In the preliminary design stage of the full form ships, in order to obtain a hull form with low resistance and maximum propulsion efficiency, an optimization design program for a full form ship with the minimum thrust...In the preliminary design stage of the full form ships, in order to obtain a hull form with low resistance and maximum propulsion efficiency, an optimization design program for a full form ship with the minimum thrust deduction factor has been developed, which combined the potential flow theory and boundary layer theory with the optimization technique. In the optimization process, the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique（SUMT） interior point method of Nonlinear Programming（NLP） was proposed with the minimum thrust deduction factor as the objective function. An appropriate displacement is a basic constraint condition, and the boundary layer separation is an additional one. The parameters of the hull form modification function are used as design variables. At last, the numerical optimization example for lines of after-body of 50000 DWT product oil tanker was provided, which indicated that the propulsion efficiency was improved distinctly by this optimal design method.展开更多
Spectral unmixing is essential for exploitation of remotely senseddata of Hyperspectral Images (HSI). It amounts to the identification of a position of spectral signatures that are pure and therefore called end member...Spectral unmixing is essential for exploitation of remotely senseddata of Hyperspectral Images (HSI). It amounts to the identification of a position of spectral signatures that are pure and therefore called end members andtheir matching fractional, draft rules abundances for every pixel in HSI. Thispaper aims to unmix hyperspectral data using the minimal volume methodof elementary scrutiny. Moreover, the problem of optimization is solved bythe implementation of the sequence of small problems that are constrainedquadratically. The hard constraint in the final step for the abundance fractionis then replaced with a loss function of hinge type that accounts for outlinersand noise. Existing algorithms focus on estimating the endmembers (Ems)enumeration in a sight, discerning of spectral signs of EMs, besides assessmentof fractional profusion for every EM in every pixel of a sight. Nevertheless, allthe stages are performed by only a few algorithms in the process of hyperspectral unmixing. Therefore, the Non-negative Minimum Volume Factorization(NMVF) algorithm is further extended by fusing it with the nonnegativematrix of robust collaborative factorization that aims to perform all the threeunmixing chain steps for hyperspectral images. The major contributions ofthis article are in this manner: (A) it performs Simplex analysis of minimum volume for hyperspectral images with unsupervised linear unmixing isemployed. (B) The simplex analysis method is configured with an exaggeratedform of the elementary which is delivered by vertical component analysis(VCA). (C) The inflating factor is chosen carefully inactivating the constraintsin a large majority for relating to the source fractions abundance that speedsup the algorithm. (D) The final step is making simplex analysis method robustto outliners as well as noise that replaces the profusion element positivity hardrestraint by a hinge kind soft restraint, preserving the local minima havinggood quality. (E) The matrix factorization method is applied that is capable ofperforming the three major phases of the hyperspectral separation sequence.The anticipated approach can find application in a scenario where the endmembers are known in advance, however, it assumes that the endmemberscount is corresponding to an overestimated value. The proposed method isdifferent from other conventional methods as it begins with the overestimationof the count of endmembers wherein removing the endmembers that areredundant by the means of collaborative regularization. As demonstrated bythe experimental results, proposed approach yields competitive performancecomparable with widely used methods.展开更多
