Polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） is an excellent material for investigating the mechanism of triboelectricity as it can easily be used to construct various microstructures. In this study, micro-capacitors （MCs） and var...Polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） is an excellent material for investigating the mechanism of triboelectricity as it can easily be used to construct various microstructures. In this study, micro-capacitors （MCs） and variable microcapacitors （VMCs） were embedded in PDMS by filling PDMS with silver nanoparticles （NPs） and constructing an internal cellular structure. The output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerators （TENGs） based on MCs@PDMS and VMCs@PDMS films was systematically investigated, with variation of the filling content of silver NPs and the pore ratio and size. The microstructure, permittivity, dielectric loss, and capacitance of the VMCs@PDMS films were well characterized. The output current of the TENG based on the VMCs@PDMS film was respectively 4.0 and 1.6 times higher than that of the TENGs based on the pure PDMS film and MCs@PDMS film, and the output power density of the former reached 6 W·m-2. This study sheds light on the physical nature of conductive nanoparticle fillings and cellular structures in dielectric triboelectric polymers.展开更多
Aqueous Zn-ion energy storage systems,which are expected to be integrated into intelligent electronics as a secure power supply,suffer poor reversibility of Zn anodes,predominantly associated with dendritic growth and...Aqueous Zn-ion energy storage systems,which are expected to be integrated into intelligent electronics as a secure power supply,suffer poor reversibility of Zn anodes,predominantly associated with dendritic growth and side reactions.This study introduces a polyanionic strategy to address these formidable issues by developing a hydrogel electrolyte(PACXHE)with carboxyl groups.Notably,the carboxyl groups within the hydrogel structure establish favorable channels to promote the transport of Zn^(2+)ions.They also expedite the desolvation of hydrated Zn^(2+)ions,leading to enhanced deposition kinetics.Additionally,these functional groups confine interfacial planar diffusion and promote preferential deposition along the(002)plane of Zn,enabling a smooth surface texture of the Zn anode.This multifaceted regulation successfully achieves the suppression of Zn dendrites and side reactions,thereby enhancing the electrochemical reversibility and service life during plating/stripping cycles.Therefore,such an electrolyte demonstrates a high average Coulombic efficiency of 97.7%for 500 cycles in the Zn‖Cu cell and exceptional cyclability with a duration of 480 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/1 mA h cm^(-2)in the Zn‖Zn cell.Beyond that,the Zn-ion hybrid micro-capacitor employing PACXHE exhibits satisfactory cycling stability,energy density,and practicality for energy storage in flexible,intelligent electronics.The present polyanionic-based hydrogel strategy and the development of PACXHE represent significant advancements in the design of hydrogel electrolytes,paving the way for a more sustainable and efficient future in the energy storage field.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51572040 and 51402112）, Chongqing University Postgraduates＇ Innovation Project （No. CYS15016）, the National High-tech R＆D Program of China （No. 2015AA034801）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （Nos. CQDXWL-2014-001 and CQDXWL-2013-012）.
文摘Polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） is an excellent material for investigating the mechanism of triboelectricity as it can easily be used to construct various microstructures. In this study, micro-capacitors （MCs） and variable microcapacitors （VMCs） were embedded in PDMS by filling PDMS with silver nanoparticles （NPs） and constructing an internal cellular structure. The output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerators （TENGs） based on MCs@PDMS and VMCs@PDMS films was systematically investigated, with variation of the filling content of silver NPs and the pore ratio and size. The microstructure, permittivity, dielectric loss, and capacitance of the VMCs@PDMS films were well characterized. The output current of the TENG based on the VMCs@PDMS film was respectively 4.0 and 1.6 times higher than that of the TENGs based on the pure PDMS film and MCs@PDMS film, and the output power density of the former reached 6 W·m-2. This study sheds light on the physical nature of conductive nanoparticle fillings and cellular structures in dielectric triboelectric polymers.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2003216)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4101600)+1 种基金the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Project(2022E01020)the Scientific Research Program of the Higher Education Institution of Xinjiang(XJEDU2022P004)。
文摘Aqueous Zn-ion energy storage systems,which are expected to be integrated into intelligent electronics as a secure power supply,suffer poor reversibility of Zn anodes,predominantly associated with dendritic growth and side reactions.This study introduces a polyanionic strategy to address these formidable issues by developing a hydrogel electrolyte(PACXHE)with carboxyl groups.Notably,the carboxyl groups within the hydrogel structure establish favorable channels to promote the transport of Zn^(2+)ions.They also expedite the desolvation of hydrated Zn^(2+)ions,leading to enhanced deposition kinetics.Additionally,these functional groups confine interfacial planar diffusion and promote preferential deposition along the(002)plane of Zn,enabling a smooth surface texture of the Zn anode.This multifaceted regulation successfully achieves the suppression of Zn dendrites and side reactions,thereby enhancing the electrochemical reversibility and service life during plating/stripping cycles.Therefore,such an electrolyte demonstrates a high average Coulombic efficiency of 97.7%for 500 cycles in the Zn‖Cu cell and exceptional cyclability with a duration of 480 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/1 mA h cm^(-2)in the Zn‖Zn cell.Beyond that,the Zn-ion hybrid micro-capacitor employing PACXHE exhibits satisfactory cycling stability,energy density,and practicality for energy storage in flexible,intelligent electronics.The present polyanionic-based hydrogel strategy and the development of PACXHE represent significant advancements in the design of hydrogel electrolytes,paving the way for a more sustainable and efficient future in the energy storage field.
