Research Progress of Zhuang Medicine Combined with Nanogels in Mastitis

Mastitis is a common and frequently-occurring disease among Chinese women, which seriously harms their mental and physical health. External application of Zhuang medicine has the effects of dredging collaterals, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and softening hardness to dissipate stagnation, and show definite curative effect in preventing and treating breast diseases. Nano-composite hydrogels have the advantages of small toxic and side effects, high bioavailability, high targeting and controllable drug release. Therefore, this paper summarized and analyzed relevant literature of Zhuang medicine in treating breast diseases and clinical research of nanogels, providing new ideas and scientific basis for the treatment of mastitis with Zhuang medicine combined with nanogels.

Edaravone-loaded poly(amino acid) nanogel inhibits ferroptosis for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia injury

Neurological injury caused by ischemic stroke is a major cause of permanent disability and death. The currently available neuroprotective drugs fail to achieve desired therapeutic efficacy mainly due to short circulation half-life and poor blood−brain barrier (BBB) permeability. For that, an edaravone-loaded pH/glutathione (pH/GSH) dual-responsive poly(amino acid) nanogel (NG/EDA) was developed to improve the neuroprotection of EDA. The nanogel was triggered by acidic and EDA-induced high-level GSH microenvironments, which enabled the selective and sustained release of EDA at the site of ischemic injury. NG/EDA exhibited a uniform sub-spherical morphology with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 112.3 ± 8.2 nm. NG/EDA efficiently accumulated at the cerebral ischemic injury site of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) mice, showing an efficient BBB crossing feature. Notably, NG/EDA with 50 µM EDA significantly increased neuron survival (29.3%) following oxygen and glucose deprivation by inhibiting ferroptosis. In addition, administering NG/EDA for 7 d significantly reduced infarct volume to 22.2% ± 7.2% and decreased neurobehavioral scores from 9.0 ± 0.6 to 2.0 ± 0.8. Such a pH/GSH dual-responsive nanoplatform might provide a unique and promising modality for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke and other central nervous system diseases.

Redox-sensitive, PEG-shielded carboxymethyl PEI nanogels silencing MicroRNA-21, sensitizes resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin

A series of branched polyethylenimine(PEI) modifications including PEGylation(PEG2 k-PEI) for steric shielding, redox-sensitive crosslinking for synthesis PEG2 k-PEI-ss nanogels and subsequent carboxymethylation(PEG2 k-CMPEI-ss) for modulation of the polymer pk a have been introduced for cellular delivery of Anti-mi R-21. The synthesis was characterized using 1 H NMR, FTIR, TNBS, potentiometric titration, particle size and ζ potential. Loading of Anti-mi R-21 at various N/P ratios was investigated by gel retardation, ethidium bromide dye exclusion, heparin sulfate competition and DNase I digestion experiments. The mi R-21 silencing was measured by stem-loop RT PCR in A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines whether it is sensitive to resistant to cisplatin. It has been shown that PEG2 k-CMPEI-ss was well suited for delivery of Anti-mi R-21 in terms of nucleic acid loading, preservation against extracellular matrix and nucleases and sequence-specific silencing of mi RNA-21 in vitro. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that pre-treating cells with Anti-mi R-21 loaded nanogels can sensitize them to cis-Pt even at non-toxic concentraions. The results indicate that PEG2 k-CMPEIss mediated micro RNA delivery can be considered as a novel strategy for ovarian cancer therapy.

Phase Transition of Poly（acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide） Core-shell Nanogels

A series of poly（acrylic acid） macromolecular chain transfer agents with different molecular weights were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer （RAFT） poly- merization and characterized by 1^H NMR and gel permeation chromatography. Multiresponsive core-shell nanogels were prepared by dispersion polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide in water using these poly（potassium acrylate） macro-RAFT agents as the electrostcric stabilizer. The size of the nanogels decreases with the amount of the macro-RAFT agent, indicating that the surface area occupied by per polyelectrolyte group is a critical parameter for stabilizing the nanogels. The volume phase transition and the zeta potentials of the nanogels in aqueous solutions were studied by dynamic light scattering and zetasizer analyzer, respectively.

