Background: To examine the differences in prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome, early-onset sepsis and jaundice, between late preterm infants versus term infants in Ecuadorian newborns. Methods: Study design: E...Background: To examine the differences in prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome, early-onset sepsis and jaundice, between late preterm infants versus term infants in Ecuadorian newborns. Methods: Study design: Epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional, with two cohorts of patients. Settings: IESS Quito Sur Hospital at Quito, Ecuador, from February to April of 2020. Participants: This study included 204 newborns, 102 preterm infants, 102 term infants. Results: There are significant differences between late preterm infants and term infants, with a p-value of 0.000 in the prevalence of early sepsis, 70.59% vs. 35.29%. In respiratory distress syndrome between late and term premature infants, significant differences were observed with a p-value of 0.000, the proportion being 55.58% vs. 24.51% respectively. The prevalence of jaundice is higher in term infants with a p value of 0.002, 72.55%, versus 51.96% in late preterm infants, and the mean value of bilirubins in mg/dL was higher in term infants 14.32 versus 12.33 in late preterm infants;this difference is statistically significant with a p value of 0.004. Admission to the NICU is more frequent in late preterm infants with a p-value of 0.000, being 42.16% for late preterm infants vs. 7.84% in term infants;the mean of the hospital days with p-value 0.005, was higher in late preterm infants 4.97 days vs. 3.55 days for term newborns. Conclusion: Due to the conditions of their immaturity, late preterm infants are 2.86 times more likely to present early sepsis than full-term newborns. It is shown that late preterm infants are 2.69 times more likely to have respiratory distress syndrome compared to term infants, therefore, late preterm infants have a longer hospital stay of 4.97 days versus 3.55 days in term infants. Jaundice and mean bilirubin levels are higher in term infants due to blood group incompatibility and insufficient breastfeeding.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent liver neoplasm,and its incidence rates are constantly increasing.Despite the availability of potentially curative treatments(liver transplantation,surgical resection,t...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent liver neoplasm,and its incidence rates are constantly increasing.Despite the availability of potentially curative treatments(liver transplantation,surgical resection,thermal ablation),long-term outcomes are affected by a high recurrence rate(up to 70%of cases 5 years after treatment).HCC recurrence within 2 years of treatment is defined as“early”and is generally caused by the occult intrahepatic spread of the primary neoplasm and related to the tumor burden.A recurrence that occurs after 2 years of treatment is defined as“late”and is related to de novo HCC,independent of the primary neoplasm.Early HCC recurrence has a significantly poorer prognosis and outcome than late recurrence.Different pathogenesis corresponds to different predictors of the risk of early or late recurrence.An adequate knowledge of predictive factors and recurrence risk stratification guides the therapeutic strategy and post-treatment surveillance.Patients at high risk of HCC recurrence should be referred to treatments with the lowest recurrence rate and when standardized to combined or adjuvant therapy regimens.This review aimed to expose the recurrence predictors and examine the differences between predictors of early and late recurrence.展开更多
The southwest Lahad Datu felsic rocks were previously thought to have formed in the late Triassic as part of the microcontinental crystalline basement.Based on U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and the Hfisotopes of zircon from ...The southwest Lahad Datu felsic rocks were previously thought to have formed in the late Triassic as part of the microcontinental crystalline basement.Based on U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and the Hfisotopes of zircon from the southeastern Sabah gabbro and granite,in this study,the tectonic properties of the Sabah area during the Triassic were investigated.The weighted average U-Pb zircon ages of the gabbro and granite samples were determined to be(230.9±2.5)Ma and(207.1±3.3)Ma,respectively.The granite had SiO_(2) contents of 66.54%-79.47%,low TiO_(2) contents of 0.08%-0.3%,Al_(2)O_(3) contents of 10.97%-16.22%,Na_(2)O contents of 5.91 %-6.39%,and low K_(2)O contents of 0.15%-0.65%.The chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE) patterns exhibit light REE enrichment,with right-sloping curves.The primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams exhibit Th,U,La,Sr,and Zr enrichment and Nb,Ta,P and Ti depletions,i.e.,the geochemical characteristics of typical island arc igneous rocks.The tectonic discriminant diagram indicates that the granite is a volcanic arc