Oncologic outcomes with and without amniotic membranes in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy:A propensity score matched analysis

Objective:Placement of human placenta derived grafts during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP)hastens the return of continence and potency.The long-term impact on the oncologic outcomes remains to be investigated.Our objective was to determine the oncologic outcomes of patients with dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane(dHACM)at RARP compared to a matched cohort.Methods:In a referral centre,from August 2013 to October 2019,599 patients used dHACM in bilateral nerve-sparing RARP.We excluded patients with less than 12 months follow-up,simple prostatectomy,and unilateral nerve-sparing.Patients with dHACM(amnio group)were 529,and were propensity score matched 1:1 to 2465 patients without dHACM(non-amnio group)and a minimum follow-up of 36 months.At the time of RARP,dHACM was placed around the neurovascular bundle in the amnio group.Continuous and categorical variables in matched groups was tested by two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Fisher's exact test respectively.Outcomes measured were biochemical recurrence(BCR),adjuvant and salvage therapy rates.Results:Propensity score matching resulted in two groups of 444 patients.Cumulative incidence functions for BCR did not show a difference between the groups(p=0.3).Patients in the non-amnio group required salvage therapy more frequently than the amnio group,particularly after partial nerve-sparing RARP(6.3%vs.2.3%,p=0.001).Limitations are the absence of prospective randomization.Conclusion:The data suggest that using dHACM does not have a negative impact on BCR in patients.Outcomes of cancer specific and overall survival will require follow-up study to increase our understanding of these grafts’impact on prostate cancer biology.

Does enhanced recovery after surgery programs improve clinical outcomes in liver cancer surgery?

Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)programs have been widely applied in liver surgery since the publication of the first ERAS guidelines in 2016 and the new recommendations in 2022.Liver surgery is usually performed in oncological patients(liver metastasis,hepatocellular carcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma,etc.),but the real impact of liver surgery ERAS programs in oncological outcomes is not clearly defined.Theoretical advantages of ERAS programs are:ERAS decreases postoperative complication rates and has been demonstrated a clear relationship between complications and oncological outcomes;a better and faster posto-perative recovery should let oncologic teams begin chemotherapeutic regimens on time;prehabilitation and nutrition actions before surgery should also improve the performance status of the patients receiving chemotherapy.So,ERAS could be another way to improve our oncological results.We will discuss the literature about liver surgery ERAS focusing on its oncological implications and future investigations projects.

A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol

BACKGROUND： Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy（LPD）is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy（OPD）.METHODS： Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs（9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors）were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index（BMI） and American Society of Anesthesiologists（ASA） score and tumor site.RESULTS： Mean tumor size LPD vs OPD（19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870）. R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD（P=1.000）. The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1（P=0.140）and 20.7 vs 18.5（P=0.534） respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II（5 vs 8）, III/IV（2 vs 6） and pancreatic leak（2 vs 1）were statistically not significant（LPD vs OPD）. The mean high dependency unit（HDU） stay was longer in OPD（3.7 vs 1.4 days,P〈0.001）. There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD（logrank,P=0.983）. Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6（log-rank, P=0.283） and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs 1.There was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD group.CONCLUSIONS： Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome.

Systematic review of oncological outcomes following laparoscopic vs open total mesorectal excision

AIM: To systematically analyze the randomized trials comparing the oncological and clinical effectiveness of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision(LTME) vs open total mesorectal excision(OTME) in the management of rectal cancer.METHODS: Published randomized, controlled trials comparing the oncological and clinical effectiveness of LTME vs OTME in the management of rectal cancer were retrieved from the standard electronic medical databases. The data of included randomized, controlled trials was extracted and then analyzed according to the principles of meta-analysis using RevMan? statistical software. The combined outcome of the binary variables was expressed as odds ratio(OR) and the combined outcome of the continuous variables waspresented in the form of standardized mean difference(SMD). RESULTS: Data from eleven randomized, controlled trials on 2143 patients were retrieved from the electronic databases. There was a trend towards the higher risk of surgical site infection(OR = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.44-1.00; z = 1.94; P < 0.05), higher risk of incomplete total mesorectal resection(OR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.43-0.91; z = 2.49; P < 0.01) and prolonged length of hospital stay(SMD,-1.59; 95%CI:-0.86--0.25; z = 4.22; P < 0.00001) following OTME. However, the oncological outcomes like number of harvested lymph nodes, tumour recurrence and risk of positive resection margins were statistically similar in both groups. In addition, the clinical outcomes such as operative complications, anastomotic leak and all-cause mortality were comparable between both approaches of mesorectal excision.CONCLUSION: LTME appears to have clinically and oncologically measurable advantages over OTME in patients with primary rectal cancer in both short term and long term follow ups.

Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic vs open surgery for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study

AIM: To evaluate the 5-year survival after laparoscopic surgery vs open surgery for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancer.METHODS:This study enrolled 406 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for stagesⅡandⅢrectal cancer between January 2000 and December 2009[laparoscopic rectal resection(LRR),n=152;open rectal resection(ORR),n=254].Clinical characteristics,operative outcomes,pathological outcomes,postoperative recovery,and 5-year survival outcomes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Most of the clinical characteristics were similar except age(59 years vs 55 years,P=0.033)between the LRR group and ORR group.The proportion of anterior resection was higher in the LRR group than that in the ORR group(81.6%vs 66.1%,P=0.001).The LRR group had less estimated blood loss(50m L vs 200 m L,P<0.001)and a lower rate of blood transfusion(4.6%vs 11.8%,P=0.019)compared to the ORR group.The pathological outcomes of the two groups were comparable.The LRR group was associated with faster recovery of bowel function(2.8 d vs 3.7 d,P<0.001)and shorter postoperative hospital stay(11.7 d vs 13.7 d,P<0.001).The median followup time was 63 mo in the LRR group and 65 mo in the ORR group.As for the survival outcomes,the 5-year local recurrence rate(16.0%vs 16.4%,P=0.753),5-year disease-free survival(DFS)rate(63.0%vs63.1%,P=0.589),and 5-year overall survival(OS)rate(68.1%vs 63.5%,P=0.682)were comparable between the LRR group and the ORR group.Stageby stage,there were also no statistical differences between the LRR group and the ORR group in terms of the 5-year local recurrence rate(stageⅡ:6.3%vs 8.7%,P=0.623;stageⅢ:26.4%vs 23.2%,P=0.747),5-year DFS rate(stageⅡ:77.5%vs 77.6%,P=0.462;stageⅢ:46.5%vs 50.9%,P=0.738),and5-year OS rate(stageⅡ:81.4%vs 74.3%,P=0.242;stageⅢ:53.9%vs 54.1%,P=0.459).CONCLUSION:LRR for stagesⅡandⅢrectal cancer can yield comparable long-term survival while achieving short-term benefits compared to open surgery.

Contemporary outcomes of patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical cystectomy:A comparative analysis between intracorporeal ileal conduit and neobladder urinary diversions

