Features of sampling stream sediments of large river valleys under cryolithogenesis conditions in the Balygychan-Sugoy trough,North-East of Russia

Comprehensive research has been implemented to raise the efficiency of the geochemical survey of stream sediments(SSs)that formed under the cryolithogenesis conditions.The authors analysed the composition,structure and specific features of the formation of exogenous anomalous geochemical fields(AGFs)identified through SSs of large river valleys of IV order.In our case,these were the valleys of Maly Ken,Ken and Tap Rivers.These rivers are located in the central and southern parts of the Balygychan-Sugoy trough enclosed in the Magadan region,North-East of Russia.The authors proposed a new technique to sample loose alluvium of SSs in the large river valleys along the profiles.The profiles were located across the valleys.The AGFs of Au,Ag,Pb,Zn,Sn,Bi,Mo and W were studied.Correlations between elements have been established.These elements are the main indicator elements of Au-Ag,Ag-Pb,Sn-Ag,Mo-W and Sn-W mineralization occurring on the sites under study.The results obtained were compared with the results of geochemical surveys of SSs.It is concluded that the AGFs recognized along the profiles reflect the composition and structure of eroded and drained ore zones,uncover completely and precisely the pattern of element distribution in loose sediments of large water flows.The alluvium fraction<0.25 mm seems to be most significant in a practical sense,as it concentrated numerous ore elements.Sampling of this fraction in the river valleys of IV order does not cause any difficulty,for this kind of material is plentiful.The developed technique of alluvium sampling within large river valleys is efficient in searching for diverse mineralization at all stages of prognostic prospecting.It is applicable for geochemical survey of SSs performed at different scales both in the North-East of Russia,as well as other regions with similar climatic conditions,where the SSs are formed under the cryolithogenesis conditions.

Assessment of sediment connectivity using modelling and field-based approaches in the Slavíč River catchment(MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts,Czech Republic)

Mountain streams act as conveyors of sediments within the river continuum,where the physical transport of sediments between river reaches through the catchment or between individual parts(e.g.,between hillslopes and channels)of the catchment is assumed.This study focused on sediment connectivity analysis in the SlavíčRiver catchment in the MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts in the eastern part of the Czech Republic.The connectivity index and connectivity index target modelling were combined with an analysis of anthropogenic interventions.Additionally,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis were used to obtain information about connectivity in the catchment.Based on the analysis and obtained results,terrain topography is the current main driving factor affecting the connectivity of sediment movement in the SlavíčRiver catchment.However,the modelling provided valuable information about high sediment connectivity despite different recent land use conditions(highly forested area of the catchment)than those in historical times from the 16th to 19th centuries when the SlavíčRiver catchment was highly deforested and sediment connectivity was probably higher.The analysis of anthropogenic interventions,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis revealed more deceleration of sediment movement through the catchment,decreased sediment connectivity with bed erosion,and gradual river channel process transformation in some reaches.Field mapping has identified various natural formations and human-induced changes impacting the longitudinal and lateral connectivity in the SlavíčRiver.For instance,embankments along 48%of the river's length,both on the right and left banks,significantly hinder lateral sediment supply to the channel.Stream power index analysis indicates increased energy levels in the flowing water in the river's upper reaches(up to 404.8 W m^(-2)).This high energy is also observed in certain downstream sections(up to 337.6 W m^(-2)),where it is influenced by human activities.These conditions lead to intensified erosion processes,playing a crucial role in sediment connectivity.Similar observations were described in recent studies that pointed out the long-term human interventions on many streams draining European mountains,where a decrease in sediment connectivity in these streams is linked with sediment deficits and the transformation of processes forming channels.

The Ecological Environment Problems and Countermeasures of Resources Development and Economy Development in Tibet "One River and Two Streams" Agricultural Ecological Basin during the New Period

The integrated development of Tibet "one river and two streams" agricultural ecological basin should control the generated environmental problems and prevent new environmental problems,thereby promoting coordinated development of agricultural economy in the region. It is very necessary and urgent to explore main environmental problems of Tibet " one river and two streams" agricultural ecological basin and effective countermeasures. When developing resources and economy,the principle of combining prevention with control,dominated by prevention and integrated control should be followed; regional advantages,characteristics and environmental self restoring ability should be sufficiently played and used; the policy of integrated prevention and utilization should be used; compensation method,prevention control measures and planning assumption for main environmental problems should be proposed,which could prevent that systemic development of Tibet " one river and two streams" agricultural ecological basin takes the old path of " firstly destroying and then controlling".