Stability of freeze-dried pH-responsive dextrin nanogels containing doxorubicin

Induction of non-specific toxicities by doxorubicin(DOX) has restricted conventional DOXbased chemotherapy. p H-responsive dextrin nanogels(DNGs) have been fabricated in order to incorporate and deliver DOX to specific(targeted) sites. However, adequate stability studies of DOX-loaded DNGs are required for selection of storage conditions. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the accelerated(25 °C/60% RH) and long-term(5 °C) stability of DNGs prepared with formaldehyde(FDNGs) and glyoxal(GDNGs) as cross-linker by determining the change in their physicochemical properties. The mean diameter decreased with time during long-term storage. The drug content between freshly prepared(initial day) and after storage at 5 °C for 180 days of DOX-loaded FDNGs and DOX-loaded GDNGs was not significantly different(p > 0.05), but decreased after storage under the accelerated condition. The release of DOX from all DNGs was pH-dependent. However, DNGs kept under the accelerated condition showed higher amount of DOX release than those stored at 5 °C and the freshly prepared ones. The results indicate that the stability of DNGs could be improved by their storage at 5 °C.

Functional Capsules Encapsulating Molecular-Recognizable Nanogels for Facile Removal of Organic Micro-Pollutants from Water

A novel method has been successfully developed for the facile and efficient removal of organic micro-pollutants(OMP)from water based on novel functional capsules encapsulating molecular-recognizable nanogels.The functional capsules are composed of ultrathin calcium alginate(Ca-Alg)hydrogel shells as semipermeable membranes and encapsulated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid-g-mono-(6-ethanediamine-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin)(PNCD)nanogels withβ-cyclodextrin(CD)moieties as OMP capturers.The semipermeable membranes of the capsules enable the free transfer of OMP and water molecules across the capsule shells,but confine the encapsulated PNCD nanogels within the capsules.Bisphenol A(BPA),an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is released from many plastic water containers,was chosen as a model OMP molecule in this study.Based on the host–guest recognition complexation,the CD moieties in the PNCD nanogels can efficiently capture BPA molecules.Thus,the facile and efficient removal of BPA from water can be achieved by immersing the proposed functional capsules into BPA-containing aqueous solutions and then simply removing them,which is easily done due to the capsules’characteristically large size of up to several millimeters.The kinetics of adsorption of BPA molecules by the capsules is well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the isothermal adsorption thermodynamics align well with the Freundlich and Langmuir isothermal adsorption models.The regeneration of capsules can be achieved simply by washing them with water at temperatures above the volume phase transition temperature of the PNCD nanogels.Thus,the proposed functional capsules encapsulating molecular-recognizable nanogels provide a novel strategy for the facile and efficient removal of OMP from water.

^(188)Re labeled MPEG-modified superparamagnetic nanogels: preparation and preliminary application in mice

Superparamagnetic poly(acrylamide) magnetic nanogels produced via photochemical method have been developed. After Hoffmann degradation of carbonyl, the nanogels with amino groups, or poly(acrylamide-vinyl amine) magnetic nanogels, were also obtained. And the magnetic nanogels were further modified by methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) for higher dispersibility and stability. The MPEG-modified magnetic nanogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), photo correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The MPEG-modified magnetic nanogels were labeled by 188Re radiopharmaceuticals and intra-venously injected into tails of mice in the presence and absence of a 0.5 T external magnetic field targeted on the bel-lies. The radioactivity distribution was monitored in vivo. In the absence of magnetic field, the radioactivity was mainly distributed in liver, spleen, kidney, stomach and lung. In the presence of the magnetic field, the radioactivity was mainly accumulated on the targeted point, verifying the magnetically targeted character.

