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Effect of safety valve types on the gas venting behavior and thermal runaway hazard severity of large-format prismatic lithium iron phosphate batteries 被引量:2
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作者 Zhuangzhuang Jia Yuanyuan Min +5 位作者 Peng Qin Wenxin Mei Xiangdong Meng Kaiqiang Jin Jinhua Sun Qingsong Wang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期195-207,I0006,共14页
The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the ... The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the TR hazard severity of LIBs,are not known.In this paper,the TR and gas venting behavior of three 100 A h lithium iron phosphate(LFP)batteries with different safety valves are investigated under overheating.Compared to previous studies,the main contribution of this work is in studying and evaluating the effect of gas venting behavior and TR hazard severity of LFP batteries with three safety valve types.Two significant results are obtained:(Ⅰ)the safety valve type dominates over gas venting pressure of battery during safety venting,the maximum gas venting pressure of LFP batteries with a round safety valve is 3320 Pa,which is one order of magnitude higher than other batteries with oval or cavity safety valve;(Ⅱ)the LFP battery with oval safety valve has the lowest TR hazard as shown by the TR hazard assessment model based on gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.This study reveals the effect of safety valve type on TR and gas venting,providing a clear direction for the safety valve design. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium iron phosphate battery Safety valve Thermal runaway Gas venting behavior Thermal runaway hazard severity Gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
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Study on Preparation of Cathode Material of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery by Self-Craning Thermal Method
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作者 Maosen Pan Yali Ge Bo-hao Lin 《Journal of Electronic Research and Application》 2024年第6期194-199,共6页
The cathode material of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO4/C)lithium-ion battery was synthesized by a self-winding thermal method.The material was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron... The cathode material of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO4/C)lithium-ion battery was synthesized by a self-winding thermal method.The material was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/C materials were measured by the constant current charge-discharge method and cyclic voltammetry.The results showed that the LiFePO4/C material prepared by the self-propagating heat method has a typical olivine crystal structure,and the product had fine grains and good electrochemical properties.The optimal sintering temperature is 700℃,the sintering time is 24 h,the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate material is about 300 nm,and the maximum discharge capacity is 121 mAh/g at 0.1 C rate. 展开更多
关键词 BATTERY Cathode material Lithium iron phosphate Autocratic heat method
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Phosphorus release from phosphate rock and iron phosphate by low-molecular-weight organic acids 被引量:12
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作者 XURen-kou ZHUYong-guan DavidChittleborough 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2004年第1期5-8,共4页
Low-molecular-weight(LMW) organic acids widely exist in soils, particularly in the rhizosphere. A series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the phosphorus release from rock phosphate and iron phospha... Low-molecular-weight(LMW) organic acids widely exist in soils, particularly in the rhizosphere. A series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the phosphorus release from rock phosphate and iron phosphate by low-molecular-weight organic acids. Results showed that citric acid had the highest capacity to solubilize P from both rock and iron phosphate. P solubilization from rock phosphate and iron phosphate resulted in net proton consumption. P release from rock phosphate was positively correlated with the p K _a values. P release from iron phosphate was positively correlated with Fe-organic acid stability constants except for aromatic acids, but was not correlated with p K _a. Increase in the concentrations of organic acids enhanced P solubilization from both rock and iron phosphate almost linearly. Addition of phenolic compounds further increased the P release from iron phosphate. Initial solution pH had much more substantial effect on P release from rock phosphate than from iron phosphate. 展开更多