Problems in the Development of Plateau Modern Agriculture in Tibet“One River and Two Streams”Agroecological Basin and Countermeasures

Tibet Autonomous Region is located in the southwest of China. As a special area with high altitude,low temperature,abundant and diverse resources,the development of agricultural modernization has itself development attribute and feature. Agricultural development area of Tibet mainly concentrates in the " one river and two streams" basin. In this paper,combining the development of modern agriculture on the plateau,the connotation and characteristics of the development of plateau modern agriculture are illustrated from the angle of environment economics. Based on the observation method,linking theory with practice and combining literature research method,descriptive study is conducted,and the specific problems in the development of plateau modern agriculture in the agricultural basin are found. For example,the development of agriculture in Tibet has low utilization rate of resources and unbalanced distribution,agricultural mechanization shows gradient development,productivity and agricultural extension are backward,efforts to promote innovation and science knowledge are not enough,agricultural pollution expands,and the awareness of environmental protection is low. In view of the above problems,we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions: developing local advantage characteristic agriculture,developing cooperative economic organization,establishing the training promotion mode of theory combining with practice,establishing agricultural industry system of sightseeing tourism ecology. The research could provide theoretical suggestions for the future development of plateau modern agriculture.

Initial Exploration on Eco-environmental Issues in Tibet “One River and Two Streams” Agricultural Basin during New Period

Agricultural economic development of Tibet Autonomous Region mainly concentrates in the "One River and Two Streams" agricultural production basin. The basin is main concentrated place for agricultural resources development,economic construction and population aggregation,and the region playing the advantages of Tibetan agriculture,corresponding with the practice,and enhancing self development and innovation. In the multi-year development and construction,it develops regional large agriculture,builds irrigation and water conservancy facilities,vigorously changes medium and low-yield land,actively develops animal husbandry and agriculture,and gradually promotes the effective combination of traffic industry and transportation industry,which has made considerable achievements. But in the face of today's increasingly advocated theme of "building beautiful Tibet and constructing ecological home",the construction of environmental problems lacking the systemic research is the prominent and fundamental problem in the "One River and Two Streams" agricultural production basin. Meanwhile,environment construction is an important part of economic development planning,and the solving of environmental protection problem is the historical mission in the contemporary and future generations. Therefore,it is very necessary to study the environment problems in Tibet "One River and Two Streams" agricultural production basin. The "One River and Two Streams" agricultural production basin is preliminarily explored for providing reference for the relevant environmental departments.

Change trend analysis of ammonia nitrogen in Nenjiang River main stream under fluctuating precipitation

将2004-2010年嫩江流域沿途13个气象站的降水量作为径流的主要考察因子，以嫩江最下游的自沙滩水环境监测站获得的氨氮监测数据为流域总体氨氮污染水平表征，分析了降水波动对嫩江流域氨氮污染变化的影响。结果表明，嫩江流域在年度内的氨氮质量浓度以枯水期最高，平均为（0．99±0．48）mg／L，在丰水期最低，平均为（O．58±0．08）mg／L。从年际总体变化趋势来看，2004-2010年嫩江流域氨氮浓度总体呈增加趋势。降水量的年内分布格局对嫩江流域氨氮浓度的影响在不同时期略有差别。在平水期，降水量变化对氨氮浓度的影响不显著；但在枯水期、丰水期，降水量的波动对氨氮浓度有较显著（Sig．〈O．05）的影响。从年尺度上看，随降水量增加，嫩江流域中氨氮浓度总体呈下降趋势。

The Upstream ＂Strong Signals＂ of the Water Vapor Transport over the Tibetan Plateau during a Heavy Rainfall Event in the Yangtze River Basin

A heavy rainfall event that occurred over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin （YRB） during July 11-13 2000 is explored in this study. The potential/stream function is used to analyze the upstream ＂strong signals＂ of the water vapor transport in the Tibetan Plateau （TP）. The studied time period covers from 2000 LST 5 July to 2000 LST 15 July （temporal resolution： 6 hours）. By analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the water vapor flux, vorticity and divergence prior to and during the heavy rainfall event, the upstream ＂strong signals＂ related to this heavy rainfall event are revealed. A strong correlation exists between the heavy rainfall event in the YRB and the convective clouds over the TE The ＂convergence zone＂ of the water vapor transport is also identified, based on correlation analysis of the water vapor flux two days and one day prior to, and on the day of, the heavy rainfall. And this ＂convergence zone＂ coincides with the migration of the maximum rainfall over the YRB. This specific coupled structure actually plays a key role in generating heavy rainfall over the YRB. The eastward movement of the coupled system with a divergence]convergence center of the potential function at the upper/lower level resembles the spatiotemporal evolution of the heavy rainfall event over the YRB. These upstream ＂strong signals＂ are clearly traced in this study through analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the potential/stream function of upstream water vapor transport.

