Ultrasound guidance for transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy may prevent radiation exposure: A case report

BACKGROUND Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD)has become a mature and mainstream minimally invasive surgical technique for treating lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Repeated fluoroscopy,with more than 30 shots on average,is inevitable to ensure its accuracy and safety.However,exposure to X-rays may pose a threat to human health.We herein report a case of ultrasound(US)-assisted PELD in two levels of LDH to explore a new possibility that can reduce the radiation dose during puncture and cannulation in PELD.CASE SUMMARY A 38-year-old man with low back pain and left leg pain for more than 7 years came to our clinic,his symptoms had aggravated for 1 month,and he was diagnosed with L3-4 and L4-5 disc herniations.He received US-guided PELD with good results:His straight leg elevation increased from 40 to 90 degrees after PELD,and his visual analog scale(VAS)and Oswestry Disability Index scores both significantly decreased immediately and 6 mo after PELD.With the guidance of US,he received only two shots of fluoroscopy(fluoroscopic time:4.4 s;radiation dose:3.98 mGy).To our knowledge,this is the first case of US-guided puncture and cannulation of PELD for LDH at two levels.CONCLUSION US could be used to guide PELD and has the potential to largely reduce radiation than traditional X-ray guidance.

Comparison of microendoscopic discectomy and open discectomy for single-segment lumbar disc herniation

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease.Endoscopic treatment may have more advantages than traditional surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of microendoscopic discectomy(MED)and open discectomy with lamina nucleus enucleation in the treatment of singlesegment lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.METHODS Ninety-six patients who were operated at our hospital were selected for this study.Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation were admitted to the hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 48 cases in each group.The former group underwent lumbar discectomy and the latter underwent laparotomy and nucleus pulpectomy.Surgical effects were compared between the two groups.RESULTS In terms of surgical indicators,the observation group had a longer operation time,shorter postoperative bedtime and hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,and smaller incision length than the control group(P<0.05).The excellent recovery rate did not differ significantly between the observation group(93.75%)and the control group(91.67%).Visual analogue scale pain scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1 d,3 d,1 mo,and 6 mo after surgery(P<0.05).The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(6.25%vs 22.92%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Both MED and open discectomy can effectively improve single-segment lumbar disc herniation,but MED is associated with less trauma,less bleeding,and a lower incidence of complications.

Technique of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy is a minimally invasive surgery with little pain, less blood loss, less hospital stay and the surgery can be done in local anesthesia, which was started during late 20th century. Kambin and Gellmann in 1973 in the United States and Hijikata in Japanin 1977 individually preformed posterolateral percutaneous nucleotomy for the resection of the nucleus pulposus and release of compressed exiting nerve root, which is now spreading through the world and many surgeons are developing their skill but it needs experience and patience for successful outcomes. Along with advanced instruments now the surgery can be performed only giving a small skin incision of 8 - 10 mm and is as effective as the conventional method of surgery and open microdiscectomy surgery for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation. In this review, we are explaining the technique of minimally invasive Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy surgery along its advantages and complications which can be encountered while performing this technique.

Two-level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniation: A case report

BACKGROUND The technique of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD)as a transforaminal approach has been used to treat highly migrated lower lumbar disc herniations.However,due to the different anatomic characteristics of the upper lumbar spine,conventional transforaminal PELD may fail to remove the highly migrated upper lumbar disc nucleus pulposus.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique,two-level PELD,for the treatment of highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniations and to report its related clinical outcomes.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old male presented with a complaint of pain at his lower back and right lower limb.The patient received 3 mo of conservative treatments but the symptoms were not alleviated.Physical examination revealed a positive femoral nerve stretch test and a negative straight leg raise test for the right leg,and preoperative visual analog scale(VAS)score for the lower back was 6 points and for the right leg was 8 points.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)demonstrated L2-L3 disc herniation on the right side and the herniated nucleus pulposus migrated to the upper margin of L2 vertebral body.According to physical examination and imaging findings,surgery was the primary consideration.Therefore,the patient underwent surgical treatment with two-level PELD.The pain symptom was relieved and the VAS score for back and thigh pain was one point postoperatively.The patient was asymptomatic and follow-up MRI scan 1 year after operation revealed no residual nucleus pulposus.CONCLUSION Two-level PELD as a transforaminal approach can be a safe and effective procedure for highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniation.

