The regulatory framework for mining operations is complex;the licensing process in particular typically involves several laws and a number of permits. This paper assumes that the regulatory framework is strongly influ...The regulatory framework for mining operations is complex;the licensing process in particular typically involves several laws and a number of permits. This paper assumes that the regulatory framework is strongly influenced by the institutional framework of which it is part, and that it suffers from an institutional path dependence that may decrease the efficiency of the system as well as act barrier to the implementation of necessary environmental requirements. The paper provides: 1) a legal analysis of the regulatory framework governing mining operations in Sweden, Finland and Russia;and 2) a comparative analysis of the scope of the environmental assessment within the licensing process in the examined countries. The result of the analysis of the regulatory frameworks shows great similarity between the Swedish and the Finnish systems, both in terms of the overall structure and the implementation of substantive environmental rules. The Russian system differs in this respect, with more declarative rules and seemingly less substantive assessments. The results also indicate that the regulatory frameworks in all three countries show signs of institutional path dependence, but in very different degrees. Though Russia has indeed implemented major changes in the formal structure, very little has changed in practice. The Swedish regulatory framework for mining shows a deficient systematics and conflicting objectives, despite the implementation of a comprehensive environmental legislation. The recently reformed Finnish system seems to have a more holistic approach.展开更多
社会许可(Social License to Operate—SLO)是指企业与当地社区共同参与项目实施全过程中重大问题的决策,并就项目开发所涉及的相关问题达成一致意见,最终由当地社区赋予或确认企业从事项目开发的社会资格或社会权利的一种社会行为。本...社会许可(Social License to Operate—SLO)是指企业与当地社区共同参与项目实施全过程中重大问题的决策,并就项目开发所涉及的相关问题达成一致意见,最终由当地社区赋予或确认企业从事项目开发的社会资格或社会权利的一种社会行为。本文论述了社会许可的定义、内涵以及在矿业领域社会许可的表现形式和意义,认为在我国矿业领域推行社会许可是十分必要的:它不仅是促进我国绿色矿山建设的有力手段,而且会对我国矿业的健康发展将起到积极的推动作用。展开更多
文摘The regulatory framework for mining operations is complex;the licensing process in particular typically involves several laws and a number of permits. This paper assumes that the regulatory framework is strongly influenced by the institutional framework of which it is part, and that it suffers from an institutional path dependence that may decrease the efficiency of the system as well as act barrier to the implementation of necessary environmental requirements. The paper provides: 1) a legal analysis of the regulatory framework governing mining operations in Sweden, Finland and Russia;and 2) a comparative analysis of the scope of the environmental assessment within the licensing process in the examined countries. The result of the analysis of the regulatory frameworks shows great similarity between the Swedish and the Finnish systems, both in terms of the overall structure and the implementation of substantive environmental rules. The Russian system differs in this respect, with more declarative rules and seemingly less substantive assessments. The results also indicate that the regulatory frameworks in all three countries show signs of institutional path dependence, but in very different degrees. Though Russia has indeed implemented major changes in the formal structure, very little has changed in practice. The Swedish regulatory framework for mining shows a deficient systematics and conflicting objectives, despite the implementation of a comprehensive environmental legislation. The recently reformed Finnish system seems to have a more holistic approach.
文摘社会许可(Social License to Operate—SLO)是指企业与当地社区共同参与项目实施全过程中重大问题的决策,并就项目开发所涉及的相关问题达成一致意见,最终由当地社区赋予或确认企业从事项目开发的社会资格或社会权利的一种社会行为。本文论述了社会许可的定义、内涵以及在矿业领域社会许可的表现形式和意义,认为在我国矿业领域推行社会许可是十分必要的:它不仅是促进我国绿色矿山建设的有力手段,而且会对我国矿业的健康发展将起到积极的推动作用。
