Comparative efficacy of proximal femoral nail vs dynamic condylar screw in treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures

BACKGROUND Among the most frequent hip fractures are trochanteric fractures,which usually occur from low-energy trauma like minor falls,especially in older people with osteoporotic bones.AIM To evaluate the treatment efficacy of dynamic condylar screws(DCS)and proximal femoral nails(PFN)for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.METHODS To find pertinent randomized controlled trials and retrospective observational studies comparing PFN with DCS for the management of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures,a thorough search was carried out.For research studies published between January 1996 and April 2024,PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and Google Scholar were all searched.The complete texts of the papers were retrieved,vetted,and independently examined by two investigators.Disputes were settled by consensus,and any disagreements that persisted were arbitrated by a third author.RESULTS This study included six articles,comprising a total of 173 patients.Compared to the DCS,the PFN had a shorter operation time[mean difference(MD):-41.7 min,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-63.04 to-20.35,P=0.0001],higher success rates with closed reduction techniques[risk ratio(RR):34.05,95%CI:11.12-104.31,P<0.00001],and required less intraoperative blood transfusion(MD:-1.4 units,95%CI:-1.80 to-1.00,P<0.00001).Additionally,the PFN showed shorter fracture union time(MD:-6.92 wk,95%CI:-10.27 to-3.57,P<0.0001)and a lower incidence of reoperation(RR:0.37,95%CI:0.17-0.82,P=0.01).However,there was no discernible variation regarding hospital stay,implant-related complications,and infections.CONCLUSION Compared to DCS,PFN offers shorter operative times,reduces the blood transfusions requirements,achieves higher closed reduction success,enables faster fracture healing,and lowers reoperation incidence.

PFNA2 versus 95 Degree Condylar Blade Plate in the Management of Unstable Trochanteric Fractures

Purpose: The proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) is known to have advantages in enhancing the anchorage ability of internal fixation in elderly unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture patients. However whether it is superior to condylar blade fixation is not clear. This study aimed to determine which treatment has better clinical outcomes in older patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 86 patients over the age of 60 with unstable trochanteric fractures within the past 3 weeks, were included in this prospective study conducted from June 1, 2018, to May 31, 2021. All the intertrochanteric fractures were classified according to AO/OTA classification. Among them, 44 cases were treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail (PFNA2) with or without an augmentation screw, and 42 cases were treated with the Condylar Blade Plate. In addition, the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion, postoperative weight-bearing time, hospitalization time, Harris score of hip function, Kyle’s criteria and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean duration of surgery for the PFN group was 66.8 minutes (on average), whereas for the condylar blade plate group, it was 99.30 minutes (on average). The PFNA2 group experienced less blood loss (average of 80 mL) compared to the condylar blade plate group (average of 120 mL). Union and partial weight-bearing occurred earlier in the PFNA2 group (14.1 weeks and 10.6 weeks, respectively) compared to the Condylar blade plate group (18.7 weeks and 15.8 weeks). In two patients from the PFNA2 group, screw backing out and varus collapse complications were encountered;however, these patients remained asymptomatic and did not require revision surgery. In two other patients, screw cut out and breakage of the nail at the helical screw hole leading to non-union of the proximal femur were observed during the nine-month follow-up, necessitating revision surgery with prosthetic replacement. Among the condylar blade plate group, three patients experienced complications, including blade breakage at the blade and plate junction. In two cases, the fracture united in varus, and in one case, the blade cut through, resulting in non-union of the femoral head, which required revision surgery. According to the Harris hip score and Kyle’s criteria, a good-excellent outcome was observed in 92.85% of cases in the PFNA2 group and 90.90% of cases in the condylar blade plate group. Conclusion: Both the Proximal Femoral Nail A2 and Condylar blade plate are effective implants for the treatment of unstable trochanteric fractures. The intramedullary implant promotes biological healing and allows for early ambulation with minimal complications. Similarly satisfactory restoration of anatomy and favorable radiological and functional results can be achieved with the biological fixation provided by the 95-degree condylar blade plate. However, the use of PFNA2 internal fixation technique has the advantage of less trauma in elderly patients than the 95-degree condylar blade plate.

