蓖麻Lm型雌性系及其杂交组合的杂种优势分析

为了解Lm型雌性系蓖麻的配合力遗传基础,以5个蓖麻Lm型雌性系为母本,3个蓖麻两性系为父本,根据NC-Ⅱ不完全双列杂交组配15个杂交组合,对蓖麻杂交组合的配合力、遗传力以及杂种优势进行分析。结果表明:雌性系A1和两性系B2的GCA和杂交组合SCA在蓖麻大部分农艺性状中均表现优秀,可在提高蓖麻产量的亲本选育中作为优异亲本进行杂交组合的构建。对亲本杂种优势研究发现,两性系B2参与组配的杂交组合在多个农艺性状上表现为强杂种优势,而Lm型雌性系则表现为在单个性状上具有较强的杂种优势。从遗传力分析结果来看,蓖麻的主茎蒴果数、一级分枝蒴果数、主茎穗长、主茎节数、一级分枝百粒质量和产量受加性效应和非加性效应共同影响,且受环境影响较小,适宜在早代进行选择。

基于LM优化的车载全景影像绝对测量方法

【目的】为解决车载全景影像在智慧城市、智慧城管、智慧交通等领域中应用不足的问题,提出了一种基于LM优化的车载序列全景影像绝对测量的方法。【方法】首先,对待测目标点在全景影像上的成像过程进行分析,详细推导了目标点绝对坐标测量的理论模型。其次,为解决该理论模型的优化求解问题,引入了对初值不敏感且收敛速度较快的LM算法,并对LM算法中的初值获取、函数构建、参数设置等问题进行了设计。最后,结合实际车载全景影像和目标点位实测数据,对所提的方法进行验证。【结果】该方法获得的目标点绝对坐标平面中误差和高程中误差分别为0.123 m和0.118 m,符合《城市测量规范》(CJJ/T 8—2011)中的相关要求。【结论】该方法能够有效获取全景影像范围内待测目标点的绝对坐标,从而为全景影像在城市部件普查、交通基础设施测量等领域的应用提供了可能。

基于改进变步长LMS算法的谐波电流检测法

针对传统基于瞬时无功功率理论谐波电流检测中的二阶低通滤波器无法同时满足检测精度和响应时间的问题,提出了基于改进的双曲正切函数变步长LMS算法(IVSSLMS)的低通滤波器提取p轴和q轴中直流分量的方法;将两个谐波电流的间隔时间通过适当的调节采样间隔次数来延长,目的是为了达到高次谐波的自相关性能迅速降为零。从理论上分析了算法性能的优越,给出了参数的取值,并在simulink中搭建了仿真模型,仿真实验结果表明,改进后的低通滤波器直流分量的跟踪速度提升了一倍,得到基波正弦波形的THD值下降了0.37%。并得出以下结论:在同样输电条件下,采用改进变步长LMS算法构成低通滤波器加快了直流量的跟踪,提取的基波分量更加接近于理想波形,提升了谐波检测的瞬时性和准确性。

基于改进A^(*)算法+LM-BZS算法的农业机器人路径规划

针对目前农业机器人在全局路径规划过程中存在规划效率低、规划路径折线段多、折线角度大、作业不稳定等问题,以果园履带机器人为运动学模型,提出一种基于改进A^(*)算法+低阶多段贝塞尔曲线拼接(Low-order multi-segment Bezier curve splicing,LM-BZS)算法的路径规划方法。首先,根据先验地图获取果园环境信息,将果树和障碍物视作不可通行区域,并结合机器人本体尺寸,对不可通行区域进行膨胀拟合处理;然后,利用改进A^(*)算法搜索路径,对初步生成路径进行树行节点调整;最后,采用LM-BZS算法对调整后的路径点进行优化处理,生成符合果园履带机器人作业要求的行驶路径。仿真试验结果表明,相较于传统A^(*)算法,本文所提出的改进算法在无障碍和有障碍环境中,路径规划时间分别减少76.75%、86.40%,节点评估数量分别减少36.68%、39.37%;经LM-BZS算法优化所得路径在无障碍环境中,相较于传统A^(*)算法和高阶贝塞尔算法,平均曲率分别降低45.81%、18.94%;在有障碍环境中平均曲率分别降低56.98%、27.81%。场地试验结果表明,果园履带机器人在对本文算法生成路径进行跟踪行驶时,在无障碍和有障碍环境中,最大横向误差分别为0.428、0.491 m,平均横向误差分别为0.232、0.276 m,平均航向偏差分别为11.06°、13.76°,符合果园履带机器人自主行驶条件。