granite.The Hf isotopic an alysis of gabbro zircon revealed that the zircons have ε_(Hf)(t)values of 12.08-16.24(mean of 14.32) and two-stage model ages(t_(DM2)) of 223-491 Ma(mean of 347 Ma).This indicates that the diagenetic magma of the gabbro was mainly derived from melting of newly formed crustal materials.The ophiolite in southeast Sabah has existed since the early Late Triassic.The crystalline basement granite in southeastern S abah was emplaced lasted from late Triassic to early Cretaceous.Based on previous studies and global plate reconstruction models,it is speculated that the southeastern Sabah granite may have been formed in an island arc setting,i.e.,where the oceanic crust of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean collided with the oceanic crust of the Panthalassa Ocean.展开更多
Cenozoic potassic-ultrapotassic igneous rocks are widespread in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Their petrogenesis and magmatic processes remain subject to debate in spite of numerous publications.Almost all of the C...Cenozoic potassic-ultrapotassic igneous rocks are widespread in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Their petrogenesis and magmatic processes remain subject to debate in spite of numerous publications.Almost all of the Cenozoic extrusive and intrusive rocks in the Yao’an area,western Yunnan Province,SW China,are geochemically shoshonitic,collectively termed here the Yao’an Shoshonitic Complex(YSC).The YSC is located in the(south)easternmost part of the ENE-WSW-trending,~550 km-long and~250 km-wide Cenozoic magmatic zone;the latter separates the orthogonal and oblique collision belts of the India-Eurasia collision orogen.Previously published geochronological and thermochronological data revealed that the rocks of the YSC were emplaced over a short timespan of 34-32 Ma.This and our new data suggest that the primary magma of the YSC likely was formed by partial melting of ancient continental lithospheric mantle beneath the Yangtze Block.This part of the continental lithospheric mantle had likely not been modified by any oceanic subduction.Fractionation crystallization of an Mg-and Ca-bearing mineral and TiFe oxides during the magmatic evolution probably account for the variable lithologies of the YSC.展开更多
AIM: To determine the best cut-off value between the early and late recurrence periods after the initial recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: The clinical records of 404 patients who underwent macrosco...AIM: To determine the best cut-off value between the early and late recurrence periods after the initial recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: The clinical records of 404 patients who underwent macroscopic curative hepatectomy for HCC between 1980 and 2010 were retrospectively examined. We divided the 252 patients experienced a recurrence of HCC into two groups, the early and late recurrence groups using the "minimum P-value" approach. Factors for early recurrence were investigated using all 404 patients, and factors related to late recurrence were investigated in the patients who were confirmed to be recurrence free at the end of the early recurrence period.RESULTS: For the 252 patients who experienced a recurrence, the optimal cut-off value for differentiating early and late recurrence based on the overall survival after initial recurrence was 17 mo(5-year overall survival after initial recurrence: 15.4% vs 36.3%, P = 0.000018). Cox proportional hazard analysis identified early recurrence(P = 0.003) as one of the independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival after initial recurrence. A logistic regression model showed that an alpha-fetoprotein level > 100 ng/m L(P < 0.001), multiple HCC(P < 0.001), serosal invasion(P = 0.031), and microvascular invasion(P = 0.012) were independent factors associated with early recurrence, whereas the only independent factor related to late recurrence was liver cirrhosis(P = 0.002).CONCLUSION: Seventeen months after hepatectomy is a useful cut-off value between early and late recurrence of HCC based on the prognosis and different etiologies.展开更多
There are different opinions about the first modern domestic debt in China.The theorists judge whether a certain public debt has modernity according to whether it has modern public debt form,ignoring the inconsistency...There are different opinions about the first modern domestic debt in China.The theorists judge whether a certain public debt has modernity according to whether it has modern public debt form,ignoring the inconsistency between form and content,institutional provisions and actual implementation.The modern nature of public debt must have both the form and content of modern public debt.Based on the analysis of the issuing background,system design,collection and repayment of patriotic bonds in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,it is considered that the part of patriotic bonds subscribed by the Qing royal family is still the nature of donation and return,while the part subscribed by ordinary businessmen and people in the early Republic of China has a modern nature.The dual nature of patriotic bonds is closely related to the social background when the bonds are issued.展开更多
Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pang...Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pangea\|850), evolved through rift basin and became an archipelagic ocean in the Caledonian stage. The Lower Proterozoic strata in Qilian area are mid\|high\|rank metamorphic rocks that constitute the metamorphic basement of the area. The “Huangyuan Movement" (in South Qilian and Central Qilian) and "Alashan Movement" (in North Qilian) in the latest Late Proterozoic formed a regional unconformity. The middle Proterozoic in the area are mudstones and carbonate rocks with stromatolites and ooids. The Qingbaikou System of the upper Proterozoic in the North Qilian and Corridor region is also mudstone and carbonate rock with stromatolites. The Qingbaikou System in Central Qilian is sandstones and mudstones. There are alkaline and tholeiite in the Sinian System in North Qilian and Corridor. The contact between Qingbaikou System and Sinian System is a regional unconformity (Quanji Movement). Qilian ocean began to rift away in Caledonian tectonic stage on the Pre\|Sinian basement.展开更多
Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes and some hybrid rices, convent...Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes and some hybrid rices, conventional early indica and late japonica varieties cultivated recently in China. Virulence spectrum of the 30 isolates was very different, showing that they recognize numerous different resistance genes. Varieties also revealed very different resistance patterns showing that they carry different resistance genes or combinations of resistance genes. On the basis of comparisons with international differential varieties with known resistance genes, resistance genes in certain Chinese varieties could be speculated. The results indicated that some of them were resistant to most of the isolates tested and that they could be of interest as resistance sources for hybrid parents or to be planted in the field directly.展开更多
Numeral Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes occur in the Beishan terrane atthe northeastern margin of the Tarim craton,southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt,including the Pobei,Cantoushan,Bijiashan,Hongshishan,Xuanw...Numeral Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes occur in the Beishan terrane atthe northeastern margin of the Tarim craton,southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt,including the Pobei,Cantoushan,Bijiashan,Hongshishan,Xuanwoling,Zhongposhan and Luodong etc.,intrusions(Qin et al.,2011;Zhang et al.,2017;Xue et al.,2018).These Beishan mafic-ultramafic complexes are composed of peridotite,pyroxenite.展开更多
A new early-late synchronizer is proposed to improve tracking speed. The performance of the traditional early-late synchronizer is analyzed in detail, the result shows that the different location and length of integra...A new early-late synchronizer is proposed to improve tracking speed. The performance of the traditional early-late synchronizer is analyzed in detail, the result shows that the different location and length of integral period can influence the discriminator characteristic, an improved integral structure is provided which can tracking the synchronization error better. According to the good tracking performance of Kalman filter, a new loop filter is designed. The new early-late synchronizer adopts both the new integral structure and the new loop filter. The analysis with loop theory and simulation results in Simulink show that the new bit synchronizer possesses higher tracking speed than the traditional early-late synchronizer.展开更多
Abundant well-preserved Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous radiolarian fossils were extracted from 31 bedded green chert samples collected from Zhilong section,Gyangse,southern Tibet.This
This paper describes the fossil charophytes collected from the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Dazuand Early Jurassic Lower Yimen Formation in Xichang, Sichuan Province, and their significance. Up to now,papers dea...This paper describes the fossil charophytes collected from the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Dazuand Early Jurassic Lower Yimen Formation in Xichang, Sichuan Province, and their significance. Up to now,papers dealing with fossil charophytes of the Late Triassic, especially of the Early Jurassic, have been rarelypublished. The description of the two new species of Porochara, P. dazuensis and P. xichangensis, and theirfossil assemblage not only provides an important basis for classification and correlation of red beds insouthwestern China but reveals for the first time the features of the charophyte flora of the Late Triassic-EarlyJurassic in the area, thus offering valuable data for the establishment of Triassic and Jurassic charophyte fossilzones in China.展开更多
