An Integrated Dynamic Model of Ocean Mining System and Fast Simulation of Its Longitudinal Reciprocating Motion

An integrated dynamic model of China＇s deep ocean mining system is developed and the fast simulation analysis of its longitudinal reciprocating motion operation processes is achieved. The seafloor tracked miner is built as a three-dimensional single-body model with six-degree-of-freedom. The track-terrain interaction is modeled by partitioning the track-terrain interface into a certain number of mesh elements with three mutually perpendicular forces, including the normal force, the longitudinal shear force and the lateral shear force, acting on the center point of each mesh element. The hydrodynamic force of the miner is considered and applied. By considering the operational safety and collection efficiency, two new mining paths for the miner on the seafloor are proposed, which can be simulated with the established single-body dynamic model of the miner. The pipeline subsystem is built as a three-dimensional multi-body discrete element model, which is divided into rigid elements linked by flexible connectors. The flexible connector without mass is represented by six spring-damper elements. The external hydrodynamic forces of the ocean current from the longitudinal and lateral directions are both considered and modeled based on the Morison formula and applied to the mass center of each corresponding discrete rigid element. The mining ship is simplified and represented by a general kinematic point, whose heave motion induced by the ocean waves and the longitudinal and lateral towing motions are considered and applied. By integrating the single-body dynamic model of the miner and the multi-body discrete element dynamic model of the pipeline, and defining the kinematic equations of the mining ship, the integrated dynamic model of the total deep ocean mining system is formed. The longitudinal reciprocating motion operation modes of the total mining system, which combine the active straight-line and turning motions of the miner and the ship, and the passive towed motions of the pipeline, are proposed and simulated with the developed 3D dynamic model. Some critical simulation results are obtained and analyzed, such as the motion trajectories of key subsystems, the velocities of the buoyancy modules and the interaction forces between subsystems, which in a way can provide important theoretical basis and useful technical reference for the practical deep ocean mining system analysis, operation and control.

Pump-lockage ore transportation system for deep sea flexible mining system

Based on characteristics of deep sea flexible mining system,a new pump-lockage ore transportation system was designed.According to Bernoulli equation and two-phase hydrodynamics theory,parameters of the new system were obtained and four ore transportation systems were analyzed.The results indicate that the pump head of 1 000 m mining system is 100-150 m and that of 5 000 m mining system is 660-750 m.In addition,based on similarity theory,a model of the new transportation system was made,which can simulate more than 5 000 m actual ore transportation system.So both theory and experiment prove that the new pump-lockage ore transportation system is an ideal design for deep sea flexible mining system.

Application of highwall mining system in weak geological condition

Almost all the coal is produced from open cut mines in Indonesia. As a consequence of open cut mine application, a great deal of coal is left out in the highwalls of the mined-out pits. Highwall mining systems can be used to recover this coal. The use of highwall mining systems has increasingly come into play in the US and Australia. However, it is not common in Indonesia. Moreover, Indonesia coal measure is categorized as weak geological condition. Some problems are likely to arise during the application of the highwall mining system for example instability of openings and highwalls due to the roof and pillar failures. Therefore, study of highwall mining system application in Indonesia is needed in order to increase the recovery rate of coal mining in Indonesia. This paper described the characteristics of the highwa!l mining system and discussed the appropriate highwall mining system application in weak geological condition, Indonesia. From the results of a series of laboratory tests and numerical analyses, it can be concluded that the stability of pillars and mine openings in auger mining systems is much higher than that in CHM and an auger mining system is suitable for such as very weak/poor strata conditions. Moreover, the application of backfilling system is very effective for improvement of the stability of pillar and openings.

Study on Application of Highwall Mining System under Weak Geological Condition in Thailand

The EGAT Mac Moh coal mine is an open-cut coal mine in Thailand that produces about 16 million tons of lignite annually to generate 2,400 MW of electricity. The surface mine pit covers is 4 km by 7 km with mining depths ranging up to 260 m. A large pit slope is formed with the progression of the mining operation. However, massive slides in the pit slope occur often due to the existence weak planes such as faults and bedding, and the weak mechanical properties of the rocks. Hence, 200 m to 300 m boundaries of rock block including coal seams are left in front of faults in order to prevent slides and maintain the stability of the pit slope. As a result, there are significant coal reserves beneath the abandoned area along the pit slope. The focus of this paper is on the applicability and design of the highwall mining for recovering much of the coal left along the pit slope.