关键词 organic acid phosphate release RHIZOSPHERE rock phosphate iron phosphate
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Process for recycle of spent lithium iron phosphate battery via a selective leaching-precipitation method 被引量:23
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作者 LI Hao-yu YE Hua +1 位作者 SUN Ming-cang CHEN Wu-jie 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第11期3239-3248,共10页
Applying spent lithium iron phosphate battery as raw material,valuable metals in spent lithium ion battery were effectively recovered through separation of active material,selective leaching,and stepwise chemical prec... Applying spent lithium iron phosphate battery as raw material,valuable metals in spent lithium ion battery were effectively recovered through separation of active material,selective leaching,and stepwise chemical precipitation.Using stoichiometric Na2S2O8 as an oxidant and adding low-concentration H2SO4 as a leaching agent was proposed.This route was totally different from the conventional methods of dissolving all of the elements into solution by using excess mineral acid.When experiments were done under optimal conditions(Na2S2O8-to-Li molar ratio 0.45,0.30 mol/L H2SO4,60℃,1.5 h),leaching efficiencies of 97.53% for Li^+,1.39%for Fe^3+,and 2.58% for PO4^3−were recorded.FePO4 was then recovered by a precipitation method from the leachate while maintaining the pH at 2.0.The mother liquor was concentrated and maintained at a temperature of approximately 100℃,and then a saturated sodium carbonate solution was added to precipitate Li2CO3.The lithium recovery yield was close to 80%. 展开更多
关键词 lithium iron phosphate batteries selective leaching RECOVERY sodium persulfate lithium carbonate
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Pretreatment of Raw Biochar and Phosphate Removal Performance of Modified Granular Iron/Biochar 被引量:7
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作者 Jing Ren Nan Li +1 位作者 Lin Zhao Lei Li 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2017年第4期340-350,共11页
Biochar is a potential carrier for nutrients due to its porous nature and abundant functional groups. However, raw biochar has a limited or even negative capacity to adsorb phosphate. To enhance phosphate removal and ... Biochar is a potential carrier for nutrients due to its porous nature and abundant functional groups. However, raw biochar has a limited or even negative capacity to adsorb phosphate. To enhance phosphate removal and reduce phosphate releases, acidic, alkaline, and surfactant pretreatments, followed by granulation and ferric oxide loading, were applied to raw biochar powder (Bp). The alkaline pretreatment proved to be the most effective method and exhibited significant pore expansion and surface oxidation. Bg-OH-FO showed the highest phosphate removal efficiency at 99.2% (initial phosphate concentration of 20 mg/L) after granulation and ferric oxide loading. Static adsorption results indicated that a pH value of 4 was the most suitable for phosphate adsorption because of the surface properties of Bg-OH-FO and the distribution of P (V) in water. Higher temperatures and a larger initial phosphate concentration led to better adsorption; the adsorption capacity of Bg-OH-FO was 1.91 mg/g at 313 K with an initial phosphate concentration of 50 mg/L. The Bg-OH-FO adsorption process was endothermic in nature. The Freundlich model seemed to be the optimum isotherm model for Bg-OH-FO. Under continuous adsorption, the flow rate and bed depth were changed to optimize the operation conditions. The results indicate that a slow flow rate and high bed depth helped increase the removal efficiency (η) of the fixed bed. The breakthrough curves fitted well with the Yoon–Nelson model. © 2017, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. 展开更多
关键词 ALKALINITY Efficiency GRANULATION iron oxides phosphateS
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AN IRREVERSIBILITY PHENOMENA IN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF THE MELTS IN SODIUM IRON PHOSPHATE SYSTEM 被引量:2
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作者 F. Y. Chen1)and E. D. Delber2) 1) State Key Laboratory of Solidification Process,Northwestern Polytechnic University ,Xi’an 710072 ,China 2) Department of Ceramics Engineering , University of Missouri Rolla, Rolla, Mo 654301 , USA 《Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1999年第4期633-636,共4页
