AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of methylation of genes in stool samples for diagnosing colorectal tumours.METHODS:Electronic databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Chinese Journals Full-Text Database and Wanfang Jour...AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of methylation of genes in stool samples for diagnosing colorectal tumours.METHODS:Electronic databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Chinese Journals Full-Text Database and Wanfang Journals Full-Text Database were searched to find relevant original articles about methylated genes to be used in diagnosing colorectal tumours. A quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies tool(QADAS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included articles,and the Meta-disc 1.4 and SPSS 13.0 software programs were used for data analysis.RESULTS:Thirty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria,and 4484 patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of colorectal cancer(CRC) were 73%(95%CI:71%-75%) and 92%(95%CI:90%-93%),respectively. For adenoma,the sensitivity and specificity were 51%(95%CI:47%-54%) and 92%(95%CI:90%-93%),respectively. Pooled diagnostic performance of SFRP2 methylation for CRC provided the following results:the sensitivity was 79%(95%CI:75%-82%),the specificity was 93%(95%CI:90%-96%),the diagnostic OR was 47.57(95%CI:20.08-112.72),the area under the curve was 0.9565. Additionally,the results of accuracy of SFRP2 methylation for detecting colorectal adenomas were as follows:sensitivity was 43%(95%CI:38%-49%),specificity was 94%(95%CI:91%-97%),the diagnostic OR was 11.06(95%CI:5.77-21.18),and the area under the curve was 0.9563.CONCLUSION:Stool-based DNA testing may be useful for noninvasively diagnosing colorectal tumours and SFRP2 methylation is a promising marker that has great potential in early CRC diagnosis.展开更多
A dissolution method with robust high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） analysis for im- mediate release tablet formulation was developed and validated to meet the requirement as per Inter- national Conferen...A dissolution method with robust high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） analysis for im- mediate release tablet formulation was developed and validated to meet the requirement as per Inter- national Conference on Harmonization （ICH） and United States Food and Drug Administration （USFDA） guidelines. The method involved the use of Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18 column, and temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. After optimization, the mobile phase was selected as phosphate buffer （KH2PO4, 30 mM） ： ACN （60：40, v/v） with pH 3.0, and retention time Rt was found as 3.24, 4.16, and 2.55 min for paracetamol （PCM）, chlorpheniramine maleate （CPM） and phenylephrine hydrochloride （PH） respec- tively at 265 nm and at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The relative standard deviation （%RSD） for 6 replicate measurements was found to be less than 2%. Furthermore net analyte signal standard addition method （NASSAM） with spectrophotometer was performed for standard and liquid oral suspension. On the basis of selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy analysis, it was confirmed that this novel method could be useful for simultaneous estimation of the given drug combinations. Two-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） was applied for evaluating the statistical difference between the assay results obtained via both NASSAM and RP-HPLC methods and ultimately no significant difference was found between both the methods. All the methods and results were acceptable and confirmed that the method was suitable for intended use.展开更多
A simple and effective way to prepare poly（acrylate）s, such as poly（methacrylate）, poly（butyl acrylate） and poly（butyl methacrylate）, has been achieved by using the single component aluminum-based compounds, s...A simple and effective way to prepare poly（acrylate）s, such as poly（methacrylate）, poly（butyl acrylate） and poly（butyl methacrylate）, has been achieved by using the single component aluminum-based compounds, such as modified methylaluminoxane （MMAO）, triisobutylaluminium （TIBA） and triethylaluminium （TEA） as initiators. Effective initiations and high molecular weight polymers with unimodal molecular weight distributions could be easily obtained by varying the reaction parameters of systems under mild conditions. Although these aluminum compounds were inefficient initiators for methyl methacrylate （MMA） polymerization, they exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for butyl methacrylate （BMA） polymerization, affording high molecular weight poly（BMA）s.展开更多