Objective We aimed to compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes for patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC)with intracorporeal ileal conduit(IC)and neobladder(NB)urinary diversion.Methods Patients undergoing RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion between January 2017 and January 2022 at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai,New York,NY,USA were indexed.Baseline demographics,clinical characteristics,perioperative,and oncologic outcomes were analyzed.Survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier plots.Results Of 261 patients(206[78.9%]male),190(72.8%)received IC while 71(27.2%)received NB diversion.Median age was greater in the IC group(71[interquartile range,IQR 65-78]years vs.64[IQR 59-67]years,p<0.001)and BMI was 26.6(IQR 23.2-30.4)kg/m^(2).IC group was more likely to have prior abdominal or pelvic radiation(15.8%vs.2.8%,p=0.014).American Association of Anesthesiologists scores were comparable between groups.The IC group had a higher proportion of patients with pathological tumor stage 2(pT2)tumors(34[17.9%]vs.10[14.1%],p=0.008)and pathological node stages pN2-N3(28[14.7%]vs.3[4.2%],p<0.001).The IC group had less median operative time(272[IQR 246-306]min vs.341[IQR 303-378]min,p<0.001)and estimated blood loss(250[150-500]mL vs.325[200-575]mL,p=0.002).Thirty-and 90-day complication rates were 44.4%and 50.2%,respectively,and comparable between groups.Clavien-Dindo grades 3-5 complications occurred in 27(10.3%)and 34(13.0%)patients within 30 and 90 days,respectively,with comparable rates between groups.Median follow-up was 324(IQR 167-552)days,and comparable between groups.Kaplan-Meier estimate for overall survival at 24 months was 89%for the IC cohort and 93%for the NB cohort(hazard ratio 1.23,95%confidence interval 1.05-2.42,p=0.02).Kaplan-Meier estimate for recurrence-free survival at 24 months was 74%for IC and 87%for NB(hazard ratio 1.81,95%confidence interval 0.82-4.04,p=0.10).Conclusion Patients undergoing intracorporeal IC urinary diversion had higher postoperative cancer stage,increased nodal involvement,similar complications outcomes,decreased overall survival,and similar recurrence-free survival compared to patients undergoing RARC with intracorporeal NB urinary diversion.

Breast reconstruction:Review of current autologous and implantbased techniques and long-term oncologic outcome

Implant-based reconstruction is the most common method of breast reconstruction.Autologous breast reconstruction is an indispensable option for breast reconstruction demanding keen microsurgical skills and robust anatomical understanding.The reconstructive choice is made by the patient after a discussion with the plastic surgeon covering all the available options.Advantages and disadvantages of each technique along with long-term oncologic outcome are reviewed.

Intersphincteric Resection Is the Optimal Procedure for Very Low Rectal Cancer: Techniques, Morbidity, Oncologic and Functional Outcomes

Background: The intersphincteric resection the most extreme form of a sphincter-preserving alternative for the abdominoperineal resection. Aim of the Work: We investigated oncological, functional outcomes and morbidity after ISR. Methods: This retrospective study included 164 patients who underwent ISR with between 2010 and 2015, Male 56.1%, Female 43.9%, with a median age was 54.5 years, Median follow-up time was of 48 months, Average surgical time was 230 min, Median blood loss was 700 mL and median hospital stay was nine days. Mean tumour size was34 mm. The surgical procedure through a laparotomy (72.6%), laparoscopically (27.4%). Neoadjuvant radiotherapy 89.6% {long-course radiotherapy 74.4%, short-course radiotherapy 15.2%}, neoadjuvant chemotherapy 28.7% and adjuvant chemotherapy 70.1%. Colonic J-pouch 16.5%, Transverse coloplasty 15.9%, a side-to-end anastomosis 26.8% and straight coloanal anastomosis 40.9%. Partial-ISR 36.6%, subtotal-ISR 37.2%, total-ISR 26.2%, diverting ileostomy 6.7%. Results: Operative mortality 1.2%, morbidity 14.6% (anastomotic leakage 3.7%, anastomotic stenosis 1.8%, a recto-vaginal fistula 2.4% bowel obstruction 3%, surgical site infection 3%. Respiratory tract infection 1.2%, local 7.9%, distant recurrence 15.2%, 5-year overall 79.8%, disease-free survival 75.8%, R0 resection 95.1%. Pathologic complete response 11%. Circumferential margin involvement 2.4%. Median number of lymph nodes 17. Mean distal margin20 mm, after 12 months Median Wexner score 6. Incontinence for (flatus 11%, liquid 4.9%, solid 4.3%). Median bowel motions in a 24-h were 3. Faecal urgency 17.7%. Stool fragmentation 18.9%. Difficult evacuation 17.7%, lifestyle alteration 14.6%. Difficulty Feces/flatus discrimination 43.3%. Nocturnal soiling in 17.1%. Daytime soiling 11%. Pad wearing 23.8%. Anti-diarrhoea medication loperamide 14%. Conclusion: ISR is a feasible surgical procedure for low rectal cancer. Oncologic and functional, outcomes after are acceptable.