The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some f...The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some formal or ceremonial costumes such as wedding dress will also beincluded.This study will use Chinese costumes and textiles from many museums to fill in theblanks left by previous research and to give a more detailed and accurate description.It will alsouse historical documents to find the original names of these items and to illustrate a general conceptof their usage on different occasions.The different categories of women’s wear will be described in the following order:①robes orcoats;②jackets;③waistcoats or vests;④skirts;⑤pants and leggings;⑥shoes and socks;⑦headdresses;and⑧others.Of every category,the textiles,decoration,cut,form,style,colourand motif will be discussed.The way in which these items were combined will also be discussed.The comparison between women’s wear and men’s wear,women’s and children’s informal andformal dress will be given.Here are some tentative conclusions.First,the Manchu and Han style coexisted and mixedwith each other and were worn by both Manchu and Han women.Second,the basic silhouettesand cuts were relatively stable and conventional,while the decorations and details(openings,fasten-ings,pleats,vents,collars and hemlines)were different.The former represented accepted socialstandards while the latter could be a matter of personal taste.Third,women’s wear in that periodwere highly stylized,miscellaneous,elaborate,detailed,multicolored and multi-thematic.展开更多
Four great second-order transgressions occurred during the Late Carboniferous to early Early Permian and they came from both the eastern and western sea areas in the North China Platform. As time went on, depocentres,...Four great second-order transgressions occurred during the Late Carboniferous to early Early Permian and they came from both the eastern and western sea areas in the North China Platform. As time went on, depocentres, depositional extent, transgression directions, coastline position and distribution of minable coal seams were changing continuously. The third great second-order transgression occurring at the beginning of the early Early Permian marks the maximum transgression period and before its arrival, i.e. at the close of the late Late Carboniferous, there was the super-regional coal-forming environment. During the second, third and fourth transgressions, the northern North China Platform was all along situated on the transgressive margin of the epicontinental sea and became the major distribution area of thick coal belts because it maintained a coal-forming environment for a long period of time from the close of the late Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian.展开更多
The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Santai Formation, sporadically distributed in western Shandong Province, comprises terrestrial alluvial-eolian successions, which records regional wind patterns and paleogeography in...The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Santai Formation, sporadically distributed in western Shandong Province, comprises terrestrial alluvial-eolian successions, which records regional wind patterns and paleogeography in eastern North China. This paper conducts an analysis of eolian stratification, bounding surfaces, facies architecture and paleowind direction of the Santai Formation in the east of the Mengyin Basin, western Shandong Province. Three basic types of eolian stratification are recognized in the Santai Formation, including grainflow strata, wind ripple strata and adhesion strata, and have been grouped into eolian dune and interdune facies associations. The occurrences of reactivation surfaces and superimposition surfaces within eolian dune deposits indicate active compound dunes or draas. The association of adhesion strata with grainflow or windripple strata is the development of a wet eolian system. Cross-strata dip direction indicates different paleowind directions from the lower to the upper part of the Santai paleoerg. The lower part of the paleoerg was characterized by paleowinds blowing from northwest to northeast, whereas the upper part was under the influence of paleowinds consistently towards east to northeast. The identified changes in wind directions possibly suggest wind regime shifts from monsoon circulation to westlies of planetary wind system, which may be related with the collapse of the East China Plateau during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.展开更多
