Functional magnetic resonance imaging study of group independent components underpinning item responses to paranoid-depressive scale

BACKGROUND Our study expand upon a large body of evidence in the field of neuropsychiatric imaging with cognitive,affective and behavioral tasks,adapted for the functional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)(fMRI)experimental environment.There is sufficient evidence that common networks underpin activations in task-based fMRI across different mental disorders.AIM To investigate whether there exist specific neural circuits which underpin differ-ential item responses to depressive,paranoid and neutral items(DN)in patients respectively with schizophrenia(SCZ)and major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS 60 patients were recruited with SCZ and MDD.All patients have been scanned on 3T magnetic resonance tomography platform with functional MRI paradigm,comprised of block design,including blocks with items from diagnostic paranoid(DP),depression specific(DS)and DN from general interest scale.We performed a two-sample t-test between the two groups-SCZ patients and depressive patients.Our purpose was to observe different brain networks which were activated during a specific condition of the task,respectively DS,DP,DN.RESULTS Several significant results are demonstrated in the comparison between SCZ and depressive groups while performing this task.We identified one component that is task-related and independent of condition(shared between all three conditions),composed by regions within the temporal(right superior and middle temporal gyri),frontal(left middle and inferior frontal gyri)and limbic/salience system(right anterior insula).Another com-ponent is related to both diagnostic specific conditions(DS and DP)e.g.It is shared between DEP and SCZ,and includes frontal motor/language and parietal areas.One specific component is modulated preferentially by to the DP condition,and is related mainly to prefrontal regions,whereas other two components are significantly modulated with the DS condition and include clusters within the default mode network such as posterior cingulate and precuneus,several occipital areas,including lingual and fusiform gyrus,as well as parahippocampal gyrus.Finally,component 12 appeared to be unique for the neutral condition.In addition,there have been determined circuits across components,which are either common,or distinct in the preferential processing of the sub-scales of the task.CONCLUSION This study has delivers further evidence in support of the model of trans-disciplinary cross-validation in psychiatry.

基于Group-Res2Block的智能合成语音说话人确认方法

针对现有说话人确认任务基于自然语音条件下并不适用于智能合成语音的问题,提出一种基于Group-Res2Block的智能合成语音说话人确认方法。首先,设计了Group-Res2Block结构,在Res2Block的基础上将当前分组与相邻前后分组进行合并形成新的分组,以增强说话人局部特征的上下文联系;其次,设计了并行结构的多尺度通道注意力特征融合机制,利用不同大小卷积核实现同一层级的特征在通道维度的特征选择,以获取更具表现力的说话人特征,避免信息冗余;最后,设计了串行结构的多尺度层注意力特征融合机制,构建层结构,将深浅层特征整体进行融合并赋予不同权重,以获取最优的特征表达。为验证所提出特征提取网络的有效性,构建了中英文两种智能合成语音数据集进行消融实验和对比实验。结果表明本文方法在该任务的评价指标精确度(accuracy,ACC)、等错误率(equal error rate,EER)和最小检测代价函数(minimum detection cost function,minDCF)上是最优的。此外,通过对模型泛化性能进行测试,验证了本文方法对未知智能语音算法的适用性。

Size and proportion of urban and rural middle-income group in China: A comparative analysis based on CHNS and CHIP data

To enlarge the middle-income group and construct the "olivary" income distribution becomes one of the important issues of the economic development and income distribution reform in China. The income distribution function is estimated with kernel density, and the income distribution M-curve is constructed with CHNS and CHIP data to calculate the middle-income group. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is carried out for the changing trend of the size and proportion of middle-income group. Research conclusion: it is discovered according to the income distribution M-curve that the key to the enlargement of urban middle-income group lies in the lower middle-income group, while the key to the enlargement of rural middle-income group lies in the improvement of the upper middle-income group. The range of middle-income group is expanding, but due to the small scale, low proportion, and poor stability, it has not developed the "olivary" income distribution structure yet, and income inequality tends to be deepened.