Enhance Mining System Reliability through System Integration Approach

The reliability of mining systems is generally low due to their harsh working conditions. Currently, efforts for improving mining system reliability are often made in isolation. This practice could substantially limit the effectiveness of the efforts on overall reliability improvement of the mining system. To enhance the overall reliability of mining systems, an integrated improvement approach is necessary. In this paper, we developed a framework for integrated mining system reliability improvement to address this issue. In this framework, there are five major components including data integration, business process integration, hardware integration, software integration and analysis/decision integration, but we only focus on the integrated reliability analysis which is important to the analysis/decision integration. The reliability analysis considers the interactions between machines, and the impacts of design, operation, maintenance, automation and working environment on the overall system reliability. These multiple interactions present a big challenge to accurate reliability prediction. In this paper, we for the first time systematically investigated integrated reliability analysis approaches for dealing with this challenge using novel models and methods, including covariate hazard models, intelligent reliability prediction approach and complex system modeling methods. While these models and methods have found some successful applications in other industries, they in general have not been effectively used for the reliability analysis of mining systems. Our study results show that the system integration approach is applicable to mining systems and can be used for developing a computer aided integration system for the implementation of the integrated reliability improvement approach.

Design and Strength Analysis of A Spherical Connector for Lifting Subsystem in Deep Sea Mining System

A flexible connector of lifting pipes in a deep sea mining system is designed. The buttress thread （ based on API standard） is used and foreign experience in connector design is referred to. With this kind of connector, the lifting pipe wiU only bear the axial force, free of moment. The strength of the connector is analyzed in detail, including the connecting strength of the buttress thread, the dynamic load of the pipe system, pressures inside and outside of the pipe, the lateral stress of the pipe wall and so on. Especially, a geometric model is built for 3-D contact stress analysis. The distribution graph of contact stress is presented. It is indicated that the strength of the spherical connector meets the demand.

Dynamics of vertical pipe in deep-ocean mining system

A 3-D geometrical nonlinear model for the entire lift system of 1000-m sea trial system of China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association was established with finite element method.The model was utilized to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the vertical pipe under the influence of moving velocity,current direction and wave.The simulation results show that the axial stress is dominant on the vertical pipe,its maximum is located at the pipe top,all stresses are much less than the allowable value of the vertical pipe and joint;the heave motion leads to violent fluctuation of the force and stress,but a period of 8 s is not likely to resonate the present pipe;against the current,0.50 m/s is the suggested moving velocity of the ship and miner,while along the current,the moving velocity can be slightly higher than 0.75 m/s.

Experiment and Simulation for Articulated Lifting Subsystem of 1000 m Deep Sea Mining System

The experiment system of 1000 m deep sea mining system is built up with the similarity theory. Sine mechanism is used to simulate mining ship to generate lateral shock excitation by ocean wave. Simulation and experiment of spherical joint connecting deep sea mining system has been done in band six marine conditions. The results indicate that the moment of spherical joint connecting deep sea mining is smaller than that of the thread connected ones, the lifting pipe of sphelical joint is ＂flexible pipe＂. The flexural torque of the articulated lifting pipe system in pump and buffer is generally periodic variation with some irregularity, the value is stable on 60 N·S, and it is obviously smaller than that of the fixed lifting pipe system; The total displacement exhibits cyclic variation pattern, and the periodicity of them is longer than that of sea current. The results of experiment and simulation are basically consistent. And the analysis in the paper offers theoretical foundation of 1000 m deep sea mining system in China.

A Distributed Data Mining System Based on Multi-agent Technology

Distributed Data Mining is expected to discover preciously unknown, implicit and valuable information from massive data set inherently distributed over a network. In recent years several approaches to distributed data mining have been developed, but only a few of them make use of intelligent agents. This paper provides the reason for applying Multi-Agent Technology in Distributed Data Mining and presents a Distributed Data Mining System based on Multi-Agent Technology that deals with heterogeneity in such environment. Based on the advantages of both the CS model and agent-based model, the system is being able to address the specific concern of increasing scalability and enhancing performance.

Parallel Web Mining System Based on Cloud Platform

Traditional machine-learning algorithms are struggling to handle the exceedingly large amount of data being generated by the internet. In real-world applications, there is an urgent need for machine-learning algorithms to be able to handle large-scale, high-dimensional text data. Cloud computing involves the delivery of computing and storage as a service to a heterogeneous community of recipients, Recently, it has aroused much interest in industry and academia. Most previous works on cloud platforms only focus on the parallel algorithms for structured data. In this paper, we focus on the parallel implementation of web-mining algorithms and develop a parallel web-mining system that includes parallel web crawler; parallel text extract, transform and load （ETL） and modeling; and parallel text mining and application subsystems. The complete system enables variable real-world web-mining applications for mass data.