With the increasing of globalization on social life and economic activities,English has already become one of the basic and essential accomplishments for citizens all over the world.English education,in five-year high...With the increasing of globalization on social life and economic activities,English has already become one of the basic and essential accomplishments for citizens all over the world.English education,in five-year higher vocational education,not only need adapt to the requirements of social and economic development,giving service in order to cultivate high-quality and high-skilled talents,but also should consider students' mental and emotional attitude as well as other factors,thereby meeting their stainable needs in employment and life after graduated.Therefore,the English education of five-year higher vocational education possesses multiply social and cultural significance.Though the analysis and understanding of the course objectives,ideas,contents and implementation suggestions brought up by The English Curriculum Standards of the Five-year Higher Vocational Education in Jiangsu Province,this paper explores the educational methods of higher vocational English reading lessons.展开更多
This paper discusses the application of the boundary contour method for resolving plate bending problems. The exploitation of the integrand divergence free property of the plate bending boundary integral equation base...This paper discusses the application of the boundary contour method for resolving plate bending problems. The exploitation of the integrand divergence free property of the plate bending boundary integral equation based on the Kirehhoff hypothesis and a very useful application of Stokes' Theorem are presented to convert surface integrals on boundary elements to the computation of bonding potential functions on the discretized boundary points, even for curved surface elements of arbitrary shape. Singularity and treatment of the discontinued corner point are not needed at all. The evaluation of the physics variant at internal points is also shown in this article. Numerical results are presented for some plate bonding problems and compared against analytical and previous solutions.展开更多
Objective Improving the traditional Tennsion method to explore more reasonable re pair method for unilateral cleft lip.Methods37cases were operated to reconstruct the ala nasi and upper lip philtrum r idge form with r...Objective Improving the traditional Tennsion method to explore more reasonable re pair method for unilateral cleft lip.Methods37cases were operated to reconstruct the ala nasi and upper lip philtrum r idge form with rotatory alae nasi triangle flap plus improved Tennsion method,and compared the operational results with that of traditional Tennsion method.Results The improved Tennison method acquir ed a more beautiful nose and upper lip,it rehabilitated the ala nasi and restored t he physiological function of the orb iculars muscle.Conclusion Improved Tennsion method wins an essentially satisfactory operational result of unilateral cleft lip.展开更多
We present a domain decomposition method （DDM） devoted to the iterative solution of time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems, involving large and resonant cavities. This DDM uses the electric field integral...We present a domain decomposition method （DDM） devoted to the iterative solution of time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems, involving large and resonant cavities. This DDM uses the electric field integral equation （EFIE） for the solution of Maxwell problems in both interior and exterior subdomains, and we propose a simple preconditioner for the global method, based on the single layer operator restricted to the fictitious interface between the two subdomains.展开更多
胞嘧啶甲基化是DNA表观遗传修饰的主要类型之一,在维持正常细胞功能和调控基因表达中具有重要作用。重亚硫酸盐测序法(bisulfite sequencing PCR,BSP)是特异性位点DNA甲基化检测的通用方法,能明确目的片段中每一个CpG位点的甲基化状态,...胞嘧啶甲基化是DNA表观遗传修饰的主要类型之一,在维持正常细胞功能和调控基因表达中具有重要作用。重亚硫酸盐测序法(bisulfite sequencing PCR,BSP)是特异性位点DNA甲基化检测的通用方法,能明确目的片段中每一个CpG位点的甲基化状态,但此方法需要大量的单克隆测序,操作过程较繁琐、成本昂贵。因此,开发准确、高效、便捷的DNA甲基化检测技术对提升表观遗传研究效率具有重要意义。基于本课题组开发的高通量突变类型检测平台Hi-TOM(high-throughput tracking of mutations),我们进一步建立了特定位点DNA甲基化高通量检测平台Hi-Meth(high-throughput detection of DNA methylation)。DNA样品通过重亚硫酸盐处理之后,仅需一轮PCR扩增即可通过Hi-Meth平台获得特定位点DNA甲基化分析结果。利用Hi-Meth平台,对水稻不同基因启动子区域进行了DNA甲基化检测分析,并与基于BSP方法获得的结果进行了比较。结果表明,Hi-Meth策略与BSP策略检测结果基本一致。而且通过Hi-Meth平台可以更准确、便捷地获得特异性位点DNA甲基化分析结果。综上所述,Hi-Meth为特定DNA区域提供了重要的甲基化检测平台,对表观遗传研究具有重要意义。展开更多