Conformationally Dynamic Supramolecular Single Chain Nanogels for Mutilscale Biomechanical Regulation of Stem Cells

Objective The binding of cell adhesive peptides(such as RGD)to integrins initiates the recruitment of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins(e.g.,vinculin)and the formation of focal adhesion(FA)complexes required for cell adhesion.The ability to manipulate this ligand-mediated cell adhesion process is crucial for regulating cell migration,cell differentiation,injury healing,and immune response.Some recent studies reported the importance of the tether length/mobility of the cell adhesive ligands in regulating the traction force development of cells.In the native cellular microenvironment,such a dynamic change in the nanoscale tether length of bioactive ligands is often mediated by conformational changes of the structural proteins due to protein folding or degradation.However,no prior studies have demonstrated the modulation of the ligand tether mobility by controlling the intramolecular folding of polymeric linkers.Unfoldable synthetic macromolecules with easy synthetic routes and controllable structures,such as supramolecular host-guest single chain nanogels(SCNGs),are ideal candidates for mimicking the changes in the tether mobility of bioactive ligands via biorthogonal triggers.Methods S,S’-bis(a’a’-dimethyl-a’’-propargyl acetate)trithiocarbonate was first used to mediate the RAFT polymerization of N,N-dimethyl acrylamide,vinyl-adamantane and vinyl-β-cyclodextrin to yield the ADA@CD-SCNGs.The preparation of the unfoldable host-guest SCNGs was evidenced by the by gel permeation chromatography,proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering.Then the RGD peptide was conjugated to the alkynyl group on one end of the SCNGs before immobilizing the material on the substrate,which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The regulation of cell behaviours by unfolding of the SCNG-RGD was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining of vinculin and Yes-associated protein(YAP).Results The preparation of ADA@CD-SCNGs was confirmed by GPC which showed a unimodal molecular weight distribution.DLS and AFM data also proved that the SCNGs had an average diameter of 12±3nm.SEM images showed that SCNGs were conjugated as a linker of RGD peptide to thiolated glass substrate at an average density of 162±11 particles/μm2.These particles disappeared after adding free competitive ADA guest molecules,indicating the triggered unfolding of the tether SCNGs.In addition,the unfolding of supramolecular ADA@CD-SCNGs was also evidenced by a decrease in the GPC elution time and a slight increase in the apparent molecular weight.These results show that the immobilized ADA@CD-SCNGs can be unfolded to tune the tether length and mobility of the conjugated RGD ligands.Then we investigated the regulation of the cell behaviors on the substrate by triggering the unfolding of SCNG linkers.A critical level of traction force is required to effectively initiate and maintain integrin-mediated formation of FA complexes and subsequent mechano-transduction signaling.An increased tether length in cell-adhesive ligands can lead to a diminished cell traction force as if cells are adhering to soft substrates.Here,the unfolding of the ADA@CD-SCNG-RGD triggered by the addition of free ADA led to disassembly of the mature focal adhesions in the cells as evidenced by the reduced vinculin and F-actin in staining.Subsequently,nuclear YAP also decreased significantly because of the impaired mechano-sensing and diminished cell cytoskeleton tension.In addition,the extensively spread cells gradually became round after the medium was supplemented with free competitive ADA to unfold the SCNG linker.These finding demonstrates that the substrates with the unfolded ADA@CD-SCNG-RGD only supported weak cell adhesions.In contrast,on the substrate conjugated with the nonunfoldable MBA-SCNG-RGD linker,the addition of free ADA resulted in no change in the spread cell morphology and protein expressions.These results indicate that the unfoldable host-guest ADA@CD-SCNG can be used to manipulate the nanoscale presentation of ligands to regulate cell behaviors.Conclusions We demonstrate the application of SCNGs as the supramolecular linker to tune the nanoscale ligand tether length.These findings demonstrate that the strategy of manipulating the tether mobility of bioactive ligands by using supramolecular SCNGs as linkers provides a highly tunable,biomimetic,and bio-orthogonal approach to study the dynamic events of cell adhesion.