Analysis of a Group of Weak Small-Scale Vortexes in the Planetary Boundary Layer in the Mei-yu Front

A mei-yu front process in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River on 23 June 1999 was simulated by using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR （PSU/NCAR） Mesoscale Model （MM5） with FDDA （Four Dimension Data Assimilation）. The analysis shows that seven weak small mesoscale vortexes of tens of kilometers, correspondent to surface low trough or mesoscale centers, in the planetary boundary layer （PBL） in the mei-yu front were heavily responsible for the heavy rainfall. Sometimes, several weak small-scale vortexes in the PBL could form a vortex group, some of which would weaken locally, and some would develop to be a meso-α-scale low vortex through combination. The initial dynamical triggering mechanism was related to two strong currents： one was the northeast flow in the PBL at the rear of the mei-yu front, the vortexes occurred exactly at the side of the northeast flow; and the other was the strong southwest low-level jet （LLJ） in front of the Mei-yu front, which moved to the upper of the vortexes. Consequently, there were notable horizontal and vertical wind shears to form positive vorticity in the center of the southwest LLJ. The development of mesoscale convergence in the PBL and divergence above, as well as the vertical positive vorticity column, were related to the small wind column above the nose-shaped velocity contours of the northeast flow embedding southwestward in the PBL, which intensified the horizontal wind shear and the positive vorticity column above the vortexes, baroclinicity and instability.

Cells grouping scheme against pilot contamination in large scale antennas system

The influence of cells groupings factor to the performance of the cells groupings time-shift pilot scheme is researched for the multiple cells large scale antennas systems（LSAS）. The former researches have confirmed that the cells groupings time-shift pilots scheme is effective to reduce inter-cell interference, especially pilot contamination, which results from the pilot reuse in adjacent cells. However, they have not specified reasonable cells groupings factor, which plays a critical role in the general performance of the LSAS. Therefore, this problem is researched in details. The time for reverse-link data transmission will be compressed, when the groupings factor surpasses a certain range. Thus it is not always beneficial to increase the cells groupings factor without limitation. Furthermore,a reasonable cells groupings factor is deduced from the perspective of optimization to enhance the system performance. Simulations verify the proposed cell grouping factor.

The Clinical Strategies Implementation Scale Revised(CSI-R).Fidelity Assessment of Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment

The Clinical Strategies Implementation scale (CSI) was originally designed to be used by external reviewers in order to measure the extent to which evidence-based strategies had been implemented in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders according to Resource-group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT). The present investigation had two aims: 1) to conduct a revision of CSI and to examine the revised instrument (CSI-R) in terms of interrater reliability (Study I);2) to compare assessments of CSI-R made by experienced assessors with assessments made by students in case management (Study II) in order to determine whether the instrument has validity even when more inexperienced persons are using it. In Study I six raters, who took part in 12 to 15 cases from three outpatient community mental health teams, participated. Results indicated that internal consistency of the CSI-R was strong (alpha = 0.89) as well as correlations between individual raters’ (r between 0.80-0.98). In Study II 91 newly trained RACT praxis trainees participated. Each of them followed one case for eighteen months, i.e., the client which they had been assigned during training (n = 91). The five external auditors in the education program then independently assessed the 91 cases with the CSI-R. Results showed significant correlations between experts and trainees (rho = 0.68,

Derivation of a second-order model for Reynolds stress using renormalization group analysis and the two-scale expansion technique

With the two-scale expansion technique proposed by Yoshizawa,the turbulent fluctuating field is expanded around the isotropic field.At a low-order two-scale expansion,applying the mode coupling approximation in the Yakhot-Orszag renormalization group method to analyze the fluctuating field,the Reynolds-average terms in the Reynolds stress transport equation,such as the convective term,the pressure-gradient-velocity correlation term and the dissipation term,are modeled.Two numerical examples：turbulent flow past a backward-facing step and the fully developed flow in a rotating channel,are presented for testing the efficiency of the proposed second-order model.For these two numerical examples,the proposed model performs as well as the Gibson-Launder （GL） model,giving better prediction than the standard k-ε model,especially in the abilities to calculate the secondary flow in the backward-facing step flow and to capture the asymmetric turbulent structure caused by frame rotation.

数字经济、创业与中等收入群体规模

利用马克思资本循环理论、蒂蒙斯创业理论阐释数字经济扩大中等收入群体规模的理论逻辑,并利用2012—2021年中国31个省份的面板数据检验了数字经济对中等收入群体规模的影响。研究发现:数字经济能显著扩大中等收入群体规模。机制研究表明:数字经济能通过促进创业而扩大中等收入群体规模。具体而言,数字经济有助于促进创业融资和优化创业企业的要素配置,从而有助于扩大中等收入群体规模。进一步研究发现:良好的营商环境能强化数字经济对创业的促进作用,从而能强化数字经济对中等收入群体规模的扩大作用。异质性检验结果表明:组织型创业与自我雇佣型创业都能使数字经济更好地发挥其对中等收入群体规模的扩大作用;在数字经济的支持下,无论是在制造业中创业,还是在服务业中创业,均能显著扩大中等收入群体规模。