This paper presents a 3D path planning algorithm for an unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） in complex environments. In this algorithm, the environments are divided into voxels by octree algorithm. In order to satisfy the...This paper presents a 3D path planning algorithm for an unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） in complex environments. In this algorithm, the environments are divided into voxels by octree algorithm. In order to satisfy the safety requirement of the UAV, free space is represented by free voxels, which have enough space margin for the UAV to pass through. A bounding box array is created in the whole 3D space to evaluate the free voxel connectivity. The probabilistic roadmap method （PRM） is improved by random sampling in the bounding box array to ensure a more efficient distribution of roadmap nodes in 3D space. According to the connectivity evaluation, the roadmap is used to plan a feasible path by using A＊ algorithm. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid in complex 3D environments.展开更多
Behavioral adjustment plays an important role in the treatment and relapse of drug addiction. Nonetheless,few studies have examined behavioral adjustment and its plasticity following error commission in methamphetamin...Behavioral adjustment plays an important role in the treatment and relapse of drug addiction. Nonetheless,few studies have examined behavioral adjustment and its plasticity following error commission in methamphetamine（METH） dependence, which is detrimental to human health. Thus, we investigated the behavioral adjustment performance following error commission in long-term METH addicts and how it varied with the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（r TMS） of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC）. Twenty-nine male long-term METH addicts（for [ 3 years） were randomly assigned to high-frequency（10 Hz, n = 15） or sham（n = 14） r TMS of the left DLPFC during a two-choice oddball task. Twenty-six age-matched, healthy male adults participated in the two-choice oddball task pretest to establish normal performance for comparison. The results showed that 10 Hz r TMS over the left DLPFC significantly decreased the post-error slowing effect in response times of METH addicts. In addition, the 10 Hz r TMS intervention remarkably reduced the reaction times during post-error trials but not post-correct trials. While the 10 Hz r TMS group showed a more pronounced post-error slowing effect than the healthy participants during the pretest, the posterror slowing effect in the posttest of this sample was similar to that in the healthy participants. These results suggest that high-frequency r TMS over the left DLPFC is a useful protocol for the improvement of behavioral adjustment after error commission in long-term METH addicts.展开更多
文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of methylation of genes in stool samples for diagnosing colorectal tumours.METHODS:Electronic databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Chinese Journals Full-Text Database and Wanfang Journals Full-Text Database were searched to find relevant original articles about methylated genes to be used in diagnosing colorectal tumours. A quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies tool(QADAS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included articles,and the Meta-disc 1.4 and SPSS 13.0 software programs were used for data analysis.RESULTS:Thirty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria,and 4484 patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of colorectal cancer(CRC) were 73%(95%CI:71%-75%) and 92%(95%CI:90%-93%),respectively. For adenoma,the sensitivity and specificity were 51%(95%CI:47%-54%) and 92%(95%CI:90%-93%),respectively. Pooled diagnostic performance of SFRP2 methylation for CRC provided the following results:the sensitivity was 79%(95%CI:75%-82%),the specificity was 93%(95%CI:90%-96%),the diagnostic OR was 47.57(95%CI:20.08-112.72),the area under the curve was 0.9565. Additionally,the results of accuracy of SFRP2 methylation for detecting colorectal adenomas were as follows:sensitivity was 43%(95%CI:38%-49%),specificity was 94%(95%CI:91%-97%),the diagnostic OR was 11.06(95%CI:5.77-21.18),and the area under the curve was 0.9563.CONCLUSION:Stool-based DNA testing may be useful for noninvasively diagnosing colorectal tumours and SFRP2 methylation is a promising marker that has great potential in early CRC diagnosis.