Deposits of 10 volcanic events of 6 stages have been discovered by the authors after detailed field and lab studies of the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations in Shandong Province and its adjacent regions. They show certain ...Deposits of 10 volcanic events of 6 stages have been discovered by the authors after detailed field and lab studies of the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations in Shandong Province and its adjacent regions. They show certain temporal-spatial distribution characteristics. Volcanic fragments were probably derived from two different volcanic sources north and south of the North China Platform, while the magma of the two volcanic sources was probably derived from the lower crust. A new stratigraphic correlation scheme is put forward for the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations in this region on the basis of previous biostratigraphic work with the regionally widespread volcanic event layers as the marker bed for the isochronous stratigraphic correlation on a super-regional scale and in conjunction with the maximum transgressive event layers.展开更多
On the basis of analyzing socio-economic structures, social classes and their relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper took residential gardens of three principal groups(officials...On the basis of analyzing socio-economic structures, social classes and their relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper took residential gardens of three principal groups(officials, merchants and literati) for example, analyzed functional features and layouts of the gardens, explored artistic characteristics and cultural connotations of the local residential gardens, so as to provide references for the conservation and construction of historic and cultural cities, design and expression of modern urban livable spaces.展开更多
文摘Background: To examine the differences in prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome, early-onset sepsis and jaundice, between late preterm infants versus term infants in Ecuadorian newborns. Methods: Study design: Epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional, with two cohorts of patients. Settings: IESS Quito Sur Hospital at Quito, Ecuador, from February to April of 2020. Participants: This study included 204 newborns, 102 preterm infants, 102 term infants. Results: There are significant differences between late preterm infants and term infants, with a p-value of 0.000 in the prevalence of early sepsis, 70.59% vs. 35.29%. In respiratory distress syndrome between late and term premature infants, significant differences were observed with a p-value of 0.000, the proportion being 55.58% vs. 24.51% respectively. The prevalence of jaundice is higher in term infants with a p value of 0.002, 72.55%, versus 51.96% in late preterm infants, and the mean value of bilirubins in mg/dL was higher in term infants 14.32 versus 12.33 in late preterm infants;this difference is statistically significant with a p value of 0.004. Admission to the NICU is more frequent in late preterm infants with a p-value of 0.000, being 42.16% for late preterm infants vs. 7.84% in term infants;the mean of the hospital days with p-value 0.005, was higher in late preterm infants 4.97 days vs. 3.55 days for term newborns. Conclusion: Due to the conditions of their immaturity, late preterm infants are 2.86 times more likely to present early sepsis than full-term newborns. It is shown that late preterm infants are 2.69 times more likely to have respiratory distress syndrome compared to term infants, therefore, late preterm infants have a longer hospital stay of 4.97 days versus 3.55 days in term infants. Jaundice and mean bilirubin levels are higher in term infants due to blood group incompatibility and insufficient breastfeeding.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent liver neoplasm,and its incidence rates are constantly increasing.Despite the availability of potentially curative treatments(liver transplantation,surgical resection,thermal ablation),long-term outcomes are affected by a high recurrence rate(up to 70%of cases 5 years after treatment).HCC recurrence within 2 years of treatment is defined as“early”and is generally caused by the occult intrahepatic spread of the primary neoplasm and related to the tumor burden.A recurrence that occurs after 2 years of treatment is defined as“late”and is related to de novo HCC,independent of the primary neoplasm.Early HCC recurrence has a significantly poorer prognosis and outcome than late recurrence.Different pathogenesis corresponds to different predictors of the risk of early or late recurrence.An adequate knowledge of predictive factors and recurrence risk stratification guides the therapeutic strategy and post-treatment surveillance.Patients at high risk of HCC recurrence should be referred to treatments with the lowest recurrence rate and when standardized to combined or adjuvant therapy regimens.This review aimed to expose the recurrence predictors and examine the differences between predictors of early and late recurrence.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project under contract No. 2016ZX05026-004the National Key R&D Program of China under contract No. 2019YFC0605402the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41790453。
