas using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor. A series of experiments were c...The present work reports the synthesis and application of sulfur doped into porous activated carbon for removing elemental mercury from natural gas using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the optimization of Hg0 capture. Furthermore, our experimental results about optimum conditions to remove Hg0 were 1:10 of sulfur to activated carbon impregnation ratio, 350°C of impregnation temperature, and 3 hours of impregnation time. This research showed that the prepared adsorbents were capable to remove remarkable amount of Hg0 (23.615 mg/g) at high adsorption efficiency. This study may serve as reference on natural gas power plants for the removal of Hg0 using the same conditions.展开更多
A new modified palm shell activated carbon paste electrode based on 1,13-Bis(8-quinolyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxat-ride-cane ,8,8-(1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxatridecylene)-diquinoline (Kryptofix?5) and plasticizing agent was prep...A new modified palm shell activated carbon paste electrode based on 1,13-Bis(8-quinolyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxat-ride-cane ,8,8-(1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxatridecylene)-diquinoline (Kryptofix?5) and plasticizing agent was prepared and studied as Hg2+ selective electrode. The best performance was observed with the electrode composition having the iono-phore-palm shell activated carbon-plasticizer composition 10%:50%:40% with Nernstian response over the concentration range of 1.0 × 10–8 - 1.0 × 10–2 M with a slope of 42 ± 1.5 mV per decade of concentration. The detection limit as determined from the calibration plot is 1.0 × 10–7 M. The proposed electrode shows good selectivity for Hg(II) with interfering ions. The response time of the electrode is fast (≤10 s), and can be used in the pH range of 3 - 11. The electrode was used to determine mercury in drinking water.展开更多
Biomass-derived carbon dots(C-dots)are considered a very important carbon material in metal ion detection of their small environmental impact,simple preparation process,and relatively low cost.A green approach for syn...Biomass-derived carbon dots(C-dots)are considered a very important carbon material in metal ion detection of their small environmental impact,simple preparation process,and relatively low cost.A green approach for synthesizing biomass-derived C-dots from Chenpi using a hydrothermal method without further processing is proposed in the present study.The as-synthesized C-dots show excellent fluorescence properties,superior resistance to UV irradiation photobleaching,and high photostability in salt-containing solutions.The C-dots were used in the form of label-free fluorescent probes for sensitively detecting Hg^(2+)selectively.The outcome relationship behaved linearly and was established based on a given range between 10–300 nM concentration,with a detection limit of 7.0 nM.This green strategy obtains a high C-dot quantum yield of 10.8%and satisfactory results in detecting Hg^(2+)in actual water samples.展开更多
The presence of Hg in the aqueous media is known to cause severe health issues in both humans and animals.Many technologies and especially adsorbents have been applied for its removal. In this study, a graphene oxide...The presence of Hg in the aqueous media is known to cause severe health issues in both humans and animals.Many technologies and especially adsorbents have been applied for its removal. In this study, a graphene oxide–carbon composite(GO–CC) as a new adsorbent was prepared by sol gel procedure and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, BET and EDX. The effects of different variables including solution p H, contact time, adsorbent dose and GO ratio in adsorbent matrix on the removal capacity of Hg were studied. The isotherm data correlated well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Further analysis recommended that the Hg^(2+) adsorption process is governed by the intra-particle and external mass transfer, in which the film diffusion was the rate restrictive step. The presented composite has maximum absorption capacity, q_(max) of 68.8 mg·g^(-1), which is comparable with carbon based adsorbent reported in the previous publications.展开更多
Commercial production of vinyl chloride from acetylene relies on the use of HgCla as the catalyst, which has caused severe environmental problem and threats to human health because of its toxicity. Therefore, it is vi...Commercial production of vinyl chloride from acetylene relies on the use of HgCla as the catalyst, which has caused severe environmental problem and threats to human health because of its toxicity. Therefore, it is vital to explore alternative catalysts without mercury. We report here that N-doped carbon can catalyze directly transformation of acetylene to vinyl chloride. Particularly, N-doped high surface area mesoporous carbon exhibits a rather high activity with the acetylene conversion reaching 77% and vinyl chloride selectivity above 98% at a space velocity of 1.0 mL.min-l.g-1 and 200 ~C. It delivers a stable performa℃nce within a test period of 100h and no obvious deactivation is observed, demonstrating potentials to substitute the notoriously toxic mercuric chloride catalyst.展开更多