Experimental Study on Anatomic Reduction of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle(Simulated Manipulation Fracture Reduction)and Condylar Free Reduction for Condylar Fracture

[Objectives]To compare the fracture healing of keeping lateral pterygoid muscle anatomic reduction(simulated manipulation fracture reduction)with condylar free reduction in the treatment of condylar fractures.[Methods]Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups to mandibular condylar neck fracture model was established.one team keep the lateral pterygoid muscle,the other excise it.Cervical vascular perfusion was done with ink before animals executed after operation 2,4,6 and 8 weeks.Bilateral anteroposterior and mediolateral condylar diameters measured.Changes of operation side condylar proliferating layer,microvessel number and bone parameters were observed and analyzed after slices and HE staining.[Results]The mediolateral condylar diameters of operation side were significantly smaller than health side in condylar free reduction group at the 4,6,8 weeks(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in the anteroposterior condylar diameters at each time point(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the anteroposterior and mediolateral condylar diameters of the anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group compared between the operation side and health side(P>0.05).The number of microvessel in condylar free reduction group were smaller than those in anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.Sp between the condylar free reduction group and the anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group(all P<0.05),and the Tb.N were significantly differences between two groups at the 4,6,8 weeks(P<0.05).[Conclusions]When the condyle is fractured it should keep lateral pterygoid muscle(manipulation fracture reduction)as possible,which is important in the fracture healing and functional recovering of mandibular.

肘关节造影闭合复位经皮克氏针固定治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折

目的探讨肘关节造影闭合复位经皮克氏针固定治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折的疗效。方法采用肘关节造影闭合复位经皮克氏针固定治疗24例肱骨外髁骨折患儿。记录骨折愈合情况、并发症发生情况、肘关节恢复情况,末次随访时采用Flynn肘关节评分标准评价疗效。结果患儿均获得随访,时间18~24个月。骨折均愈合,时间8~16周。术后未发生肘外翻畸形、肱骨外髁缺血性坏死、骨化性肌炎、缺血性肌挛缩以及神经症状等并发症。末次随访时,4例患儿肘关节功能未完全恢复正常,但不影响生活,Flynn肘关节评分等级均为良;20例肘关节功能均恢复至健侧水平,Flynn肘关节评分等级均为优。结论采用肘关节造影闭合复位经皮克氏针固定治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折,术中能清楚显示儿童肱骨远端的软骨成分,有助于判断骨折的移位程度和闭合复位的质量,避免不必要的切开复位及并发症的发生。

使用数学模型对髁突颈骨折愈合过程中骨与软骨组织变化的研究

目的 使用数学模型模拟大鼠髁突颈骨折愈合过程中成骨与成软骨的动态变化过程,探索髁突颈骨折的愈合模式。方法 构建模拟大鼠髁突颈骨折愈合的数学模型,并统计该数学模型28 d内不同时间点生成的各参数(mb, mc, cb和cc)的数值,进而拟合骨、软骨、成骨细胞及成软骨细胞的密度云图和生长曲线并推算成骨方式。结果 数学模型模拟的骨面积比与大鼠骨折实验所测接近(P>0.05)。数学模型模拟的密度云图显示,在骨折后第3天至第7天成骨集中在骨膜周围,在第7天至第21天成骨集中在软骨所在区域并逐渐替代软骨。骨生长曲线与软骨生长曲线在骨折后第5至第8天与第21至第28天正相关,与第8至第14天呈负相关。成骨细胞生长曲线和成软骨细胞生长曲线均呈现先升后降的趋势,成软骨细胞在第6天达到最大密度,成骨细胞则在第13天达到最大密度。结论 数学模型能有效模拟大鼠髁突颈骨折愈合过程,可动态展示该过程中成骨与成软骨的动态变化,为研究髁突颈骨折的愈合方法提供了新思路。