Oncology and reproductive outcomes over 16 years of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors treated by fertility sparing surgery

BACKGROUND Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors(MOGCT)are rare and frequently occur in women of young and reproductive age and the oncologic and reproductive outcomes after fertility-sparing surgery(FSS)for this disease are still limited.AIM To evaluate the oncology and reproductive outcomes of MOGCT patients who underwent FSS.METHODS All MOGCT patients who underwent FSS defined as the operation with a preserved uterus and at least one side of the ovary at our institute between January 2005 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS Sixty-two patients were recruited for this study.The median age was 22 years old and over 77%were nulliparous.The three most common histology findings were immature teratoma(32.2%),dysgerminoma(24.2%),and yolk sac tumor(24.2%).The distribution of stage was as follows;Stage I,74.8%;stage II,9.7%;stage III,11.3%;and stage IV,4.8%.Forty-three(67.7%)patients received adjuvant chemotherapy.With a median follow-up time of 96.3 mo,the 10-year progressionfree survival and overall survival were 82.4%and 91%,respectively.For reproductive outcomes,of 43 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy,18(41.9%)had normal menstruation,and 17(39.5%)resumed menstruation with a median time of 4 mo.Of about 14 patients who desired to conceive,four were pregnant and delivered good outcomes.Only one case was aborted.Therefore,the successful pregnancy rate was 28.6%CONCLUSION The oncology and reproductive outcomes of MOGCT treated by FSS are excellent.Many patients show a long survival time with normal menstruation.However,the obstetric outcome is not quite satisfactory.

Mid-term outcomes of Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylopathy

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of Bryan disc replacement with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in patients with cervical spondylopathy. Methods Sixteen patients underwent Bryan cervicaldisc replacement (A group) ,and

Low rectal cancer:Sphincter preserving techniques-selection of patients,techniques and outcomes

Low rectal cancer is traditionally treated by abdominoperineal resection. In recent years, several new techniques for the treatment of very low rectal cancer patients aiming to preserve the gastrointestinal continuity and to improve both the oncological as well as the functional outcomes, have been emerged. Literature suggest that when the intersphincteric resection is applied in T1-3 tumors located within 30-35 mm from the anal verge, is technically feasible, safe, with equal oncological outcomes compared to conventional surgery and acceptable quality of life. The Anterior Perineal Plan E for Ultra-low Anterior Resection technique, is not disrupting the sphincters, but carries a high complication rate, while the reports on the oncological and functional outcomes are limited. Transanal Endoscopic Micro Surgery(TEM) and Trans Anal Minimally Invasive Surgery(TAMIS) should represent the treatment of choice for T1 rectal tumors, with specific criteria according to the NCCN guidelines and favorable pathologic features. Alternatively to the standard conventional surgery, neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy followed by TEM or TAMIS seems promising for tumors of a local stage T1sm2-3 or T2. Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision should be performed only when a board approved protocol is available by colorectal surgeons with extensive experience in minimally invasive and transanal endoscopic surgery.

Short-and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs open surgery for T2 gallbladder cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND With the development of laparoscopic techniques,gallbladder cancer(GBC)is no longer a contraindication to laparoscopic surgery(LS).Although LS is recommended for stage T1 GBC,the value of LS for stage T2 GBC is still controversial.AIM To evaluate the short-and long-term outcomes of LS in comparison to those of open surgery(OS)for stage T2 GBC.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Ovid,Google Scholar,and Web of Science databases for published studies comparing the efficacy of LS and OS in the treatment of stage T2 GBC,with a cutoff date of September 2022.The Stata 15 statistical software was used for analysis.Relative risk(RR)and weighted mean difference(WMD)were calculated to assess binary and continuous outcome indicators,respectively.Begg’s test and Egger’s test were used for detecting publication bias.RESULTS A total of five studies were included,with a total of 297 patients,153 in the LS group and 144 in the OS group.Meta-analysis results showed that the LS group was better than the OS group in terms of operative time[WMD=-41.29,95%confidence interval(CI):-75.66 to-6.92,P=0.02],estimated blood loss(WMD=-261.96,95%CI:-472.60 to-51.31,P=0.01),and hospital stay(WMD=-5.67,95%CI:-8.53 to-2.81,P=0.0001),whereas there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood transfusion(RR=0.60,95%CI:0.31-1.15,P=0.13),complications(RR=0.72,95%CI:0.39-1.33,P=0.29),number of lymph nodes retrieved(WMD=–1.71,95%CI:-4.27 to-0.84,P=0.19),recurrence(RR=0.41,95%CI:0.06-2.84,P=0.36),3-year and 5-year overall survival(RR=0.99,95%CI:0.82-1.18,P=0.89 and RR=1.02,95%CI:0.68-1.53,P=0.92;respectively),and 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival(RR=1.01,95%CI:0.84-1.21,P=0.93 and RR=1.15,95%CI:0.90-1.46,P=0.26;respectively).CONCLUSION The long-term outcomes of LS for T2 GBC are similar to those of OS,but LS is superior to OS in terms of operative time,intraoperative bleeding,and postoperative hospital stay.Nevertheless,these findings should be validated via high-quality randomized controlled trials and longer follow-ups.