Theelectricalresistivityofsodium iron phosphate melts wasinvestigated asa functionoftem peratureand composition. Irreversibility was found in thetemperature dependent electricalresistivityinthe melts withlow Na2 Ocon... Theelectricalresistivityofsodium iron phosphate melts wasinvestigated asa functionoftem peratureand composition. Irreversibility was found in thetemperature dependent electricalresistivityinthe melts withlow Na2 Ocontentduringtheheating andcoolingcycle. Theirre versibility wasreduced withincreasing Na2 Ocontent. Theelectricalresistivity tendedto de creaseslightly withtime. Theelectricalconduction ofthe meltscontainingsimulatedindustry waste wassimilartothatofthe melts withsimilarsodacontent. Thetemperature dependent electricalresistivity and activation energy ofthese melts was discussed using the Motttheory and wascorrelatedtothe Fe(II) contentinthe melts 展开更多
关键词 IRREVERSIBILITY electricalresistivity iron phosphate melts
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Enrichment of Phosphate on Ferrous Iron Phases during Bio-Reduction of Ferrihydrite 被引量:1
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作者 Qingman Li Xingxiang Wang +4 位作者 Dan Kan Rebecca Bartlett Gilles Pinay Yu Ding Wei Ma 《International Journal of Geosciences》 2012年第2期314-320,共7页
The reduction of less stable ferric hydroxides and formation of ferrous phases is critical for the fate of phosphorus in anaerobic soils and sediments. The interaction between ferrous iron and phosphate was investigat... The reduction of less stable ferric hydroxides and formation of ferrous phases is critical for the fate of phosphorus in anaerobic soils and sediments. The interaction between ferrous iron and phosphate was investigated experimentally during the reduction of synthetic ferrihydrite with natural organic materials as carbon source. Ferrihydrite was readily reduced by dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria (DIRB) with between 52% and 73% Fe(III) converted to Fe(II) after 31 days, higher than without DIRB. Formation of ferrous phases was linearly coupled to almost complete removal of both aqueous and exchangeable phosphate. Simple model calculations based on the incubation data suggested ferrous phases bound phosphate with a molar ratio of Fe(II):P between 1.14 - 2.25 or a capacity of 246 - 485 mg·P·g-1 Fe(II). XRD analysis indicated that the ratio of Fe(II): P was responsible for the precipitation of vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O), a dominant Fe(II) phosphate mineral in incubation systems. When the ratio of Fe(II):P was more than 1.5, the precipitation of Fe(II) phosphate was soundly crystallized to vivianite. Thus, reduction of ferric iron provides a mechanism for the further removal of available phosphate via the production of ferrous phases, with anaerobic soils and sediments potentially exhibiting a higher capacity to bind phosphate than some aerobic systems. 展开更多
关键词 phosphate iron Reduction FERRIHYDRITE FERROUS iron VIVIANITE
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A Recycling Technique of Iron Phosphate Containing Sludge 被引量:1
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作者 Takahashi Masaaki Takemoto Yukimasa Hukaya Yuriko 《材料科学与工程(中英文A版)》 2015年第5期245-248,共4页
关键词 脱水污泥 回收处理技术 磷酸盐 含铁 氢氧化钠溶液 氢氧化物 水处理过程 FE2O3
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Electrodeposited Cobalt-Iron Alloy Thin-Film for Potentiometric Hydrogen Phosphate-Ion Sensor 被引量:1
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作者 Toru Kidosaki Satoko Takase Youichi Shimizu 《Journal of Sensor Technology》 2012年第3期95-101,共7页
A cobalt-iron alloy thin-film electrode-based electrochemical hydrogen-phosphate-ion sensor was prepared by electrodepositing on an Au-coated Al2O3 substrate from an aqueous solution of metal-salts. The use of a cobal... A cobalt-iron alloy thin-film electrode-based electrochemical hydrogen-phosphate-ion sensor was prepared by electrodepositing on an Au-coated Al2O3 substrate from an aqueous solution of metal-salts. The use of a cobalt-iron alloy electrode greatly improved the hydrogen-ion sensor response performance, i.e., the sensor worked stably for more than 7 weeks and showed a quick response time of several seconds. Among the cobalt and iron alloy systems tested, the electrodeposited Co58Fe42 thin-film electrode showed the best EMF response characteristics, i.e., the sensor exhibited a linear potentiometric response to hydrogen-phosphate ion at the concentration range between 1.0 × 10–5 and 1.0 × 10–2 M with the slope of –43 mV/decade at pH 5.0 and at 30℃. A sensing mechanism of the Co-based potentiometric hydrogen-phosphate ion sensor was proposed on the basis of results of instrumental analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Hydrogen-phosphate Ion Sensor Cobalt-iron Alloy Thin-Film ELECTRODE ELECTRODEPOSITION