基于x-LMS算法的直升机主动消振电力作动器系统研究

直升机前飞时,气动环境会导致不同方位角的桨叶出现气动载荷的瞬间不对称,通过基础结构传递会在机身形成大幅度的低频振动。为了消除多方向幅值变化的振动力,利用结构响应主动控制原理,设计了基于x-LMS算法的主动消振电力作动器系统,并进行了减振实验。首先,通过比较确定了单台作动器中两台电机同向旋转的方案。通过两台作动器的组合使用,推导出输出力的数学模型。其次,采用负载相位差交叉耦合的控制策略设计系统控制框图。针对存在耦合的相位外环,通过回差阵特征值法确定满足系统稳定裕度要求的参数范围,再根据灵敏度函数和输入跟踪性能在所得的参数稳定域内寻找最优解。然后,提出了基于x-LMS算法的直升机主动振动控制系统,并通过仿真验证了该系统的减振效果。最后,研制的实验样机进行了动稳态实验以及减振实验,验证了系统的实际减振效果。

基于Adam算法的LMS优化

虽然传统的LMS算法简单有效,但它的收敛速度较慢,容易受到初始权值选择和步长设置的影响。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了Adam算法的自适应学习率特性到LMS算法中。Adam算法通过一阶矩估计(mean)和二阶矩估计(variance)来估计梯度的均值和方差,并根据这些估计值来调整学习率。这样可以对梯度下降的方向和速度进行更精细地控制。通过Adam算法对LMS优化,LMS算法在更新权重时能够更加高效地利用梯度信息,从而提高训练速度和收敛性能。此外,优化后的算法还具有一些超参数,如beta1、beta2和eps等,需要根据具体的应用场景和数据特点进行调节,以获得最佳的优化效果。仿真结果表明优化方案比传统LMS算法在收敛过程中的震荡要更小。

水稻类病变突变体lms1的表型鉴定与抗病分子机制分析

类病变突变体是研究植物细胞死亡和抗病分子机制的重要遗传材料。通过辐射诱变粳稻品种武运粳7号,获得一个少见的抗病性下降的类病变突变体lms1(lesion mimic and disease susceptible mutant 1)。与野生型相比,该突变体叶片自发出现红褐色斑点,其株高、穗长、每穗粒数以及单株产量降低,但千粒重增加;对水稻白叶枯病的抗性显著下降,组织染色表明突变体的叶片中存在明显的细胞死亡以及活性氧的过量积累。遗传分析表明,lms1突变体的表型受单隐性核基因控制,利用图位克隆技术将lms1基因精细定位于水稻9号染色体Indel7和Indel8两个分子标记间,物理距离为62 kb。定位区间内候选基因的PCR扩增测序结果表明,其中一个编码泛素羧基末端水解酶的OsLMP1(Lesion Mimic Phenotype 1)基因第1个外显子中插入了一段长度为654 bp的序列,导致其蛋白翻译提前终止。利用蛋白组学技术分析了lms1突变体与野生型对照的蛋白积累水平,共鉴定到19个差异蛋白(7个上调、12个下调),主要参与氧化还原、叶绿素合成、光合作用等代谢途径。上述结果为进一步研究OsLMP1基因的功能及其调控细胞程序性死亡与抗病性的分子机制提供借鉴。

一种LM-BP加速搜索的周跳探测与修复方法

针对传统三频周跳探测与修复方法中的不敏感、漏检以及效率较低等问题,提出一种基于莱文伯格-马夸特(LM)-反向传播(BP)神经网络加速搜索法的伪距相位组合与电离层残差组合联合周跳探测与修复方法:利用2个伪距相位组合以减少不敏感周跳数量,利用1个电离层残差组合以提高小周跳探测敏感度;在构成3个线性无关的组合观测值后,使用LM-BP加速搜索算法进行周跳探测与修复。实验结果表明,相对常规的伪距相位组合与电离层残差组合联合方法,该方法能够提高周跳探测与修复性能,可探测小至1个的周跳,探测与修复整体时效有较大提升。