动力髁钢板固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折术后骨不连合并内固定断裂

2017年1月~2019年12月,我科采用动力髁钢板固定治疗5例老年股骨转子间骨折术后骨不连合并内固定断裂患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组5例,男3例,女2例,年龄62~79岁。于股骨转子间骨折术后9~14个月因患肢疼痛至我院就诊,均诊断为术后骨不连合并内固定断裂。1.2治疗方法全身麻醉或硬膜外麻醉下手术。患者侧卧位。于患侧股骨近端外侧自股骨大转子向骨折远端做长约12 cm的切口.

下颌骨髁突骨折的三维形态学分析

目的通过对下颌骨髁突骨折三维骨折线分布进行三维形态学分析,揭示髁突骨折的分布及走行特点,为颌面外科诊疗及手术方案的制定提供支持。方法选取37例下颌骨髁突骨折行螺旋CT检查的病例影像学资料进行回顾性分析。将患者的螺旋CT影像资料导入Mimics和3-matic软件中对下颌骨骨折体进行分离、建模和模拟复位,并在健康标准的下颌骨模型上临摹骨折线,获得髁突骨折线分布图。结果冠状髁突骨折呈斜行走行,在上内部无明显骨折线,左右侧髁突骨折线无明显区别;水平髁突骨折线以外高内低环绕髁突颈部走行,上内部骨折线明显减少。结论通过髁突骨折分析联合运用3D Mapping技术,得出髁突骨折主要集中在髁突外侧伴随骨折碎块的断裂和脱离髁突情况出现,常需手术螺钉固定治疗,运用3D Mapping技术可进行术前虚拟指导螺钉角度、方向及长度,为提高手术准确性提供方向。

腮腺前缘咬肌入路与穿腮腺入路手术治疗髁突骨折患者术后并发症的对比

目的:研究腮腺前缘咬肌入路(retromandibular transmasseteric anterior parotid approach,RMTMAP)与传统穿腮腺手术入路(retromandibular transparotid approach,RMTP)对髁突骨折患者术后面神经损伤及涎瘘发生率的影响。方法:对各大中英文数据库[PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普、万方及中国临床试验注册中心]关于髁状突骨折的手术治疗入路的随机对照试验进行全面的文献检索,检索时限为建库至2021年11月,并进行手动检索以避免遗漏。共纳入7篇临床随机对照试验,纳入研究的文献质量为中至高等,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果:共有7篇文献纳入本研究,结果显示2组患者术后均能达到满意的效果,RMTMAP组较RMTP组的术后面神经损伤发生率更低[相对危险度(relative risk,RR)=0.49,95%CI=0.25~0.97,P=0.04],RMTMAP组术后涎瘘发生率较低(RR=0.35,95%CI=0.15~0.85,P=0.02),2组差异具有统计学意义。结论:RMTMAP组术后面神经损伤及涎瘘的发生率均小于RMTP组,且能够取得较为满意的临床效果,值得临床推广使用。

钢板内固定治疗股骨下端单髁骨折

2019年3月~2022年3月,我科采用钢板内固定治疗12例股骨下端单髁骨折(Hoffa骨折)患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组12例,男10例,女2例,年龄28~67岁。均为闭合Hoffa骨折。左侧4例,右侧8例。致伤原因:交通事故伤9例,高处坠落伤2例,摔伤1例。