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Contribntion of Iron Phosphate in Calcareous Paddy Soils to Phosphorus Nntrition of Rice Plant
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作者 GUO ZHI-FEN TU SHU-XIN +1 位作者 LI XIAO-HUA PAN YONG and ZHANG YI-CHUN(Institute of Atomic Energy in Agricultural Use, Hubei Academy of Agricultrual Sciences, Wuhan 450064( China) 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1995年第3期275-281,共7页
A study was carried out on contribution of iron pbosphate to phosphorus nutrition of rice plant nnderwaterlogged and moist conditions, respectively, by use of synthetic Fe ̄(32) PO_4 . nH_2O, tagging directly the iron... A study was carried out on contribution of iron pbosphate to phosphorus nutrition of rice plant nnderwaterlogged and moist conditions, respectively, by use of synthetic Fe ̄(32) PO_4 . nH_2O, tagging directly the ironphophate in calcareous paddy soils.Results showed that under waterlogged condition, similar to iron phosphate in acidic paddy soils, that incalcareous paddy soils was an important source of phosphorus to rice plant, and the amount of phosphorusoriginated from it generally constituted 30-65% of the total phosphorus absorbed by rice plant. 展开更多
关键词 calcareous soil iron phosphate phosphorus nutrition RICE
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Synthesis and Powder Properties of Bivalent Iron-Tetravalent Cerium Phosphates
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作者 Hiroaki Onoda Takeshi Sakumura 《材料科学与工程(中英文A版)》 2013年第2期75-81,共7页
关键词 磷酸盐颜料 四价铈 二价铁 性质 粉末 合成 黄色颜料 过氧化氢
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The Role of Replacing CdO by Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>on the Fast Neutron Removal Cross Sections in Cd-Boro Phosphate Glass Shield
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作者 Hanaa A. Sallam Heba A. Saudy 《World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics》 2013年第1期62-66,共5页
This work deals with the application of [MERCSF-N] computer program in calculating the macroscopic effective removal cross-section of fast neutrons, ΣR (cm-1), for two different boro phosphate glass systems: (0.5 - x... This work deals with the application of [MERCSF-N] computer program in calculating the macroscopic effective removal cross-section of fast neutrons, ΣR (cm-1), for two different boro phosphate glass systems: (0.5 - x) CdO-x Fe2O3-0.4 P2O5-0.1 B2O3 and (0.5 - x) B2O3-x Fe2O3-0.1 CdO-0.4 P2O5 (with 0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 by mole), to realize from the role of iron in the attenuation process and hence the usefulness of the glass containing iron as neutrons shielding material. The effect of replacing cadmium and boron oxides by iron oxide has been analyzed which proved that iron is more efficient than cadmium in attenuating and removing fast neutrons and that the presence of small amounts of B2O3 at least 0.1 mole fraction, with iron is needed to aid improving the removal cross-section of iron phosphate glasses. Experimental IR results are developed and used to trace the structural change and confirm the role of iron in the removal cross section. 展开更多
关键词 iron phosphate Glasses Fast NEUTRON REMOVAL Cross-Section
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Preparation of Novel Scorzalite Imitated Phosphate Pigments
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作者 Hiroaki Onoda Ryota Sasaki 《材料科学与工程(中英文A版)》 2021年第2期35-39,共5页
Novel phosphate pigments imitated with Scorzalite,FeAl2(PO4)2(OH)2,were prepared from iron and aluminum nitrate solutions,ascorbic acid,and phosphoric acid with pH adjustments(pH 5,7,9).The obtained precipitates were ... Novel phosphate pigments imitated with Scorzalite,FeAl2(PO4)2(OH)2,were prepared from iron and aluminum nitrate solutions,ascorbic acid,and phosphoric acid with pH adjustments(pH 5,7,9).The obtained precipitates were heated at 300,500,and 700°C for 1 h.The precipitates and their thermal products were estimated with X-ray diffraction(XRD),Infrared(IR)spectra,ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)reflectance spectra,and L*a*b*color space.The precipitated sample was not clearly colored,but it turned orange to red when heated.Samples prepared at low pH showed higher whiteness than samples prepared at high pH.The theoretical amount of ascorbic acid was sufficient to completely reduce iron during the adjustment.This study showed the possibility of novel inorganic phosphate red pigment. 展开更多