基于LM-BP神经网络的办公建筑逐时空调能耗预测

利用LM算法对BP神经网络进行改进,以提高模型收敛速度,减少迭代次数,并分别对夏季、冬季空调能耗模拟数据进行样本训练和测试,构建了LM-BP神经网络的办公建筑逐时空调能耗预测模型。结果表明夏季模型的预测值和模拟值之间的MAPE误差平均为5.74%,冬季模型的MAPE误差平均为5%,其误差均在10%以内,说明LM-BP神经网络在建筑空调能耗预测方面的可行性。并以成都地区某办公建筑实际空调能耗数据为基础对该模型进行了验证,其预测值与实际值平均相对误差为6.6%,说明建立的能耗预测模型能够满足实际工程的需要,准确的用电预测数据可为办公建筑用电侧进行实际电力市场交易提供科学的决策依据。

Diagnostic challenges and individualized treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma metastases to the breast:A case report

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a rare primary tumor resulting in metastases to the breast with few cases reported in literature.Breast metastases are associated with poor prognosis.The following case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with metastatic cervical cancer to the breast along with individualized treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old G7P5025 with no significant past medical or surgical history presented with heavy vaginal to an outside emergency department where an exam and a pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed a 4.5 cm heterogenous lobulated cervical mass involving upper two thirds of vagina,parametria and lymph node metastases.Cervical biopsies confirmed high grade adenocarcinoma with mucinous features.A positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)did not show evidence of metastatic disease.She received concurrent cisplatin with external beam radiation therapy.Follow up PET/CT scan three months later showed no suspicious fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the cervix and no evidence of metastatic disease.Patient was lost to follow up for six months.She was re-imaged on re-presentation and found to have widely metastatic disease including breast disease.Breast biopsy confirmed programmed death-ligand 1 positive metastatic cervical cancer.The patient received six cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel with pembrolizumab.Restaging imaging demonstrated response.Patient continued on pembrolizumab with disease control.CONCLUSION Metastatic cervical cancer to the breast is uncommon with nonspecific clinical findings that can make diagnosis challenging.Clinical history and immunohistochemical evaluation of breast lesion,and comparison to primary tumor can support diagnosis of metastatic cervical cancer to the breast.Overall,the prognosis is poor,but immunotherapy can be considered in select patients and may result in good disease response.

单核细胞增生李斯特菌LIPI-4 Lm4b_02327的基因克隆、生物信息学分析及原核表达

目的 试验旨在获得单核细胞增生李斯特菌新疆冷冻鸡肉分离株LM928中LIPI-4 Lm4b_02327基因的重组蛋白。方法 根据Gen Bank中LM Clip80459菌株(登录号CAS06084.1)Lm4b_02327序列设计特异性引物,利用PCR对Lm4b_02327基因进行扩增,纯化目的片段后克隆至pMD19-T载体,双酶切筛选阳性克隆进行测序。测序后利用软件预测Lm4b_02327序列编码蛋白质的理化性质、二级结构和三级结构,对该基因片段的核苷酸序列及编码的氨基酸序列进行同源性对比。同时构建pET32a-Lm4b_02327重组质粒,将其转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE检测、纯化蛋白后用Western Blot鉴定。结果 LM928菌株的Lm4b_02327基因全长为315 bp,共编码105个氨基酸,该蛋白为偏酸性、无信号肽、亲水性、无跨膜结构、定位于细胞质的不稳定蛋白,该蛋白质预测为PTSLacEⅡA组分。LM928菌株Lm4b_02327基因的核苷酸和氨基酸序列与CFSAN023463、52854、02-6680、02-6679、ICDC-LM188、LM3、N2306、GTA-L356和Clip80459菌株的同源性均为100.0%,与52860、FSL-J1-158和FSL J1-208菌株的核苷酸同源性分别为99.7%、97.8%和97.8%,与52860、FSL-J1-158和FSL J1-208菌株的氨基酸同源性分别为99.0%、94.3%和94.3%。系统进化树显示,LM928菌株的Lm4b_02327基因与4b血清型菌株聚为同一分支。经诱导后,pET32a-Lm4b_02327重组质粒在大肠杆菌BL21中大量表达,经SDS-PAGE和Western Blot鉴定表明该重组蛋白大小约为30 kDa,与预期大小一致。结论 本研究成功克隆Lm4b_02327基因,并获得该蛋白的大量表达,为深入研究蛋白功能奠定基础。