面向大规模优化问题的精英贡献两阶段动态分组算法

协同进化框架是解决大规模全局优化问题的有效方法,设计合理的决策变量分组方法是提高协同进化算法性能的关键,而利用精英决策变量动态构建精英子组件可以有效提高进化效率,但在进行大规模优化时,其可能将无关的变量分配到同一子组件,从而无法充分利用分组提高协同进化效率。针对该问题,提出一种精英贡献两阶段动态分组算法(EC-TSDG)。在分组前阶段,对变量进行随机分组,评估变量的贡献程度,从众多变量中寻找精英贡献变量;在分组后阶段,利用变量的相关关系寻找与精英决策变量存在相互作用的剩余变量,并将其合并形成精英子组件,使得精英子组件内部的变量两两相关,以此提高变量分组的准确性以及算法的收敛速度,避免子组件之间的相关干扰。最后,采用具有外部存档的自适应差分进化算法作为优化器进化各个子组件。在CEC'2013测试集上与其他先进算法进行比较,实验结果表明,EC-TSDG收敛速度快于对比算法,Friedman检验值为1.43,平均排序较对比的动态分组算法DCC平均提升36.78%。

螺杆挤出机相似放大理论的研究进展

总结了近些年来国内外提出的螺杆挤出机相似放大准则,并对比分析了常用的放大系数和适用范围,同时,介绍了相似放大理论在螺杆挤出机中的优化挤出机的结构参数、工艺条件的实际应用,最后指出了螺杆挤出机相似放大理论进一步探索和优化,为螺杆挤出机行业的可持续发展提供更加有效的理论支持。

吐哈盆地胜北洼陷中下侏罗统水西沟群天文旋回地层划分

根据自然伽马测井数据,对吐哈盆地胜北洼陷沁探1井中下侏罗统水西沟群开展旋回地层学分析和沉积噪声模拟,并利用识别出的地层中的米兰科维奇旋回信号来研究地球轨道周期对湖平面变化的驱动作用,进而进行天文旋回地层划分。研究结果表明:①吐哈盆地胜北洼陷中下侏罗统水西沟群在自然伽马曲线中可识别出12.8~51.1 m,3.0~11.9 m,1.1~3.6 m和1.3~2.4 m的沉积旋回,比例关系为21.0∶5.0∶1.5∶1.0。根据天文调谐与相关系数估算出水西沟群沉积速率为3.3~11.7 cm·ka-1。②天文调谐后的时间域序列显示水西沟群长偏心率周期为405 ka、短偏心率周期为99~131 ka、斜率周期为32.6~35.0 ka、岁差周期为20.0~24.8 ka,证明吐哈盆地中下侏罗统沉积过程受到米兰科维奇旋回控制。沁探1井八道湾组(未钻穿)、三工河组和西山窑组的持续时间分别为3.0±0.1 Ma,4.1±0.1 Ma和9.0±0.1 Ma。③地球轨道旋回对陆相湖盆的湖平面升降具有明显的驱动作用,沁探1井水西沟群的沉积噪声模拟证明了~1.5 Ma超长周期可控制台北凹陷早—中侏罗世湖平面的变化。

外周血HMGB1Beclin1表达对多发性硬化急性发作期的诊断价值

目的探究高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)和Beclin1表达对急性发作期多发性硬化(MS)的诊断价值,分析其表达与病情严重程度的相关性。方法回顾性选取2020-01—2022-12邯郸市中心医院收治的86例急性发作期MS患者为研究组,根据Kurtzke扩展残疾状态评估量表(EDSS)对患者病情进行评估,选取同期健康体检者95例为对照组,收集2组患者一般资料,采集外周血以酶联免疫吸附法进行HMGB1和Beclin1检测,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析HMGB1和Beclin1表达对急性发作期MS的诊断价值,同时采用Pearson相关性分析其表达水平与疾病严重程度的关系。结果2组患者性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)、淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞数量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组患者白细胞和中性粒细胞均多于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者外周血中HMGB1表达水平高于对照组,Beclin1表达水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,HMGB1和Beclin1诊断急性发作期MS的AUC分别为0.798和0.809,两者联合预测效能最高,灵敏度和特异度分别为78.7%、93.7%。研究组患者EDSS评分为(3.38±1.02)分,随着EDSS评分的上升,HMGB1表达水平上升,Beclin1表达水平下降。经Pearson相关分析,急性发作期MS患者EDSS评分与HMGB1表达呈正相关,与Beclin1表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论HMGB1和Beclin1表达对急性发作期MS具有一定的诊断价值,两者联合诊断效能最佳,患者病情严重程度与HMGB1表达水平呈正相关,与Beclin1呈负相关。