关键词 iron aluminum phosphate natural ore red pigment
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The Effects of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>and B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>on the Glass Structural, Thermal, <i>in Vitro</i>Degradation Properties of Phosphate Based Glasses
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作者 Chenkai Zhu Jinsong Liu +5 位作者 Songling Huang Lizhe He Xiaoye Cong Chao Tan Chris Rudd Xiaoling Liu 《New Journal of Glass and Ceramics》 2017年第4期100-115,共16页
Currently, phosphate based glasses have been potential future biomaterial for medical application due to excellent cytocompatibility and fully bioresorbability. In this study, phosphate based glass system with composi... Currently, phosphate based glasses have been potential future biomaterial for medical application due to excellent cytocompatibility and fully bioresorbability. In this study, phosphate based glass system with composition of 48P2O5-12B2O3-(25-X)MgO-14CaO-1Na2O-(X)Fe2O3 (X = 6, 8, 10) and 45P2O5-(Y)B2O3-(32-Y)MgO-14CaO-1Na2O-8Fe2O3 (Y = 12, 15, 20), was prepared via a melting quenching process. The effect of replacing MgO with Fe2O3 and B2O3 on the structural, thermal, degradation properties of phosphate based glass was investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the polymerisation of phosphate based glass network with addition of Fe2O3, thus the processing window was observed to increase whilst the dissolution rate was reduced, attributed to the formation of Fe-O-P cross-link. As the effect on the glass structure stability was demonstrated by both B2O3 and MgO, the nonlinear variation of thermal stability and degradation behaviour was observed for glass system with substitution of MgO by B2O3. However, due to the lower dissolution rate of glass system when compared to the biocompatible phosphate based glass in preliminary study, the expected cytocompatibility could be confirmed in the downstream activities. 展开更多
关键词 phosphate Based GLASS Boron iron THERMAL Properties DEGRADATION Study
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Changes in Inositol Phosphates in Low Phytic Acid Field Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>L.) Lines during Germination and in Response to Fertilization
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作者 Dil Thavarajah Pushparajah Thavarajah +4 位作者 Darshika Amarakoon Abby Fenlason Casey R. Johnson Phil Knutson Thomas D. Warkentin 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2013年第2期251-256,共6页
Inositol phosphates are the main form of phosphorous (P) storage in legume seeds. Mutants low in inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), also known as phytic acid (PA), have been developed to increase iron (Fe) bioavailability ... Inositol phosphates are the main form of phosphorous (P) storage in legume seeds. Mutants low in inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), also known as phytic acid (PA), have been developed to increase iron (Fe) bioavailability and reduce P waste to the environment. The objectives of this study were to determine 1) inositol-P form changes during germination, and 2) the effect of P fertilizer application on seed PA, total P, and Fe concentration of three field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars and two low-PA lines grown under greenhouse conditions. Low-PA field pea lines clearly had lower PA (1.3 - 1.4 mg·g-1) than cultivars (3.1 - 3.7 mg·g-1). Phytic acid concentration in both cultivars and low-PA lines decreased during germination, but tended to increase seven days after germination. Levels of inositol-3-phosphate-phosphate (IP3-P;0.6 mg·g-1) and inorganic P (1.8 - 2.0 mg·g-1) were higher in low-PA lines than in the field pea cultivars. Reduction of PA in low-PA line seeds may reduce seed Fe and total P concentrations, as levels in the low-PA lines (37 - 42 mg·kg-1 Fe;4003 - 4473 mg·kg-1 total P) were typically less than in field pea cultivars (37 - 55 mg·kg-1 Fe;3208 - 4985 mg·kg-1 total P) at different P fertilizer rates. Overall, IP3 is the major form of P present in low-PA field pea lines during germination;however IP6 is the major form of P present in field pea cultivars. Therefore, low-PA field pea lines could be a potential solution to increase Fe bioavailability, feed P utilization, and reduce P waste to the environment. 展开更多