This article obtains some theoretical results on the number of clear two-factor interaction components and weak minimum aberration in an sm-pIVdesign, by considering the number of not clear two-factor interaction comp...This article obtains some theoretical results on the number of clear two-factor interaction components and weak minimum aberration in an sm-pIVdesign, by considering the number of not clear two-factor interaction components of the design.展开更多
In variational problem, the selection of functional weighting factors (FWF) is one of the key points for discussing many relevant studies. To overcome arbitrariness and subjectivity of the empirical selecting methods ...In variational problem, the selection of functional weighting factors (FWF) is one of the key points for discussing many relevant studies. To overcome arbitrariness and subjectivity of the empirical selecting methods used widely at present, this paper tries to put forward an optimal objective selecting method of FWF. The focus of the study is on the weighting factors optimal selection in the variation retrieval single-Doppler radar wind field with the simple adjoint models. Weighting factors in the meaning of minimal variance are calculated out with the matrix theory and the finite difference method of partial differential equation. Experiments show that the result is more objective comparing with the factors obtained with the empirical method.展开更多
In this article, the authors obtain some theoretical results for 2_(IV)^(m-p) designs to have the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions by considering the number of two-factor interactions that are not clear...In this article, the authors obtain some theoretical results for 2_(IV)^(m-p) designs to have the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions by considering the number of two-factor interactions that are not clear. Several 2_(IV)^(m-p) designs with the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions, judged using these results, are provided for illustration.展开更多
Let G be a graph of order n, and let a and b be integers, such that 1 ≤ a b. Let H be a subgraph of G with m(≤b) edges, and δ(G) be the minimum degree. We prove that G has a [a,b]-factor containing all edges of H i...Let G be a graph of order n, and let a and b be integers, such that 1 ≤ a b. Let H be a subgraph of G with m(≤b) edges, and δ(G) be the minimum degree. We prove that G has a [a,b]-factor containing all edges of H if , , and when a ≤ 2, .展开更多
通过评价不同种植年限苜蓿地土壤质量变化,可为紫花苜蓿人工草地的可持续利用和适宜种植年限的确定提供理论依据。本文以黄土高原半干旱区不同种植年限的苜蓿地为研究对象,农田为对照,测定了耕层土壤物理、化学和生物学性质的21个指标,...通过评价不同种植年限苜蓿地土壤质量变化,可为紫花苜蓿人工草地的可持续利用和适宜种植年限的确定提供理论依据。本文以黄土高原半干旱区不同种植年限的苜蓿地为研究对象,农田为对照,测定了耕层土壤物理、化学和生物学性质的21个指标,作为全数据集(Total data set,TDS)进行描述性特征分析,并通过主成分分析、相关性分析和Norm值计算构建了土壤质量评价最小数据集(Minimum data set,MDS),运用加权综合指数法开展土壤质量评价。结果表明,长期种植苜蓿会提高土壤有机碳、全氮和可溶性碳含量,但降低了土壤水分和速效磷含量。构建的MDS包括土壤容重、全氮、速效磷、脲酶、真菌Shannon指数和真菌Chao指数;全数据集土壤质量指数(TDS-Soil quality index,TDS-SQI)与最小数据集土壤质量指数(MDS-Soil quality index,MDS-SQI)均表现为L2012>L2003>农田>L2019,且两种评价体系结果呈显著正相关(R^(2)=0.599,P<0.05),表明采用最小数据集评价苜蓿地土壤质量是可行的。土壤速效磷和全氮是影响黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿地土壤质量的主要障碍因子,可通过适当施用氮、磷肥及轮作促进区域紫花苜蓿人工草地的可持续利用。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51009087)
文摘In the preliminary design stage of the full form ships, in order to obtain a hull form with low resistance and maximum propulsion efficiency, an optimization design program for a full form ship with the minimum thrust deduction factor has been developed, which combined the potential flow theory and boundary layer theory with the optimization technique. In the optimization process, the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique（SUMT） interior point method of Nonlinear Programming（NLP） was proposed with the minimum thrust deduction factor as the objective function. An appropriate displacement is a basic constraint condition, and the boundary layer separation is an additional one. The parameters of the hull form modification function are used as design variables. At last, the numerical optimization example for lines of after-body of 50000 DWT product oil tanker was provided, which indicated that the propulsion efficiency was improved distinctly by this optimal design method.
