Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and the incidence of this disease is expected to continue increasing.While patients with pancreatic cancer have traditionally faced a dismal prognosis,over the ...Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and the incidence of this disease is expected to continue increasing.While patients with pancreatic cancer have traditionally faced a dismal prognosis,over the past several years various advances in diagnosis and treatment have begun to positively impact this disease.Identification of effective combinations of existing chemotherapeutic agents,such as the FOLFIRINOX and the gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel regimen,has improved survival for selected patients although concerns regarding their toxicity profiles remain.A better understanding of pancreatic carcinogenesis has identified several pre-malignant precursor lesions,such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,and cystic neoplasms.Imaging technology has also evolved dramatically so as to allow early detection of these lesions and thereby facilitate earlier management.Surgery remains a cornerstone of treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic tumors,and advances in surgical technique have allowed patients to undergo resection with decreasing perioperative morbidity and mortality.Surgery has also become feasible in selected patients with borderline resectable tumors as a result of neoadjuvant therapy.Furthermore,pancreatectomy involving vascular reconstruction and pancreatectomy with minimally invasive techniques have demonstrated safety without significantly compromising oncologic outcomes.Lastly,a deeper understanding of molecular aberrations contributing to the development of pancreatic cancer shows promise for future development of more targeted and safe therapeutic agents.展开更多
High myopia, is a condition of the diopter over -6.00D, accompanied by axial extension and fundus changes, suchas temporal arc plaque, pigment epithelium thinning, leopard-shaped fundus, fuchs spot, retina choroidal a...High myopia, is a condition of the diopter over -6.00D, accompanied by axial extension and fundus changes, suchas temporal arc plaque, pigment epithelium thinning, leopard-shaped fundus, fuchs spot, retina choroidal atrophy,progressive decline in vision, as well as amblyopia, glaucoma, cataract, vitreous opacity, retinal detachment andother ophthalmic diseases. High myopia is one of the common causes of blindness in China. It is necessary toreview these cases in order to better guide the clinical and improve the level of vision of patients.展开更多
The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is poor,making it one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death. The 5-year overall survival rate remains below 5% and little progress is made during the past decade. Only...The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is poor,making it one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death. The 5-year overall survival rate remains below 5% and little progress is made during the past decade. Only about 10%-20% of patients are eligible for curative-intent surgery and the majority end up having recurring disease even after radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in metastatic disease is palliative at best,aiming at disease and symptom control and prolongation of life. Treatment always causes side effects,the degree of which varies from patient to patient,depending on the patient's general condition,concomitant morbidities as well as on the chosen treatment modality. Why is pancreatic cancer so resistant to treatment? How to best help the patient to reach the set treatment goals?展开更多
文摘Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and the incidence of this disease is expected to continue increasing.While patients with pancreatic cancer have traditionally faced a dismal prognosis,over the past several years various advances in diagnosis and treatment have begun to positively impact this disease.Identification of effective combinations of existing chemotherapeutic agents,such as the FOLFIRINOX and the gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel regimen,has improved survival for selected patients although concerns regarding their toxicity profiles remain.A better understanding of pancreatic carcinogenesis has identified several pre-malignant precursor lesions,such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,and cystic neoplasms.Imaging technology has also evolved dramatically so as to allow early detection of these lesions and thereby facilitate earlier management.Surgery remains a cornerstone of treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic tumors,and advances in surgical technique have allowed patients to undergo resection with decreasing perioperative morbidity and mortality.Surgery has also become feasible in selected patients with borderline resectable tumors as a result of neoadjuvant therapy.Furthermore,pancreatectomy involving vascular reconstruction and pancreatectomy with minimally invasive techniques have demonstrated safety without significantly compromising oncologic outcomes.Lastly,a deeper understanding of molecular aberrations contributing to the development of pancreatic cancer shows promise for future development of more targeted and safe therapeutic agents.
文摘High myopia, is a condition of the diopter over -6.00D, accompanied by axial extension and fundus changes, suchas temporal arc plaque, pigment epithelium thinning, leopard-shaped fundus, fuchs spot, retina choroidal atrophy,progressive decline in vision, as well as amblyopia, glaucoma, cataract, vitreous opacity, retinal detachment andother ophthalmic diseases. High myopia is one of the common causes of blindness in China. It is necessary toreview these cases in order to better guide the clinical and improve the level of vision of patients.
文摘The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is poor,making it one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death. The 5-year overall survival rate remains below 5% and little progress is made during the past decade. Only about 10%-20% of patients are eligible for curative-intent surgery and the majority end up having recurring disease even after radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in metastatic disease is palliative at best,aiming at disease and symptom control and prolongation of life. Treatment always causes side effects,the degree of which varies from patient to patient,depending on the patient's general condition,concomitant morbidities as well as on the chosen treatment modality. Why is pancreatic cancer so resistant to treatment? How to best help the patient to reach the set treatment goals?
