Purpose: The surgical risk and complication rate after cataract surgery are extremely high in patients with nanophthalmos.This study is designed to compare the visual and refractive outcomes before and after coaxial m...Purpose: The surgical risk and complication rate after cataract surgery are extremely high in patients with nanophthalmos.This study is designed to compare the visual and refractive outcomes before and after coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and evaluate postoperative complications.Methods:.Fifty nine patients(89 eyes) with axial length(AL)< 21 mm diagnosed with nanophthalmos were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and IOL implantation..The main outcome measures included anterior chamber depth(ACD),anterior chamber volume(ACV), anterior chamber angle(A CA), intraocular pressure(IOP) and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA). Wilcoxon signed rank test or Mann-Whitney test,and Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical tests as appropriate.Results:.The median AL was 19.63 mm...Sixty-six eyes(74.16%) had a history of surgical intervention. Postoperative ACD, ACV and ACA were increased significantly(all P<0.001),whereas postoperative IOP was decreased significantly.(P <0.001) after surgery. Previous surgical intervention was related to a reduction in the postoperative ACD and ACA(P<0.01),and both preoperative and postoperative IOP.(P <0.001).Postoperative BCVA was improved in 94.38% of the cases.Intraoperative complications mainly included iridoschisis(6eyes, 6.74%). Early postoperative complications included temporary corneal edema(TCE)(23 eyes, 25.84%), anterior inflammatory response(AIR)(19 eyes, 21.35%), cystoid macular edema(CME)(14 eyes, 15.73%), and uveal effusion(4 eyes, 4.49%). Late postoperative complications included CME(8 eyes, 8.99%), uveal effusion(8 eyes, 8.99%),malignant glaucoma(2 eyes, 2.25%) and posterior capsular opacification(PCO)(10 eyes, 11.24%). The majority of complications(80%) were successfully resolved by pharmacotherapy or operation. The risk of surgical complications was greater in patients with lower AL,ACD,ACV or ACA andhigher nuclear hardness or mean keratometry(Km).Conclusion: With reasonable preoperative management, prudent selection of the lens,.rigorous surgical technique and unerring cognition of potential complications, coaxial microincision phacoemulsification lens surgery can be performed in patients with nanophthalmos and yield favorable outcomes and a low incidence of complications.展开更多
Modeling of the roughness in micro-nano scale and its influence have not been fully investigated, however the roughness will cause amplitude and phase errors of the radiating slot, and decrease the precision and effic...Modeling of the roughness in micro-nano scale and its influence have not been fully investigated, however the roughness will cause amplitude and phase errors of the radiating slot, and decrease the precision and efficiency of the SWA in Ku-band. Firstly, the roughness is simulated using the electromechanical coupled（EC） model. The relationship between roughness and the antenna＇s radiation properties is obtained. For verification, an antenna proto- type is manufactured and tested, and the simulation method is introduced. According to the prototype, a contrasting experiment dealing with the flatness of the radiating plane is conducted to test the simulation method. The advantage of the EC model is validated by comparisons of the EC model and two classical roughness models （sine wave and fractal function）, which shows that the EC model gives a more accurate description model for roughness, the maxi- mum error is 13%. The existence of roughness strongly broadens the beamwidth and raises the side-lobe level of SWA, which is 1.2 times greater than the ideal antenna. In addition, effect of the EC model＇s evaluation indices is investigated, the most affected scale of the roughness is found, which is 1/10 of the working wavelength. The proposed research provides the instruction for antenna designing and manufacturing.展开更多
To satisfy the measuring demands for the micro components of the industry, micro/nano probing systems with various ball tips have been developed. However, most of them cannot be used to measure the real micro geometri...To satisfy the measuring demands for the micro components of the industry, micro/nano probing systems with various ball tips have been developed. However, most of them cannot be used to measure the real micro geometrical features high precisely because the parameters of the ball tips are not appropriate. The ball tips with a diameter of less than 100 μm, a sphericity and eccentricity of far less than 1 μm are required urgently. A review on the state-of-the-art of ball tips of micro/nano probing systems is presented. The material characteristics and geometric parameters of now available ball tips are introduced sepa- rately. The existing fabrication methods for the ball tips are demonstrated and summarized. The ball tips＇ future trends, which are smaller diameter, better sphericity and smaller eccentricity, are proposed in view of the practical requirements of high-precision measurement for micro geometrical features. Some challenges have to be faced in future, such as the promotion and high-precision measurement for the small ball tip＇s sphericity and eccentricity. Fusion method without the gravity effect when the molten ball tip solidifying is a more suitable way to fabricate a small diameter ball tip together with a shaft.展开更多
To design a micro incision operation for treating traumatic tattoo Methods With an 11 gauge blade, a micro incision was made on each side of the small tattoo spot and the tattoo skin was removed For a longer ta...To design a micro incision operation for treating traumatic tattoo Methods With an 11 gauge blade, a micro incision was made on each side of the small tattoo spot and the tattoo skin was removed For a longer tattoo particle, a longer incision was needed The skin incision was sutured with 6-0 silk For a complex tattoo, dermabrasion could be used first to remove the superficial one so as to expose the deep one which was removed in the same way as mentioned above When there was a large number of tattoo particles, many operations were needed Results Fourteen patients were treated by this method with good to excellent result Conclusion Micro incision for treating traumatic tattoo is an effective method展开更多