The Clinical Effect of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy in the Treatment of Low Lumbar Single Segment Disc Herniation

Objective: To observe the clinical effect percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of single lumbar disc herniation. Methods: From August 2017 to June 2019, 42 patients with low lumbar single segment lumbar disc herniation were treated with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy surgery in our hospital. The operation time, incision size, bleeding volume and hospitalization time were recorded respectively. The patients were evaluated before operation, 1 month and 6 months after operation. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and assessment were used to evaluate the lumbocrural pain. The JOA score and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the lumbar function, and the modified macnab score was used to evaluate the clinical effect in the last follow-up. Results: All the 42 patients successfully completed the operation without any other operation. There were no severe complications such as dural injury and nerve root injury. The operation time was (76.98 ± 8.58) min, the incision size was (8.45 ± 1.2) mm, the bleeding volume was (20.14 ± 2.93) ml, and the hospitalization time was (4.55 ± 1.13) d. One month and six months after the operation, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the evaluation of lumbar function (Oswestry) and the disability index (ODI) were significantly improved compared with those before the operation (P Conclusion: The treatment of low lumbar but segmental lumbar disc herniation with percutaneous intervertebral foramen, with small incision, less bleeding and quick recovery, can improve the pain and dysfunction of patients.

Segmental artery injury during transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Since Kambin experimentally induced arthroscopy to treat herniated nucleus pulposus,percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD)has been developed.The branch of the segmental artery around the neural foramen may be damaged during PELD using the transforaminal approach.We report 2 rare cases in which segmental artery injury that occurred during PELD was treated with emergency embolization.CASE SUMMARY In case 1,a 31-year-old man was transferred to our emergency department with left lower quadrant abdominal pain after PELD at a local hospital.Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging after the surgery showed a hematoma of the left retroperitoneal area and the psoas muscle area.Under suspicion of vascular injury,arteriography was performed.Pseudoaneurysm and blood leakage from the left 4th lumbar segmental artery into the abdominal cavity were identified.Emergency transarterial embolization was performed using fibered microcoils for bleeding of the segmental artery.In case 2,a 75-year-old woman was transferred to our emergency department with low blood pressure,right flank pain,and drowsy mental status after PELD at a local hospital.When the patient arrived at the emergency room,the blood pressure decreased from 107/55 mmHg to 72/47 mmHg.Low blood pressure persisted.Under suspicion of vessel injury,arteriography was performed,and the right 4th lumbar segmental artery rupture was confirmed.Emergency transarterial embolization was performed for bleeding of segmental artery.CONCLUSION We were able to find the bleeding focus by angiography and treat the injury of the segmental artery successfully through emergency transarterial embolization.

Comparison of pain media and inflammatory factors after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and traditional fenestration operation treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc

Objective:To compare the differences in pain mediators and inflammatory factors after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and traditional fenestration operation treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods:80 patients with protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc treated in our hospital between March 2013 and December 2015 were collected and divided into observation group and control group (n=40) according to randomized parallel contrast. Control group received traditional fenestration operation and observation group received percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy. Before operation and 1 week after operation, fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to determine serum pain medium levels;ELISA was used to determine pro-inflammatory factor and anti-inflammatory factor levels. Results:Before operation, differences in serum pain medium and inflammatory factor levels were not statistically significant between two groups (P>0.05). 1 week after operation, serum pain media norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and substance P (SP) levels as well as pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05) while serum anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin 10 (IL-10), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNF-RI) levels were higher than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy can effectively treat protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc and is more advantageous in alleviating patients’ perception of pain and reducing inflammation.

