Landscape Architecture Planning and Design Based on Landscape Ecology Theory:A Case Study of Waterfront Landscape Planning and Design of Dapo Town

With the rapid development of urbanization,landscape architecture has become an indispensable component of daily life.In order to achieve better landscape effects and protect the ecological environment,landscape ecology theory can be integrated into landscape planning to carry out disciplinary crossing and integration research between landscape ecology and landscape architecture.In this study,based on the basic theories of landscape ecology,the waterfront landscape of Dapo Town was designed,with the aim to achieve ecological balance in planning,showcase biodiversity,and create a harmonious landscape ecological environment which can benefit both nature and people.This design combined artificial and natural elements while improving the natural environment,which promoted a harmonious relationship between humans and nature,thus enriching the spatial organization of the city,and playing a role in regulating the urban environment and climate.

Design Theory and Method of Complex Products:A Review

Design is a high-level and complex thinking activity of human beings,using existing knowledge and technology to solve problems and create new things.With the rise and development of intelligent manufacturing,design has increasingly reflected its importance in the product life cycle.Firstly,the concept and connotation of complex product design is expounded systematically,and the different types of design are discussed.The four schools of design theory are introduced,including universal design,axiomatic design,TRIZ and general design.Then the research status of complex product design is analyzed,such as innovative design,digital design,modular design,reliability optimization design,etc.Finally,three key scientific issues worthy of research in the future are indicated,and five research trends of“newer,better,smarter,faster,and greener”are summarized,aiming to provide references for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.

Preliminary Discussion on Application of “3W” Teaching Method in Architectural Design Course

Architectural design course is the main course of architecture major.“Master-apprentice” guidance is the main mode of architectural design course teaching.How to teach between teachers and apprentices? Architectural design teachers in different colleges and universities do not have a unified approach,which easily leads to confusion in teaching.This study put forward “ 3W ” teaching method,and made a preliminary discussion on its concept,structure and application.“ 3W ” method is a method that the architectural design instructor uses three progressive questions to guide the whole process of architectural design.Through a detailed discussion of the three questions,it showed that this method was a building design guiding method with simple operation,easy grasp and adaptability.

Based on Design Method of Regional Architecture

In face of energy crisis,raw materials exhaustion,environmental pollution and other environmental issues caused by the current social and economic development model,theory and method of regional architecture have been noted and studied by persons in the field of architecture and ecology.In the paper,the author analyzes architectural region,interprets regional architecture of Mario Botta and summarizes organic theory with a view to recognizing the importance of regional architecture method and reflecting on the significance of architectural region theories at the present times under the background of current globalization and information era.

The Conceptual Design Method for a Pumping Unit Based on QFD and TRIZ

Quality function deployment （QFD） is a quality system, that can help to design novel products that meet customers＇ needs. Theory of inventive problem solving （TRIZ） is a very powerful tool in helping to solve difficult technical problems encountered in the design process. Introducing QFD and TRIZ into the conceptual design of the pumping unit combines advantages of these two theories, therefore meeting different demands of different users. It can tell us “What should we do it” with QFD and “How should we do it” with TRIZ. The conceptual design method, which is based on QFD and TRIZ, is introduced andused to analyze and evaluate the conceptual design project of a pumping unit.

RHOMBUS THINKING METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION IN SCHEME DESIGN

Rhombus thinking, a new creative thinking method,is the combination of divergent thinking process and convergent thinking process,in which qualitative analysis is carried out before quantitative analysis This method tries to solve the bottle neck problem in intelligent CAD based on the extension theory The rhombus thinking method to the scheme design of new products is applied In this process, firstly, the matter element expression for the know information are set up, and then a set of matter elements are opened up by matter elements extension method; Finally,the useful information are got by appraisal method of dependent degree It has been successfully applied to the scheme design for the cutter store of machining center Theoretical and experimental results demonstrated fhat the method is much more accurate,objective and efficient than the traditional one

Theories and Methods of Landscape Architecture Heritage Protection

This paper firstly made an overview of foreign and domestic theories and methods of landscape architecture heritage protection.It studied the landscape architecture heritage from policies and regulations,investment management,talent cultivation,and popular science education.Then,it discussed problems of landscape architecture heritage protection in China:lack of legislation,weak awareness of heritage resources,overdevelopment of heritage resources,and vacancy in management and monitoring of heritage resources.Finally,it came up with recommendations that competent authorities of Chinese government should attach greater importance to heritage management,talent cultivation,and fund input,integrate with advanced management methods of developed countries,and exploring a landscape architecture heritage protection and management mode suitable for national conditions of China at levels of thought,methods,and technology.