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Prostate Cancer: Prospective Changes Analysis for Prognosis Prediction

Prostate cancer is affecting a higher proportion of male population. Health Related Quality of Life assessment can guide the development of an interdisciplinary and patient-centered care intervention. This study is aimed to assess Health Related Quality of Life in prostate cancer patients. Relationships between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes have been considered. Consecutive outpatients with prostate cancer, admitted at the Urology Clinic of the Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, were studied (n = 300). Health Related Quality of Life was assessed as part of the routine practice. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer general questionnaire, QLQ-C30, and its specific module for prostate cancer patients, QLQ-PR25, were used. Evolution along time (elapsed since diagnosis, and up to 5 years) was considered in order to search for a prognosis prediction in prostate cancer patients. This study confirms the feasibility of a systematic Health Related Quality of Life assessment. Global Health Related Quality of Life was found to be higher 6 months after diagnosis, decreasing then until the second year after diagnosis and improving thereafter. A peak with better scores was identified at the fifth year after diagnosis. Social and physical dimensions revealed a similar pattern. Clinical significance was found 6 months and 5 years after diagnosis. The prospective analysis of Health Related Quality of Life changes is able to explore the patients’ outcomes in order to find patterns and relationships for prognosis prediction along the disease course. Such approach might promote patient confidence and thus a better cancer experience.

Assessing the performance of different outcomes for tumor growth studies with animal models

The consistency of reporting results for patient-derived xenograft(PDX) studies is an area of concern. The PDX method commonly starts by implanting a derivative of a human tumor into a mouse, then comparing the tumor growth under different treatment conditions. Currently, a wide array of statistical methods(e.g., t-test, regression, chi-squared test) are used to analyze these data, which ultimately depend on the outcome chosen(e.g., tumor volume, relative growth, categorical growth). In this simulation study, we provide empirical evidence for the outcome selection process by comparing the performance of both commonly used outcomes and novel variations of common outcomes used in PDX studies. Data were simulated to mimic tumor growth under multiple scenarios, then each outcome of interest was evaluated for 10?000 iterations. Comparisons between different outcomes were made with respect to average bias, variance, type-1 error, and power. A total of 18 continuous, categorical, and time-to-event outcomes were evaluated, with ultimately 2 outcomes outperforming the others: final tumor volume and change in tumor volume from baseline.Notably, the novel variations of the tumor growth inhibition index(TGII)— a commonly used outcome in PDX studies— was found to perform poorly in several scenarios with inflated type-1 error rates and a relatively large bias. Finally, all outcomes of interest were applied to a real-world dataset.