基金This research was supported by Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(P0012724,The Competency Development Program for Industry Specialist)and the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
文摘Spectral unmixing is essential for exploitation of remotely senseddata of Hyperspectral Images (HSI). It amounts to the identification of a position of spectral signatures that are pure and therefore called end members andtheir matching fractional, draft rules abundances for every pixel in HSI. Thispaper aims to unmix hyperspectral data using the minimal volume methodof elementary scrutiny. Moreover, the problem of optimization is solved bythe implementation of the sequence of small problems that are constrainedquadratically. The hard constraint in the final step for the abundance fractionis then replaced with a loss function of hinge type that accounts for outlinersand noise. Existing algorithms focus on estimating the endmembers (Ems)enumeration in a sight, discerning of spectral signs of EMs, besides assessmentof fractional profusion for every EM in every pixel of a sight. Nevertheless, allthe stages are performed by only a few algorithms in the process of hyperspectral unmixing. Therefore, the Non-negative Minimum Volume Factorization(NMVF) algorithm is further extended by fusing it with the nonnegativematrix of robust collaborative factorization that aims to perform all the threeunmixing chain steps for hyperspectral images. The major contributions ofthis article are in this manner: (A) it performs Simplex analysis of minimum volume for hyperspectral images with unsupervised linear unmixing isemployed. (B) The simplex analysis method is configured with an exaggeratedform of the elementary which is delivered by vertical component analysis(VCA). (C) The inflating factor is chosen carefully inactivating the constraintsin a large majority for relating to the source fractions abundance that speedsup the algorithm. (D) The final step is making simplex analysis method robustto outliners as well as noise that replaces the profusion element positivity hardrestraint by a hinge kind soft restraint, preserving the local minima havinggood quality. (E) The matrix factorization method is applied that is capable ofperforming the three major phases of the hyperspectral separation sequence.The anticipated approach can find application in a scenario where the endmembers are known in advance, however, it assumes that the endmemberscount is corresponding to an overestimated value. The proposed method isdifferent from other conventional methods as it begins with the overestimationof the count of endmembers wherein removing the endmembers that areredundant by the means of collaborative regularization. As demonstrated bythe experimental results, proposed approach yields competitive performancecomparable with widely used methods.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20060390169)the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of China (07CTJ002)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10671099)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-08-0909)
文摘This article obtains some theoretical results on the number of clear two-factor interaction components and weak minimum aberration in an sm-pIVdesign, by considering the number of not clear two-factor interaction components of the design.
文摘In variational problem, the selection of functional weighting factors (FWF) is one of the key points for discussing many relevant studies. To overcome arbitrariness and subjectivity of the empirical selecting methods used widely at present, this paper tries to put forward an optimal objective selecting method of FWF. The focus of the study is on the weighting factors optimal selection in the variation retrieval single-Doppler radar wind field with the simple adjoint models. Weighting factors in the meaning of minimal variance are calculated out with the matrix theory and the finite difference method of partial differential equation. Experiments show that the result is more objective comparing with the factors obtained with the empirical method.
基金Research supported by the NNSF of China (10301015: 10571093)the SRFDP of China (20050055038)the China Portdoctoral Science Foundation (20060390169)Liu and Zhang's research was also supported by the Visiting Scholar Program at Chern Institute of Mathematics.
文摘In this article, the authors obtain some theoretical results for 2_(IV)^(m-p) designs to have the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions by considering the number of two-factor interactions that are not clear. Several 2_(IV)^(m-p) designs with the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions, judged using these results, are provided for illustration.
文摘Let G be a graph of order n, and let a and b be integers, such that 1 ≤ a b. Let H be a subgraph of G with m(≤b) edges, and δ(G) be the minimum degree. We prove that G has a [a,b]-factor containing all edges of H if , , and when a ≤ 2, .
文摘通过评价不同种植年限苜蓿地土壤质量变化,可为紫花苜蓿人工草地的可持续利用和适宜种植年限的确定提供理论依据。本文以黄土高原半干旱区不同种植年限的苜蓿地为研究对象,农田为对照,测定了耕层土壤物理、化学和生物学性质的21个指标,作为全数据集(Total data set,TDS)进行描述性特征分析,并通过主成分分析、相关性分析和Norm值计算构建了土壤质量评价最小数据集(Minimum data set,MDS),运用加权综合指数法开展土壤质量评价。结果表明,长期种植苜蓿会提高土壤有机碳、全氮和可溶性碳含量,但降低了土壤水分和速效磷含量。构建的MDS包括土壤容重、全氮、速效磷、脲酶、真菌Shannon指数和真菌Chao指数;全数据集土壤质量指数(TDS-Soil quality index,TDS-SQI)与最小数据集土壤质量指数(MDS-Soil quality index,MDS-SQI)均表现为L2012>L2003>农田>L2019,且两种评价体系结果呈显著正相关(R^(2)=0.599,P<0.05),表明采用最小数据集评价苜蓿地土壤质量是可行的。土壤速效磷和全氮是影响黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿地土壤质量的主要障碍因子,可通过适当施用氮、磷肥及轮作促进区域紫花苜蓿人工草地的可持续利用。