Unit stream power,minimum energy dissipation rate,and river engineering

Unit stream power is the most important and dominant parameter for the determination of transport rate of sand,gravel,and hyper-concentrated sediment with wash load.Minimum energy dissipation rate theory,or its simplified minimum unit stream power and minimum stream power theories,can provide engineers the needed theoretical basis for river morphology and river engineering studies.The Generalized Sediment Transport model for Alluvial River Simulation computer mode series have been developed based on the above theories.The computer model series have been successfully applied in many countries.Examples will be used to illustrate the applications of the computer models to solving a wide range of river morphology and river engineering problems.

Analysis of River Tributaries’ Streamflow Contribution Using WEAP Model: A Case of the Ngwerere and Kanakatampa Tributaries to the Chongwe River in Zambia

Ngwerere and Kanakatampa Streams are the main tributaries of the Chongwe River. The Ngwerere stream originates from the city of Lusaka and meanders through Lusaka City and Chongwe Town for an approximate distance of 41 km before joining into the upper part of Chongwe River. The Kanakatampa Stream is a tributary of the Chongwe River. It meanders from the Kanakatampa Area for approximately 52 km before discharging into the middle of the upper part of the Chongwe River. The Chongwe River Catchment which is a sub-catchment of the Zambezi Basin drew the attention of researchers and policymakers when the Chongwe River started drying up in the dry seasons causing a water crisis particularly in the downstream regions of the middle catchment. Therefore, it is important from the water resources management perspective, to assess the contribution of tributaries into the flows of the Chongwe River. Ngwerere and Kanakatampa streams are socially, economically, and environmentally important streams for the city of Lusaka and surrounding area. This study, therefore, concentrated on evaluating the flow contribution of the two streams to the Chongwe River using the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) tool. The streamflow data (1970-2010) recorded at the Chongwe Great East Road Bridge gauging station were used in the WEAP embedded Parameter ESTimation (PEST) auto-calibration tool to calibrate (1970-1999) and validate (2000-2010) the model. The monthly streamflow model calibration and validation results were assessed using the correlation coefficient (CC), Coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency (NSE), and Percent bias (PBIAS). The model performance results achieved were PBIAS of 1.24%, CC = 0.81, R2 = 0.66 and NSE = 0.62 during the calibration period and a positive PBIAS of 2.94%, CC = 0.81, R2 = 0.67 and NSE = 0.62 during the validation period. The median of the flows (Q50) was obtained from the historical flow duration curves (FDCs) generated in averaged intervals of 10-year from 1970 to 2019. The results showed that on average, the Ngwerere and Kanakatampa Streams contribute 52.8% and 29.6% respectively, to the flow of the Chongwe River in the upper and middle Catchment. The results also showed that the contribution of the Ngwerere and Kanakatampa Streams to the Chongwe River discharge has been reducing historically at a rate of 0.65% per decade and 1.35% per decade respectively over a period of 50 years (1970-2019). Suggestions for sustainable management of the tributaries such as the Ngwerere and Kanakatampa Streams were provided in this study.