文摘A dissolution method with robust high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） analysis for im- mediate release tablet formulation was developed and validated to meet the requirement as per Inter- national Conference on Harmonization （ICH） and United States Food and Drug Administration （USFDA） guidelines. The method involved the use of Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18 column, and temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. After optimization, the mobile phase was selected as phosphate buffer （KH2PO4, 30 mM） ： ACN （60：40, v/v） with pH 3.0, and retention time Rt was found as 3.24, 4.16, and 2.55 min for paracetamol （PCM）, chlorpheniramine maleate （CPM） and phenylephrine hydrochloride （PH） respec- tively at 265 nm and at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The relative standard deviation （%RSD） for 6 replicate measurements was found to be less than 2%. Furthermore net analyte signal standard addition method （NASSAM） with spectrophotometer was performed for standard and liquid oral suspension. On the basis of selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy analysis, it was confirmed that this novel method could be useful for simultaneous estimation of the given drug combinations. Two-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） was applied for evaluating the statistical difference between the assay results obtained via both NASSAM and RP-HPLC methods and ultimately no significant difference was found between both the methods. All the methods and results were acceptable and confirmed that the method was suitable for intended use.
基金supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects(No.2005CB623800) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘A simple and effective way to prepare poly（acrylate）s, such as poly（methacrylate）, poly（butyl acrylate） and poly（butyl methacrylate）, has been achieved by using the single component aluminum-based compounds, such as modified methylaluminoxane （MMAO）, triisobutylaluminium （TIBA） and triethylaluminium （TEA） as initiators. Effective initiations and high molecular weight polymers with unimodal molecular weight distributions could be easily obtained by varying the reaction parameters of systems under mild conditions. Although these aluminum compounds were inefficient initiators for methyl methacrylate （MMA） polymerization, they exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for butyl methacrylate （BMA） polymerization, affording high molecular weight poly（BMA）s.
文摘With the increasing of globalization on social life and economic activities,English has already become one of the basic and essential accomplishments for citizens all over the world.English education,in five-year higher vocational education,not only need adapt to the requirements of social and economic development,giving service in order to cultivate high-quality and high-skilled talents,but also should consider students' mental and emotional attitude as well as other factors,thereby meeting their stainable needs in employment and life after graduated.Therefore,the English education of five-year higher vocational education possesses multiply social and cultural significance.Though the analysis and understanding of the course objectives,ideas,contents and implementation suggestions brought up by The English Curriculum Standards of the Five-year Higher Vocational Education in Jiangsu Province,this paper explores the educational methods of higher vocational English reading lessons.
文摘This paper discusses the application of the boundary contour method for resolving plate bending problems. The exploitation of the integrand divergence free property of the plate bending boundary integral equation based on the Kirehhoff hypothesis and a very useful application of Stokes' Theorem are presented to convert surface integrals on boundary elements to the computation of bonding potential functions on the discretized boundary points, even for curved surface elements of arbitrary shape. Singularity and treatment of the discontinued corner point are not needed at all. The evaluation of the physics variant at internal points is also shown in this article. Numerical results are presented for some plate bonding problems and compared against analytical and previous solutions.
文摘Objective Improving the traditional Tennsion method to explore more reasonable re pair method for unilateral cleft lip.Methods37cases were operated to reconstruct the ala nasi and upper lip philtrum r idge form with rotatory alae nasi triangle flap plus improved Tennsion method,and compared the operational results with that of traditional Tennsion method.Results The improved Tennison method acquir ed a more beautiful nose and upper lip,it rehabilitated the ala nasi and restored t he physiological function of the orb iculars muscle.Conclusion Improved Tennsion method wins an essentially satisfactory operational result of unilateral cleft lip.
