This study aims to determine the most convenient calcination temperature and calcination duration of wastestabilized Adobe(AB)to produce a new alkali-activated binder.Waste-stabilized Adobe mainly consists of soil,CaC...This study aims to determine the most convenient calcination temperature and calcination duration of wastestabilized Adobe(AB)to produce a new alkali-activated binder.Waste-stabilized Adobe mainly consists of soil,CaCO3 as a stabilizer,and straw(for strengthening).The availability of raw materials for making Adobe presents the waste-stabilized Adobe as a potential product for a new alkali-activated binder.Waste-stabilized Adobe collected from an abandoned damaged building in the village of Inonu in Northern Cyprus,ground and calcined at the following temperatures:450,550,650,750,850,and 950℃.The calcination at each temperature was held for different durations 1,3,5,and 7 h.Raw and calcined waste stabilized Adobe structures were investigated using XRF,TGA-DTA,XRD,FTIR,and SEM.Considering technical and environmental views related to energy consumption,waste stabilized Adobe calcined at 750℃ for 1 h presented the most promising results regarding the production of a new precursor for alkali-activated binder.This study also presents the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS)usage on the fresh and hardened properties of optimum calcined AB-based alkali-activated pastes cured at room temperature.GGBFS was used to partially replace AB to form a binary composite raw material system and seven experimental groups were designed according to replacement levels of 0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%(by mass).Alkali-activated high volume waste-stabilized Adobe-slag pastes prepared using Na2SiO3-to-NaOH ratio of 2 and 12 M concentration of Sodium Hydroxide.The fresh property as flowability and the hardened property as the compressive strength of the alkali-activated pastes with different GGBFS contents were investigated.The results indicated that the incorporation of GGBFS increased the flowability of fresh alkali-activated pastes.A 28-day compressive strength of 43.75 MPa can be obtained by a 30%replacement level of GGBFS.展开更多
A metakaolin(Mk)-based geopolymer cement from Tunisian Mk mixed with different amounts of silica fume(SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio varying between 3.61 and 4.09) and sodium hydroxide(10M) and without any alkali silicate ...A metakaolin(Mk)-based geopolymer cement from Tunisian Mk mixed with different amounts of silica fume(SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio varying between 3.61 and 4.09) and sodium hydroxide(10M) and without any alkali silicate solution, is developed in this work. After the samples were cured at room temperature under air for 28 d, they were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy, and compression testing to establish the relationship between microstructure and compressive strength. The XRD, FTIR, and ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si NMR analyses showed that the use of silica fume instead of alkali silicate solutions was feasible for manufacturing geopolymer cement. The Mk-based geopolymer with a silica fume content of 6 wt%(compared with those with 2% and 10%), corresponding to an SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio of 3.84, resulted in the highest compressive strength, which was explained on the basis of its high compactness with the smallest porosity. Silica fume improved the compressive strength by filling interstitial voids of the microstructure because of its fine particle size. In addition, an increase in the SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio, which is controlled by the addition of silica fume, to 4.09 led to a geopolymer with low compressive strength, accompanied by microstructures with high porosity. This high porosity, which is responsible for weaknesses in the specimen, is related to the amount of unreacted silica fume.展开更多
This study specifically investigated the influence of the composition of aluminosilicate material <i>i.e.</span><span> </span></span><span><span><span style="font-fami...This study specifically investigated the influence of the composition of aluminosilicate material <i>i.e.</span><span> </span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> the substitution of metakaolin by rice husk ash and the nature of alkaline activators (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>) on mineralogical, structural, physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer binders. This influence was evaluated based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM analyses, apparent density, water accessible porosity, compressive strength and thermal properties. Two types of geopolymer binder were synthesized according to the type of alkali activator used, the NaOH-based geopolymer and the KOH-based geopolymer. The results of characterization performed after 14 days of curing of geopolymer samples showed that the activation of the aluminosilicate powder using alkaline solution led to change in their micro</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">structure. The highest compressive strength was obtained with the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NaOH-based geopolymer.展开更多