Microendoscopic discectomy for treatment of lumbar disc herniation

A lumbar microendoscopic discectomy(MED)is a minimally invasive surgical technique performed through a tubular device which is designed for the pain relieve caused by herniated discs pressing the nerve roots.In 1997,a new minimally invasive surgical approach for the management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation,MED was introduced.This technique uses a tubular retractor system and a microendoscope for visualization rather than the operating microscope.However,recent literature suggests that MED is an effective microendoscopic system which has a fine long-term outcome in treating lumbar disc herniation.This article describes the operative techniques and outcomes reported in the literature for MED.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy versus Conventional Open Discectomy: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Trial

Introduction: The majority of series considered the conventional open discectomy as the gold standard for the treatment of lumbar disc prolapse. Despite of the popularity of the lumbar endoscopic discectomy nowadays, many neurosurgeons still prefer conventional open discectomy. Purpose: Our study has been designed to compare between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and conventional open discectomy;regarding surgical results, complications, clinical and functional outcomes. Patients and Methods: This study is a clinical prospective randomized controlled trial conducted upon 30 patients suffering from prolapsed lumbar disc, from December 2016 to May 2018. Those patients were divided randomly into 2 groups, 15 patients each. One group treated by percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy (PELD) and the other group treated by conventional open discectomy (COD). Operative time, wound size, Intraoperative blood loss, Intraoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, Postoperative complication and the results of visual analogue score (VAS) and modified MacNab’s criteria were assessed. Results: This study included 30 patients (18 males and 12 females). The mean age was about 35 years. Although, there was postoperative improvement of the VAS and MacNab’s criteria in the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative VAS of low back pain and radicular pain for the two groups in the follow up period. Conclusion: Both techniques give good results for patients;each technique has some advantages over the other.

Comparison of nerve conduction and injury degree in patients with lumbar disc herniation after microendoscopic discectomy and fenestration discectomy

Objective: To study the difference of nerve conduction and injury degree in patients with lumbar disc herniation after microendoscopic discectomy and fenestration discectomy. Methods: Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation who were treated in Dazhou Central Hospital between May 2014 and February 2017 were selected as the research subjects, the history data were reviewed and the operation methods were referred to divide them into FD group and MED group who received fenestration discectomy and microendoscopic discectomy respectively. The conduction velocity of common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve were detected before operation and 4 weeks after operation;serum levels of nerve and muscle injury-related molecules as well as inflammation and stress-related molecules were detected before operation and 3 days after operation. Results: MNCV levels of common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve 4 weeks after operation as well as serum CRP, TNF-α, MDA and AOPP contents 3 d after operation of both groups of patients were significantly higher than those before operation, and the MNCV levels of common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve of MED group 4 weeks after operation were significantly higher than those of FD group while serum CRP, TNF-α, MDA and AOPP contents of MED group 3 d after operation were not significantly different from those of FD group;serum NSE, S100B, Tau, pNF-H, CPK, Myo and LDH contents of FD patients 3 d after operation were significantly higher than those before operation while serum NSE, S100B, Tau, pNF-H, CPK, Myo and LDH contents of MED group were not significantly different from those before operation. Conclusion: Microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation can relieve the nerve and muscle injury, and is equivalent to fenestration discectomy in activating the systemic stress and inflammatory response.

LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF FENESTRATED DISCECTOMY FOR LUMBAR DISC

Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes of fenestrated discectomy for lumbar disc herniation and analyze the correlative influence factors. Methods Eighty-two cases of lumbar disc herniation, from February 1996 to May 1999, were retrospectively studied. All patients were treated with simple fenestrated discectomy. The average follow-up time was 8 years and 7 months （from 7 years tolO years and 3months）. There were 13, 38 and 31 cases at 13 - L4, L4 - L5 and L5 - S1 level, respectively. Results The average scales before operation were as following ： Japanes Orthopaedics Association （ JOA ） scale 6. 5 （ 5 - 9 ） , visual analysis scale （ VAS） of low back pain4.8 （0-8）. and VAS of sciatica 7.2 （4-10）. At the final follow-up, the above parameters were 13.2 （ 10 - 14 ）, 1.8 （0 - 10） and 1.2 （0 - 7）, respectively. The average increase ratio of JOA scale was 78. 8%. The average disc-vertebra height ratio （ Mochida method） was 80.2%. At the final follow-up, 7 cases reoccurred disc herniation. The final clinical satisfaction rate was 80% （ modified Macnab method ）. Conclusion With appropriate surgical indications, the successfid long-term outcomes could be expected with fenestrated discectomy. Discectomy improves sciatica to a greater extent than low back pain. The occurrence of low back pain is related to intervertebral disc height, segment stability, disc degeneration, and lumbar muscle disability.

