Influence of Rubber Powder Movement on Properties of Asphalt Rubber from the Mesoscopic View

The research on asphalt performance mainly focused on the macro performance and micro mechanism.Mesoscopic analysis was introduced to study the effect of rubber powder movement on asphalt rubber properties.After the preparation parameters and the preparation process of asphalt rubber were determined,the modification mechanism and rheological properties were analyzed which revealed the compatible stability mechanism.Then,the analysis model of asphalt rubber was established to focus on simulating the effect of rubber powder and the spatial movement on its mechanical properties.The experimental results show that rubber powder can make the asphalt rubber bear more uniform stress distribution and enhance the ability to resist deformation.Meanwhile,the rotational motion and final distribution of rubber powder have an obvious impact on the mechanical properties of asphalt rubber.In the selected feature points,the average stress of rubber powder at 0°space angle is only 34.1%of that at90°space angle.When the rubber powders are all in parallel in the ideal state,it enhances the mechanical properties the most.This study supplements the“mesoscopic”scale between macro and micro research.The relationship between micro mechanism and macro properties of asphalt rubber will be established from the mesoscopic perspective.It is also an effort to realize the effective correlation from micro,mesoscopic to macro in asphalt.

Double-porosity rock model and squirt flow in the laboratory frequency band

Biot theory research has been extended to the multi-scale heterogeneity in actual rocks. Focused on laboratory frequency bandwidth studies, we discuss the relationships between double-porosity and BISQ wave equations, analytically derive the degeneration method for double-porosity＇s return to BISQ, and give three necessary conditions which the degeneration must satisfy. By introducing dynamic permeability and tortuosity theory, a full set of dynamic double-porosity wave equations are derived. A narrow band approximation is made to simplify the numerical simulation for dynamic double-porosity wavefields. Finally, the pseudo-spectral method is used for wave simulation within the laboratory frequency band （50 kHz）. Numerical results have proved the feasibility for dynamic double-porosity＇s description of squirt flow and the validity of the quasi-static approximation method.

Macro and micro failure mechanism of surrounding rock of small span tunnel under different stress paths

According to the different stress paths,similar model test and PFC simulation test of tunnel surrounding rock are designed to compare the failure mechanisms at macroscopic and mesoscopic scales.The following conclusions are drawn.1)Excavation unloading will disturb the surrounding rock to form a certain excavation damaged zone.2)Under the loading path,the stress of surrounding rock failure is 1.500 MPa;under the unloading path with initial stress of 60% σ_(Zmax) and 100% σ_(Zmax),the failure stress is 1.583 and 1.833 MPa respectively in the model test.3)In terms of the failure mode of rocks under different stress paths,tensile fractures first appear in two sides of the vertical walls;thereafter,the spandrel and arch foot are loosened due to the stress concentration.The fractures gradually coalesce with those occurring in the vertical walls.4)In the process of excavation unloading,the proportion of shear cracks is 35.3%,and the rock is subject to strong shear effect.The final failure surface is approximately V-shaped.5)The tangential peak stress on the vertical walls at the free face is the lowest;the vertical walls at the free face show the poorest bearing capacity and are easily subjected to tensile failure.

Viscoelastic characteristics of low-frequency seismic wave attenuation in porous media

Mesoscopic fluid flow is the major cause of wave attenuation and velocity dispersion at seismic frequencies in porous rocks. The Johnson model provides solutions for the frequency-dependent quality factor and phase velocity in partially saturated porous media with pore patches of arbitrary shapes. We use the Johnson model to derive approximations for the quality factor Q at the high and low frequency limit, and obtain the approximate equation for Qmin based on geophysical and geometric parameters. A more accurate equation for Qmin is obtained after correcting for the linear errors between the exact and approximate Q values. The complexity of the pore patch shape affects the maximum attenuation of Qmin and the transition frequency ftr; furthermore, the effect on ftr is stronger than that on Qmin. Numerical solutions to Biot’s equation are computationally intensive; thus, we build an equivalent viscoelastic model on the basis of the Zener model, which well approximates the wave attenuation and dispersion in porous rocks in the seismic band.

Influence of Dodecyl Trimethylammonium Chloride on the Structure and Properties of Konjac Glucanmannan

This study presents the interaction between konjac glucanmannan（KGM） and cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride（DTAC） to provide theoretical guidance and prediction for the experimental design and application of this composite system. Dissipative particle dynamics（DPD） method was used to simulate the interaction between KGM and the cationic surfactant. Influences of concentration, temperature and shear process on the structure and properties of aggregates were mainly examined. The results revealed that the density peak increased with the increase of concentration of KGM. With increasing the temperature, density peak moved to the right and increased, and then decreased when the temperature rose to a certain value. The density peak moved to the right at the low shear rate while decreased at the high one. During simulation, the high viscosity related to the low diffusion rate, which made it difficult to form a large continuous phase.

Simulation and Experimental Study on Thermal Conductivity of Nano-Granule Porous Material Based on Lattice-Boltzmann Method

Nano-porous materials have excellent thermal insulation performance,whose microstructure and physical properties,however,have great influence on the thermal conductivity.To accurately describe the stochastic phase distribution,a random internal morphology and structure generation-growth method,called the quartet structure generation set(QSGS),has been proposed in the present paper.The model was then imported into lattice Boltzmann algorithm as a fully resolved geometry and used to investigate the effects on heat transfer at the nanoscale.Furthermore,a three-dimensional Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)D3Q15 was adopted to predict the nano-granule porous material effective thermal conductivity.This ideal method provided a significant advantage over similar porous media methods by directly controlling and adjusting of granule characteristics such as granule size,porosity and pore size distributions and studying their influence directly on thermal conductivity.To verify the accuracy of the proposed model,some experiments based on guarded hot plate meter(GHPM)were conducted.The results indicated that the simulation results agreed well with the experimental data and references values,which illustrated that this method was reliable to generate the microstructure of nano-granule.What’s more,the effects of pressure,core distribution probability,cd and density were investigated.There existed an optimal density(about 120 kg·m^(-3))making the effective thermal conductivity being minimum and an optimal core distribution probability about cd=0.1 making the uniformity being the best.In addition,the present approach is applicable in dealing with other porous materials as well.