研究了青岛高岭土制备地聚物的最佳条件和地聚物的水化过程。重点考察了水灰比、碱激发剂掺量、水玻璃模数等因素对地聚物抗压强度的影响。结果表明：以高岭土煅烧得到的偏高岭土为原料制备地聚物，当水灰比为0.35、碱激发剂掺量为21％...研究了青岛高岭土制备地聚物的最佳条件和地聚物的水化过程。重点考察了水灰比、碱激发剂掺量、水玻璃模数等因素对地聚物抗压强度的影响。结果表明：以高岭土煅烧得到的偏高岭土为原料制备地聚物，当水灰比为0.35、碱激发剂掺量为21％、水玻璃模数为1.4时，地聚物具有较高的强度。由此制备的地聚物试块在50℃下用保鲜膜包裹养护9 d 再自然养护19 d，其抗压强度为71 MPa。通过XRD、SEM对地聚物的水化过程进行了研究，揭示了地聚物不同水化时间的微观结构变化，结果表明：地聚物在水化过程中，先脱水缩聚生成小颗粒地聚物前驱体，然后进一步生成相对较大的分子，最后连接成网状结构，形成致密结构；其水化产物主要是网状无定型的硅铝凝胶，对应的XRD衍射区域为20°～30°。展开更多
文摘This study aims to determine the most convenient calcination temperature and calcination duration of wastestabilized Adobe(AB)to produce a new alkali-activated binder.Waste-stabilized Adobe mainly consists of soil,CaCO3 as a stabilizer,and straw(for strengthening).The availability of raw materials for making Adobe presents the waste-stabilized Adobe as a potential product for a new alkali-activated binder.Waste-stabilized Adobe collected from an abandoned damaged building in the village of Inonu in Northern Cyprus,ground and calcined at the following temperatures:450,550,650,750,850,and 950℃.The calcination at each temperature was held for different durations 1,3,5,and 7 h.Raw and calcined waste stabilized Adobe structures were investigated using XRF,TGA-DTA,XRD,FTIR,and SEM.Considering technical and environmental views related to energy consumption,waste stabilized Adobe calcined at 750℃ for 1 h presented the most promising results regarding the production of a new precursor for alkali-activated binder.This study also presents the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS)usage on the fresh and hardened properties of optimum calcined AB-based alkali-activated pastes cured at room temperature.GGBFS was used to partially replace AB to form a binary composite raw material system and seven experimental groups were designed according to replacement levels of 0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%(by mass).Alkali-activated high volume waste-stabilized Adobe-slag pastes prepared using Na2SiO3-to-NaOH ratio of 2 and 12 M concentration of Sodium Hydroxide.The fresh property as flowability and the hardened property as the compressive strength of the alkali-activated pastes with different GGBFS contents were investigated.The results indicated that the incorporation of GGBFS increased the flowability of fresh alkali-activated pastes.A 28-day compressive strength of 43.75 MPa can be obtained by a 30%replacement level of GGBFS.
文摘A metakaolin(Mk)-based geopolymer cement from Tunisian Mk mixed with different amounts of silica fume(SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio varying between 3.61 and 4.09) and sodium hydroxide(10M) and without any alkali silicate solution, is developed in this work. After the samples were cured at room temperature under air for 28 d, they were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy, and compression testing to establish the relationship between microstructure and compressive strength. The XRD, FTIR, and ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si NMR analyses showed that the use of silica fume instead of alkali silicate solutions was feasible for manufacturing geopolymer cement. The Mk-based geopolymer with a silica fume content of 6 wt%(compared with those with 2% and 10%), corresponding to an SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio of 3.84, resulted in the highest compressive strength, which was explained on the basis of its high compactness with the smallest porosity. Silica fume improved the compressive strength by filling interstitial voids of the microstructure because of its fine particle size. In addition, an increase in the SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio, which is controlled by the addition of silica fume, to 4.09 led to a geopolymer with low compressive strength, accompanied by microstructures with high porosity. This high porosity, which is responsible for weaknesses in the specimen, is related to the amount of unreacted silica fume.
文摘This study specifically investigated the influence of the composition of aluminosilicate material <i>i.e.</span><span> </span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> the substitution of metakaolin by rice husk ash and the nature of alkaline activators (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>) on mineralogical, structural, physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer binders. This influence was evaluated based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM analyses, apparent density, water accessible porosity, compressive strength and thermal properties. Two types of geopolymer binder were synthesized according to the type of alkali activator used, the NaOH-based geopolymer and the KOH-based geopolymer. The results of characterization performed after 14 days of curing of geopolymer samples showed that the activation of the aluminosilicate powder using alkaline solution led to change in their micro</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">structure. The highest compressive strength was obtained with the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NaOH-based geopolymer.
文摘研究了青岛高岭土制备地聚物的最佳条件和地聚物的水化过程。重点考察了水灰比、碱激发剂掺量、水玻璃模数等因素对地聚物抗压强度的影响。结果表明：以高岭土煅烧得到的偏高岭土为原料制备地聚物，当水灰比为0.35、碱激发剂掺量为21％、水玻璃模数为1.4时，地聚物具有较高的强度。由此制备的地聚物试块在50℃下用保鲜膜包裹养护9 d 再自然养护19 d，其抗压强度为71 MPa。通过XRD、SEM对地聚物的水化过程进行了研究，揭示了地聚物不同水化时间的微观结构变化，结果表明：地聚物在水化过程中，先脱水缩聚生成小颗粒地聚物前驱体，然后进一步生成相对较大的分子，最后连接成网状结构，形成致密结构；其水化产物主要是网状无定型的硅铝凝胶，对应的XRD衍射区域为20°～30°。