文摘The southwest Lahad Datu felsic rocks were previously thought to have formed in the late Triassic as part of the microcontinental crystalline basement.Based on U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and the Hfisotopes of zircon from the southeastern Sabah gabbro and granite,in this study,the tectonic properties of the Sabah area during the Triassic were investigated.The weighted average U-Pb zircon ages of the gabbro and granite samples were determined to be(230.9±2.5)Ma and(207.1±3.3)Ma,respectively.The granite had SiO_(2) contents of 66.54%-79.47%,low TiO_(2) contents of 0.08%-0.3%,Al_(2)O_(3) contents of 10.97%-16.22%,Na_(2)O contents of 5.91 %-6.39%,and low K_(2)O contents of 0.15%-0.65%.The chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE) patterns exhibit light REE enrichment,with right-sloping curves.The primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams exhibit Th,U,La,Sr,and Zr enrichment and Nb,Ta,P and Ti depletions,i.e.,the geochemical characteristics of typical island arc igneous rocks.The tectonic discriminant diagram indicates that the granite is a volcanic arc granite.The Hf isotopic an alysis of gabbro zircon revealed that the zircons have ε_(Hf)(t)values of 12.08-16.24(mean of 14.32) and two-stage model ages(t_(DM2)) of 223-491 Ma(mean of 347 Ma).This indicates that the diagenetic magma of the gabbro was mainly derived from melting of newly formed crustal materials.The ophiolite in southeast Sabah has existed since the early Late Triassic.The crystalline basement granite in southeastern S abah was emplaced lasted from late Triassic to early Cretaceous.Based on previous studies and global plate reconstruction models,it is speculated that the southeastern Sabah granite may have been formed in an island arc setting,i.e.,where the oceanic crust of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean collided with the oceanic crust of the Panthalassa Ocean.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China(Grant No.2022YFF0800901)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92055206 and 42163007)。
文摘Cenozoic potassic-ultrapotassic igneous rocks are widespread in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Their petrogenesis and magmatic processes remain subject to debate in spite of numerous publications.Almost all of the Cenozoic extrusive and intrusive rocks in the Yao’an area,western Yunnan Province,SW China,are geochemically shoshonitic,collectively termed here the Yao’an Shoshonitic Complex(YSC).The YSC is located in the(south)easternmost part of the ENE-WSW-trending,~550 km-long and~250 km-wide Cenozoic magmatic zone;the latter separates the orthogonal and oblique collision belts of the India-Eurasia collision orogen.Previously published geochronological and thermochronological data revealed that the rocks of the YSC were emplaced over a short timespan of 34-32 Ma.This and our new data suggest that the primary magma of the YSC likely was formed by partial melting of ancient continental lithospheric mantle beneath the Yangtze Block.This part of the continental lithospheric mantle had likely not been modified by any oceanic subduction.Fractionation crystallization of an Mg-and Ca-bearing mineral and TiFe oxides during the magmatic evolution probably account for the variable lithologies of the YSC.
文摘AIM: To determine the best cut-off value between the early and late recurrence periods after the initial recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: The clinical records of 404 patients who underwent macroscopic curative hepatectomy for HCC between 1980 and 2010 were retrospectively examined. We divided the 252 patients experienced a recurrence of HCC into two groups, the early and late recurrence groups using the "minimum P-value" approach. Factors for early recurrence were investigated using all 404 patients, and factors related to late recurrence were investigated in the patients who were confirmed to be recurrence free at the end of the early recurrence period.RESULTS: For the 252 patients who experienced a recurrence, the optimal cut-off value for differentiating early and late recurrence based on the overall survival after initial recurrence was 17 mo(5-year overall survival after initial recurrence: 15.4% vs 36.3%, P = 0.000018). Cox proportional hazard analysis identified early recurrence(P = 0.003) as one of the independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival after initial recurrence. A logistic regression model showed that an alpha-fetoprotein level > 100 ng/m L(P < 0.001), multiple HCC(P < 0.001), serosal invasion(P = 0.031), and microvascular invasion(P = 0.012) were independent factors associated with early recurrence, whereas the only independent factor related to late recurrence was liver cirrhosis(P = 0.002).CONCLUSION: Seventeen months after hepatectomy is a useful cut-off value between early and late recurrence of HCC based on the prognosis and different etiologies.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of Chongqing Social Science Planning project“Research on the repayment of‘Pre-war Deposits’in Chongqing Banking Industry after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War”(2020BS11)Chongqing Education Commission Project“Research on Prevention and Control of Financial Crisis in Chongqing during the Republic of China”(20SKGH111).