Double tractors swing microendoscopic discectomy technique for multi-segmental lumbar disc herniation

Objective To evaluate the effect of double tractors swing microendoscopic discectomy technique in multisegmental lumbar disc herniation.Methods From December 2006 to November 2009,153 patients with multisegmental lumbar disc herniation

复元活血汤对气滞血瘀型腰椎管狭窄患者术后腰椎功能、椎体结构的影响

目的:观察复元活血汤对气滞血瘀型腰椎管狭窄患者术后腰椎功能、椎体结构的影响。方法:选取70例行单侧双通道内镜技术治疗的气滞血瘀型腰椎管狭窄患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各35例。对照组术后给予常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予复元活血汤治疗。比较2组住院时间、临床疗效、炎症指标[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平]、凝血功能指标[纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平、凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)]、椎体结构指标(伤椎前缘、中间、后缘高度)、腰椎功能相关评分[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、间歇性跛行评分]及并发症发生率。结果:观察组住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第14天,观察组临床疗效优良率91.43%,高于对照组68.57%(P<0.05)。术后第14天,2组血清TNF-α、MCP-1、IL-1β、IL-6水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),观察组血清TNF-α、MCP-1、IL-1β、IL-6水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第14天,2组血清FIB水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),观察组血清FIB水平低于对照组(P<0.05);2组PT、APTT、TT均较治疗前延长(P<0.05),观察组PT、APTT、TT均长于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第14天,2组伤椎前缘、中间、后缘高度与治疗前比较,以及组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后第14天,2组VAS、ODI、间歇性跛行评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),观察组VAS、ODI、间歇性跛行评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,观察组并发症发生率2.86%,与对照组8.57%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:复元活血汤可有效缓解气滞血瘀型腰椎管狭窄术后患者机体的炎症反应及凝血功能,改善腰椎功能,缩短住院时间。

椎间孔镜靶向单通道髓核摘除术对腰椎融合术后相邻节段椎间盘突出症的临床运用分析

目的探讨椎间孔镜靶向单通道髓核摘除术(TO-PTED)对腰椎融合术后相邻节段椎间盘突出症(LDH)的临床运用。方法选取2018年1月—2021年3月在我院行TO-PTED的45例腰椎融合术后相邻节段LDH患者为观察组,另随机选取同期在我院行椎板间开窗髓核摘除术的45例腰椎融合术后相邻节段LDH患者为对照组。比较两组患者的围手术期临床资料、手术前后的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、日本骨科协会评分(JOA)、影像学资料,采用改良MacNab标准来进行疗效的评价。结果观察组患者的手术时长、术中失血量、住院天数均显著低于对照组,术中X线透视次数、临床优良率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后1个月、12个月的VAS评分显著低于术前,JOA评分显著高于术前(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后1个月、12个月的VAS评分显著低于同期对照组,JOA评分显著高于同期对照组(P<0.05)。术后1月观察组相对椎间高度及节段角度显著优于对照组,且术后12月,观察组相对椎间高度及节段角度维持优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术前、术后1月及12月相对椎间孔面积均无显著变化,且两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TO-PTED能明显缓解腰椎融合术后相邻节段LDH患者的疼痛状况,促进腰椎功能的恢复,具有创伤小、术中失血量少、术后恢复快等优点,疗效优于传统的椎板间开窗髓核摘除术,可在临床推广应用。