Fuzzy linear model for production optimization of mining systems with multiple entities

Planning and production optimization within multiple mines or several work sites （entities） mining systems by using fuzzy linear programming （LP） was studied. LP is the most commonly used operations research methods in mining engineering. After the introductory review of properties and limitations of applying LP, short reviews of the general settings of deterministic and fuzzy LP models are presented. With the purpose of comparative analysis, the application of both LP models is presented using the example of the Bauxite Basin Niksic with five mines. After the assessment, LP is an efficient mathematical modeling tool in production planning and solving many other single-criteria optimization problems of mining engineering. After the comparison of advantages and deficiencies of both deterministic and fuzzy LP models, the conclusion presents benefits of the fuzzy LP model but is also stating that seeking the optimal plan of production means to accomplish the overall analysis that will encompass the LP model approaches.

Spatial data mining system for ore-forming prediction

The authors designed the spatial data mining system for ore-forming prediction based on the theory and methods of data mining as well as the technique of spatial database,in combination with the characteristics of geological information data.The system consists of data management,data mining and knowledge discovery,knowledge representation.It can syncretize multi-source geosciences data effectively,such as geology,geochemistry,geophysics,RS.The system digitized geological information data as data layer files which consist of the two numerical values,to store these files in the system database.According to the combination of the characters of geological information,metallogenic prognosis was realized,as an example from some area in Heilongjiang Province.The prospect area of hydrothermal copper deposit was determined.

Extensible Markup Language Data Mining System Model

The existing data mining methods are mostly focused on relational databases and structured data, but not on complex structured data (like in extensible markup language(XML)). By converting XML document type description to the relational semantic recording XML data relations, and using an XML data mining language, the XML data mining system presents a strategy to mine information on XML.

Operating Analysis and Data Mining System for Power Grid Dispatching

The dispatching center of power-grid companies is also the data center of the power grid where gathers great amount of operating information. The valuable information contained in these data means a lot for power grid operating management, but at present there is no special method for the management of operating data resource. This paper introduces the operating analysis and data mining system for power grid dispatching. The technique of data warehousing online analytical processing has been used to manage and analysis the great capacity of data. This analysis system is based on the real-time data of the power grid to dig out the potential rule of the power grid operating. This system also provides a research platform for the dispatchers, help to improve the JIT (Just in Time) management of power system.

Punch Multi-slice Longwall Mining System for Thick Coal Seam under Weak Geological Conditions

Most of coal is produced from open-cut mines in Southeast Asian countries. However, the conditions of their surface mines are worsening each year： the stripping ratio is increasing, approaching economic ratio and the regulation of environmental protection. To meet the demand for coal, underground mines have to be developed in the near future. Under these circumstances, the development of new coal mines from open-cut highwalls are being planned in Southeast Asian Countries. Moreover, some of the Southeast Asian mines have thick coal seams. However, if the conventional mining systems and designs introduced in US, Australia and European Countries are applied, several geotechnical issues can be expected due to the mines＇ weak geological conditions. From these backgrounds, this paper proposed a punch multi-slice mining system with stowing for thick coal seam under weak geological conditions and discussed its applicability and suitable design by means of numerical analysis.

Design and Implementation of Chinese Historical Text Mining System Based on Culturomics

Culturomics and Chinese text mining methods are of great significance for analyzing the development and evolution of Chinese history and culture. To help researchers analyze a large number of Chinese historical text data, a Chinese historical text mining system based on cultruomics is designed, which includes text data processing and analyzing subsystem, text data visualizing subsystem, and text data clustering and retrieval subsystem. First of all, our system preprocesses the text data, then visualizes the text data with the frequency of words line chart and word cloud, at last selects the text data through clustering and retrieval methods. It further supports researchers to discover knowledge from a large number of historical text data. We demonstrate its general performance on text data of Canton Customs into our system. The result shows that our system is feasible and effective.

A systematic study of Erzhu Erchen decoction against damp-heat internalized type 2 diabetes based on data mining and experimental verification