针刺核心肌群联合康复训练治疗慢性非特异性腰痛的临床观察

【目的】观察针刺核心肌群联合康复训练治疗慢性非特异性腰痛的临床疗效。【方法】将96例慢性非特异性腰痛患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各48例,对照组给予康复训练,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,给予针刺核心肌群训练。2组患者均连续治疗2周。治疗2周后,评价2组临床疗效,观察2组患者治疗前后腹横肌与多裂肌均方根(RMS)值的变化情况,以及Oswestry功能障碍指数评分、Roland-Morris功能障碍调查表评分、魁北克腰痛障碍量表评分的情况。比较2组患者治疗前后血清β-内啡肽、血清P物质、血清前列腺素E2水平的变化情况。治疗后随访5个月,评价2组患者的复发情况。【结果】(1)观察组总有效率为93.75%(45/48),对照组为81.25%(39/48)。观察组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,2组患者的Oswestry功能障碍指数评分、Roland-Morris功能障碍调查表评分、魁北克腰痛障碍量表评分明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组在改善Oswestry功能障碍指数评分、Roland-Morris功能障碍调查表评分、魁北克腰痛障碍量表评分方面明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后,2组患者的腹横肌、多裂肌RMS值明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组在改善腹横肌、多裂肌RMS值方面明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)治疗后,2组患者β-内啡肽、P物质、前列腺素E2水平均明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组在改善β-内啡肽、P物质、前列腺素E2水平方面均明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)治疗后观察组复发率为6.25%(3/48),对照组为20.83%(10/48),观察组复发率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】针刺核心肌群联合康复训练治疗慢性非特异性腰痛,能明显改善患者的临床症状,改善患者β-内啡肽、P物质、前列腺素E2水平,临床疗效显著。

共同富裕背景下中国中等收入群体规模测度及质量追踪

在推进共同富裕背景下,中国中等收入群体规模加速扩张,但基尼系数仍居高不下,收入分配不均衡问题依然严峻,中国中等收入群体的规模和质量需进一步探究。基于CFPS2010—2018年的调查数据,测度不同层面的中等收入群体规模变化及持续韧度,构建多维度质量评价指标体系,追踪规模扩张及韧度差距背后的质量差异,并实证检验其作用。研究表明:(1)城乡和不同受雇类型的群体间中等收入群体规模增速存在较大差距,中等收入群体的整体持续韧度较差;(2)中等收入群体规模扩张速度较快和持续韧度较好的群体,在财产、就业和人力资本方面的质量均具有较大优势,财产质量尤为明显;(3)财产、就业和人力资本方面的质量均会显著正向影响中等收入群体规模的增速和持续韧度,且财产质量的影响作用较大。研究结果不仅有助于明晰中等收入群体的规模与质量,也为促进中等收入群体的“提质扩容”和推进共同富裕进程提供政策启示。

中国成年流动人口二代的规模、特征与演变趋势

基于历次全国人口普查和中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)等数据,对我国成年流动人口二代的规模与特征进行了系统分析。研究发现,2010年以来成年流动人口二代的规模与比重呈现不断上升趋势,截至2020年,18~45岁流动人口二代已达到1.59亿人,占我国18~45岁劳动年龄人口的29.89%。相较于非流动人口二代,流动人口二代成年后的发展普遍更差,在受教育程度、经济收入和经济状况满意度3个关键方面均处于相对较低水平,且女性受留守经历的影响更大。人口预测结果表明,成年流动人口二代的规模将不断上升,占青壮年劳动力的比重在2035年甚至会超过一半,因此其发展问题应引起更大重视。针对流动人口及其子女发展的政策应树立“全生命周期”理念,流动人口二代成年后的发展也需要有相应的政策支持,同时城市的发展规划、公共服务提供等政策安排应按常住人口统筹。

一种采用混合策略的大规模多目标进化算法

现实中存在大量的大规模多目标优化问题,这些问题所固有的目标函数间冲突性、巨大的搜索空间以及决策变量可能存在的交互等特征对传统的多目标进化算法构成了巨大的挑战.研究者根据此类问题的特点基于不同的视角提出了多种大规模多目标进化算法,但它们在解题的质量和效率方面尚存较大的提升空间.基于此,提出一种采用混合策略的大规模多目标进化算法LSMOEA/HS.该算法提出的一种黄金分层分组方法将大规模决策变量分成收敛性组和多样性组,然后对收敛性变量组执行基于变量组的相关性检测操作,将收敛性变量组划分成若干更小规模的子组,最后算法采用不同的优化策略分别优化收敛性变量组和多样性变量组以获得最终的解题结果.为验证LSMOEA/HS的有效性,将其与五种新近提出的高效的大规模多目标进化算法一同在决策变量维度为200、500、1000、2000和5000的2-目标和3-目标的LSMOP系列测试实例上进行IGD和HV性能测试,实验结果表明LSMOEA/HS具有显著较优的收敛性和多样性.由此表明,LSMOEA/HS是一种颇具前景的大规模多目标进化算法.