Desalted duck egg white nanogels as Pickering stabilizers for food-grade oil-in-water emulsion

Achieving the reuse of traditional egg by-products,salted duck egg whites(SEW),is an urgent problem to be solved.In this current work,we constructed a heat-induced gel-assisted desalination method for SEW.Subsequently,a top-down way was utilized to prepare desalted duck egg protein nanogels(DEPN)with uniformly distributed diameters and their application in the oil/water(O/W)interface system was explored.The results revealed that the increase of DEPN concentration could lower the droplet size,however,the size was negatively correlated with the oil phase fraction.Moreover,the effect of pH,ionic strength,and temperature on the emulsion stability demonstrated that the DEPN-stabilized emulsion displayed superior physical stability under different conditions.The addition of NaCl resulted in the significant decrease in droplet size of the emulsion,while further increasing the NaCl concentration,the droplet size did not decrease accordingly.Besides,heat-treatment and cold-treatment had little negative effect on the stability of the emulsion.Even if the droplet size of the emulsion increased at 80℃for 3 h,the morphology of the emulsion remained unchanged.Our study demonstrated DEPN had great potential as a stabilizer for food-grade Pickering emulsions.

Radiation-Induced Synthesis of Polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） Nanogels

Nanogels-particles of polymer gels having the dimensions in the order of nanometers-are gaining attention for their wide application as biomaterials. Mainly, the nanogels are promising novel pharmaceutical carriers for small biologically active agents, bin macromolecules and can be chemically modified to incorporate various ligands for targeted drug delivery. This important factor has stimulated research on dissimilar science field such as nanotechnology and biotechnology, polymer and materials sciences, biochemistry, radiation chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences. A multitude of techniques have been described for the synthesis of this nanomaterial from polymers. However, the use of ionizing radiation （γ, e-） has demonstrated to be especially suitable for obtaining polymeric nanogels with a high degree of purity for biomedical applications, although the gamma radiation has not been widely utilized for these purposes. The aim of this paper is to develop the synthesis of PVP （polyvynilpyrrolidone） nanogels by gamma irradiation, for their evaluation as potential pharmaceutical carriers. Experiments were performed using argon saturated solution of PVP （0.1-1%）. Crosstinking reactions were carried out in a gamma irradiation chamber with a 60Co source （ISOGAMMA LLCo）, at room temperature. The PVP concentration influence was evaluated in PVP solutions （0.1% and 0.25%） at 15 kGy. The SEM （scanning electron microscopy）, ATR （attenuate total reflection spectroscopy）, DLS （dynamic light scattering）, and viscosimetry were used as characterization techniques.

新疆南疆地区乳源金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及对氟苯尼考纳米凝胶的药物敏感性研究

为了研究氟苯尼考纳米凝胶对新疆南疆地区乳源金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果,试验从新疆南疆地区某奶牛场的乳房炎患病奶牛乳样中分离纯化金黄色葡萄球菌,采用生化试验、PCR扩增及测序等方法进行细菌鉴定,并通过比较氟苯尼考原料药、氟苯尼考纳米凝胶和氟苯尼考注射液对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的抑菌圈直径(DIZ)、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和抑菌曲线分析氟苯尼考纳米凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的抑菌效果。结果表明:从乳样中分离到一株细菌,该分离株革兰氏染色、镜检后呈蓝紫色并排列成葡萄串状,触酶、血浆凝固酶和甘露醇发酵试验结果均为阳性,其基因组DNA中能扩增出金黄色葡萄球菌耐热核酸酶(nuc)基因,16S rDNA基因序列与金黄色葡萄球菌的相似性为99.7%,判断该分离菌为金黄色葡萄球菌。氟苯尼考原料药、氟苯尼考纳米凝胶和氟苯尼考注射液对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213株均产生抑菌作用,DIZ大小为氟苯尼考纳米凝胶>氟苯尼考注射液>氟苯尼考原料药,均表现为高度敏感,其中氟苯尼考纳米凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213株的DIZ均显著高于氟苯尼考原料药和氟苯尼考注射液(P<0.05)。3种药物对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的MIC分别为4μg/mL、2μg/mL和4μg/mL。1μg/mL氟苯尼考纳米凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的抑菌效果与2μg/mL氟苯尼考原料药和氟苯尼考注射液相当,当氟苯尼考纳米凝胶的浓度为4μg/mL时金黄色葡萄球菌分离株不再生长。说明从新疆南疆地区成功分离出一株乳源金黄色葡萄球菌;相比于氟苯尼考原料药和氟苯尼考注射液,氟苯尼考纳米凝胶对该分离株具有较好的抑菌效果。