Adjuvant therapy for orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma:comparison of long-term outcome between radiotherapy and chemotherapy

AIM:To illustrate clinicopathological features of orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma(NRSTS),and to compare the treatment outcome between postoperative radiotherapy(RT) and chemotherapy in a retrospective analysis nearly 20y.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of 56 patients with orbital NRSTS were reviewed,34 of whom received postoperative RT,and 22 received postoperative chemotherapy.The clinicopathological features,local recurrence,metastases,and survival data were recorded.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:During follow-up(111.8mo,ranged 8-233mo) for 56 patients,19 patients of them developed local recurrence,and 7 patients developed distant metastases.Fifteen patients died during follow-up period.Overall survival rates considering the whole study group was 78.57% at 5y,and 72.16% at 10y after the initial diagnosis.Compared with chemotherapy,RT was associated with lower risk of local recurrence [hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.263,95% confidence interval(CI),0.095-0.728,P=0.0015];with lower risk of distant metastasis(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.073,95%CI,0.015-0.364,P=0.0014);and with lower risk of death from disease(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.066,95%CI,0.022-0.200,P<0.0001).The 5-year survival rate in RT group was 97.06% compared to 50% in chemotherapy group.CONCLUSION:In patients with orbital NRSTS,postoperative RT provides better control of local recurrence,distant metastasis,and death from disease than chemotherapy.RT is the more preferrable adjuvant therapy compared to chemotherapy possibly.

OBE理念联合PBL教学法在肿瘤学研究生培养中的效果分析

目的:比较OBE理念联合PBL教学法与传统教学法在肿瘤学研究生培养中的效果。方法:随机选取昆明医科大学在读肿瘤学专业研究生60人,将其分两组,每组30人,分别是OBE理念联合PBL教学法的联合组和传统组。比较两组在考试成绩、自主学习能力、自我效能感方面的差异。结果:传统组的理论考试平均成绩(80.63±6.44)分低于联合组(86.87±5.78)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组自主学习能力、自我效能感明显优于传统组(P<0.05)。结论:与传统教学法相比,OBE理念联合PBL教学法模式能够提高肿瘤学研究生的学习成绩,提高学习的主动性。

肾部分切除术治疗囊性肾癌的功能学和肿瘤学结果:单中心回顾性研究

目的:分析单中心肾部分切除术治疗囊性肾癌的结果,并将其与监测、流行病学和最终结果(Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results,SEER)数据库进行对比,探究术后肾功能和肿瘤学结局。方法:纳入2010—2023年就诊于北京大学第三医院(Peking University Third Hospital,PUTH)泌尿外科行肾部分切除术的囊性肾癌患者,收集临床资料并统计基线特征。分别采用肾动态显像和加入了中国种族系数的慢性肾脏病流行病学协作组(Chinese Coefficients for Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration,C-CKD-EPI)公式测定估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR),并绘制肾功能的变化曲线,对患者进行随访,记录生存状态。纳入SEER数据库中2000—2020年的囊性肾癌病例,进行倾向性评分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)以平衡与PUTH患者数据的差异,采用Kaplan-Meier方法描绘PUTH队列和SEER队列的肿瘤特异性生存率(cancer-specific survival,CSS)曲线。结果:PUTH患者队列和SEER数据库中的患者队列分别纳入了38例和385例患者,PSM后各筛选出31例和72例,患者的基线特征仅在肿瘤直径上差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。PSM后在CSS上差异无统计学意义(P=0.556),SEER队列的中位随访时间为112.5个月,10年生存率为97.2%,PUTH队列的中位随访时间为57.0个月、10年生存率为100.0%。肾动态显像测定的eGFR与基于肌酐估算的结果差异无统计学意义(P=0.073);术前、术后短期、术后长期之间的eGFR差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),具体为术后短期肾功能下降,术后长期肾功能恢复。结论:肾部分切除术治疗囊性肾癌是安全可行的,具有较好的肾功能和肿瘤学结局。

基于患者报告结局的肿瘤营养治疗系统临床应用专家共识

临床结局指标是评估治疗效果和医疗服务质量的关键指标。传统的临床结局指标忽视了患者的主观感受,因此近年来患者报告结局(PRO)备受关注。在肿瘤领域,PRO可用于评估和监测症状,调查治疗满意度等,并对治疗决策和医疗政策产生影响。目前基于PRO的线上系统越来越受到重视。在肿瘤营养领域,电子患者报告结局(ePRO)系统可被应用于营养筛查、监测和管理,以此来提高干预效率,减轻医护人员负担,并促进患者对营养干预的积极性。随着人工智能的兴起,未来基于PRO的临床支持系统更有望改变传统的决策模式,进一步优化医疗服务质量。因此,本共识依据专家意见,以及国内外最新研究进展和应用实践,提出了ePRO系统在肿瘤营养临床和科研环境中的规范应用建议,以期推动肿瘤营养诊疗的高效性和全程性。