文摘There are different opinions about the first modern domestic debt in China.The theorists judge whether a certain public debt has modernity according to whether it has modern public debt form,ignoring the inconsistency between form and content,institutional provisions and actual implementation.The modern nature of public debt must have both the form and content of modern public debt.Based on the analysis of the issuing background,system design,collection and repayment of patriotic bonds in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,it is considered that the part of patriotic bonds subscribed by the Qing royal family is still the nature of donation and return,while the part subscribed by ordinary businessmen and people in the early Republic of China has a modern nature.The dual nature of patriotic bonds is closely related to the social background when the bonds are issued.
文摘Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pangea\|850), evolved through rift basin and became an archipelagic ocean in the Caledonian stage. The Lower Proterozoic strata in Qilian area are mid\|high\|rank metamorphic rocks that constitute the metamorphic basement of the area. The “Huangyuan Movement" (in South Qilian and Central Qilian) and "Alashan Movement" (in North Qilian) in the latest Late Proterozoic formed a regional unconformity. The middle Proterozoic in the area are mudstones and carbonate rocks with stromatolites and ooids. The Qingbaikou System of the upper Proterozoic in the North Qilian and Corridor region is also mudstone and carbonate rock with stromatolites. The Qingbaikou System in Central Qilian is sandstones and mudstones. There are alkaline and tholeiite in the Sinian System in North Qilian and Corridor. The contact between Qingbaikou System and Sinian System is a regional unconformity (Quanji Movement). Qilian ocean began to rift away in Caledonian tectonic stage on the Pre\|Sinian basement.
文摘Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes and some hybrid rices, conventional early indica and late japonica varieties cultivated recently in China. Virulence spectrum of the 30 isolates was very different, showing that they recognize numerous different resistance genes. Varieties also revealed very different resistance patterns showing that they carry different resistance genes or combinations of resistance genes. On the basis of comparisons with international differential varieties with known resistance genes, resistance genes in certain Chinese varieties could be speculated. The results indicated that some of them were resistant to most of the isolates tested and that they could be of interest as resistance sources for hybrid parents or to be planted in the field directly.
基金supported financially by the NSFC projects(Grant Nos.U1403291,41802074,41830216,41202044)projects of the China Geological Survey(Grant Nos.1212010811033,12120113096500,12120113094000,DD20160123,DD20160009 and DD20179607)+1 种基金the IGCP 662 projectDDE.
文摘Numeral Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes occur in the Beishan terrane atthe northeastern margin of the Tarim craton,southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt,including the Pobei,Cantoushan,Bijiashan,Hongshishan,Xuanwoling,Zhongposhan and Luodong etc.,intrusions(Qin et al.,2011;Zhang et al.,2017;Xue et al.,2018).These Beishan mafic-ultramafic complexes are composed of peridotite,pyroxenite.
基金Sponsored bythe Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(2000)
文摘A new early-late synchronizer is proposed to improve tracking speed. The performance of the traditional early-late synchronizer is analyzed in detail, the result shows that the different location and length of integral period can influence the discriminator characteristic, an improved integral structure is provided which can tracking the synchronization error better. According to the good tracking performance of Kalman filter, a new loop filter is designed. The new early-late synchronizer adopts both the new integral structure and the new loop filter. The analysis with loop theory and simulation results in Simulink show that the new bit synchronizer possesses higher tracking speed than the traditional early-late synchronizer.
文摘Abundant well-preserved Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous radiolarian fossils were extracted from 31 bedded green chert samples collected from Zhilong section,Gyangse,southern Tibet.This
文摘This paper describes the fossil charophytes collected from the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Dazuand Early Jurassic Lower Yimen Formation in Xichang, Sichuan Province, and their significance. Up to now,papers dealing with fossil charophytes of the Late Triassic, especially of the Early Jurassic, have been rarelypublished. The description of the two new species of Porochara, P. dazuensis and P. xichangensis, and theirfossil assemblage not only provides an important basis for classification and correlation of red beds insouthwestern China but reveals for the first time the features of the charophyte flora of the Late Triassic-EarlyJurassic in the area, thus offering valuable data for the establishment of Triassic and Jurassic charophyte fossilzones in China.