关键词 Phytic ACID Inositol-3-phosphate Low Phytic ACID MUTANTS Field PEAS iron Phosphorus
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Hydrometallurgical recovery of lithium carbonate and iron phosphate from blended cathode materials of spent lithium-ion battery
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作者 Shao-Le Song Run-Qing Liu +3 位作者 Miao-Miao Sun Ai-Gang Zhen Fan-Zhen Kong Yue Yang 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期1275-1287,共13页
The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode materials.In reality,the blended materials of lithium iron pho... The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode materials.In reality,the blended materials of lithium iron phosphate and ternary are widely used in electric vehicles,so it is critical to design an effective recycling technique.In this study,an efficient method for recovering Li and Fe from the blended cathode materials of spent LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)batteries is proposed.First,87%A1 was removed by alkali leaching.Then,91.65%Li,72.08%Ni,64.6%Co and 71.66%Mn were further separated by selective leaching with H_(2)SO_(4)and H_(2)O_(2).Li,Ni,Co and Mn in solution were recovered in the form of Li_(2)CO_(3)and hydroxide respectively.Subsequently,98.38%Fe was leached from the residue by two stage process,and it is recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O with a purity of 99.5%by precipitation.Fe and P were present in FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O in amounts of 28.34%and 15.98%,respectively.Additionally,the drift and control of various components were discussed,and cost-benefit analysis was used to assess the feasibility of potential application. 展开更多
关键词 Spent lithium-ion battery Blended cathode materials RECOVERY Lithium carbonate iron phosphate
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Effect of competing solutes on arsenic(Ⅴ) adsorption using iron and aluminum oxides 被引量:10
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作者 Youngran Jeong FAN Maohong +1 位作者 Johannes Van Leeuwen Joshua F. Belczyk 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第8期910-919,共10页
The study focused on the effect of several typical competing solutes on removal of arsenic with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The test results indicate that chloride, nitrate and sulfate did not have detectable effects, and that s... The study focused on the effect of several typical competing solutes on removal of arsenic with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The test results indicate that chloride, nitrate and sulfate did not have detectable effects, and that selenium(Ⅳ) (Se(Ⅳ)) and vanadium(Ⅴ) (V(Ⅴ)) showed slight effects on the adsorption of As(Ⅴ) with Fe2O3. The results also showed that adsorption of As(Ⅴ) on A12O3 was not affected by chloride and nitrate anions, but slightly by Se(Ⅳ) and V(Ⅴ) ions. Unlike the adsorption of As(Ⅴ) with Fe2O3, that with Fe2O3 was affected by the presence of sulfate in water solutions. Both phosphate and silica have significant adverse effects on the adsorption of As(Ⅴ) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Compared to the other tested anions, phosphate anion was found to be the most prominent solute affecting the As(Ⅴ) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. In general, Fe2O3 has a better performance than Al2O3 in removal of As(Ⅴ) within a water environment where multi competing solutes are present. 展开更多
关键词 ADSORPTION ARSENIC iron oxide aluminum oxide SULFATE selenium(Ⅳ) vanadium(Ⅴ) phosphate silica
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Effects of different iron sources on the performance of LiFePO_4/C composite cathode materials 被引量:6
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作者 Fei Gao Zhiyuan Tang Jianjun Xue 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2008年第6期802-807,共6页