闭合与切开复位克氏针固定治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折疗效与安全性的Meta分析

背景对于移位明显的儿童肱骨外髁骨折,传统治疗方法为切开复位后内固定治疗,但近年来采用闭合复位后克氏针固定治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折的报道渐多,但究竟哪种手术方式的疗效与安全性更高,存在一定的争议。目的对闭合复位经皮穿针(CRPP)、切开复位克氏针内固定(ORKF)在小儿肱骨外髁骨折中的应用效果及安全性进行评价。方法计算机检索包括中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science在内的中文和英文数据库,检索时间为各数据库建立至2023-01-01。筛选两种手术方法治疗小儿肱骨外髁骨折的病例对照研究后,对其进行文献质量评价并提取数据。运用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析,对两种手术方式的相关疗效及安全性指标进行比较。结果共纳入16篇文献进行Meta分析,包括1165例患儿。Meta分析结果显示,CRPP组患儿手术时间短于ORKF组(MD=-11.81,95%CI=-15.04~-8.58,P<0.00001),术中出血量低于ORKF组(MD=-3.36,95%CI=-4.37~-2.36,P<0.00001),术后骨折愈合时间短于ORKF组(MD=-3.92,95%CI=-6.80~-1.03,P=0.008),克氏针存留时间短于ORKF组(MD=-3.35,95%CI=-6.33~-0.38,P=0.03),术后肘关节功能恢复不良率低于ORKF组(OR=0.44,95%CI=0.25~0.76,P=0.006),术后总体并发症的发生率低于ORKF组(OR=0.33,95%CI=0.19~0.56,P<0.0001),浅表感染的发生率低于ORKF组(OR=0.39,95%CI=0.21~0.73,P=0.003);而两组深部感染、不良愈合、肱骨外髁缺血坏死发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CRPP治疗儿童肱骨外髁骨折,无论从效果还是从整体并发症上均优于ORKF,但在具体并发症方面尚需更多高质量文献进一步验证。

CT平扫联合三维重建诊断不同下颌髁突骨折类型、骨骼移位类型和软组织损伤的效能分析

目的 探讨CT平扫联合三维重建对不同下颌髁突骨折类型、骨骼移位类型和软组织损伤的诊断效能。方法选择2017年6月至2022年6月于邢台市人民医院收治的80例疑似下颌髁突骨折患者,其中男性40例,女性40例;年龄22~65岁,平均年龄35.54岁;损伤原因,意外摔伤23例,交通事故致伤35例,打击致伤22例。全部患者均完善CT联合三维重建和MRI检查。以术中诊断作为评定金标准,比较两种检查方法对不同下颌髁突骨折类型、骨骼移位类型和软组织损伤的检出率,并采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线分析两种检查方法的诊断效能。结果 CT平扫联合三维重建和MRI检查对髁突头骨折、髁突颈部骨折、髁突下骨折和Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型骨折及关节腔积液的检出率对比,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。MRI对韧带撕裂和髁突表面软组织损伤的检出率明显高于CT平扫联合三维重建[81.25%vs 56.25%、78.75%vs 52.50%。均P <0.05]。ROC曲线结果显示,MRI和CT平扫联合三维重建对髁突骨折类型、关节腔积液和髁突骨折移位情况的诊断效能相当,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。其中MRI对韧带撕裂和髁突表面软组织损伤的诊断效能优于CT平扫联合三维重建。结论 CT平扫联合三维重建和MRI检查对髁突骨折类型、骨折移位情况和关节腔积液的诊断效能相当,其中MRI对软组织损伤的诊断价值更高。

牵引复位固定术在髁突低位骨折患者中的应用

目的探讨牵引复位固定术在髁突低位骨折患者中的应用效果及对颞下颌关节紊乱指数(CMI)、颞下颌功能障碍指数(DI)、肌肉压痛指数(PI)的影响。方法选择2016年1月至2022年1月安康市中医医院收治的102例髁突低位骨折患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各51例。对照组患者接受坚固内固定术治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上联合牵引复位固定术治疗。比较两组患者术后2周的临床疗效、围术期情况,以及术前、术后3个月的CMI、DI、PI和术后并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率为92.16%,明显高于对照组的76.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的手术时间为(67.23±6.83)min,明显长于对照组的(63.40±6.23)min,住院时间为(8.62±1.18)d,明显短于对照组的(9.30±1.05)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月,观察组患者的CMI、DI、PI评分分别为(0.11±0.02)分、(0.19±0.03)分、(0.03±0.01)分,明显低于对照组的(0.15±0.03)分、(0.25±0.04)分、(0.05±0.02)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的术后并发症总发生率为3.92%,明显低于对照组的17.65%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论牵引复位固定术在髁突低位骨折患者中的应用可有效降低患者的CMI、DI、PI,临床应用效果显著,且并发症少。

