Lithium metal anode is almost the ultimate choice for high-energy density rechargeable batteries, but its uneven electrochemical dissolution-deposition characteristics lead to poor cycle stability and lithium dendrite...Lithium metal anode is almost the ultimate choice for high-energy density rechargeable batteries, but its uneven electrochemical dissolution-deposition characteristics lead to poor cycle stability and lithium dendrites safety problems. The fundamental solution to the problems is to interfere electrodeposition process of lithium metal so that it can be carried out reversibly and stably. In this work, an inverse-opal structured TiO2membrane with a thickness of only ~1 μm is designed to regulate the electrodeposition behavior of lithium metal, in which the ordered channels homogenize mass transfer process, the anatase TiO_(2)walls of the ion channels reduce desolvation barrier of solvated lithium-ions, and the spherical cavities with a diameter of ~300 nm confine migration of the adsorbed lithium atoms during electrocrystallization to diminish overpotential of lithium. These systematic effects cover and essentially change the whole process of electrodeposition of lithium metal and eliminate the possibility of lithium dendrite formation. The as-obtained lithium metal electrode delivers a Coulombic efficiency of 99.86% in the 100th cycle, and maintains a low deposition overpotential of 0.01 V for 800 h.展开更多
In this work, we have investigated the mechanical properties of Cu/Ta, Ag/Cu and Ag/Nb multilayers with different heterogeneous interfaces. The results suggest that when individual layer thickness （h） is larger than...In this work, we have investigated the mechanical properties of Cu/Ta, Ag/Cu and Ag/Nb multilayers with different heterogeneous interfaces. The results suggest that when individual layer thickness （h） is larger than 5-10 nm, the hardness/strength of three different multilayer systems has the similar length scale effect with decreasing layer thickness, while when h ≤ 5 nm, the three multilayer systems show remarkably different plastic deformation behaviors. The strength curves exhibit the variation trends of unchanging, softening and increasing corresponding to Cu/Ta, Ag/Cu and Ag/Nb multilayers, respectively. The microstructure analysis shows that three kinds of multilayers have totally different interfacial structures, which lead to the different strengthening or softening mechanisms.展开更多
基金Financial supports from the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFB0100200)National Natural Science Foundation of China (21935006)。
文摘Lithium metal anode is almost the ultimate choice for high-energy density rechargeable batteries, but its uneven electrochemical dissolution-deposition characteristics lead to poor cycle stability and lithium dendrites safety problems. The fundamental solution to the problems is to interfere electrodeposition process of lithium metal so that it can be carried out reversibly and stably. In this work, an inverse-opal structured TiO2membrane with a thickness of only ~1 μm is designed to regulate the electrodeposition behavior of lithium metal, in which the ordered channels homogenize mass transfer process, the anatase TiO_(2)walls of the ion channels reduce desolvation barrier of solvated lithium-ions, and the spherical cavities with a diameter of ~300 nm confine migration of the adsorbed lithium atoms during electrocrystallization to diminish overpotential of lithium. These systematic effects cover and essentially change the whole process of electrodeposition of lithium metal and eliminate the possibility of lithium dendrite formation. The as-obtained lithium metal electrode delivers a Coulombic efficiency of 99.86% in the 100th cycle, and maintains a low deposition overpotential of 0.01 V for 800 h.
基金financially supported by the PAPD(No.50831004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+3 种基金the Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(No.BY2013072-06)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.20141234)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51171078 and 51371096)the State Key Program for Basic Research of China(No.2010CB631004)
文摘In this work, we have investigated the mechanical properties of Cu/Ta, Ag/Cu and Ag/Nb multilayers with different heterogeneous interfaces. The results suggest that when individual layer thickness （h） is larger than 5-10 nm, the hardness/strength of three different multilayer systems has the similar length scale effect with decreasing layer thickness, while when h ≤ 5 nm, the three multilayer systems show remarkably different plastic deformation behaviors. The strength curves exhibit the variation trends of unchanging, softening and increasing corresponding to Cu/Ta, Ag/Cu and Ag/Nb multilayers, respectively. The microstructure analysis shows that three kinds of multilayers have totally different interfacial structures, which lead to the different strengthening or softening mechanisms.
