High volume aerosol samplers at Great Wall Station in Antarctica were used to collect 73 aerosol samples between January 2012 and November 2013. The main ions in these aerosol samples, Cl^-, NO3-, SO4^2-, Na＋, K＋, ...High volume aerosol samplers at Great Wall Station in Antarctica were used to collect 73 aerosol samples between January 2012 and November 2013. The main ions in these aerosol samples, Cl^-, NO3-, SO4^2-, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, NH4＋, as well as methane sulfonic acid, were analyzed using ion chromatography. Trace metals in these samples, including Pb, Cu, Cd, V, Zn, Fe, and Al, were determined by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results showed that sea salt was the main component in aerosols at Great Wall Station. Most ions exhibited significant seasonal variations, with higher concentrations in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. Variations in ions and trace metals were related to several processes（or sources）, including sea salt emission, secondary aerosol formation, and anthropogenic pollution from both local and distant sources. The sources of ions and trace metals were identified using enrichment factor, correlation, and factor analyses. Clearly, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, and Mg2＋were from marine sources, while Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were from anthropogenic pollution, and Al and V were mainly from crustal sources.展开更多
The formation of alkali and alkaline-earth metal picrate complexes with cyclo(Pro-Gly)n ionophores (1, n = 3; 2, n = 4) can facilitate the migration of metal ions across a bulk liquid CH2Cl2 membrane. The migration be...The formation of alkali and alkaline-earth metal picrate complexes with cyclo(Pro-Gly)n ionophores (1, n = 3; 2, n = 4) can facilitate the migration of metal ions across a bulk liquid CH2Cl2 membrane. The migration behavior was studied by measuring the solution absorption at 356 nm, using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer, and the rates can be determined by comparing the initial absorption of donor solutions with the absorption of the corresponding receiver solutions as the function of time. It was found that cyclic peptide 1 shows higher transport activity for the studied alkali and alkaline-earth metal ions than compound 2, which is related to the backbone flexibility of the cyclic peptides. The findings in this work suggest that the rate of ionophore-facilitated ion transport depends not only on the ability of complex formation in aqueous phase, but also on the ability of complex dissociation in organic phase.展开更多
从分子结构与分布、生理功能及其对二价金属离子吸收的调控机制等方面对二价金属离子转运蛋白1(divalent metal transporter 1,DMT1)的国内外研究现状进行了综述。旨在通过对DMT1在微量元素吸收中的作用机制的研究,来提高动物微量元素...从分子结构与分布、生理功能及其对二价金属离子吸收的调控机制等方面对二价金属离子转运蛋白1(divalent metal transporter 1,DMT1)的国内外研究现状进行了综述。旨在通过对DMT1在微量元素吸收中的作用机制的研究,来提高动物微量元素的吸收效率和利用率。展开更多
The rate constants of transmembrane transport of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ with the same charge and different configurations of electron were determined in this experiment, and their first-order kinetic rate constant is as foll...The rate constants of transmembrane transport of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ with the same charge and different configurations of electron were determined in this experiment, and their first-order kinetic rate constant is as follows: for Ni 2+, k(Ni 2+)=0.002 0 h -1, and for Cd 2+, k(Cd 2+)=0.021 h -1. There are large differences between their rates of transmemebrane transport. The mechanisms of transmembrane transport of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ are studied at the same time. The influences of the concentration of metal ions, pH of solution and the transport inhibitor on the uptake of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ by human erythrocytes have been studied. The results show that Ni 2+ ions pass through the membrane by passive diffusion, while for Cd 2+, some of them are transported by the anion channel, the others by passive diffusion. Because there are different configurations of electron in the two ions, there are large difference in action of them with protein in the membrane of human erythrocytes.展开更多
