Guadalupian (Middle Permian) Conodont Faunas at Shangsi Section,Northeast Sichuan Province

This study recovered the Guadalupian conodont faunas from Shangsi （上寺） Section in Northeast Sichuan （四川）. Four genera and nine species were identified, and three conodont zones were recognized and established; they include Jinogondolella nankingensis Zone, J. aserrata Zone, and J. postserrata Zone. The Roadian and Wordian boundary is set in the interval 5 m from the top of Bed 86 by the first appearance of the conodont J. aserrata. The Wordian and Capitanian boundary is set in the interval 2.3 m from the top of the Bed 95 by the first appearance ofJ. postserrata. Most of the specimens demonstrated low color alteration index （CAI） as 1.5-3, indicating that most part of the Maokou （茅口） Formation may have the suitable thermal conditions for the formation of oil source rocks.

Inversion of Stress Fields in the Middle Section of the Xiaojiang Fault and Its Adjacent Area

With waveform data of 613 earthquakes with ML ≥ 2. 5 in the middle section of the Xiaojiang fault and its adjacent area which occurred during January,1998 to September 2007,focal mechanisms were calculated by the direct wave amplitude ratio of S /P in the vertical component and their characteristics were analyzed. According to regional tectonic features of the middle section of the Xiaojiang fault and its adjacent area,the study region was partitioned into two zones with the Xiaojiang fault as the boundary,e. g. zone A and zone B (including the Xiaojiang fault). In order to research the faults stress in detail,the Xiaojiang fault zone was picked out for independent analysis. The study region was also partitioned into 1°× 1° cells with a 0. 5° step. The stress fields of zone A,B and the fault zone were inverted with the FMSI method (Gephart,1990). The results show that first, the faults are mainly of strike-slip in the middle section and its adjacent area,amounting to 81. 28%,69. 23% and 72. 97% in the A,B and fault zones,respectively. Secondly,the stress inversion also indicates that the directions of maximum principal stress σ1 in the A, B,and fault zones are approximately NNW,NWW and NWW,the stress action is mainly horizontal,and strike-slip faulting is dominant in the study area. On the other hand,the direction of the principal stress field in the central Yunnan block changed from NNW to NWW,however,in the region between the Yuanmou and Pudu River faults,the azimuth of the main compressive stress shows that the north-south slip is obvious. While the direction of the main compressive stress of the Xiaojiang fault zone is nearly NW; in the east of the Xiaojiang fault,the direction of principal compressive stress is NW to NNW in the eastern Yunnan block.

Element Geochemical Division of the Middle Segment of the Sanjiang (Three-River) Region

This paper describes the aim and principle of element geochemical division, the source of samples and data processing, the choice of divisional indices and the division of index value ranges. According to the geological structures and characteristic values (the accumulated value of enrichment coefficient) of the mantle-type elements (K T) this region can be divided into seven geochemical zones, i.e., the Yangtze basement, the Yangtze cover, the Jinshajiang paleo-Tethys, the Lancangjiang paleo-Tethys, the Lanping Mesozoic basin, the Indosinian granite, and the Himalayan granite. Again in accordance with the different characteristic values of high field strength elements (HFSE) (K Nb) or radiogenic elements (K Th) 16 geochemical sub-zones can be divided. Meanwhile, this paper also discusses the rules of variation in characteristic value of the various sub-zones and points out the characteristics of enrichment of ore-forming elements in some of the sub-zones.

Taxonomy,Zonation and Correlation of the Graptolite Fauna across the Lower/Middle Ordovician Boundary Interval in the Yangtze Gorges Area,South China

The graptolite fauna across the Lower and Middle Ordovician boundary at the Huanghuachang GSSP section, Yichang and the Jianyangping section, Xingshan County is described. The taxonomy of the pendent didymograptids, the graptolite zonations across the base of Middle Ordovician and their correlations are discussed in this paper. The two revised graptolite zones, the Didymograptellus bifidus Zone and the Azygograptus suecicus Zone, can be well correlated to their equivalents elsewhere in the world.