混合式抽水蓄能电站群容量计算研究Ⅰ:短期调峰特征与梯级开发增益

依托常规梯级水电站修建混合式抽水蓄能电站(简称混蓄电站)成为提升电力系统调峰能力的重要途径。混蓄电站即可抽水又可发电的典型运行方式增加了水电基地的灵活性调节能力,为此亟需研究其运行方式以及与原有梯级水电站运行方式间的互馈关系。研究以黄河上游待开发龙羊峡-拉西瓦、拉西瓦-尼那混蓄电站为对象,建立含混蓄电站的梯级水电站短期联合调峰优化模型,分析混蓄电站对原有梯级水电站运行方式的影响,基于理论推导与数值计算两种方法揭示混蓄电站调峰效果的变化特征。主要结论如下:(1)混蓄电站抽水水量经由原有梯级水电站机组下泄,使得非填谷时段原有水电站出力增加,水电站上旋备容量降低;(2)龙羊峡水电站满发流量相对较小、拉西瓦水库调节库容较小以及日综合利用供水流量过大是制约混蓄电站调峰效果的主要因素,发现了综合利用流量影响混蓄电站调峰效果的临界特性,并提出了临界综合利用流量的计算公式;(3)发现并量化了混蓄电站梯级开发模式较单一开发模式所带来的梯级抽水调峰增益现象,并揭示了梯级抽水调峰增益背后所蕴含的“河流梯级反向再造”内在机理。

Integrating Downstream Ecological, Social and Economic Effects of Hydropower to Hydraulic Modeling: A Review

Hydropower gains increasing importance as a steerable and controllable power source in a renewable energy mix and deregulated markets. Although hydropower produces fossil-free energy, it has a significant impact on the local environment. This review investigates the effects of flow alterations by hydropower on the downstream river system and the possibilities to integrate these effects into hydraulic modeling. The results show that various effects of flow regulation on the ecosystem, but also social and economic effects on related communities were observed in the last decades. The application of hydraulic models for investigations of ecological effects is common. Especially hydraulic effects and effects on fish were extensively modeled with the help of hydraulic 1D- and 2D-simulations. Current applications to investigate social and economic effects integrated into hydraulic modeling are meanwhile limited. Approaches to realizing this integration are presented. Further research on the economic valuation of ecosystems and integration of social and economic effects to hydraulic models is necessary to develop holistic tools to support decision-making on sustainable hydropower.

黄河流域矿产资源开发-经济-环境耦合协调发展及时空演化研究

黄河流域长期过量的矿产资源开发导致的生态退化和环境问题日益恶化,如何在环境约束下促进经济高质量发展已经成为黄河流域的重要课题。首先,将9个位于黄河流域的省份作为研究对象,选取矿产资源开发、经济、环境3个子系统的7个二级指标和28个三级指标,构建黄河流域矿产资源开发、经济和环境耦合协调评价体系,基于2011—2021年各省份面板数据,运用熵权法对该区域各省三大系统的综合发展水平进行评价。其次,构建黄河流域耦合协调度模型研究3个子系统之间的耦合协调关系,并使用ArcGIS来研究其时空格局上的演变过程。研究发现:1)2011—2021年各省综合发展指数不断提高,整体呈现为下游高于中游高于上游,上、中、下游地区综合发展指数增长率分别为59.2%、51.9%、60.9%;2)2011—2021年,耦合指数处于高值的省份数量逐渐增加,处于低值的省份数量逐渐减少,中、下游地区耦合指数水平均高于全流域的平均水平;3)从时间分布上来看,2011—2021年黄河流域个别省份处于协调状态以上,但仍有省份协调表现较差,三者的耦合协调度已接近失衡,但仍在稳定的向勉强协调发展,仍有很大空间;4)从空间格局来看,各省份协调指数均稳步增长,到2021年,处于协调状态的省份有8个,占所有省份的88.89%,且呈现“东高西低”(下游协调指数高于上游)的空间分布及省份间的两极分化现象。该研究结果可为黄河流域的环境保护和治理及区域间经济协调发展提供理论支持。基于研究,提出促进黄河流域协调发展的对策建议:重点关注地区之间的发展不平衡问题;加强科学规划建设;合理开发利用矿产资源,加强生态环境治理。