以NADH为反应体系的启动剂,研究猪心肌提取液中高铁肌红蛋白还原酶(MetMbase)活性的表达,实验结果证实酶活性的表达依赖NADH启动,且0.2 mM NADH浓度可充分启动MetMbase活性的表达.研究还表明,ATP可全程抑制MetMbase呼吸链电子的传递,抑...以NADH为反应体系的启动剂,研究猪心肌提取液中高铁肌红蛋白还原酶(MetMbase)活性的表达,实验结果证实酶活性的表达依赖NADH启动,且0.2 mM NADH浓度可充分启动MetMbase活性的表达.研究还表明,ATP可全程抑制MetMbase呼吸链电子的传递,抑制酶的活性;NaN3通过阻断呼吸链第三位点电子传递来抑制酶活性的表达;而N-Ethylmaleimide能与MetMbase官能团巯基(-SH)瞬间结合并快速使酶活性丧失;二价金属离子能干扰活性的表达,Zn2+可促进MetMbase活性的表达;而Cu2+和Mg2+均抑制酶活性的表达,且Mg2+抑制强度大于Cu2+.金属螯合剂EDTA可掩蔽自由金属离子对MetMbase酶促反应的干扰,改善酶活性的表达.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 41230529 and 41476172)the Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation & Assessment Programs (Grant no. CHINARE2012-15 for 01-04-02, 02-01, and 03-0402)Chinese International Cooperation Projects, Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Adminstration (Grant nos. 2015DFG22010, IC201201, IC201308 and IC201513)
文摘High volume aerosol samplers at Great Wall Station in Antarctica were used to collect 73 aerosol samples between January 2012 and November 2013. The main ions in these aerosol samples, Cl^-, NO3-, SO4^2-, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, NH4＋, as well as methane sulfonic acid, were analyzed using ion chromatography. Trace metals in these samples, including Pb, Cu, Cd, V, Zn, Fe, and Al, were determined by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results showed that sea salt was the main component in aerosols at Great Wall Station. Most ions exhibited significant seasonal variations, with higher concentrations in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. Variations in ions and trace metals were related to several processes（or sources）, including sea salt emission, secondary aerosol formation, and anthropogenic pollution from both local and distant sources. The sources of ions and trace metals were identified using enrichment factor, correlation, and factor analyses. Clearly, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, and Mg2＋were from marine sources, while Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were from anthropogenic pollution, and Al and V were mainly from crustal sources.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 29872021).
文摘The formation of alkali and alkaline-earth metal picrate complexes with cyclo(Pro-Gly)n ionophores (1, n = 3; 2, n = 4) can facilitate the migration of metal ions across a bulk liquid CH2Cl2 membrane. The migration behavior was studied by measuring the solution absorption at 356 nm, using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer, and the rates can be determined by comparing the initial absorption of donor solutions with the absorption of the corresponding receiver solutions as the function of time. It was found that cyclic peptide 1 shows higher transport activity for the studied alkali and alkaline-earth metal ions than compound 2, which is related to the backbone flexibility of the cyclic peptides. The findings in this work suggest that the rate of ionophore-facilitated ion transport depends not only on the ability of complex formation in aqueous phase, but also on the ability of complex dissociation in organic phase.
文摘The rate constants of transmembrane transport of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ with the same charge and different configurations of electron were determined in this experiment, and their first-order kinetic rate constant is as follows: for Ni 2+, k(Ni 2+)=0.002 0 h -1, and for Cd 2+, k(Cd 2+)=0.021 h -1. There are large differences between their rates of transmemebrane transport. The mechanisms of transmembrane transport of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ are studied at the same time. The influences of the concentration of metal ions, pH of solution and the transport inhibitor on the uptake of Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ by human erythrocytes have been studied. The results show that Ni 2+ ions pass through the membrane by passive diffusion, while for Cd 2+, some of them are transported by the anion channel, the others by passive diffusion. Because there are different configurations of electron in the two ions, there are large difference in action of them with protein in the membrane of human erythrocytes.
文摘以NADH为反应体系的启动剂,研究猪心肌提取液中高铁肌红蛋白还原酶(MetMbase)活性的表达,实验结果证实酶活性的表达依赖NADH启动,且0.2 mM NADH浓度可充分启动MetMbase活性的表达.研究还表明,ATP可全程抑制MetMbase呼吸链电子的传递,抑制酶的活性;NaN3通过阻断呼吸链第三位点电子传递来抑制酶活性的表达;而N-Ethylmaleimide能与MetMbase官能团巯基(-SH)瞬间结合并快速使酶活性丧失;二价金属离子能干扰活性的表达,Zn2+可促进MetMbase活性的表达;而Cu2+和Mg2+均抑制酶活性的表达,且Mg2+抑制强度大于Cu2+.金属螯合剂EDTA可掩蔽自由金属离子对MetMbase酶促反应的干扰,改善酶活性的表达.