经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及对腰背肌生物力学性能、疼痛介质的影响

目的研究经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术(PTED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的疗效及对腰背肌生物力学性能、疼痛介质的影响。方法前瞻性选择2020年7月至2023年6月于保定市第一中心医院接受治疗的LDH患者110例,按照随机数字表法分为PTED组(n=55)、对照组(n=55)。对照组行开窗减压髓核摘除术(ODD)治疗,PTED组行PTED治疗。观察两组手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、下床时间、住院时间等围手术期指标;比较两组术前、术后3个月腰椎活动功能指标(腰椎前屈、侧屈、后伸)、脊柱功能[Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)]、腰背肌生物力学性能指标[腰背屈伸比(F/E)、伸展平均功率(AP)、峰力矩(PT)]、血清疼痛介质[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、P物质、五羟色胺]水平及术后并发症发生情况。结果PTED组手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、下床时间、住院时间分别为(72.36±7.51)min、(0.82±0.09)cm、(40.06±4.24)mL、(1.32±0.15)d、(4.30±0.46)d,均短于对照组[(102.64±12.67)min、(5.23±0.55)cm、(96.09±9.84)mL、(3.79±0.39)d、(4.94±0.52)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,PTED组腰椎前屈、左侧屈、右侧屈、后伸度数及PT分别为(84.65±8.73)°、(24.83±2.70)°、(25.63±2.82)°、(25.89±2.78)°、(84.67±8.72)Nm,均高于对照组[(78.94±8.01)°、(21.38±2.25)°、(22.85±2.40)°、(21.97±2.44)°、(78.85±8.21)Nm],PTED组的ODI评分、F/E、AP分别为(27.65±3.01)分、(70.48±7.34)%、(40.37±4.31)W,均低于对照组[(32.84±3.46)分、(75.26±7.80)%、(35.72±3.73)W],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PTED组血清NE、P物质、五羟色胺水平分别为(1.32±0.14)pg/mL、(52.08±5.43)ng/mL、(0.18±0.02)μmol/mL,均低于对照组[(1.68±0.19)pg/mL、(69.94±7.27)ng/mL、(0.22±0.03)μmol/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PTED组术后总并发症发生率为1.82%,小于对照组(12.73%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PTED治疗LDH可减小手术创伤及术后并发症发生率,增强腰椎活动功能、脊柱功能,改善患者腰背肌生物力学性能,降低血清疼痛介质水平,有助于患者康复。

单侧双通道与经皮椎间孔内镜下治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效比较

目的比较单侧双通道内镜技术(unilateral biportal endoscopy,UBE)与经皮椎间孔脊柱内镜技术(percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy,PELD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2020年3月至2022年3月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院脊柱内镜治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者87例,UBE组39例,PELD组48例。分别记录两组患者的年龄、性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、住院时间、手术时间、术中透视次数、出血量、手术前后血红蛋白的减少值、随访时间、术后并发症。术前、术后1个月、3个月及12个月随访时进行腰腿痛视觉模拟量表(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI)评估。术后12个月应用改良MacNab标准评价临床疗效。比较两组患者术前、术后12个月硬膜囊面积变化。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术。两组患者的年龄、性别、BMI、住院时间、手术时间、随访时间、术后并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。UBE组术中出血量较PELD组多(P<0.05),但血红蛋白减少值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。UBE组术中透视次数少于PELD组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后1个月、3个月及12个月腰腿痛VAS评分和ODI较术前均明显下降(P<0.05),两组患者各时间点腰腿痛VAS评分及ODI差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后两组优良率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后12个月硬膜囊面积较术前均显著增大(P<0.05),UBE组较PELD组更为明显(P<0.05)。结论UBE与PELD治疗腰椎间盘突出症均可有效缓解疼痛,改善患者生活质量。UBE较PELD出血量略多,但术中透视次数少,硬膜囊面积的改善更优。

PETD与PEID治疗钙化型腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及并发症

目的探讨经皮椎间孔入路椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy,PETD)与经皮椎板间入路椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy,PEID)治疗钙化型腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及并发症。方法回顾性分析2019年12月至2021年12月60例钙化型腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料。按照手术方式分为PETD组28例、PEID组32例。比较两组手术治疗情况、术后并发症发生情况。术后随访6个月,比较两组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)变化,统计近期疗效。结果相较于PETD组,PEID组手术时间缩短,C型臂透视次数减少,髓核摘除量增加(P<0.05)。术后3d、3个月及6个月,两组VAS评分、ODI指数均低于入院时(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PETD组治疗优良率为92.86%,PEID组为90.63%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PETD组并发症发生率为14.29%,PEID组为12.50%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PETD、PEID治疗钙化型腰椎间盘突出症均具有较好短期疗效,并发症少,相较于PETD,PEID手术时间更短、C型臂透视次数更少、髓核摘除量更多。