黄河上游近60年水沙变化特征及其影响因素

由于受人类活动及气候变化影响,黄河上游干流水沙特征发生显著变化。为探究黄河上游水沙变化情况,基于黄河上游5个水文站19642019年水沙、遥感影像等数据,利用Mann-Kendall检验法、滑动t检验法、累积距平曲线和双累积曲线等突变检验方法和小波分析法,对黄河上游水沙变化特征进行研究。利用水沙关系曲线及线性回归法等方法估算人类活动和气候对水沙变化的贡献率,并着重讨论梯级水库建设及土地利用变化对水沙的影响。结果表明:1)黄河上游玛曲-小川段流域内降雨量和径流量变化幅度不明显,贵德站、循化站、小川站19862019年年均输沙量分别减至19641985年的9.8%、24.6%、38.8%,输沙量大大减少。黄河上游玛曲-小川段径流量突变多在1986年,输沙量突变多在1969、1986、2004年,径流量存在8、16、22 a周期,输沙量存在4~8、18~21、27 a周期。2)1969年后,河流输沙能力增强,水沙关系显著改变。在不同时段内,人类活动对径流量变化在19872019年贡献率为66.3%,对输沙量变化在19701986、19872004、20052019年的贡献率为72.96%、70.73%、69.7%。人类活动对黄河上游干流水沙影响占据主导因素。3)刘家峡水库淤积最为严重,单库运行期水库淤积量为2.39亿t,排沙比变化范围为1.39%~10.7%。梯级水库联调使得径流量在19642004年间减少47.8%,19642019年间梯级水库减沙94.8%,梯级水库对输沙量影响远大于对径流量的影响。4)19802020年间,草地面积增加了1880.03 km 2,增幅3.1%,有利于减少输沙量,草地拦沙效益大于截流效益。

典型河湖治理经验及对长江流域生态保护的启示

为做好长江生态环境修复保护工作,选取欧洲莱茵河、英国泰晤士河、韩国清溪川和美国奥基乔比湖4个具有典型特征的河湖作为案例,整理和归纳了这4个河湖的污染治理过程与对应的政治、经济、金融、法律相关的治理措施。针对长江流域生态治理中存在的同类问题,总结了这4个河湖在跨区域协同治理、跨部门统筹管理、健全法律体系、加强公众参与和商业运营等方面的经验,提出建立跨区域共同协商的流域水污染管理体制、强化不同部门之间的统筹管理机制、完善流域统一的环境保护法律体系、公共参与等措施和建议。研究成果可为协同长江的保护与发展、进一步提升长江流域的水生态环境质量提供参考。

河流分类分级分段及河流形态学研究进展

河流分类、河流分级及干流河道分段合称为河流三分(分类·分级·分段);基于河流三要素(流域-水系-干流河道)和河流三分-河流形态学-河流学体系,开展了河流三分理论研究及实践应用、河流形态学再构建以及河流形态定性特性与定量因子指标辨识。主要成果结论包括:①优化了独立与非独立河流分类、河流分级Horton法改进、河流5区分段等方法,完善了河流界定拓展、河流平等与分级、干流河道“层次分段”等新理论,总结了世界大江大河及长江河流三分实践应用;②河流形态学研究河流现状及恒常形态,包括以河流三分为基石的河流三要素特性研究和以干流河道平面-剖面-断面形态为核心的河谷-河床-河道形态研究;③定性辨识了河流形态15项殊相特性与共相原则(包括复合流域水系、复杂干流河道等形态特性,干流河道优先、河流湖泊统一、干流河道唯一、侵蚀基面统一等新增原则);④定量辨识了河流形态4类因子指标,双指标3种相关关系(并行-从属-或然)与3类组合模式(物理-化学-生物)以及三因子4类及9种相关模式(均衡线型-瓶颈线型-三角形-金字塔-均分圆-同心圆-同切圆-交叉圆-三角圆)。倡导“河流学-长江学-水科学”学科范式,积极践行“治河·治江·治水”理念。

长江干流沿江地区土壤重金属的分布、来源及潜在生态风险

为掌握长江干流沿江地区土壤重金属状况,开展土壤表层样品采集和重金属空间分布研究,使用PMF(positive matrix factorization)模型解析土壤重金属来源,并选取地累积和潜在生态风险等方法,评估重金属的污染状况和生态风险。结果表明:1)土壤重金属的积累程度不同,As、Cd和Cu的超标率高,污染明显。Cd和Cu的变异系数高于1.0,分布不匀,受某些污染源的影响显著。2)各重金属含量呈现条带状的空间格局,在多个地区出现高值,土壤环境质量受到人类活动的负面影响。3)土壤重金属积累主要来源于自然、工业排放、交通运输和农业生产,贡献率分别为36.65%、28.48%、20.07%和14.80%。其中Cd与工业活动有关,Pb和Zn来自交通排放,Cr和Ni与自然源密切相关,As和Cu来源于农业生产。4)Cd的污染程度最高,81.88%的点位达到轻度污染。40%以上的点位受到As、Cu、Ni和Pb污染。75%以上点位的Cr和Zn含量较低,污染程度不高。单项生态风险指数的均值从大到小依次为:Cd、As、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr。综合生态风险指数均值为63.17,处于轻微风险水平。该研究作为土壤生态调查的核心,可为土壤环境管理和重金属污染修复提供科学依据。

