目的探讨单核细胞单层实验(monocyte monolayer assay,MMA)是否能够用于IgG抗-M相关胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn,HDFN)的预测。方法选取8例含有IgG抗-M的孕妇并采集血浆标本,其中有胎儿水肿等严重临床症...目的探讨单核细胞单层实验(monocyte monolayer assay,MMA)是否能够用于IgG抗-M相关胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn,HDFN)的预测。方法选取8例含有IgG抗-M的孕妇并采集血浆标本,其中有胎儿水肿等严重临床症状及无明显临床症状的各4例;8份血浆用二硫苏糖醇(dithiothreitol,DTT)灭活,与M抗原阳性红细胞孵育致敏后,将致敏红细胞与单核细胞混合进行吞噬试验,同时设立阳性及阴性对照,并计算吞噬率;采用t检验对2组吞噬率进行比较。结果4例发生严重抗-M相关HDFN的孕妇的MMA吞噬率分别为15.37%、13.05%、9.17%和24.50%,均值为15.52%;检出IgG抗-M但未发生HDFN的孕妇,其MMA吞噬率分别为8.74%、11.07%、5.12%和6.23%,均值为7.79%,2组吞噬率无差异(P>0.05)。2组吞噬率分别与阴性对照比较均无差异(P>0.05),但均明显低于阳性对照(P<0.05)。结论IgG抗-M介导单核细胞吞噬的能力较低,提示抗-M导致胎儿水肿的机制可能并非红细胞被吞噬破坏而发生的溶血,因此体外单核细胞单层实验可能不适用于IgG抗-M相关HDFN的预测。对于检出IgG抗-M的孕妇,现仍需通过定期监测胎儿大脑中动脉血流,来判断胎儿宫内贫血情况。展开更多
The waterborne polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsions modified by methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl acrylate(BA)copolymer were synthesized by using 1,4-butanediol(BDO),dimethylopropionic(DMPA)and adipic dihyrazide(ADH...The waterborne polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsions modified by methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl acrylate(BA)copolymer were synthesized by using 1,4-butanediol(BDO),dimethylopropionic(DMPA)and adipic dihyrazide(ADH)as chain extenders.The effects of the amounts of BA and diacetone acrylamide(DAAM)on the properties of hybrid emulsions,films and adhesive were studied.The structure of the hybrid emulsions was characterized with Fourier transform infrared(FTIR).The experiment results showed that when the amount of BA was 4.0%—6.0%,that of DAAM was 2.0%—3.0%,the properties of the hybrid emulsion,films and adhesive were satisfactory.The adhesive which was made by polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsion with a better adhesive for wood.展开更多
The methyl methacrylate(MMA) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) was investigated. β-CD is found to act both as an efficient so...The methyl methacrylate(MMA) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) was investigated. β-CD is found to act both as an efficient solubilizer for RAFT agent(2-cyanopro-2-yl dithiobenzoate) and as a stabilizer for heterogeneous polymerization. The RAFT miniemulsion polymerizations with or without β-CD were compared in terms of kinetics and the molecular weight distribution. The problem of poor latex stability was observed in this system. A good result of the control over RAFT miniemulsion polymerization of MMA was obtained with β-CD. The increase of the molecular weight of poly(methyl methacrylate) shows a linear relationship with the monomer conversion. The polydispersity index of the polymer with β-CD(PDI=1.18—1.21) is smaller than that without β-CD. TEM photographs showed that the PMMA particles produced with β-CD had smooth surfaces and uniform particle size. Higher amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecane was found in favor of improving the controllability of the system. Oil soluble initiator is beneficial to the controllability of the polymerization.展开更多
文摘目的探讨单核细胞单层实验(monocyte monolayer assay,MMA)是否能够用于IgG抗-M相关胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn,HDFN)的预测。方法选取8例含有IgG抗-M的孕妇并采集血浆标本,其中有胎儿水肿等严重临床症状及无明显临床症状的各4例;8份血浆用二硫苏糖醇(dithiothreitol,DTT)灭活,与M抗原阳性红细胞孵育致敏后,将致敏红细胞与单核细胞混合进行吞噬试验,同时设立阳性及阴性对照,并计算吞噬率;采用t检验对2组吞噬率进行比较。结果4例发生严重抗-M相关HDFN的孕妇的MMA吞噬率分别为15.37%、13.05%、9.17%和24.50%,均值为15.52%;检出IgG抗-M但未发生HDFN的孕妇,其MMA吞噬率分别为8.74%、11.07%、5.12%和6.23%,均值为7.79%,2组吞噬率无差异(P>0.05)。2组吞噬率分别与阴性对照比较均无差异(P>0.05),但均明显低于阳性对照(P<0.05)。结论IgG抗-M介导单核细胞吞噬的能力较低,提示抗-M导致胎儿水肿的机制可能并非红细胞被吞噬破坏而发生的溶血,因此体外单核细胞单层实验可能不适用于IgG抗-M相关HDFN的预测。对于检出IgG抗-M的孕妇,现仍需通过定期监测胎儿大脑中动脉血流,来判断胎儿宫内贫血情况。
文摘The waterborne polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsions modified by methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl acrylate(BA)copolymer were synthesized by using 1,4-butanediol(BDO),dimethylopropionic(DMPA)and adipic dihyrazide(ADH)as chain extenders.The effects of the amounts of BA and diacetone acrylamide(DAAM)on the properties of hybrid emulsions,films and adhesive were studied.The structure of the hybrid emulsions was characterized with Fourier transform infrared(FTIR).The experiment results showed that when the amount of BA was 4.0%—6.0%,that of DAAM was 2.0%—3.0%,the properties of the hybrid emulsion,films and adhesive were satisfactory.The adhesive which was made by polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsion with a better adhesive for wood.
文摘The methyl methacrylate(MMA) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) was investigated. β-CD is found to act both as an efficient solubilizer for RAFT agent(2-cyanopro-2-yl dithiobenzoate) and as a stabilizer for heterogeneous polymerization. The RAFT miniemulsion polymerizations with or without β-CD were compared in terms of kinetics and the molecular weight distribution. The problem of poor latex stability was observed in this system. A good result of the control over RAFT miniemulsion polymerization of MMA was obtained with β-CD. The increase of the molecular weight of poly(methyl methacrylate) shows a linear relationship with the monomer conversion. The polydispersity index of the polymer with β-CD(PDI=1.18—1.21) is smaller than that without β-CD. TEM photographs showed that the PMMA particles produced with β-CD had smooth surfaces and uniform particle size. Higher amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecane was found in favor of improving the controllability of the system. Oil soluble initiator is beneficial to the controllability of the polymerization.