RESEARCH ON THE ON-LINE MEASURING SYSTEM FOR THE MIDDLE-CONVEX AND VARYING ELLIPSE PISTON SKIRT

The middle convex and varying ellipse piston is th e key component of an internal combustion engine In general,the piston is mac hined by non circular section CNC lathe,but the measuring of piston profile is manipulated by off line Because the off line measuring reference is differen t from the machining reference,the measurement result is diverse from the act ual dimension A new method to measure the middle convex and varying ellipse p iston profile, which is known as on line measuring, is presented By using thi s kind of method,the high measurement accuracy can be gained,as well as meeting the production requirement.

Wind tunnel study of aerodynamic wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge

Segment sectional model tests are carried out to investigate the wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge, which has complicated three-dimensional flow due to its feature of double columns. Through the force measuring tests, aerodynamic force coefficients of every segment of the pylon columns have been obtained. It is found that the tested aerodynamic force coefficients are much smaller than those given by codes. The interference effects of aerodynamic force coefficients between columns of pylon are discussed. The results show that the interference effect is the most evident when the yaw angle is about 30 ° from transverse direction. This kind of interference effect can be described as diminutions in transverse aerodynamic force coefficients and magnifications in longitudinal aerodynamic force coefficients of downstream columns.

西南三江中段白玉洛绒地区铬铁矿产出特征与类型

工作区位于三江造山带的中段,自古生代以来,先后经历了晚古生代—中生代早期多岛海、弧后扩张的同时伴随着造山作用,中生代中—晚期俯冲造山和新生代陆内转换造山3次不同类型造山过程完成的陆内造山带。3次不同造山阶段,相应形成3个重要成矿期。由于成矿期重覆叠加,成矿作用反复发生,矿源多次活化富集.

武汉市中老年人群口腔健康现况研究

目的 分析武汉市中老年人群口腔健康现况,为中老年人口腔疾病预防和促进口腔健康提供临床依据。方法数据来自武汉市机关单位组织的年度健康体检数据系统中45~95岁人群的口腔检查结果,共1994人。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)《口腔健康调查基本方法》(第5版),重点对龋病、牙周病、牙列缺损、牙列缺失及义齿修复状况等资料进行研究。采用卡方检验和方差分析等统计学方法进行数据分析。结果 1994名研究对象中,男性有1613人(占80.89%),75岁以上老年人有218人(占10.93%),龋均、失牙均数分别为2.68、2.03颗。龋均和失牙均数随着年龄的增加而增加,45~,55~,65~,75~和85~95岁组龋均和失牙均数分别为0.98和0.54,1.82和1.39,3.21和2.48,7.65和6.04,12.65和9.91颗,不同年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。失牙修复比例同样随年龄的增加而增加(P<0.01),不同年龄段社区牙周指数(CPI)差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CPI为0的人数在各个年龄段占比随年龄的增加而降低,CPI为2的人数占比大致随年龄的增加而增加(均P<0.01)。结论 武汉市机关中老年体检人群总体口腔健康检查结果与第4次全国口腔健康检查的城市地区相比,整体状况略好。但在高龄人群中,龋病、牙周病、失牙和未修复义齿情况仍较严重,应提高老年人对口腔疾病的预防意识,通过定期口腔检查,及时发现并治疗。同时也应关注高龄老人的义齿修复问题,提高老年人群的生活质量。

库车坳陷秋里塔格构造带中东段油气充注期次及成藏模式

库车坳陷秋里塔格构造带新生界油藏勘探潜力大,古近系膏盐岩相变区储层砂岩厚度薄,油气成藏过程复杂。利用流体包裹体岩相学观察、激光拉曼光谱、包裹体测温、盆地模拟和储层定量荧光光谱等方法,分析古近系库姆格列木群盐间砂岩样品的烃充注相关流体记录,明确研究区油气充注期次和成藏模式。结果表明:古近纪末—中新世早期,中质油聚集于白垩系砂岩顶部;中新世中期,库姆格列木群砂岩储层第一期轻质油—凝析油充注发生于约14.2 Ma,以蓝绿色荧光包裹体组合为主,古油藏广泛分布;中新世晚期—上新世中期,构造挤压作用增强,逆冲断裂、构造裂缝导致古油藏大量散失;上新世晚期以来,随埋藏深度的增加,高纯度、厚层膏盐层封盖性逐渐恢复,砂岩储层第二期甲烷干气充注发生于约3.7 Ma,形成含甲烷包裹体组合,构成现今盐间砂岩气藏的基本油气特征,形成膏盐岩盖层与构造作用双重控制的油气成藏模式。该结果为秋里塔格构造带中东段进一步勘探提供依据。