虚拟手术结合导板辅助7例髁突颈部骨折复位固定的效果评价

目的:探讨数字化虚拟手术、3D打印模型结合导板在下颌骨髁突颈部骨折手术中的临床应用效果。方法:选择7例下颌髁突颈部骨折患者,行1.0 mm层厚三维CT扫描,数据通过DICOM格式导出,利用软件进行虚拟手术复位骨折,复位后3D打印出下颌骨模型。将钛板预弯曲固定,并在下颌骨模型上制作复位及钻孔导板,指导手术过程中骨折的精准复位和固定。结果:术后手术切口均无感染,创口隐蔽美观,骨折对位精确,钛板与骨折段贴合。术后随访,髁突颈部骨折愈合良好,髁突位于关节窝内。患者咬合关系良好,开口受限不明显,无开口疼痛、咬合疼痛等颞下颌关节疾病体征。结论:虚拟手术、3D打印模型结合导板能让髁突颈部骨折精确复位,简化手术过程,是一种精准、高效、可预测的手术辅助方式。

髁突形态与髁突矢状骨折发生率之间的关系分析

目的:分析髁突形态与单侧髁突矢状骨折(sagittal fracture of mandibular condyle, SFMC)发生率之间的关系。方法:回顾2010年12月—2021年12月河北医科大学第三医院收治的155例单侧髁突矢状骨折患者的病例资料,将其螺旋CT数据以DICOM格式导入RadiAnt DICOM Viewer软件。根据Yale的髁突形态的分类标准,将髁突形态分为平、凸、角、圆4种。根据Hlawitschka的髁突矢状骨折分类标准,将髁突矢状骨折分为A、B、M 3类,分析髁突形态与单侧髁突矢状骨折发生率之间的关系。采用SPSS 26.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:155例患者中,健侧髁突形态占比分别是平形41.9%、凸形37.4%、圆形11.6%、角形9.0%,髁突矢状骨折的分类占比分别是A型20.6%、B型42.6%、M型36.8%。不同髁突形态的髁突矢状骨折发生率不同,两者之间存在相关性(P=0.015)。平形髁突相比其他3种类型的髁突更容易发生矢状骨折,角形髁突最不容易发生矢状骨折。结论:髁突形态不同会影响髁突矢状骨折发生率,平形髁突更容易发生髁突矢状骨折,而角形髁突最不易发生矢状骨折。

Dynamic condylar screw or hip joint （spanning） external fixator for treatment of pathological fractures of femoral neck and trochanter secondary to benign lesions

The treatment of pathological fractures of the femoral neck and trochanteric region secondary to benignlesions can be a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons because of the size and nature of the lesions, the resulting bony defect, the risk of recurrence, the possible associated deformities, and the risk of osteonecrosis. Numerous treatment modalities have been reported for the management of pathological fractures of the proximal femur secondary to benign lesions. An unsatisfactory outcome in 25% of patients and a complication rate of 45% have been observed.

Key points in surgical management of mandibular condylar fractures

Mandibular condylar fractures are among the most common facial fractures and some of the most difficult to manage.Opinions about the management of mandibular condylar fractures differ among surgeons.With the implementation of new technology,an increased understanding of fracture man-agement,and better functional and morphological outcomes reported in the literature,open reduction and internal fixation is becoming many surgeons preferred choice for the treatment of condylar fractures.Because surgical treatment of such fractures is complex,certain factors must be considered to achieve satisfactory outcomes.In this article,we summarise six key points in the management of mandibular condylar fractures:virtual evaluation of condylar fracture,a suitable surgical approach,good reduction,stable internal fixation,repair of the articular disc,and restoration of the mandibular arch width.We believe that these points will help to improve the prognosis of mandibular condyle fractures.