Estimating Design Loads with Environmental Contour Approach Using Copulas for an Offshore Jacket Platform

Jacket-type offshore platforms are widely used for oil, gas field, and energy development in shallow water. The design of a jacket structure is highly dependent on target environmental variables. This study focuses on a strategy to estimate design loads for offshore jacket structures based on an environmental contour approach. In addition to the popular conditional distribution model, various classes of bivariate copulas are adopted to construct joint distributions of environmental variables. Analytical formulations of environmental contours based on various models are presented and discussed in this study. The design loads are examined by dynamic response analysis of jacket platform. Results suggest that the conditional model is not recommended for use in estimating design loads in sampling locations due to poor fitting results. Independent copula produces conservative design loads and the extreme response obtained using the conditional model are smaller than those determined by copulas. The suitability of a model for contour construction varies with the origin of wave data. This study provides a reference for the design load estimation of jacket structures and offers an alternative procedure to determine the design criteria for offshore structures.

Study on the System Design of Multiple Expert Systems Integrated Decision Support System

There has been an increasing interest in integrating decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES) to provide decision makers a more accessible, productive and domain-independent information and computing environment. This paper is aimed at designing a multiple expert systems integrated decision support system (MESIDSS) to enhance decision makers' ability in more complex cases. The basic framework, management system of multiple ESs, and functions of MESIDSS are presented. The applications of MESIDSS in large-scale decision making processes are discussed from the following aspects of problem decomposing, dynamic combination of multiple ESs, link of multiple bases and decision coordinating. Finally, a summary and some ideas for the future are presented.

Robust optimization design on impeller of mixed-flow pump

To increase the robustness of the optimization solutions of the mixed-flow pump,the impeller was firstly indirectly parameterized based on the 2D blade design theory.Secondly,the robustness of the optimization solution was mathematically defined,and then calculated by Monte Carlo sampling method.Thirdly,the optimization on the mixed-flow pump′s impeller was decomposed into the optimal and robust sub-optimization problems,to maximize the pump head and efficiency and minimize the fluctuation degree of them under varying working conditions at the same time.Fourthly,using response surface model,a surrogate model was established between the optimization objectives and control variables of the shape of the impeller.Finally,based on a multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm,a two-loop iterative optimization process was designed to find the optimal solution with good robustness.Comparing the original and optimized pump,it is found that the internal flow field of the optimized pump has been improved under various operating conditions,the hydraulic performance has been improved consequently,and the range of high efficient zone has also been widened.Besides,with the changing of working conditions,the change trend of the hydraulic performance of the optimized pump becomes gentler,the flow field distribution is more uniform,and the influence degree of the varia-tion of working conditions decreases,and the operating stability of the pump is improved.It is concluded that the robust optimization method proposed in this paper is a reasonable way to optimize the mixed-flow pump,and provides references for optimization problems of other fluid machinery.

Web-Based Synthetic Optimization Design System of Micro-Components

In order to meet the requirement of network synthesis optimization design for a micro component, a three-level information frame and functional module based on web was proposed. Firstly, the finite element method (FEM) was used to analyze the dynamic property of coupled-energy-domain of virtual prototype instances and to obtain some optimal information data. Secondly, the rough set theory (RST) and the genetic algorithm (GA) were used to work out the reduction of attributes and the acquisition of principle of optimality and to confirm key variable and restriction condition in the synthesis optimization design. Finally, the regression analysis (RA) and GA were used to establish the synthesis optimization design model and carry on the optimization design. A corresponding prototype system was also developed and the synthesis optimization design of a thermal actuated micro-pump was carried out as a demonstration in this paper.

基于虚拟仿真平台的线上线下混合式教学研究

伴随着大数据时代的来临,高等教育模式正面临着重大改革。为提高相似理论与相似方法课程的教学效果与质量,该文构建基于虚拟仿真平台的线上线下混合式教学模式,从课前学习、课上教学、课堂讨论和课后辅导等方面对混合式教学进行综合的论述,通过教学反思,对教学模式提出相应建议与心得,以期更好地提高学生学习的效率,为混合式教育模式的改革分享经验。

纤维增强复合材料加固混凝土桥梁结构研究进展

为总结纤维增强复合材料(FRP)在混凝土桥梁加固中的研究成果,拓宽FRP加固桥梁的思路,推动其在桥梁加固领域的广泛应用,阐述了FRP加固方法的发展及其特点,系统梳理了FRP加固方法在混凝土桥梁的研究进展。根据加固机理的不同,从抗弯加固、抗剪加固、抗压加固三方面加以归纳总结,介绍了几种常见的FRP加固方式、影响因素、破坏模式及其设计理论;分析了当前研究的不足,由此提出了一些可以继续深入研究的问题。结果表明:目前研究较多的有外贴FRP法、预应力FRP技术、表层嵌入法、FRP网格加固技术,其在不同的设计参数和使用条件下呈现出不同的破坏模式;外贴FRP片材容易过早发生剥离破坏,可以通过一些锚固措施提升界面黏结性,其中HB-FRP加固技术的锚固效果最好;预应力FRP加固技术因具有较高的材料强度利用率而展现出良好的应用前景;后续应深入研究FRP加固设计理论,综合考虑各参数对加固结构性能的影响,建立统一可靠且实用的计算模型;应进一步研究既有混凝土加固结构在多因素耦合作用下的长期性能和耐久性能,完善FRP加固混凝土桥梁设计方法和规范体系。