亚东-谷露断裂带中北段地热流体碳硫硼同位素特征

亚东—谷露断裂带中北段地热系统深循环过程十分复杂,对该区域地热资源的评估具有较大影响。加深对地热水起源、演化和循环过程的研究,对地热资源的勘探和开发具有较大的意义。地热流体中碳硫硼稳定同位素特征分析是研究地热水来源、地热水循环深度和地热水作用过程的方法之一。对亚东—谷露断裂带中北段地热水进行了系统性采样,测量了碳硫硼同位素。进行了碳硫硼同位素分析,结果显示:稳定同位素特征源于地热流体对围岩和地层的淋滤作用和水-岩相互作用。该地热系统中碳的主要来源为碳酸盐的溶解,与区域上分布的碳酸盐地层有关。谷露和续迈地热田δ^(34)S具有较大的分散性,显示出硫来源的非单一性,δ^(34)S均在大气碳酸盐和蒸发碳酸盐范围内,δ^(34)S同位素的来源为大气降水和热储层中的硫酸盐矿物。谷露地热田具有较低的δ^(11)B值和较低的Cl/B比值,较高的硼含量,且硼含量和硼同位素值相对集中,表明硼主要源于地热流体对围岩的淋滤作用。大气降水和冰雪融水中硼含量极少,主要起到对地热水中硼含量的稀释作用,不改变地热水中的δ^(11)B值。本研究的结果验证了亚东—谷露断裂带中北段地热系统地下热水的起源主要为大气降水,在深循环过程中存在少量岩浆流体的混入。

超大埋深软岩隧道超前中导洞合理断面尺寸及应力峰值转移机制

在超大埋深软岩隧道中,通常地应力较高,且围岩软弱破碎,在施工过程中不可避免地会出现大变形现象,造成支护结构失效破坏。采用超前中导洞应力释放技术提前释放地应力,可以改善支护结构的受力状态,减小隧道变形量,保证支护结构的安全。依托丽香线哈巴雪山大变形隧道,采用文献调研、数值模拟及现场监测等手段对超大埋深软岩隧道超前中导洞合理断面大小进行研究,分析了中导洞不同断面大小工况下应力释放效果,最终确定中导洞合理断面大小。研究结果表明,超前中导洞断面为正洞断面面积的0.6倍时,应力释放效果较为理想,相比直接开挖正洞,采用合理超前中导洞断面时,正洞拱顶沉降及上、下台阶水平收敛值分别减小28.2%、27.64%和26.71%,且围岩中切向应力峰值向围岩深部转移了约4 m,同时,应力峰值数值有所减小,减小约5.04%。研究成果可为类似大变形隧道工程提供参考与借鉴。

新形势下大中小学师资一体化协同培养——基于虚拟教研室建设构建研究

构建虚拟教研室数字化平台进行协同培养,通过灵活的管理制度进行有效管理,线上线下联动构建师资一体化协同培养共同体,加快数字化平台建设,建立定期总结与反馈机制。

Method and Description of Sedimentary System Characterization Based on Sequence Stratigraphy

A Oilfield is the most representative mid to deep oil field in the Bohai Sea, with the main oil bearing intervals being the upper and middle Shahejie-3 sections of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation. By combining well seismic analysis, the middle section of Shahejie-3 is divided into high-level system tract and forced lake retreat system tract, corresponding to the II oil formation and I oil formation, respectively. Using sequence stratigraphy methods, based on seismic profiles and drilling lithological cycles, the high stand system tract is divided into 5 stages of delta progradation. The first and second stages are high angle S-type progradation with large sedimentary thickness, the third stage is oblique progradation, and the fourth and fifth stages are S-oblique composite progradation;By combining seismic data, we characterized the large-scale (8 small-scale) progradation bodies of 5 periods, clarified the distribution characteristics of reservoir planes, and laid the foundation for the later exploration of oilfield potential.