Correlation between Condylar Fracture Pattern after Parasymphyseal Impact and Condyle Morphological Features： A Retrospective Analysis of 107 Chinese Patients

Background： The treatment of the condylar fractures is difficult. Factors that result in the fractures are complex. The objective of this morphometric study was to investigate the relationship between condylar fracture patterns and condylar morphological characteristics. Methods： We conducted a retrospective analysis of 107 patients admitted to the West China Hospital of Stomatology for bilateral condylar fractures caused by parasymphyseal impact. The patients were divided into five groups according to the type of condylar fracture. Ten parameters were evaluated on three-dimensional （3D） reconstruction mandible models through the Mimics 16.0 （Materialize Leuven, Belgium） anthropometry toolkit. Each parameter of the 3D models was analyzed using multivariate analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the five groups. Results： The results showed that the differences of condylar head width （M 1 ）, condylar neck width （M3）, the ratio of condylar head width to condylar anteroposterior diameter （M1/M2）, the ratio of condylar head width to condylar neck width （M1/M3）, the ratio of condylar height to ramus height （M8/M7）, and mandibular angle （M10） were statistically significant （p 〈 0.05）. Type A condylar head fractures were positively associated with M1 （compared to Type B： OR ：1.627, 95% CI： 1.123, 2.359; compared to Type C： OR = 1.705, 95% CI： 1.170, 2.484） and M1/M2 （compared to Type B： OR = 1.034, 95% CI： 0.879, 2.484）. Type B condylar head fractures were negatively associated with M l 0 （compared to Type C： OR = 0.909, 95% CI： 0.821, 1.007）. Condylar neck fractures were negatively associated with M3 （compared to condylar head： OR = 0.382, CI： 0.203, 0.720 ; compared to condylar base： OR = 0.436, 95% CI： 0.218, 0.874）, and positively associated with M 1/M3 （compared to condylar head： OR = 1.229, 95% CI： 1.063, 1.420 compared to condylar base： OR = 1.223, 95% CI： 1.034, 1.447）. Condylar base fractures were positively associated with M10 （OR = 1.095, 95% CI： 1.008, 1.189） and negatively associated with M8/M7 （OR = 0.855, 95% CI： 0.763, 0.959） as compared with condylar head fractures. Conclusions： Condylar fracture pattern is associated with the anatomical features of the condyles when a fracture occurs from parasymphyseal impact.

复方骨肽注射液对髁突骨折后大鼠颌骨发育的影响

目的观察复方骨肽注射液对单侧髁突颈部骨折大鼠的颌骨发育及其血清类胰岛素一号生长因子(IGF-1)及血小板衍生生长因子-BB(PDGF-BB)表达的影响。方法实验于2019年10月25号开始。通过手术建立大鼠单侧髁突颈部骨折的动物模型,分别设立手术组、手术给药组(骨肽)和空白对照组,每组24只。术后手术给药组每天按0.9 mg/kg剂量注射复方骨肽注射液。然后分别于1、3、5、9周处死实验动物,每次每组处死6只。期间观察大鼠咬合对称性、下颌骨长度、下颌升支高度与血清中IGF-1、PDGF-BB含量的变化。采用方差分析、LSD检验。结果单侧髁突骨折后,手术组正常侧下颌骨发育超过患侧下颌骨,下颌骨出现偏斜现象;手术给药组的下颌骨出现偏斜的程度较手术组轻,且X片上骨折的愈合加快。血清学结果显示,术后1周时手术组、手术给药组和空白对照组PDGF-BB分别为(104.21±15.01)ng/L、(241.69±22.49)ng/L、(406.47±26.88)ng/L,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);术后5周时手术组、手术给药组和空白对照组IGF-1分别为(2109.95±181.74)ng/L、(2714.89±180.21)ng/L、(2499.27±186.04)ng/L,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论单侧髁突颈部骨折和骨肽的使用都会影响处于生长高峰期的雄性SD大鼠下颌骨的生长发育及血清中PDGF-BB和IGF-1的含量。骨折后出现患侧下颌骨发育停滞或变慢,下颌骨偏斜,而注射复方骨肽后,骨折断端的愈合会加快,下颌骨偏斜程度会降低,且血清内两因子受到影响后的变化是动态的,不同时间点的含量不同。

