Background Oligosaccharides in human milk may protect infants by improving the intestinal micro-flora and fermentation. This study was to investigate effects of infant formula milk consisting of galacto-oligosaccharid...Background Oligosaccharides in human milk may protect infants by improving the intestinal micro-flora and fermentation. This study was to investigate effects of infant formula milk consisting of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) on intestinal microbial populations and the fermentation characteristics in term infants in comparison with that of human milk. Methods The test formula (Frisolac H,Friesland,Netherland) was supplemented with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl. Human milk and another formula without oligosaccharides (Frisolac H,Friesland,Netherland) were used as positive and negative control respectively. Growth,stool characteristics,and side effects of the recruited infants were recorded after 3 and 6 months’ follow-up,and the fecal species were collected for the analysis of intestinal micro-flora,short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and pH.Results At the end of 3- and 6-month feeding period,intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk when compared with infants fed with negative control formula; however,there was no statistically significant difference between GOS supplemented formula and human milk groups. Stool characteristics were influenced by the supplement and main fecal SCFA (acetic),and stool frequency were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk,while the fecal pH was significantly decreased as compared with that of negative control ( P <0.05). Supplementation had no influence on incidence of side effects (including crying,regurgitation and vomiting). Conclusions Supplementing infant formula with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl stimulates the growth of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the intestine and stool characteristics are similar to in term infants fed with human milk.展开更多
目的筛选针对婴幼儿配方乳粉、发酵乳以及环境样品中沙门氏菌污染最灵敏的检测方法。方法对20种血清型沙门氏菌进行平行检测,对比美国食品与药品管理局/微生物分析手册(Food and Drug Adminis tration/B acteriological Analytical Manu...目的筛选针对婴幼儿配方乳粉、发酵乳以及环境样品中沙门氏菌污染最灵敏的检测方法。方法对20种血清型沙门氏菌进行平行检测,对比美国食品与药品管理局/微生物分析手册(Food and Drug Adminis tration/B acteriological Analytical Manual,FDA/BAM)Chapter 5:Salmonella、ISO 6579—2017 Microbiology of the food chain-Horizontal method for the detection,enumeration and serotyping of和GB 4789.4—2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验》沙门氏菌检验方法的检出限、灵敏度,使用不同基质(婴幼儿配方奶粉、发酵乳和环境样品)人工染菌样品对3个标准方法的样品适用性进行比较与评价。结果FDA/BAM、ISO 6579—2017、GB 4789.4—2016方法的检出限为10^(-1)~10^(0)CFU/样品。3个标准方法在10^(1)CFU/样品染菌水平灵敏度均为100%;100 CFU/样品染菌水平,灵敏度为95%、90%、90%;10^(-1)CFU/样品染菌水平,灵敏度为65%、50%、45%。对于3类人工污染沙门氏菌的样品,FDA/BAM方法的检出率显著高于ISO6579—2017和GB 4789—2016方法(P<0.05),ISO 6579—2017和GB 4789.4—2016方法检出率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论3种方法检出限一致,均可以有效检测食品中沙门氏菌,污染水平为10^(-1)~10^(0)CFU/样品时,FDA/BAM方法的灵敏度较高。在不同人工污染沙门氏菌食品基质中,FDA/BAM方法的检出率显著高于ISO6579—2017和GB 4789—2016。展开更多
基金Thisstudywassupportedby grantsfromFrieslandNutritionInstituteofNetherlandsandEdwardKellerCo Ltd ofChina (No .2 0 0 1sh)
文摘Background Oligosaccharides in human milk may protect infants by improving the intestinal micro-flora and fermentation. This study was to investigate effects of infant formula milk consisting of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) on intestinal microbial populations and the fermentation characteristics in term infants in comparison with that of human milk. Methods The test formula (Frisolac H,Friesland,Netherland) was supplemented with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl. Human milk and another formula without oligosaccharides (Frisolac H,Friesland,Netherland) were used as positive and negative control respectively. Growth,stool characteristics,and side effects of the recruited infants were recorded after 3 and 6 months’ follow-up,and the fecal species were collected for the analysis of intestinal micro-flora,short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and pH.Results At the end of 3- and 6-month feeding period,intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk when compared with infants fed with negative control formula; however,there was no statistically significant difference between GOS supplemented formula and human milk groups. Stool characteristics were influenced by the supplement and main fecal SCFA (acetic),and stool frequency were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk,while the fecal pH was significantly decreased as compared with that of negative control ( P <0.05). Supplementation had no influence on incidence of side effects (including crying,regurgitation and vomiting). Conclusions Supplementing infant formula with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl stimulates the growth of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the intestine and stool characteristics are similar to in term infants fed with human milk.
文摘目的筛选针对婴幼儿配方乳粉、发酵乳以及环境样品中沙门氏菌污染最灵敏的检测方法。方法对20种血清型沙门氏菌进行平行检测,对比美国食品与药品管理局/微生物分析手册(Food and Drug Adminis tration/B acteriological Analytical Manual,FDA/BAM)Chapter 5:Salmonella、ISO 6579—2017 Microbiology of the food chain-Horizontal method for the detection,enumeration and serotyping of和GB 4789.4—2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验》沙门氏菌检验方法的检出限、灵敏度,使用不同基质(婴幼儿配方奶粉、发酵乳和环境样品)人工染菌样品对3个标准方法的样品适用性进行比较与评价。结果FDA/BAM、ISO 6579—2017、GB 4789.4—2016方法的检出限为10^(-1)~10^(0)CFU/样品。3个标准方法在10^(1)CFU/样品染菌水平灵敏度均为100%;100 CFU/样品染菌水平,灵敏度为95%、90%、90%;10^(-1)CFU/样品染菌水平,灵敏度为65%、50%、45%。对于3类人工污染沙门氏菌的样品,FDA/BAM方法的检出率显著高于ISO6579—2017和GB 4789—2016方法(P<0.05),ISO 6579—2017和GB 4789.4—2016方法检出率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论3种方法检出限一致,均可以有效检测食品中沙门氏菌,污染水平为10^(-1)~10^(0)CFU/样品时,FDA/BAM方法的灵敏度较高。在不同人工污染沙门氏菌食品基质中,FDA/BAM方法的检出率显著高于ISO6579—2017和GB 4789—2016。