大兴安岭山脉中段地区生态系统服务多维度权衡协同关系研究——以兴安盟地区为例

探究不同生态系统服务间的交互耦合关系、开展生态系统服务可持续管理是实现多维生态系统服务协调发展的关键前提。论文基于InVEST与CASA模型、热点分析、相关性与局部空间自相关分析等方法,定量分析2000—2020年处于大兴安岭山脉中段的兴安盟地区多种生态系统服务与植被净生产力(NPP)的时空变化及生态系统服务间的权衡协同关系。结果表明:(1)研究区各生态系统服务总量呈非对称持续上升趋势,空间分布自西北向东南依次递减,降水量的波动致使土壤保持服务与水源涵养服务的增量高于碳存储服务。(2)生态重要程度空间分布自西北向东南依次递减,重点生态区的占地面积增量显著,主要分布在研究区中部地区,生态环境质量得以提升。(3)协同关系是该区域生态系统服务之间的主导关系,各生态系统服务之间的相关程度各异,权衡协同强度较弱。(4)生态系统服务之间权衡协同关系的空间异质性显著,总体上西北与东南为协同区域,中部为权衡区域。研究结论对于实现研究区协调社会经济与生态共同发展具有重要意义。

近10年长江中游重点险工段近岸河床冲淤演变特点分析

险工段是河道岸坡易崩段,是长江防洪体系的薄弱环节,险工段近岸河床演变直接关乎沿江堤防稳定和防洪安全。根据近10 a来长江中游重点险工段观测成果,研究了险工段近岸河床冲淤演变特点及水沙条件、整治工程、土体组成等对险工段河床演变的影响。结果表明,整治工程实施对保障险工段近岸河床稳定具有显著作用,岸坡趋于稳定是长江中游重点险工段演变的总体规律。受局部河势调整影响,仍有1/3左右的险工段近岸河床存在冲刷趋陡的现象,需加强观测并采取相应守护措施。研究成果对研判长江中游重点险工段岸坡稳定发展趋势、优化险工段观测位置布设具有重要意义。

河西走廊中段荒漠植被组成及土壤养分空间分布特征

荒漠植被是河西走廊绿洲生态安全防护的重要屏障,研究荒漠植被组成及土壤养分分布特征对于荒漠—绿洲过渡带荒漠植被建设及管理有重要意义。本研究基于大量野外调查,并使用传统统计学与地统计学方法,研究了河西走廊中段及巴丹吉林沙漠南缘荒漠植被组成及土壤养分特征,并解析了其与环境因子的相关关系。结果表明:河西走廊中段及巴丹吉林沙漠西南缘荒漠区植物组成单一,多样性较低,且植物种类集中在少数科中,出现频度高的植物均为红砂(Reaumuria songarica)和白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)等典型荒漠植物。草本植物分布与年均降水量有较强相关性,研究区最南端的山丹县草本生物量达到108.01 g·m^(-2),在一定年降水量区间,灌木生物量随降水增加而增加,最高值出现在靠近祁连山北坡的肃州区,为134.03 g·m^(-2);降水量的增加,会显著促进草本植物的生长。研究区表层土壤有机碳、总氮、总磷含量最高,其平均值分别为2.12 g·kg^(−1)、0.25 g·kg^(−1)、0.41 g·kg^(−1),且离散程度较底层土壤更高;水平方向上三种土壤养分变异程度高,空间自相关性弱,最高值出现在张掖绿洲附近,分别达到11.22 g·kg^(−1)、1.30 g·kg^(−1)、0.73 g·kg^(−1)。主成分分析显示,造成研究区生境差异的首要因素是土壤属性,其次是降水,但不同环境因子之间也会互相影响,共同驱动了荒漠植被组成及分布。