经椎间孔镜下腰椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经椎间孔镜下腰椎间盘髓核摘除术(PELD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法采用PELD治疗50例腰椎间盘突出症患者。记录并发症发生情况,采用疼痛VAS评分、ODI评分评价患者疼痛以及腰椎功能改善情况,采用改良MacNab标准评价疗效。结果患者均获得12个月随访。术中发生硬膜囊撕裂1例,出血1例,类脊髓高压综合征2例。术后发生1例神经病理性疼痛。均未发生截瘫、感染等严重并发症。疼痛VAS评分、ODI评分术后各时间点均较术前降低(P<0.05);疼痛VAS评分术后1个月与术后1 d比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3、6、12个月均较术后1 d降低(P<0.05);疼痛VAS评分及ODI评分术后3、6、12个月均较术后1个月降低(P<0.05),术后6、12个月均较术后3个月进一步降低(P<0.05),术后12个月与术后6个月比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后12个月采用改良MacNab标准评价疗效:优37例,良10例,可3例,优良率94%。结论PELD治疗腰椎间盘突出症可缓解患者疼痛,改善患者腰椎功能,疗效较好。

经皮单通道与经皮单侧双通道脊柱内镜下腰椎间盘切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效比较

目的 比较经皮单通道脊柱内镜下腰椎间盘切除术(PELD)与经皮单侧双通道脊柱内镜下腰椎间盘切除术(UBED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的临床疗效。方法 2019年6月~2022年6月本院行经皮脊柱内镜下腰椎间盘切除术治疗的LDH病人102例,按治疗方法分为两组,PELD组51例,行PELD治疗;UBED组51例,行UBED治疗。比较两组手术时间,术中出血量,住院时间,术后椎管横截面积、椎间孔中部矢状径、椎间孔面积等影像学指标,疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS),Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)及手术疗效,记录两组硬膜撕裂、血肿等并发症发生情况。结果 两组手术时间、术后卧床时间、住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PELD组术中透视次数为(6.62±1.11)次,多于UBED组的(3.24±0.72)次,PELD组术中出血量为(21.56±4.79)ml,少于UBED组的(38.59±7.82)ml(P<0.05)。PELD组与UBED组术后VAS、ODI评分均较术前降低(P<0.05)。PELD组与UBED组术后椎管横截面积、椎间孔中部矢状径、椎间孔面积等影像学指标均较术前显著改善(P<0.05),但两组术后的各影像学指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PELD组与UBED组均有较高手术优良率,但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组手术相关并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(Fisher精确概率=0.999)。结论 PELD与UBED治疗LDH的临床疗效相当,但前者术中出血量较少,后者术中透视次数较少,受到的辐射较小。

单侧双通道内镜髓核摘除术联合纤维环缝合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨单侧双通道内镜髓核摘除术(UBED)联合纤维环缝合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的疗效。方法根据手术方式不同将83例LDH患者分为对照组(采用单纯UBED治疗,41例)和观察组(采用UBED联合纤维环缝合术治疗,42例)。记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、疼痛VAS评分、ODI、复发率及再手术情况,采用改良MacNab评分评价疗效。结果患者均获得随访,时间12~15个月。两组住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术时间及术中出血量观察组长(多)于对照组(P<0.05)。两组疼痛VAS评分及ODI术后3 d、1个月、6个月、12个月均较术前降低(P<0.05),且术后随时间延长逐渐降低(P<0.05);术后1个月ODI观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),其余各时段两组疼痛VAS评分、ODI比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组疗效优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组复发率及再手术率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论UBED联合纤维环缝合术治疗LDH可获得满意的临床效果,术后早期恢复更快,但存在手术时间延长、术中出血量增大的缺点。