聚吡咯基温敏凝胶的制备及性能研究

为了明确纳米温敏凝胶在光控药物释放和光热治疗等方面的应用价值,通过无皂乳液聚合法,使用单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(N-isopropylacrylamide,NIPAM)与壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)合成了体积相转变温度为38.5℃,并具有明显的温敏性的PNIPAM/CS复合温敏凝胶;利用原位吸附法在PNIPAM/CS凝胶颗粒表面生长聚吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)光响应层,获得结构为球形,尺寸分布为100~200 nm的PNIPAM/CS@PPy纳米凝胶。当温度从20℃增加到42℃时,凝胶颗粒的水合粒径从250 nm下降到140 nm,表现出温度变化驱动的体积收缩性能。研究结果表明:纳米凝胶颗粒具有较强的吸收近红外光功能;在808 nm激光照射下,纳米凝胶具有强光热转换性能,其光热升温随着浓度的增加而增强;PNIPAM/CS@PPy在温控药物释放和光热治疗等方面具有潜在的应用价值。

吉他霉素纳米凝胶制备与评价

【目的】制备一种可局部递送吉他霉素用于皮肤创口感染的纳米凝胶。【方法】以京尼平为交联剂在希夫碱作用下,通过凝胶材料之间的静电作用制备壳聚糖/明胶/聚乙烯醇纳米凝胶,并载入药物吉他霉素,对其包封率、载药量、溶胀性能、纳米粒径、Zeta电位、微观结构扫描等表征结构及生物安全性进行测试,评估纳米凝胶的体外释放效果和伤口愈合活性。【结果】本研究制备的吉他霉素纳米凝胶,在其组方为每25 mL凝胶中含吉他霉素0.25 g、壳聚糖0.4 g、明胶0.3 g、聚乙烯醇0.2 g,京尼平0.2 g,其余量为去离子水时外观性状为淡蓝色纳米凝胶,无沉淀与药物析出,溶胀度高,载药量为13.6%,包封率为83.1%;扫描电镜下可见该纳米凝胶形成孔隙致密且分布均匀的三维网状结构;平均粒径为28.56 nm,Zeta电位为16.33 mV;生物安全性良好;纳米凝胶在体外释放药物可维持48 h,明显长于吉他霉素溶液的释放时间。此外,纳米凝胶还能使小鼠伤口缩小96%,有助于伤口愈合。【结论】本研究成功制备了吉他霉素纳米凝胶,通过体内体外试验评估证明了其潜在的药物控释与促进皮肤伤口愈合的能力。