后路长节段和短节段固定治疗中段胸椎结核的疗效比较

目的研究一期后路病灶清除、椎间植骨长节段固定或短节段固定治疗中段胸椎结核的疗效。方法回顾性研究2010年1月至2018年10月符合纳入标准的51例中段胸椎结核患者,年龄21~72岁,平均(46.3±13.5)岁。所有患者行一期后路病灶清除、椎间植骨椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗,其中26例采用长节段固定(A组),25例采用短节段固定(B组),比较两组的临床疗效。结果两组患者均手术顺利,无严重术后并发症。A组的手术时间明显长于B组,术中出血量明显多于B组(P<0.05)。A组随访60~102个月,平均(75.5±11.8)个月;B组随访60~108个月,平均(76.8±11.6)个月。术后两组的红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentaion rate,ESR)、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、神经功能均较术前明显改善;根据Kirkaldy-Willis标准A组和B组优良率分别为92.3%和92%(P>0.05)。A组后凸Cobb角术前平均33.6°±4.3°,术后下降为22.1°±2.9°(P<0.05),矫正率为44.2%±4.9%,末次随访丢失1.1°±0.8°;B组术前后凸Cobb为32.8°±5.1°,术后降低至21.6°±3.2°(P<0.05),矫正率为44.5%±4.5%,末次随访丢失1.1°±0.7°。两组患者术前、术后、末次随访后凸Cobb角、矫正率、术后角度丢失比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。平均融合时间A组为(10.8±2.1)个月,B组为(11.0±2.0)个月,两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论一期后路长节段或短节段固定治疗中段胸椎结核均能明显改善后凸畸形和神经功能损害,显著提高患者的生活质量,但短节段固定可减少失血量并缩短手术时间,适合有手术适应证的中段胸椎结核患者。

中老年慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛患者恐动症的影响因素分析

目的调查中老年慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛(chronic musculoskeletal pain,CMP)患者恐动症发生现状,并采用Logistic回归分析模型与决策树模型分析其影响因素。方法于2023年1月—6月采用方便抽样法,选取在新疆乌鲁木齐市某三级甲等骨科专科医院住院的370例中老年CMP患者为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表、恐动症评分表、一般自我效能感量表、医学应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析模型与决策树模型分析老年CMP患者恐动症的影响因素,并评价两种模型的预测效果。结果352例中老年CMP住院患者完成研究。恐动症发生率为67.3%。Logistic回归分析模型与决策树模型均显示,自我效能感、社会支持是中老年CMP住院患者恐动症发生的影响因素。两种模型分析结果比较显示,Logistic回归分析模型的敏感度(99.2%)、特异度(89.5%),均高于决策树模型(96.6%、87.8%)。Logistic回归分析模型的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)为0.971(95%CI:0.952~0.990),标准误为0.010,决策树模型的AUC为0.948(95%CI:0.921~0.974),标准误为0.013,两种模型的预测价值良好。结论中老年CMP住院患者恐动症发生率高,Logistic回归分析模型与决策树模型相结合,能充分挖掘中老年CMP住院患者恐动症影响因素,建议将两种模型联合使用,为中老年CMP住院患者恐动症的评估与干预提供依据。

长江中游城陵矶—武汉河段稳定航深计算方法改进

航道稳定航深计算是充分利用航道水深资源的前提条件,改进稳定航深的计算过程对估算航道水深潜力有重要的意义。为计算长江中游城陵矶—武汉河段航道最大稳定水深,改进了稳定航深估算法中的河相关系参数、水深修正系数及分流比计算过程,同时综合考虑分汊河段和非分汊河段的稳定航深,最后确定了城陵矶—武汉河段在不同流量、不同河宽下的稳定航深。研究结果表明:(1)通过构建城陵矶—武汉河段流量Q与河相系数α、形状系数k、河相指数β、河宽B的经验关系,可简化改进稳定航深估算法的稳定航深计算过程。(2)城陵矶—武汉河段在98%设计通航保证率流量下,150、200、250 m航宽尺度下基于自然禀赋的稳定航深分别为5.98、5.64、5.30 m;在20 000 m^(3)/s流量下,150、200、250 m航宽尺度下的稳定航深分别为12.56、11.89、11.22 m;在30 000 m^(3)/s流量下,150、200、250 m航宽尺度下的稳定航深分别为16.81、16.16、15.49 m。

砂泥岩地层浅埋大跨暗挖地铁车站转序落底关键技术

大断面暗挖地铁车站工程采用双侧壁导坑法施工,该方法是处理软岩地层、浅埋地段等不利条件下的常用施工技术手段。结合重庆轨道交通18号线北延工程黄沙溪站暗挖车站开挖工艺及施工步序,利用midas GTS建立的计算模型,分析车站中洞开挖对车站围岩和初期支护结构的应力、位移特征及稳定性的影响,通过现场监控量测及自动化应力监测,进一步验证了提前解除车站两端优化中洞的安全性、可靠性、经济性,有力保障了车站隧道的安全施工及毗邻既有建(构)筑物的安全,可为同类工程提供借鉴和参考。