基于LM方法的麻花钻刃带宽度测量研究

提出一种基于二值化的麻花钻刃带宽度检测方法。首先对目标边缘进行锐化,然后用巴特沃斯高通滤波提取边缘信息;其次通过改进的大津二值化算法对疑似边缘点进行阈值分割,获取边缘点坐标;再次使用列文伯格-马夸尔特(LM)方法对边缘附近的点进行拟合,得到刃带宽度曲线并求其拐点,求取麻花钻刃带宽度的数据。最后进行对比实验,用LM方法对未处理的M35直径2.5 cm的刃带图像进行处理得到刃带宽度1.467 mm,测量误差0.467 mm。改进后的测量结果为0.853 mm,测量误差为0.147 mm。

融合改进LM算法及动态时间规整算法的人体动作捕捉研究

人体动作捕捉是指通过技术手段捕捉人体的运动轨迹和姿态信息,广泛应用于娱乐、体育、医疗等领域.然而,现有的动作捕捉技术存在捕捉不准确、计算效率低等问题,影响了其在实时应用场景中的表现.针对这些问题,引入一种骨骼点坐标拟合优化Levenberg-Marquardt算法,并采用粒子群算法对其加以优化.同时采用动态时间规整算法进行人体动作捕捉及评估,以期实现人体动作的实时捕捉.结果显示,该算法对肩部侧平举这一动作的捕捉准确率最高达到了99.23%,明显优于其余对比算法.此外,该算法对深蹲动作的测试时间最短,仅为1.15 s,表明该算法在进行动作捕捉时具有显著的性能优势及很强的实际应用效果,为人体动作捕捉领域提供了新的解决方案.

基于自适应LMS算法的跨声速风洞模型系统辨识

针对风洞试验模型系统辨识不准确的问题,利用自适应LMS(least mean square)滤波器模型对跨声速风洞模型进行系统辨识。由于实测信号中存在多模态耦合,为了提高系统辨识精准度,首先对输入输出信号作了FRF(frequency response analysis)分析得到试验模型俯仰方向前两阶模态,其次利用快速Fourier变换进行模态解耦,接着利用自适应LMS滤波器模型、传递函数模型、多项式模型对俯仰方向单模态进行系统辨识,最后得到了基于自适应LMS滤波器模型的俯仰方向一阶、二阶模态滤波器系数。通过对比不同数学模型的输出与输入之间的相关系数和均方误差及辨识结果,表明自适应LMS滤波器模型具有更高的系统辨识精准度和更简洁的数学模型结构。为后续风洞试验模型振动主动控制计算法的设计提供有力支撑。

Colorectal cancer and dormant metastases:Put to sleep or destroy?

After reading the review by An et al“Biological factors driving colorectal cancer metastasis”,which covers the problem of the metastasis of colorectal cancer(CRC),I had a desire to discuss with readers one of the exciting problems associated with dormant metastases.Most deaths from CRCs are caused by metastases,which can be detected both at diagnosis of the primary tumor and several years or even decades after treatment.This is because tumor cells that enter the bloodstream can be destroyed by the immune system,cause metastatic growth,or remain dormant for a long time.Dormant tumor cells may not manifest themselves throughout a person’s life or,after some time and under appropriate conditions,may give rise to the growth of metastases.In this editorial,we will discuss the most important features of dormant metastases and the mechanisms of premetastatic niche formation,as well as factors that contribute to the activation of dormant metastases in CRCs.We will pay special attention to the possible mechanisms involved in the formation of circulating tumor cell complexes and the choice of therapeutic strategies that promote the dormancy or destruction of tumor cells in CRCs.

求解Hankel张量方程的修正自适应LM算法

结合经典的LM算法及其变形,提出了求解Hankel张量方程的修正自适应LM算法,并证明其全局收敛性和局部二次收敛性.数值实验验证了所提算法的可行性和有效性.

Stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer with multiple metastases to the small intestine leading to intussusception: A case report

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal tract metastasis from lung cancer is rare and compared to small cell lung cancer(SCLC),non-SCLC(NSCLC)is even less likely to metastasize in this manner.Additionally,small intestinal tumors can also present with diverse complications,some of which require urgent intervention.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we detail a unique case of stage IV lung cancer,where the presence of small intestine tumors led to intussusception.Subsequent to a small intestine resection,pathology confirmed that all three tumors within the small intestine were metastases from adenocarcinoma of the lung.The postoperative follow-up period extended beyond 14 mo.CONCLUSION In patients with stage IV NSCLC,local tumor control can be achieved with various treatments.However,if small intestinal metastasis occurs,surgical intervention remains necessary,as it may improve survival.