文摘Purpose: The surgical risk and complication rate after cataract surgery are extremely high in patients with nanophthalmos.This study is designed to compare the visual and refractive outcomes before and after coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and evaluate postoperative complications.Methods:.Fifty nine patients(89 eyes) with axial length(AL)< 21 mm diagnosed with nanophthalmos were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and IOL implantation..The main outcome measures included anterior chamber depth(ACD),anterior chamber volume(ACV), anterior chamber angle(A CA), intraocular pressure(IOP) and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA). Wilcoxon signed rank test or Mann-Whitney test,and Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical tests as appropriate.Results:.The median AL was 19.63 mm...Sixty-six eyes(74.16%) had a history of surgical intervention. Postoperative ACD, ACV and ACA were increased significantly(all P<0.001),whereas postoperative IOP was decreased significantly.(P <0.001) after surgery. Previous surgical intervention was related to a reduction in the postoperative ACD and ACA(P<0.01),and both preoperative and postoperative IOP.(P <0.001).Postoperative BCVA was improved in 94.38% of the cases.Intraoperative complications mainly included iridoschisis(6eyes, 6.74%). Early postoperative complications included temporary corneal edema(TCE)(23 eyes, 25.84%), anterior inflammatory response(AIR)(19 eyes, 21.35%), cystoid macular edema(CME)(14 eyes, 15.73%), and uveal effusion(4 eyes, 4.49%). Late postoperative complications included CME(8 eyes, 8.99%), uveal effusion(8 eyes, 8.99%),malignant glaucoma(2 eyes, 2.25%) and posterior capsular opacification(PCO)(10 eyes, 11.24%). The majority of complications(80%) were successfully resolved by pharmacotherapy or operation. The risk of surgical complications was greater in patients with lower AL,ACD,ACV or ACA andhigher nuclear hardness or mean keratometry(Km).Conclusion: With reasonable preoperative management, prudent selection of the lens,.rigorous surgical technique and unerring cognition of potential complications, coaxial microincision phacoemulsification lens surgery can be performed in patients with nanophthalmos and yield favorable outcomes and a low incidence of complications.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51305322,51405364,51475348)
文摘Modeling of the roughness in micro-nano scale and its influence have not been fully investigated, however the roughness will cause amplitude and phase errors of the radiating slot, and decrease the precision and efficiency of the SWA in Ku-band. Firstly, the roughness is simulated using the electromechanical coupled（EC） model. The relationship between roughness and the antenna＇s radiation properties is obtained. For verification, an antenna proto- type is manufactured and tested, and the simulation method is introduced. According to the prototype, a contrasting experiment dealing with the flatness of the radiating plane is conducted to test the simulation method. The advantage of the EC model is validated by comparisons of the EC model and two classical roughness models （sine wave and fractal function）, which shows that the EC model gives a more accurate description model for roughness, the maxi- mum error is 13%. The existence of roughness strongly broadens the beamwidth and raises the side-lobe level of SWA, which is 1.2 times greater than the ideal antenna. In addition, effect of the EC model＇s evaluation indices is investigated, the most affected scale of the roughness is found, which is 1/10 of the working wavelength. The proposed research provides the instruction for antenna designing and manufacturing.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51675157,51475131)State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments of China(Grant No.PIL1401)
文摘To satisfy the measuring demands for the micro components of the industry, micro/nano probing systems with various ball tips have been developed. However, most of them cannot be used to measure the real micro geometrical features high precisely because the parameters of the ball tips are not appropriate. The ball tips with a diameter of less than 100 μm, a sphericity and eccentricity of far less than 1 μm are required urgently. A review on the state-of-the-art of ball tips of micro/nano probing systems is presented. The material characteristics and geometric parameters of now available ball tips are introduced sepa- rately. The existing fabrication methods for the ball tips are demonstrated and summarized. The ball tips＇ future trends, which are smaller diameter, better sphericity and smaller eccentricity, are proposed in view of the practical requirements of high-precision measurement for micro geometrical features. Some challenges have to be faced in future, such as the promotion and high-precision measurement for the small ball tip＇s sphericity and eccentricity. Fusion method without the gravity effect when the molten ball tip solidifying is a more suitable way to fabricate a small diameter ball tip together with a shaft.
文摘To design a micro incision operation for treating traumatic tattoo Methods With an 11 gauge blade, a micro incision was made on each side of the small tattoo spot and the tattoo skin was removed For a longer tattoo particle, a longer incision was needed The skin incision was sutured with 6-0 silk For a complex tattoo, dermabrasion could be used first to remove the superficial one so as to expose the deep one which was removed in the same way as mentioned above When there was a large number of tattoo particles, many operations were needed Results Fourteen patients were treated by this method with good to excellent result Conclusion Micro incision for treating traumatic tattoo is an effective method