Virtual surgical planning is a useful tool in the surgical management of mandibular condylar fractures

Purpose:The aim of this study is to evaluate the application value of virtual surgical planning in the management of mandibular condylar fractures and to provide a reliable reference.Methods:This was a prospective randomized controlled study and recruited 50 patients requiring surgical treatment for their mandibular condylar fractures.The inclusion criteria were patients(1)diagnosed with a condylar fracture by two clinically experienced doctors and required surgical treatment;(2)have given consent for the surgical treatment;and(3)had no contraindications to the surgery.Patients were excluded from this study if:(1)they were diagnosed with a non-dislocated or only slightly dislocated condylar fracture;(2)the comminuted condylar fracture was too severe to be treated with internal reduction and fixation;or(3)patients could not complete follow-up for 3 months.There were 33 male and 17 female patients with 33 unilateral condylar fractures and 17 bilateral condylar fractures included.The 50 patients were randomly(random number)divided into control group(25 patients with 35 sides of condylar fractures)and experimental group(25 patients with 32 sides of condylar fractures).Virtual surgical planning was used in the experimental group,but only clinical experience was used in the control group.The patients were followed up for 1,3,6 and 12 months after operation.Variables including the rate of perfect reduction by radiological analysis,the average distance of deviation between preoperative and postoperative CT measurements using Geomagic software and postoperative clinical examinations(e.g.,mouth opening,occlusion)were investigated for outcome measurement.SPSS 19 was adopted for data analysis.Results:The average operation time was 180.60 min in the experimental group and 223.2 min in the control group.One week postoperatively,CT images showed that the anatomic reduction rate was 90.63%(29/32)in the experimental group and 68.57%(24/35)in the control group,revealing significant difference(X^(2)=4.919,p=0.027).Geomagic comparative analysis revealed that the average distance of deviation was also much smaller in the experimental group than that in the control group(0.639 mm vs.0.995 mm;t=3.824,p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings suggest that virtual surgical planning can assist surgeons in surgical procedures,reduce operative time,and improve the anatomic reduction rate&accuracy,and thus of value in the diagnosis and treatment of condylar fractures.

Mini suture anchor: An effective device for reduction and fixation of displaced temporomandibular joint disc with intracapsular condylar fracture

Purpose::The main aim is to provide clinical reference for the application of mini suture anchor in the reduction and fixation of displaced temporomandibular joint(TMJ)disc with intracapsular condylar fracture.Methods::From October 2018 to October 2019,21 patients(31 sides)with intracapsular condylar fractures and articular disc displacement from West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University were included.The selection criteria were:(1)mandibular condylar fractures accompanied by displacement of the TMJ disc,confirmed by clinical examination,CT scan and other auxiliary examinations;(2)indication for surgical treatment;(3)no surgical contraindications;(4)no previous history of surgery in the operative area;(5)no facial nerve injury before the surgery;(6)informed consent to participate in the research program and(7)complete data.Patients without surgical treatment were excluded.The employed patients were followed up at 1,3,6 and 12 months after operation.Outcomes were assessed by success rate of operation,TMJ function and radiological examination results at 3 months after operation.Data were expressed as number and percent and analyzed using SPSS 19.0.Results::All the surgical procedures were completed successfully and all the articular discs were firmly attached to the condyles.The articular disc sufficiently covered the condylar head after the fixation.The fixation remained stable when the mandible was moved in each direction by the surgeons.No complications occurred.The functions of the TMJ were well-recovered postoperatively in most cases.CT scan revealed that the screws were completely embedded in the bone without loosening or displacement.Conclusion::Mini suture anchor can provide satisfactory stabilization for the reduced articular disc and also promote the recovery of TMJ functions.