影响中国水稻生产环节外包发展因素的实证研究:基于群体效应视角

【目的】基于群体效应视角探索影响水稻生产环节外包发展的因素,为研究中国水稻生产环节外包和农业适度规模经营的路径选择与发展提供参考。【方法】基于2019年全国范围内4个水稻主产省中受访的631位农户与92个村庄的截面数据,采用二元Logistic模型对影响水稻生产环节外包的因素进行实证分析。【结果】1)个体效应对农业生产环节外包影响削弱,群体效应作用显现。2)群体通过邻里效应、学习效应和环境效应等对水稻生产环节外包发展产生了重要作用:a.邻里经营规模扩大有利于促进劳动密集型环节发展;邻里收入水平的提高对劳动密集型环节外包的发展无明显促进作用;b.学习效应对技术密集型环节和兼具劳动密集型与技术密集型特征的环节外包发展具有积极的辐射带动作用;c.环境效应中组织化环境为兼具劳动密集型与技术密集型特征的环节和技术密集型环节进一步发展提供了空间,农资供应环境对劳动密集型环节外包发展起着积极的促进作用。【启示】提高村庄群体的影响力;充分发挥邻里的示范带头作用;加强对农业劳动力的职业技能培训与指导;强化村庄组织环境,建立专业化、社会化的农业合作组织。

基于分组注意力和高斯多尺度的目标检测方法研究

针对现有目标检测网络在特征提取以及多尺度融合方面存在的局限,将分组卷积与高斯金字塔引入深层神经网络中,设计了一种基于分组注意力机制和高斯多尺度融合的目标检测方法。该方法利用图像灰度化、直方图均衡化丰富输入信息,降低光照影响;构建双阶段特征提取结构,采用深度可分离卷积初步提取目标特征后再利用分组注意力结构提升关键信息权重,进一步提炼目标特征;为充分捕获目标多尺度信息,设计了高斯多尺度结构,将不同维度的特征自适应融合后构建高斯金字塔特征,与对应尺度特征联合实现目标检测。通过在ImageNet、MS COCO、PASCAL VOC三个公开标准数据集上的实验结果表明,所提方法目标信息丰富,有效特征提取以及网络尺度不变性都有较大改善,在复杂场景下也具有较高的鲁棒性和泛化能力。

基于组增长的小世界Scale-free网络模型

小世界和Scale-free是很多大规模复杂网络的重要特征,建立体现这些特征的网络模型是研究网络结构和行为的重要基础。针对现有模型不能全面地反映实际网络所具有的特征属性,提出了基于组增长的小世界 Scale-free网络模型。该模型在小世界和 Scale-free模型的基础上,结合了节点的本地强连接性、新增连接的度相关性和网络动态的增长方式,把小世界和 Scale-free联系了起来。仿真结果表明,该模型生成的网络图同时具有小世界和 Scale-free特征。

团体绘画治疗在恢复期精神分裂症住院患者中的应用

目的探讨团体绘画治疗对恢复期精神分裂症住院患者阴性和阳性症状、社会功能和认知功能的影响,为患者提供非药物治疗方法。方法将2022年1月至9月45例本院住院恢复期精神分裂症患者设为对照组,并予以常规药物及康复训练;2022年10月至2023年6月45例恢复期精神分裂症住院患者设为观察组,在对照组基础上团体绘画治疗干预。干预时间8w。干预前后分别采用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)、住院精神患者社会功能量表(scale of social function in psychosis inpatients,SSPI)、重复性成套神经心理状态测验(repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status,RBANS)比较两组患者阳性与阴性症状、社会功能和认知功能。结果两组各45例患者完成研究。观察组患者阳性阴性症状量表评分干预前后差值高于对照组;观察组患者SSPI评分干预前后差值高于对照组;观察组RBANS评分干预前后差值高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论团体绘画治疗可改善患者临床症状,提高患者认知功能,促进社会功能恢复。