Olivine LiFePO4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized by a solid state method in N2 + 5vol% H2 atmosphere. The effects of different iron sources, including Fe(OH)3 and FeC2O4·2H2O, on the performance ... Olivine LiFePO4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized by a solid state method in N2 + 5vol% H2 atmosphere. The effects of different iron sources, including Fe(OH)3 and FeC2O4·2H2O, on the performance of as-synthesized cathode materials were investigated and the causes were also analyzed. The crystal structure, the morphology, and the electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser particle-size distribution measurement, and other electrochemical techniques. The results demonstrate that the LiFePO4/C materials obtained from Fe(OH)3 at 800℃ and FeC2O4·2H2O at 700℃ have the similar electrochemical performances. The initial discharge capacities of LiFePO4/C synthesized from Fe(OH)3 and FeC2O4·2H2O are 134.5 mAh.g^-1 and 137.4 mAh.g^-1 at the C/5 rate, respectively. How- ever, the tap density of the LiFePO4/C materials obtained from Fe(OH)3 are higher, which is significant for the improvement of the capacity of the battery. 展开更多
关键词 iron sources lithium iron phosphate cathode material solid state method
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Effect of calcium compounds on direct reduction and phosphorus removal of high-phosphorus iron ore 被引量:5
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作者 WU Shi-chao LI Zheng-yao +2 位作者 SUN Ti-chang LI Xiao-hui XU Cheng-yan 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第2期443-454,共12页
The increasing demand for iron ore in the world causes the continuous exhaustion of magnetite resources.The utilization of high-phosphorus iron ore becomes the focus.With calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3)),calcium chloride(C... The increasing demand for iron ore in the world causes the continuous exhaustion of magnetite resources.The utilization of high-phosphorus iron ore becomes the focus.With calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3)),calcium chloride(CaCl_(2)),or calcium sulfate(CaSO_(4))as additive,the process of direct reduction and phosphorus removal of high-phosphorus iron ore(phosphorus mainly occurred in the form of Fe_(3)PO_(7) and apatite)was studied by using the technique of direct reductiongrinding-magnetic separation.The mechanism of calcium compounds to reduce phosphorus was investigated from thermodynamics,iron metallization degree,mineral composition and microstructure.Results showed that Fe_(3)PO_(7) was reduced to elemental phosphorus without calcium compounds.The iron-phosphorus alloy was generated by react of metallic iron and phosphorus,resulting in high phosphorus in reduced iron products.CaCO_(3) promoted the reduction of hematite and magnetite,and improved iron metallization degree,but inhibited the growth of metallic iron particles.CaCl_(2) strengthened the growth of iron particles.However,the recovery of iron was reduced due to the formation of volatile FeCl_(2).CaSO_(4) promoted the growth of iron particles,but the recovery of iron was drastically reduced due to the formation of non-magnetic FeS.CaCO_(3),CaCl_(2) or CaSO_(4) could react with Fe_(3)PO_(7) to form calcium phosphate(Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)).With the addition of CaCO_(3),Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) was closely combined with fine iron particles.It is difficult to separate iron and phosphorus by grinding and magnetic separation,resulting in the reduced iron product phosphorus content of 0.18%.In the presence of CaCl_(2) or CaSO_(4),the boundary between the generated Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and the metallic iron particles was obvious.Phosphorus was removed by grinding and magnetic separation,and the phosphorus content in the reduced iron product was less than 0.10%. 展开更多
关键词 high-phosphorus iron ore direct reduction calcium compounds phosphorus removal calcium phosphate tribasic
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液氮抑制32650型磷酸铁锂电池组热失控传播特性试验研究 被引量:1
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作者 张媛媛 张志伟 +1 位作者 赵子明 张国维 《消防科学与技术》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第2期156-161,共6页
文章从磷酸铁锂电池组热失控危险特性出发,通过试验研究32650型磷酸铁锂电池单体热失控特征及其电池组间热失控传播过程。探究利用液氮喷淋阻断电池组间热失控传播,分析液氮对磷酸铁锂电池的防灭火效能。结果表明:单体锂电池热失控可划... 文章从磷酸铁锂电池组热失控危险特性出发,通过试验研究32650型磷酸铁锂电池单体热失控特征及其电池组间热失控传播过程。探究利用液氮喷淋阻断电池组间热失控传播,分析液氮对磷酸铁锂电池的防灭火效能。结果表明:单体锂电池热失控可划分为被动加热、安全阀泄压、自反应、喷射火、明火熄灭等5个阶段,单体电池温度变化曲线呈倒“V”形。液氮可有效阻断电池组间的热失控传播,能够大幅降低喷射火阶段的电池峰值温度。且喷淋时间越长,阻止电池组热失控传播越明显。30 s液氮喷淋条件下,除电池A1外,其他电池未进入安全阀泄压阶段。 展开更多
关键词 磷酸铁锂电池 热失控 液氮 冷却降温
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