Background:Erzhu Erchen decoction(EZECD),which is based on Erchen decoction and enhanced with Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes macrocephala,is widely used for the treatment of dampness and heat(The clinical manifestations of Western medicine include thirst,inability to drink more,diarrhea,yellow urine,red tongue,et al.)internalized disease.Nevertheless,the mechanism of EZECD on damp-heat internalized Type 2 diabetes(T2D)remains unknown.We employed data mining,pharmacology databases and experimental verification to study how EZECD treats damp-heat internalized T2D.Methods:The main compounds or genes of EZECD and damp-heat internalized T2D were obtained from the pharmacology databases.Succeeding,the overlapped targets of EZECD and damp-heat internalized T2D were performed by the Gene Ontology,kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis.And the compound-disease targets-pathway network were constructed to obtain the hub compound.Moreover,the hub genes and core related pathways were mined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on Gene Expression Omnibus database,the capability of hub compound and genes was valid in AutoDock 1.5.7.Furthermore,and violin plot and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to explore the role of hub genes in damp-heat internalized T2D.Finally,the interactions of hub compound and genes were explored using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:First,herb-compounds-genes-disease network illustrated that the hub compound of EZECD for damp-heat internalized T2D could be quercetin.Consistently,the hub genes were CASP8,CCL2,and AHR according to weighted gene co-expression network analysis.Molecular docking showed that quercetin could bind with the hub genes.Further,gene set enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology represented that CASP8,or CCL2,is negatively involved in insulin secretion response to the TNF or lipopolysaccharide process,and AHR or CCL2 positively regulated lipid and atherosclerosis,and/or including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway.Ultimately,the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis showed that quercetin could down-regulated the mRNA and protein experssion of CASP8,CCL2,and AHR.It was consistent with the results in Comparative Toxicogenomics Database databases.Conclusion:These results demonstrated quercetin could inhibit the expression of CASP8,CCL2,AHR in damp-heat internalized T2D,which improves insulin secretion and inhibits lipid and atherosclerosis,as well as/or including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway,suggesting that EZECD may be more effective to treat damp-heat internalized T2D.

Construction and Practice of Teaching Evaluation System Based on Data Mining

The teaching quality evaluation system based on data mining technology can accurately and fairly identify the core driving factors to improve teaching quality.This method adopts the analysis of big data correlation rules,including data collection and processing preparation steps,builds the data warehouse of association rules,and then generates an educational quality evaluation framework using the principle of data mining.Based on this,this paper analyzes the construction design and method of the teaching evaluation system under data mining,hoping to provide help for the improvement of the teaching evaluation system and the improvement of teaching quality.

Integrative multi-omics and systems bioinformatics in translational neuroscience:A data mining perspective

Bioinformatic analysis of large and complex omics datasets has become increasingly useful in modern day biology by providing a great depth of information,with its application to neuroscience termed neuroinformatics.Data mining of omics datasets has enabled the generation of new hypotheses based on differentially regulated biological molecules associated with disease mechanisms,which can be tested experimentally for improved diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of neurodegenerative diseases.Importantly,integrating multi-omics data using a systems bioinformatics approach will advance the understanding of the layered and interactive network of biological regulation that exchanges systemic knowledge to facilitate the development of a comprehensive human brain profile.In this review,we first summarize data mining studies utilizing datasets from the individual type of omics analysis,including epigenetics/epigenomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,lipidomics,and spatial omics,pertaining to Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and multiple sclerosis.We then discuss multi-omics integration approaches,including independent biological integration and unsupervised integration methods,for more intuitive and informative interpretation of the biological data obtained across different omics layers.We further assess studies that integrate multi-omics in data mining which provide convoluted biological insights and offer proof-of-concept proposition towards systems bioinformatics in the reconstruction of brain networks.Finally,we recommend a combination of high dimensional bioinformatics analysis with experimental validation to achieve translational neuroscience applications including biomarker discovery,therapeutic development,and elucidation of disease mechanisms.We conclude by providing future perspectives and opportunities in applying integrative multi-omics and systems bioinformatics to achieve precision phenotyping of neurodegenerative diseases and towards personalized medicine.

Instability mechanism of mining roadway passing through fault at different angles in kilometre-deep mine and control measures of roof cutting and NPR cables

The angle α between the fault strike and the axial direction of the roadway produces different damage characteristics. In this paper, the research methodology includes theoretical analyses, numerical simulations and field experiments in the context of the Daqiang coal mine located in Shenyang, China. The stability control countermeasure of "pre-splitting cutting roof + NPR anchor cable"(PSCR-NPR) is simultaneously proposed. According to the different deformation characteristics of the roadway, the faults are innovatively classified into three types, with α of type I being 0°-30°, α of type II being 30°-60°, and α of type III being 60°-90°. The full-cycle stress evolution paths during mining roadway traverses across different types of faults are investigated by numerical simulation. Different pinch angles α lead to high stress concentration areas at different locations in the surrounding rock. The non-uniform stress field formed in the shallow surrounding rock is an important reason for the instability of the roadway. The pre-cracked cut top shifted the high stress region to the deep rock mass and formed a low stress region in the shallow rock mass. The high prestressing NPR anchor cable transforms the non-uniform stress field of the shallow surrounding rock into a uniform stress field. PSCR-NPR is applied in the fault-through roadway of Daqiang mine. The low stress area of the surrounding rock was enlarged by 3-7 times, and the cumulative convergence was reduced by 45%-50%. It provides a reference for the stability control of the deep fault-through mining roadway.