Planning Target Volume Margin in Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases

Background: The treatment of brain metastases with radiotherapy has shifted to the use of Stereotactic Radio-surgery (SRS). The technical issue of expanding the treatment volume around the Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) is a current debate. Radiotherapy centers use variable GTV-PTV margins, ranging from one to 2 mm. Material and Methods: We performed a dosimetric comparison in plans of twenty patients using three margins: PTV zero, PTV1, and PTV2. We also developed imaginary Peel volumes. These volumes are described as follows: Peel1 = PTV1 − GTV, Peel2 = PTV2 − GTV. Results: Our results showed that the mean PTV volume differed significantly across the different margins (p = 0.000). The V12 of the brain significantly varied as a function of PTV margin (p = 0.000). The target coverage and plan quality indices were not significantly different. The Peel volume dosimetric analysis showed that the mean dose was significantly higher in the nearby normal brain tissue: Peel1 (p = 0.022) and Peel 2 (p = 0.013). Conclusion: According to our dosimetric analysis, expanding the GTV into a PTV by 1 mm margin is more convenient than 2 mm.

Incidence,Risk Factors,and Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Brain Metastases

Objective Brain metastases significantly impact the clinical course of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study aimed to examine the age-related incidence,demographics,and survival of patients with HCC and brain metastases.Methods Data of HCC patients from 2010 to 2015 in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)Registry were screened for the presence of brain metastases.They were stratified by age and ethnicity.Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with brain metastases and those with overall survival(OS)and liver cancer-specific survival(CSS),respectively.Results A total of 141 HCC patients presenting with brain metastases were identified,accounting for 0.35% of all HCC patients and 2.37% of patients with metastatic disease.Among all HCC patients,the incidence rate was the highest among patients aged 30-49 years old(0.47%).Ethnicity was not associated with the presence of brain metastases at the time of HCC diagnosis.However,African-American patients presented with a significantly lower disease-specific survival[median time:1 month;interquartile range(IQR):0-3.0 months].Initial lung or bone metastasis was independently associated with an increased risk of the presence of brain metastases[odds ratio(OR):12.62,95% confidence interval(CI):8.40-18.97]but was not associated with a worse OS or CSS among those with brain metastases.Conclusion This study identified the age-related incidence and risk factors of brain metastases in HCC patients.These results may contribute to the consideration of brain screening among patients with initial metastatic HCC with lung or bone metastases,and influence the counseling of this patient population regarding their prognosis.

Establishment and evaluation of a prognostic model for patients with unresectable gastric cancer liver metastases

BACKGROUND Liver metastases(LM)is the primary factor contributing to unfavorable outcomes in patients diagnosed with gastric cancer(GC).The objective of this study is to analyze significant prognostic risk factors for patients with GCLM and develop a reliable nomogram model that can accurately predict individualized prognosis,thereby enhancing the ability to evaluate patient outcomes.AIM To analyze prognostic risk factors for GCLM and develop a reliable nomogram model to accurately predict individualized prognosis,thereby enhancing patient outcome assessment.METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data pertaining to GCLM(type III),admitted to the Department of General Surgery across multiple centers of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2010 to January 2018.The dataset was divided into a development cohort and validation cohort in a ratio of 2:1.In the development cohort,we utilized univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify independent risk factors associated with overall survival in GCLM patients.Subsequently,we established a prediction model based on these findings and evaluated its performance using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis,calibration curves,and clinical decision curves.A nomogram was created to visually represent the prediction model,which was then externally validated using the validation cohort.RESULTS A total of 372 patients were included in this study,comprising 248 individuals in the development cohort and 124 individuals in the validation cohort.Based on Cox analysis results,our final prediction model incorporated five independent risk factors including albumin levels,primary tumor size,presence of extrahepatic metastases,surgical treatment status,and chemotherapy administration.The 1-,3-,and 5-years Area Under the Curve values in the development cohort are 0.753,0.859,and 0.909,respectively;whereas in the validation cohort,they are observed to be 0.772,0.848,and 0.923.Furthermore,the calibration curves demonstrated excellent consistency between observed values and actual values.Finally,the decision curve analysis curve indicated substantial net clinical benefit.CONCLUSION Our study identified significant prognostic risk factors for GCLM and developed a reliable nomogram model,demonstrating promising predictive accuracy and potential clinical benefit in evaluating patient outcomes.