miR-495 andmiR-5688 are down-regulated in non-small cell lung cancer under hypoxia to maintain interleukin-11 expression

Background:Hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with poor prognosis.However,the molecular mechanism by which hypoxia promotes tumor progression remains unclear.MicroRNAs dysregulation has been shown to play a critical role in the tumor and tumor microenvironment.Here,we investigated the roles ofmiR-495 and miR-5688 in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their underlying mechanism.Methods:The expression levels of miR-495 and miR-5688 in human NSCLC tissue specimens were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Deferoxamine(DFO)was used to determine whether the regulation of miR-495 and miR-5688 under hypoxia was dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF-1α).Furthermore,the functions of miR-495 and miR-5688 in tumor progression were evaluated using colony formation,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2Htetrazolium(MTS),wound healing,transwell assays,and xenograft model.Two algorithms,PicTAR and Targetscan,were used to predict the target gene of these two miRNAs,and dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target.The unpaired two-tailed t test,Pearson correlation analysis,and Fisher’s exact probability test were performed for statistical analyses.Results:Two miRNAs,miR-495 and miR-5688,were found to participate in NSCLC progression under hypoxia.They were down-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with normal tissues.We determined that hypoxia led to the down-regulation of miR-495 and miR-5688 in NSCLC cells,which was independent of HIF-1αand cellular metabolic energy.In addition,miR-495 and miR-5688 suppressed cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in vitro.The NSCLC xenograft model showed that miR-495 and miR-5688 inhibited tumor formation in vivo.Interestingly,we found that miR-495 and miR-5688 had the same target,interleukin-11(IL-11).Recombinant human IL-11 counteracted the effects of miR-495 and miR-5688 on NSCLC cells,suggesting that miR-495 and miR-5688 executed their tumor suppressive role by repressing IL-11 expression.Conclusion:We found that hypoxia down-regulated the expression levels of miR-495 and miR-5688 in NSCLCto enhance IL-11 expression and tumor progression,indicating that the miR-495/miR-5688/IL-11 axismay serve as a therapeutic target and potential biomarker for NSCLC.

hsa-miR-5688在肝细胞癌中靶途径预测体系的构建与验证

目的构建并预测在原发性肝细胞癌(肝癌)中hsa-miR-5688的靶途径及调控机制,并通过TCAG数据库和串联质量标签(TMT)标记LC-MS/MS蛋白质测序方法验证其结果,以期构建准确高效的微小RNA(miRNA,miR)靶途径预测方案。方法通过五大线上数据库筛选hsa-miR-5688靶基因,对细胞定位、分子功能、信号通路、疾病、组织表达和基因互作进行富集分析,构建分析策略,预测其靶途径及调控机制。利用TCAG数据库分析调控途径中靶基因的mRNA表达量、突变频率和生存曲线;基于肝癌复发和预后良好的肝癌组织标本,应用TMT标记蛋白质结合LC-MS/MS方法对靶途径中的互作蛋白进行定量检测,以验证预测体系的正确性。结果预测获得hsa-miR-5688调控的靶基因,包括信使RNA(mRNA)3031个,环状RNA(circRNA)1511个;代谢通路、细胞定位、分子功能、疾病、组织表达等富集结果经多重分析发现,靶基因RHOBTB1和UBE2W共同参与的泛素化蛋白降解途径是其调控肝癌进程的最关键信号通路。TCAG临床数据分析表明,泛素化途径的靶基因mRNA表达量在肝癌组织中明显高于正常肝组织,且基因突变会明显降低患者生存率。TMT标记蛋白质结合LC-MS/MS分析表明,与RHOBTB1和UBE2W互作的蛋白质泛素化降解相关基因UBA5、NEDD4L、UBE3C和USP14直接参与肝癌复发调控。结论hsamiR-5688可通过泛素化蛋白降解途径参与肝癌发生和复发进程,证明通过优化生物信息学构建快速预测miRNA靶途径的体系具有一定的高效性和准确性。