TA-siRNA纳米凝胶靶向抑制PNI施万细胞Gzmb基因表达促进神经修复

目的 构建TA-siRNA纳米凝胶靶向抑制施万细胞死亡。方法 研究使用GEO数据库GSE244328的转录组测序数据进行生物信息学分析筛选焦亡相关基因并通过聚合酶链反应和蛋白质印记分析评估特定基因的表达水平。使用来自美国ATCC的小鼠施万细胞,采用LPS模拟炎症刺激。制备自组装TA-siRNA纳米凝胶,采用CCK8细胞增殖实验、骨架染色、划痕实验评估TA-siRNA纳米凝胶细胞功能。使用GraphPad Prism 8、ImageJ和R 4.2.1进行统计学差异分析。结果 Gzmb基因在施万细胞的焦亡过程中显著高表达(P <0.05)。TA-siRNA纳米凝胶具有优异的生物相容性,其大小为(68.65±7.35) nm,电位为-36.48 mV,可被施万细胞有效内化,且不会导致施万细胞的伸长和变形(P> 0.05)。TA-siRNA纳米凝胶能有效抑制施万细胞的Gzmb基因从而抑制施万细胞焦亡并提高施万细胞的存活率与活性(P <0.05)。结论 鉴于施万细胞焦亡在PNI中的作用,TA-siRNA纳米凝胶抑制施万细胞焦亡可能是未来PNI的一种潜在治疗策略。

纳米凝胶搭载的siRNA通过靶向抑制施万细胞铁死亡促进周围神经损伤修复

目的:探究周围神经损伤(PNI)后施万细胞的死亡机制,使用纳米凝胶搭载的siRNA靶向抑制施万细胞死亡。方法:下载GEO数据库中PNI的转录组数据,依次进行数据处理、差异分析、GO功能富集分析、铁死亡通路鉴定以及靶基因的筛选。通过蛋白印记和qPCR实验验证靶基因的差异性。自组装单宁酸(TA)-siRNA纳米凝胶,通过丁达尔效应实验、粒径和电位测量、细胞吞噬实验、细胞骨架染色和CCK-8细胞活力实验鉴定纳米凝胶的物理学和生物学特性。通过划痕实验、免疫荧光染色实验、蛋白印记和qPCR实验验证TA-siRNA纳米凝胶抑制施万细胞铁死亡的有效性。结果:PNI后施万细胞出现明显的铁死亡现象,Bex1是调控施万细胞铁死亡的关键基因。TA-siRNA纳米凝胶具有优良的物理学和生物学特性,能够将siRNA成功地携带到损伤的施万细胞中并沉默靶基因,从而有效地抑制施万细胞损伤后的铁死亡。结论:纳米凝胶搭载的siRNA可以靶向抑制施万细胞铁死亡,为临床治疗PNI提供新的方向。

乳铁蛋白修饰的纳米凝胶滴丸的制备及药物转运入脑性研究

目的 改善天然药物的水溶性及将其转运入脑的效率,构建可负载难溶性药物的乳铁蛋白修饰的纳米凝胶滴丸剂并探究制备工艺,为神经退行性疾病的药物开发提供参考。方法 以难溶性药物淫羊藿苷为负载药物,利用反相微乳法制备乳铁蛋白修饰的海藻酸锌纳米凝胶,采用HPLC法测定纳米凝胶中淫羊藿苷的载药率和包封率。以圆整度、丸重差异和溶散时限为评价指标,采用单因素和Box-Behnken响应面法优选滴丸的最佳制备工艺,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表征,转篮法探究滴丸中纳米凝胶的释放行为,荧光示踪法比较滴丸药物舌下含服和口服的∶入脑效率。结果 HPLC法测得纳米凝胶的载药率为(2.67±0.05)%,包封率为(84.74±0.03)%。乳铁蛋白修饰的纳米凝胶滴丸的最佳制备工艺为:基质与纳米凝胶的比例58.5℃。以修饰物乳铁蛋白为标志物,纳米凝胶体外累积释放率达到92.25%。荧光示踪研究表明,与口服给药相比,滴丸通过舌下给药时,能更快、更有效地协助药物穿过血脑屏障进入脑内,提升了制剂将药物转运入脑的效率。结论 所制备的乳铁蛋白修饰的纳米凝胶可作为难溶性药物的负载平台,改善药物水溶性,进一步制备成滴丸剂舌下含服后极大提升了药物转运入脑的效率,提高了神经退行性患者的用药依从性,满足了临床用药需求。