文摘The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some formal or ceremonial costumes such as wedding dress will also beincluded.This study will use Chinese costumes and textiles from many museums to fill in theblanks left by previous research and to give a more detailed and accurate description.It will alsouse historical documents to find the original names of these items and to illustrate a general conceptof their usage on different occasions.The different categories of women’s wear will be described in the following order:①robes orcoats;②jackets;③waistcoats or vests;④skirts;⑤pants and leggings;⑥shoes and socks;⑦headdresses;and⑧others.Of every category,the textiles,decoration,cut,form,style,colourand motif will be discussed.The way in which these items were combined will also be discussed.The comparison between women’s wear and men’s wear,women’s and children’s informal andformal dress will be given.Here are some tentative conclusions.First,the Manchu and Han style coexisted and mixedwith each other and were worn by both Manchu and Han women.Second,the basic silhouettesand cuts were relatively stable and conventional,while the decorations and details(openings,fasten-ings,pleats,vents,collars and hemlines)were different.The former represented accepted socialstandards while the latter could be a matter of personal taste.Third,women’s wear in that periodwere highly stylized,miscellaneous,elaborate,detailed,multicolored and multi-thematic.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No.4880102.
文摘Four great second-order transgressions occurred during the Late Carboniferous to early Early Permian and they came from both the eastern and western sea areas in the North China Platform. As time went on, depocentres, depositional extent, transgression directions, coastline position and distribution of minable coal seams were changing continuously. The third great second-order transgression occurring at the beginning of the early Early Permian marks the maximum transgression period and before its arrival, i.e. at the close of the late Late Carboniferous, there was the super-regional coal-forming environment. During the second, third and fourth transgressions, the northern North China Platform was all along situated on the transgressive margin of the epicontinental sea and became the major distribution area of thick coal belts because it maintained a coal-forming environment for a long period of time from the close of the late Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian.
文摘The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Santai Formation, sporadically distributed in western Shandong Province, comprises terrestrial alluvial-eolian successions, which records regional wind patterns and paleogeography in eastern North China. This paper conducts an analysis of eolian stratification, bounding surfaces, facies architecture and paleowind direction of the Santai Formation in the east of the Mengyin Basin, western Shandong Province. Three basic types of eolian stratification are recognized in the Santai Formation, including grainflow strata, wind ripple strata and adhesion strata, and have been grouped into eolian dune and interdune facies associations. The occurrences of reactivation surfaces and superimposition surfaces within eolian dune deposits indicate active compound dunes or draas. The association of adhesion strata with grainflow or windripple strata is the development of a wet eolian system. Cross-strata dip direction indicates different paleowind directions from the lower to the upper part of the Santai paleoerg. The lower part of the paleoerg was characterized by paleowinds blowing from northwest to northeast, whereas the upper part was under the influence of paleowinds consistently towards east to northeast. The identified changes in wind directions possibly suggest wind regime shifts from monsoon circulation to westlies of planetary wind system, which may be related with the collapse of the East China Plateau during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 4880102
文摘Deposits of 10 volcanic events of 6 stages have been discovered by the authors after detailed field and lab studies of the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations in Shandong Province and its adjacent regions. They show certain temporal-spatial distribution characteristics. Volcanic fragments were probably derived from two different volcanic sources north and south of the North China Platform, while the magma of the two volcanic sources was probably derived from the lower crust. A new stratigraphic correlation scheme is put forward for the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations in this region on the basis of previous biostratigraphic work with the regionally widespread volcanic event layers as the marker bed for the isochronous stratigraphic correlation on a super-regional scale and in conjunction with the maximum transgressive event layers.
基金Sponsored by"Project Blue"Academic Leader Fund of Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute
文摘On the basis of analyzing socio-economic structures, social classes and their relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper took residential gardens of three principal groups(officials, merchants and literati) for example, analyzed functional features and layouts of the gardens, explored artistic characteristics and cultural connotations of the local residential gardens, so as to provide references for the conservation and construction of historic and cultural cities, design and expression of modern urban livable spaces.