中国风景园林理论体系建设回顾与展望

【目的】梳理20世纪80年代以来中国风景园林理论体系研究的内容及发展脉络,综合评析风景园林理论体系建设的发展水平,以期为进一步推动风景园林理论体系建设提供思路,从而促进学科理论、方法和技术的发展。【方法】从理论体系建构的不同视角或维度出发,归纳、比较和反思中国风景园林理论体系建设的途径、思路和方法,发掘看待风景园林理论与实践相关现象的不同方式。【结果】辨别和剖析了传统体系、设计体系、空间体系、知识体系、学科体系5种理论体系的异同与关联,以及对学科理论发展的影响和作用,并剖析了学科理论发展过程中存在的诸多问题。【结论】理论体系的建构能够促进对学科内在和外在关系的思考,可视为中国风景园林学科与专业理论发展的结晶,借此把握学科理论的发展动向,并以开放式的答案与认知面对当前的困境。

基于FSRce模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法

针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法。首先,从案例库中选择合适的功能和结构对现有产品设计树中的节点进行扩展和关联;同时通过数据挖掘、专家打分等方法获得产品的客户和环境需求重要度,以构建基于FSRce模型的产品概念设计空间。然后,先利用加权区间粗糙数法对客户和环境需求重要度进行分析,得到需求相对重要度,再运用模糊质量功能展开(fuzzy quality function deployment,FQFD)将需求相对重要度转化为产品的工程特性权重。最后,利用物元理论构建基于工程特性的产品物元域和各结构物元集,并结合工程特性权重得到各结构的满意度分值,通过比较满意度优选得到满足客户和环境需求的产品概念设计方案。以某小型工业吹风机为例,基于上述方法对其概念设计方案进行优化。相比于原始方案,优化后的吹风机在能源消耗上降低了15.38%,在碳排放上降低了15.32%,且客户满意度提高了44.66%,由此验证了所提出方法的可行性与有效性。所提出的方法为机电产品概念设计方案的生成提供了一种新思路,能更好地辅助设计人员实现对机电产品的绿色设计。

儿童校园建筑色彩设计综述

校园是儿童学习、生活的重要场所,其环境对儿童起着培养、引导的作用。色彩作为建筑环境的重要构成要素,其选择与设计直接关系到儿童的教育与成长。文章从儿童校园建筑色彩对儿童心理、生理产生的影响出发,对儿童校园建筑色彩设计研究的理论基础进行了梳理和分析,进而从不同角度总结概括了儿童校园建筑色彩的设计原则与设计策略。最后对儿童校园建筑色彩设计的实践过程进行了总结,并对其未来发展方向提出了展望,旨在为儿童校园建筑色彩设计方法研究提供参考。

基于民系民居文化理论的中国本土建筑史学研究方法自主建构与范式变革

民系民居文化理论形成于20世纪90年代,源自陆元鼎先生的国家自然科学基金“南方民系、民居与现代村镇居住模式研究”,是中华民族形成时代背景下构建的一种以中华民族支系(民系)为文化牵引的关注民居建筑本体的建筑学文化研究方法。民系民居文化理论具有自主知识体系形构的方法根基,是当代中国本土建筑学与人居环境科学学科体系、学术体系、话语体系的核心表达,呈现出知识体系自主建构的新时代诉求。不仅如此,以民系民居文化理论形成的现代语境为基础,中国近现代建筑史学发展阶段经历了从民族主义建构下的文化规范确立,到实证主义统摄下的系统规律探索,再到当今极具后现代性的对人居环境意义的探寻三大历史阶段,从价值论的角度探寻其范式变革则呈现出从“民族主义中心论”到“实证主义中心论”再到“人本主义延伸论”的范式转移。研究最后从中国历史建筑研究中的民族文化规范确立、中国实证建筑学研究中的科学文化观主导、中国当代建筑史学研究中的“后现代性”呈现3个阶段,解读中国现代建筑史学框架下民系民居文化理论从建筑的文化规范到聚居的文化意义之范式变迁的历程。

岭南山水之间的“两观三性”融合营造——广州国家版本馆

中国国家版本馆项目是纳入国家“十四五”规划的重大文化传世工程。中华版本传世工程聚焦展示大国形象、坚定文化自信、赓续中华文脉、推动文明对话的功能定位。中国国家版本馆广州分馆设计团队运用“两观三性”建筑理论作为总体指导思想,提出“中华典藏、岭南山水、时代新韵、文明灯塔”的总体设计构思,连贯打通规划与布局、建筑与空间、环境与景观、工法与细部、绿色生态智慧技术等多个设计维度,融合营造岭南山水之间的中华文化殿堂。