文摘We present a domain decomposition method （DDM） devoted to the iterative solution of time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems, involving large and resonant cavities. This DDM uses the electric field integral equation （EFIE） for the solution of Maxwell problems in both interior and exterior subdomains, and we propose a simple preconditioner for the global method, based on the single layer operator restricted to the fictitious interface between the two subdomains.
文摘胞嘧啶甲基化是DNA表观遗传修饰的主要类型之一,在维持正常细胞功能和调控基因表达中具有重要作用。重亚硫酸盐测序法(bisulfite sequencing PCR,BSP)是特异性位点DNA甲基化检测的通用方法,能明确目的片段中每一个CpG位点的甲基化状态,但此方法需要大量的单克隆测序,操作过程较繁琐、成本昂贵。因此,开发准确、高效、便捷的DNA甲基化检测技术对提升表观遗传研究效率具有重要意义。基于本课题组开发的高通量突变类型检测平台Hi-TOM(high-throughput tracking of mutations),我们进一步建立了特定位点DNA甲基化高通量检测平台Hi-Meth(high-throughput detection of DNA methylation)。DNA样品通过重亚硫酸盐处理之后,仅需一轮PCR扩增即可通过Hi-Meth平台获得特定位点DNA甲基化分析结果。利用Hi-Meth平台,对水稻不同基因启动子区域进行了DNA甲基化检测分析,并与基于BSP方法获得的结果进行了比较。结果表明,Hi-Meth策略与BSP策略检测结果基本一致。而且通过Hi-Meth平台可以更准确、便捷地获得特异性位点DNA甲基化分析结果。综上所述,Hi-Meth为特定DNA区域提供了重要的甲基化检测平台,对表观遗传研究具有重要意义。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61305128)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and U.S.Army Research Ofce(No.W911NF-091-0565)
文摘This paper presents a 3D path planning algorithm for an unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） in complex environments. In this algorithm, the environments are divided into voxels by octree algorithm. In order to satisfy the safety requirement of the UAV, free space is represented by free voxels, which have enough space margin for the UAV to pass through. A bounding box array is created in the whole 3D space to evaluate the free voxel connectivity. The probabilistic roadmap method （PRM） is improved by random sampling in the bounding box array to ensure a more efficient distribution of roadmap nodes in 3D space. According to the connectivity evaluation, the roadmap is used to plan a feasible path by using A＊ algorithm. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid in complex 3D environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371042, 31400906 and 31600886)the Key Program of the Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province, China (17AJ90002)
文摘Behavioral adjustment plays an important role in the treatment and relapse of drug addiction. Nonetheless,few studies have examined behavioral adjustment and its plasticity following error commission in methamphetamine（METH） dependence, which is detrimental to human health. Thus, we investigated the behavioral adjustment performance following error commission in long-term METH addicts and how it varied with the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（r TMS） of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC）. Twenty-nine male long-term METH addicts（for [ 3 years） were randomly assigned to high-frequency（10 Hz, n = 15） or sham（n = 14） r TMS of the left DLPFC during a two-choice oddball task. Twenty-six age-matched, healthy male adults participated in the two-choice oddball task pretest to establish normal performance for comparison. The results showed that 10 Hz r TMS over the left DLPFC significantly decreased the post-error slowing effect in response times of METH addicts. In addition, the 10 Hz r TMS intervention remarkably reduced the reaction times during post-error trials but not post-correct trials. While the 10 Hz r TMS group showed a more pronounced post-error slowing effect than the healthy participants during the pretest, the posterror slowing effect in the posttest of this sample was similar to that in the healthy participants. These results suggest that high-frequency r TMS over the left DLPFC is a useful protocol for the improvement of behavioral adjustment after error commission in long-term METH addicts.