低温等离子手术治疗早期喉鳞状细胞癌整体预后及复发的相关因素研究

目的探讨低温等离子手术治疗早期喉鳞状细胞癌(简称喉癌)的整体预后情况,并评估相关风险因素对患者无病生存期(DFS)的影响,从而分析影响手术疗效的因素,总结临床经验。方法回顾性分析2013年4月—2020年12月接受经口内镜下低温等离子手术治疗、有完整随访资料的患者369例早期喉癌患者的临床资料。随访时间为32~124个月,中位随访时间72个月。并统计分析获得患者各项肿瘤学结果,包括DFS、总生存期(OS)、局部控制率(LC)、保喉率(LP)。结果术后共计70例患者出现复发,40例死亡。所有患者总的1、2、5年DFS分别为89%(95%CI:86%~92%)、85%(95%CI:82%~89%)、80%(95%CI:76%~84%),中位DFS未到达。1、2、5年OS分别为97%(95%CI:96%~99%)、92%(95%CI:89%~95%)、89%(95%CI:85%~92%),中位OS未到达。且累及前连合显著影响患者DFS,但对OS没有影响。而ACI患者1、2、5年DFS分别为87%(95%CI:82%~92%)、82%(95%CI:77%~88%)、76%(95%CI:70%~82%)。而未侵犯患者1、2、5年DFS分别为92%(95%CI:87%~96%),89%(95%CI:84%~93%),85%(95%CI:79%~91%)。结论等离子手术与CO_(2)激光手术或是单纯放疗的疗效较为接近。累及前连合与术后肿瘤切缘也是影响患者术后DFS的重要因素,并且术后复发患者的二次等离子手术并非禁忌。术前做好相应评估,在确认前连合区域外侧甲状软骨没有明显侵犯并且术前判断可以获得阴性切缘的情况下再考虑行等离子手术治疗,才能使患者获得最佳疗效。

Transanal total mesorectal excision combined with intersphincteric resection has similar long-term oncological outcomes to laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection in low rectal cancer:a propensity score-matched cohort study

Background Transanal total mesorectal excision(taTME)or intersphincteric resection(ISR)has recently proven to be a valid and safe surgical procedure for low rectal cancer.However,studies focusing on the combination of these two technologies are limited.This study aimed to evaluate perioperative results,long-termoncologic outcomes,and anorectal functions of patients with low rectal cancer undergoing taTME combined with ISR,by comparing with those of patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection(laAPR).Methods After 1:1 propensity score matching,200 patients with low rectal cancer who underwent laAPR(n=100)or taTME combined with ISR(n=100)between September 2013 and November 2019 were included.Patient demographics,clinicopathological characteristics,oncological outcomes,and anal functional results were analysed.Results Patients in the taTME-combined-with-ISR group had less intraoperative blood loss(79.6672.6 vs 107.3665.1 mL,P=0.005)and a lower rate of post-operative complications(22.0%vs 44.0%,P<0.001)than those in the laAPR group.The overall local recurrence rates were 7.0%in both groups within 3 years after surgery.The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 86.3%in the taTME-combined-with-ISR group and 75.1%in the laAPR group(P=0.056),while the 3-year overall survival rates were 96.7%and 94.2%,respectively(P=0.319).There were 39 patients(45.3%)in the taTME-combined-with-ISR group who developed major low anterior resection syndrome,whereas 61 patients(70.9%)had good post-operative anal function(Wexner incontinence score≤10).Conclusion We found similar long-term oncological outcomes for patients with low rectal cancer undergoing laAPR and those undergoing taTME combined with ISR.Patients receiving taTME combined with ISR had acceptable post-operative anorectal function.