金沙江干流巨型滑坡发育特征及其形成机理

金沙江干流穿越地形地貌极为复杂和新构造运动强烈的青藏高原东南缘,流域内发育了大量的巨型滑坡,使得该地区的滑坡灾害十分严重。因此,深入研究金沙江干流滑坡的成因机制对于该区域的防灾减灾具有重要意义。本研究通过搜集前人研究资料和遥感影像分析,对金沙江干流巨型滑坡的形成机制进行了深入探讨。研究发现,金沙江干流巨型滑坡的形成受多种因素的综合影响。首先,地形坡度是影响滑坡形成的重要因素,坡度在25°~40°范围内发生滑坡的概率更高。其次,活动断裂在滑坡形成过程中起到重要作用,断裂带活动会导致岩石变形和破碎,从而增加滑坡发生的可能性。此外,地层岩性也是影响滑坡的重要因素,它影响着岩土体的物理力学特性和岸坡的应力分布特征,导致区域稳定性的差异,增加了滑坡发生的可能。在这些因素中,活动断裂及强震活动在巨型滑坡的形成过程中起到了更为重要的作用。他们可能导致滑坡进一步发展,甚至引发流域堵江、溃坝、洪水等连锁灾害。

数字孪生流域预演场景研究与运用——以嫩江干流为例

为加强数字孪生演练场景真实化,助力决策精准化,依托数字孪生流域建设思路,搭建数字孪生业务应用平台。分析孪生平台整体架构与关键技术,构建具备预报、预警、预演、预案功能的防洪“四预”全景可视化平台。以嫩江干流为例,分析数字孪生建设实际需求,以尼尔基水库防洪调度为预演场景,分析尼尔基水库上游与下游嫩江干流之间的淹没损失关系,得出最优调度防御安排及建议。结果表明:通过全景可视化平台进行场景演练,可呈现河道演进真实情况,保障河道行洪安全,避免淹没损失,为防洪安全决策提供科学支撑。

塔里木河“四源”洪水演变规律及成因分析

基于1981—2020年塔里木河流域“四源”5个水文站的日径流数据及格网温度、降水和雪深等数据,采用最大值及POT采样法,分析洪水发生量级、频率和峰现时间等特征,同时采用相关性分析揭示不同洪水指标与影响因素之间的关系并识别关键影响因子。结果表明:(1)1981—2020年塔里木河“四源”各站点洪峰流量大小依次为:卡群>协和拉>同古孜洛克>沙里桂兰克>大山口,年及季节尺度洪峰流量普遍呈增加趋势,冬季洪峰发生时间均呈提前状态,其中沙里桂兰克年均提前最多为2.61 d,卡群站提前仅0.67 d。(2)研究时段内塔里木河流域共有2个洪水高发期,为1994—2002年和2006—2011年,流域内大量级洪水集中发生在1990年之后。(3)洪水发生前不同时间内最小温度、降水和雪深以增加趋势为主;而最大温度以减少趋势为主。春季洪水指标与最大3 d降水的相关性最高,而秋季洪水指标与最大7 d降水的相关性最高。相比于单日降水,多日降水与洪水指标的相关性更高。在雪深相关因子中,最大15 d雪深与各站点的春季洪水指标相关性最高。研究结果对区域水资源管理以及洪水灾害预测提供理论依据。

内蒙古黄河干流行业间水权转让效果及对经济社会的影响

为定量评价内蒙古黄河干流行业间水权转让对经济社会的影响,从水权转让对农业的影响以及对全部受让工业企业的用水情况、生产经营情况、年度收益情况、民生及经济的影响等方面进行分析。结果表明:2019—2021年,内蒙古黄河干流行业间水权转让拉动工业项目总投资5995.80亿元,实现新增就业122145人,地区生产总值447.09亿元,工业增加值2388.21亿元,税收194.70亿元,新增铺设道路面积1316.17万m^(2),新增绿化面积3099.5万m^(2),明显提升了农业产值和农民收入,有助于解决地方民生问题,促进了沿黄地区生态保护和经济社会的协调发展。内蒙古黄河干流行业间水权转让缓解了沿黄工业企业水资源瓶颈制约,实现了农民增产、经济增效、生态修复的多赢,为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供了有力支持。