This paper presents results that illustrate the recycling of a bamboo derived sorbent used for the capture of elemental mercury (Hg0). The bamboo derived sorbent used is essentially a HCl functionalized activated carb...This paper presents results that illustrate the recycling of a bamboo derived sorbent used for the capture of elemental mercury (Hg0). The bamboo derived sorbent used is essentially a HCl functionalized activated carbon prepared from carbonization and CO2 activation of raw bamboo, that could potentially provide an alternative way to existing methods in removing mercury from flue gases from coal-fired plants. In this study, the bamboo derived sorbents were tested in a batch test using a mercury permeation tube as the source and nitrogen as a carrier gas. The recycling or regeneration of an activated carbon is an important issue to address from a coal-fired power plant point of view, and an attempt has been made to test the behavior of bamboo derived sorbents with various treatments including carbonized, carbonized-activated, carbonized-activated-acidulated, and then a follow-up recycled run after sample treatments in gas phase. From the study, it was found that bamboo derived activated carbon can be successfully acidulated using various normalities of HCl where weak solutions can be very effective in functionalizing the surface of the sorbent and capturing mercury. In order to recycle and reuse bamboo derived sorbents, stronger normalities of HCl would be desired.展开更多
文摘Preparation of activated carbon from chicken waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Hg removal. A three-stage activation process （drying at 200℃, pyrolysis in N2 atmosphere, followed by CO2 activation） was used for the production of activated samples. The effects of carbonization temperature （409-4500℃）, activation temperature （700-900℃）, and activation time （1-2.5 h） on the physicochemical properties （weight-loss and BET surface） of the prepared carbon wereinvestigated. Adsorptive removal of mercury from real flue gas onto activated carbon has been studied. The activated carbon from chicken waste has the same mercury capacity as commercial activated carbon （Darco LH） （Hg^v： 38.7% vs. 53.5%, Hg^0： 50.5% vs. 68.8%）, although its surface area is around 10 times smaller, 89.5 m^2/g vs. 862 m^2/g. The low cost activated carbon can be produced from chicken waste, and the procedure is suitable.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50306010) and the National Basic Research Program(973) of China(No. G1999022200)
文摘The adsorption capacity for vapor-phase elemental mercury(Hg0) of residual carbon separated from fly ash was studied in an attempt for the control of elemental mercury emissions from combustion processes. At low mercury concentrations(<200 μg/m3), unburned carbon had higher adsorption capacity than commercial activated carbon. The adsorbality of unburned carbon was also found to be source dependent. Isotherms of FS carbon(separated from fly ash of a power plant of Shishi in Fujian Province) were similar to those classified as typeⅡ. Isotherms of XJ carbon(separated from fly ash of a power plant of Jingcheng in Shanxi Province) were more like those classified as type Ⅲ. Due to the relatively low production costs, these residual carbons would likely be considerably more cost-effective for the full-scale removal of mercury from combustion flue gases than other technology.
基金supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21171086 and 81160213)Inner Mongolia Grassland Talent (No. 108-108038)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China (Nos. 2013MS1121 and 2015MS0806)Inner Mongolia Department of Science and Technology (No. 211-202077)the Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Nos. 109-108040, 211-109003, and 211-206038)
文摘Mercury ions have been considered highly toxic to human health. What would be great is to develop the ionic probes without any toxicities themselves. Here, we report a friendly, highly sensitive mercury(II) ionic probe, watersoluble photoluminescence carbon dots which were synthesized by simply hydrothermal treatment of fresh cherry tomatoes without adding any other reagents. The ultra-small(\1 nm) carbon dots show robust excitation-depended photoluminescence under a wide p H range(4–10) or a strong ionic strength of up to 1 M, and the detection limit of mercury(II) has been determined as low as 18 n M. We envision such water-soluble, biocompatible carbon dots that could be applied to biolabeling, bio-imaging, and biosensing fields.
文摘The present work reports the synthesis and application of sulfur doped into porous activated carbon for removing elemental mercury from natural gas using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the optimization of Hg0 capture. Furthermore, our experimental results about optimum conditions to remove Hg0 were 1:10 of sulfur to activated carbon impregnation ratio, 350°C of impregnation temperature, and 3 hours of impregnation time. This research showed that the prepared adsorbents were capable to remove remarkable amount of Hg0 (23.615 mg/g) at high adsorption efficiency. This study may serve as reference on natural gas power plants for the removal of Hg0 using the same conditions.