Blade-Coated Porous 3D Carbon Composite Electrodes Coupled with Multiscale Interfaces for Highly Sensitive All-Paper Pressure Sensors

Flexible and wearable pressure sensors hold immense promise for health monitoring,covering disease detection and postoperative rehabilitation.Developing pressure sensors with high sensitivity,wide detection range,and cost-effectiveness is paramount.By leveraging paper for its sustainability,biocompatibility,and inherent porous structure,herein,a solution-processed all-paper resistive pressure sensor is designed with outstanding performance.A ternary composite paste,comprising a compressible 3D carbon skeleton,conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate),and cohesive carbon nanotubes,is blade-coated on paper and naturally dried to form the porous composite electrode with hierachical micro-and nano-structured surface.Combined with screen-printed Cu electrodes in submillimeter finger widths on rough paper,this creates a multiscale hierarchical contact interface between electrodes,significantly enhancing sensitivity(1014 kPa-1)and expanding the detection range(up to 300 kPa)of as-resulted all-paper pressure sensor with low detection limit and power consumption.Its versatility ranges from subtle wrist pulses,robust finger taps,to large-area spatial force detection,highlighting its intricate submillimetermicrometer-nanometer hierarchical interface and nanometer porosity in the composite electrode.Ultimately,this all-paper resistive pressure sensor,with its superior sensing capabilities,large-scale fabrication potential,and cost-effectiveness,paves the way for next-generation wearable electronics,ushering in an era of advanced,sustainable technological solutions.

可调控结构色互穿纳米水凝胶的合成及凝胶化转变

研究合成了具有温度和pH响应性的PNIPAM/PAphe互穿纳米水凝胶,通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、动态光散射仪、光纤光谱仪等技术,详细研究了互穿纳米水凝胶的结构和形貌、粒径与分散性、温度和pH响应性、结构色调控与光子晶体自组装,以及凝胶化转变行为。根据红外光谱和扫描电镜图确认了两种网络的有效互穿和其良好的单分散性。通过粒径分析可以得到随着PAphe含量的增加,互穿纳米水凝胶的粒径相应增大,但单分散性保持良好。利用温度和pH敏感性实验证明了该互穿纳米水凝胶的智能调控响应性,具体表现为:在温度上升或pH值下降的条件下,其粒径显著减小。结合光纤光谱图,进一步发现该互穿纳米水凝胶能够通过调整粒径大小来实现其结构色的可调控性。更为重要的是,通过试管倒置法发现在相变温度(32℃)以上该纳米凝胶具有从溶胶转变到凝胶的能力,展现了其在高度可调控的光学材料及生物医学领域中的应用潜力。

光固化季铵盐体系抗菌涂层的制备及性能研究

为了减少细菌对材料的破坏,制备环境友好的新型光固化抗菌涂层,采用季铵化法一步合成了有机硅季铵盐抗菌剂(QAC),以SiO_(2)纳米胶为载体,将QAC与含有丙烯酸双键的硅烷偶联剂按照不同比例接入纳米胶,得到新型UV固化有机-无机杂化季铵盐抗菌剂(UV-SiO_(2)-QAC)。将抗菌剂按照不同比例添加到UV固化环氧丙烯酸酯中,在UV光辐照下获得抗菌涂层。采用核磁共振波谱仪(1H NMR)和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)确定了QAC的结构,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TGA)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)等确定了涂层的表观形貌、双键转化率和热性能,并对涂层的抗菌性能、硬度和拉伸强度进行了测试。结果表明:采用QAC与硅烷偶联剂物质的量比为1∶1的抗菌剂,在添加量为10%时,涂层对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌效果最优,抑菌圈直径达到12.5 mm,5 d后达到11.4 mm,铅笔硬度为2B,拉伸强度为3.72 MPa,双键转化率达到81%,综合性能最佳。