基金University of Malaya,Postgraduate Research Grant(PPP).
文摘A new modified palm shell activated carbon paste electrode based on 1,13-Bis(8-quinolyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxat-ride-cane ,8,8-(1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxatridecylene)-diquinoline (Kryptofix?5) and plasticizing agent was prepared and studied as Hg2+ selective electrode. The best performance was observed with the electrode composition having the iono-phore-palm shell activated carbon-plasticizer composition 10%:50%:40% with Nernstian response over the concentration range of 1.0 × 10–8 - 1.0 × 10–2 M with a slope of 42 ± 1.5 mV per decade of concentration. The detection limit as determined from the calibration plot is 1.0 × 10–7 M. The proposed electrode shows good selectivity for Hg(II) with interfering ions. The response time of the electrode is fast (≤10 s), and can be used in the pH range of 3 - 11. The electrode was used to determine mercury in drinking water.
基金financially supported by the Development Program of Hunan Province (No.2020SK2128).
文摘Biomass-derived carbon dots(C-dots)are considered a very important carbon material in metal ion detection of their small environmental impact,simple preparation process,and relatively low cost.A green approach for synthesizing biomass-derived C-dots from Chenpi using a hydrothermal method without further processing is proposed in the present study.The as-synthesized C-dots show excellent fluorescence properties,superior resistance to UV irradiation photobleaching,and high photostability in salt-containing solutions.The C-dots were used in the form of label-free fluorescent probes for sensitively detecting Hg^(2+)selectively.The outcome relationship behaved linearly and was established based on a given range between 10–300 nM concentration,with a detection limit of 7.0 nM.This green strategy obtains a high C-dot quantum yield of 10.8%and satisfactory results in detecting Hg^(2+)in actual water samples.
文摘The presence of Hg in the aqueous media is known to cause severe health issues in both humans and animals.Many technologies and especially adsorbents have been applied for its removal. In this study, a graphene oxide–carbon composite(GO–CC) as a new adsorbent was prepared by sol gel procedure and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, BET and EDX. The effects of different variables including solution p H, contact time, adsorbent dose and GO ratio in adsorbent matrix on the removal capacity of Hg were studied. The isotherm data correlated well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Further analysis recommended that the Hg^(2+) adsorption process is governed by the intra-particle and external mass transfer, in which the film diffusion was the rate restrictive step. The presented composite has maximum absorption capacity, q_(max) of 68.8 mg·g^(-1), which is comparable with carbon based adsorbent reported in the previous publications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11079005 and 21033009)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011CBA00503 and 2012CB720302)
文摘Commercial production of vinyl chloride from acetylene relies on the use of HgCla as the catalyst, which has caused severe environmental problem and threats to human health because of its toxicity. Therefore, it is vital to explore alternative catalysts without mercury. We report here that N-doped carbon can catalyze directly transformation of acetylene to vinyl chloride. Particularly, N-doped high surface area mesoporous carbon exhibits a rather high activity with the acetylene conversion reaching 77% and vinyl chloride selectivity above 98% at a space velocity of 1.0 mL.min-l.g-1 and 200 ~C. It delivers a stable performa℃nce within a test period of 100h and no obvious deactivation is observed, demonstrating potentials to substitute the notoriously toxic mercuric chloride catalyst.
文摘This paper presents results that illustrate the recycling of a bamboo derived sorbent used for the capture of elemental mercury (Hg0). The bamboo derived sorbent used is essentially a HCl functionalized activated carbon prepared from carbonization and CO2 activation of raw bamboo, that could potentially provide an alternative way to existing methods in removing mercury from flue gases from coal-fired plants. In this study, the bamboo derived sorbents were tested in a batch test using a mercury permeation tube as the source and nitrogen as a carrier gas. The recycling or regeneration of an activated carbon is an important issue to address from a coal-fired power plant point of view, and an attempt has been made to test the behavior of bamboo derived sorbents with various treatments including carbonized, carbonized-activated, carbonized-activated-acidulated, and then a follow-up recycled run after sample treatments in gas phase. From the study, it was found that bamboo derived activated carbon can be successfully acidulated using various normalities of HCl where weak solutions can be very effective in functionalizing the surface of the sorbent and capturing mercury. In order to recycle and reuse bamboo derived sorbents, stronger normalities of HCl would be desired.
